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2021 Iranian International Conference on Microelectronics (IICM)最新文献

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A High-Performance CMOS Hybrid Envelope Tracking Power Amplifier for Wideband High PAPR Applications 一种用于宽带高PAPR应用的高性能CMOS混合包络跟踪功率放大器
Pub Date : 2021-12-22 DOI: 10.1109/IICM55040.2021.9730153
Mehrdad Karimi, M. Ehsanian
A high-performance CMOS hybrid Envelope Tracking circuit is designed to improve the average efficiency and linearity of an RF power amplifier driven by high PAPR signals. A class AB PA at 0.9 GHz and a dynamic power supply for variable envelope signals are designed and simulated with 180nm CMOS technology with 3.3V supply voltage. The dynamic power supply is a hybrid parallel structure that a switching class D amplifier supplies most of the required current and a linear operational Transconductance amplifier covers high bandwidth requirements and also eliminates output ripples of the switching amplifier. The Efficiency of the envelope modulator for 20 MHz LTE signal with 6 dB PAPR at 24 dBm output power is 68%. The average efficiency of proposed ET PA compared with fixed supply class AB PA for 20 MHz LTE signal at 6dB back-off power is increased from 19% to 37%. By prevention of falling the supply voltage below 1V, the EVM of ETPA is decreased from 12% to 7%.
为了提高高PAPR信号驱动的射频功率放大器的平均效率和线性度,设计了一种高性能CMOS混合包络跟踪电路。采用180nm CMOS技术,在3.3V电压下,设计并仿真了0.9 GHz频率下的AB类放大器和可变包络信号动态电源。动态电源是一种混合并联结构,其中开关D类放大器提供大部分所需电流,线性运算跨导放大器满足高带宽要求,并消除开关放大器的输出纹波。该包络调制器在输出功率为24 dBm、PAPR为6 dB的20 MHz LTE信号下的效率为68%。与固定电源类AB放大器相比,所提出的ET放大器在6dB回调功率下处理20mhz LTE信号的平均效率从19%提高到37%。通过防止电源电压降到1V以下,ETPA的EVM从12%降低到7%。
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引用次数: 1
An Ultrasonic Tomography Flowmeter Implementation for Gas/Liquid Two-Phase Flow Measurement 一种用于气/液两相流量测量的超声层析流量计实现
Pub Date : 2021-12-22 DOI: 10.1109/IICM55040.2021.9730131
Omid Qorbani, E. N. Aghdam
Today's ultrasonic flow metering is very important in the industry. By using ultrasound tomography, we can be obtained cross-sectional images from inside a tube that contains two-phase fluid. By processing these images, the flow of each phase can be calculated separately. Time of flight ultrasonic tomography was used in the proposed method and does not be used conventional methods for image reconstruction. The flow rate of each phase is obtained directly from the sensitivity matrix. The proposed method is independent of flow pattern identification and then there is no need to calibration and as a result, the system is stable. One MHz piezoelectric was used to implement the proposed method and 16 piezoelectric was mounted to implement for a fan-shaped ring, also a four-channel AFE board with a sampling speed of 105 MHz and a 14-bit resolution was used. All control signals are generated by FPGA and there is no need for a microprocessor to control the process. A very simple power amplifier is used to drive the piezoelectric which has low power consumption and contributes to the stability of the system. The simulation results of the measured values show a low error of the SIE factor.
当今的超声波流量计量在工业中占有十分重要的地位。通过使用超声断层扫描,我们可以从含有两相流体的管内获得横切面图像。通过对这些图像的处理,可以分别计算出各相的流量。该方法采用飞行时间超声层析成像技术,不采用传统的图像重建方法。各相的流速直接由灵敏度矩阵求得。该方法不需要流型识别,不需要标定,系统稳定。采用1 MHz的压电片和16 MHz的压电片实现扇形环,采用采样速度为105 MHz、分辨率为14位的四通道AFE板。所有控制信号均由FPGA产生,不需要微处理器来控制过程。采用一种非常简单的功率放大器来驱动压电片,使其具有低功耗和稳定性。实测值的仿真结果表明,SIE因子的误差较小。
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引用次数: 0
Lifetime Improvement Of Perovskite Solar Cell Using A Photoactive Phase Change Material 利用光活性相变材料改善钙钛矿太阳能电池寿命
Pub Date : 2021-12-22 DOI: 10.1109/IICM55040.2021.9730359
M. Alidaei, Vahid Ahmadi, Farzaneh Arabpour
The perovskite structure is decomposed to its precursor in the face of continuous light irradiation (mainly UV light), humidity, and heat. In this work, mesoporous PSCs are fabricated in uncontrolled environment. The UV light stability of the PSC is enhanced by adding a photoactive phase change material (PCM) into the perovskite. The PCM undergoes trans to cis isomerization under UV light irradiation. Then, the cis form absorbs the heat produced in the solar cell and converts it into its trans isomer in a reversible process. By this approach, the destructive effect of UV light and heat is prohibited, leading to the enhancement of PSC durability by more than 138 % compared to devices without PCM. It should be noted that there is no significant difference in the PCE of both solar cells.
钙钛矿结构在连续光照(主要是紫外光)、湿度和热量的作用下分解为其前驱体。在本研究中,介孔聚氯乙烯是在非受控环境下制备的。通过在钙钛矿中加入光活性相变材料(PCM),增强了PSC的紫外光稳定性。紫外光照射下PCM发生反式到顺式异构化。然后,顺式吸收太阳能电池中产生的热量,并在可逆过程中将其转化为反式异构体。通过这种方法,紫外光和热的破坏性影响被禁止,导致PSC的耐用性比没有PCM的设备提高138%以上。需要注意的是,两种太阳能电池的PCE没有显著差异。
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引用次数: 0
Diagnosing Cancerous Tumor by Two Techniques: Photoacoustic Imaging and Thermoacoustic Tomography With Electric Excitation—A Numerical Approach For Comparison 诊断癌性肿瘤的两种技术:光声成像和电激励热声断层成像——一种比较的数值方法
Pub Date : 2021-12-22 DOI: 10.1109/IICM55040.2021.9730452
Maryam Ahangar Darband, E. Najafiaghdam
A numerical study and simulation of cancerous tumor detection using the photoacoustic (PA) phenomenon and thermoacoustic (TA) with electric excitation is presented. This report was in small dimension of mimic breast tissue. Besides, the different layers of the breast were considered. Therefore, it was possible to rely on the values and characteristics of the resulting data in comparing two methods. A single suitable platform for simulating, which is commercially available Finite Element software (COMSOL®), has been selected. By using this platform, we were able to simulate these two methods from stimulation to propagation continuously. All required characteristics of breast and tumor were accurately calculated or obtained from a reliable source. We can study the resulting PA and TA wave and its changes in more detail by our defined scenarios.
本文对利用光声(PA)现象和电激发热声(TA)现象检测恶性肿瘤进行了数值研究和模拟。本报告是在小尺寸模拟乳腺组织。此外,还考虑了乳房的不同层数。因此,可以依靠结果数据的值和特征来比较两种方法。选择了一个单一的合适的模拟平台,这是市售的有限元软件(COMSOL®)。通过该平台,我们能够对这两种方法进行从增产到繁殖的连续模拟。所有需要的乳房和肿瘤的特征都是准确计算或从可靠的来源获得的。我们可以通过我们定义的场景更详细地研究由此产生的PA和TA波及其变化。
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引用次数: 1
A High-Speed Optical Receiver Front-end for Single Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPADs) 用于单光子雪崩二极管(spad)的高速光接收前端
Pub Date : 2021-12-22 DOI: 10.1109/IICM55040.2021.9730168
Mehrdad Heidari Vincheh, S. Saeedi
A single-ended negative capacitor (SNC) circuit in CMOS technology is presented in this paper. Using this circuit, the effect of parasitic capacitances and quenching time (TQ) of single photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) can be reduced. To demonstrate efficiency of the proposed technique, two different quenching circuits are designed and simulated. In these simulations, a behavioral model in VerilogA is introduced. Simulation results show that the quenching time is reduced by 38% and 74% in the circuits by employing the proposed SNC topology.
介绍了一种采用CMOS技术的单端负极电容电路。利用该电路可以减小寄生电容和单光子雪崩二极管(spad)的猝灭时间(TQ)的影响。为了证明该技术的有效性,设计了两种不同的淬火电路并进行了仿真。在这些仿真中,引入了VerilogA中的行为模型。仿真结果表明,采用SNC拓扑后,电路的淬火时间分别缩短了38%和74%。
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引用次数: 0
Design of a 3-state Unit Cell for DMTL Phase Shifters DMTL移相器三态单元电池的设计
Pub Date : 2021-12-22 DOI: 10.1109/IICM55040.2021.9730225
M. M. Teymoori, S. M. Mirebrahimi, M. Dousti
A novel 3-state unit cell for distributed MEMS transmission line (DMTL) phase shifters is designed and simulated in this paper. The proposed structure consists of a coplanar waveguide transmission line, a MEMS and two-pair metal-air-metal bridges. The bridges are actuated respectively in three different modes which produce three different phase shifts. The structure is simulated using HFSS software. Based on the simulation results, the return loss in all 3 states is better than -10dB and the phase shift is in good agreement with ideal values. The designed unit cell is very suitable for 5-bit and 6-bit DMTL phase shifters.
本文设计并仿真了一种用于分布式MEMS传输线(DMTL)移相器的新型三态单元电池。该结构由共面波导传输线、微机电系统和两对金属-空气-金属电桥组成。电桥分别以三种不同的模式驱动,产生三种不同的相移。采用HFSS软件对结构进行了仿真。仿真结果表明,三种状态下的回波损耗均优于-10dB,相移与理想值吻合较好。所设计的单元电池非常适用于5位和6位DMTL移相器。
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引用次数: 0
A 280mv Input Fast Transient Startup Charge Pump with a 4 Phase Ring Oscillator for Energy Harvesting Applications 一个280毫伏输入快速瞬态启动电荷泵与一个4相环形振荡器的能量收集应用
Pub Date : 2021-12-22 DOI: 10.1109/IICM55040.2021.9730438
Vahid Seif, A. Jannesari
A six-stage 4-branch startup charge pump for energy harvesting application is presented. Using dynamic body biasing techniques on NMOS Charge transfer switches (CTS's) and applying boosted gate control scheme on PMOS CTS's, raise the charge transferability of structure in the subthreshold region. Furthermore, an ultra-low power quadrature phase generator provides clock signals of 4 pumping branches in the frequency of 5.09MHz. The proposed 6 stage charge pump circuit is designed in a standard 0.18 μm CMOS process with120 pF and 20 pF, total pumping capacitance and load capacitance, respectively. The output voltage of the proposed structure can rise from 300mv to 1.99v within 135ns. With a conversion efficiency of 94.7%, the minimum startup voltage of the proposed charge pump is 280mv.
介绍了一种用于能量收集的六级四支路启动电荷泵。在NMOS电荷转移开关上采用动态体偏置技术,并在PMOS电荷转移开关上采用升压门控制方案,提高了结构在阈下区域的电荷可转移性。超低功率正交相位发生器提供4个抽运支路的时钟信号,频率为5.09MHz。所提出的6级电荷泵电路采用标准的0.18 μm CMOS工艺设计,总泵浦电容为120 pF,负载电容为20 pF。该结构的输出电压可以在135ns内从300mv上升到1.99v。该充电泵的最小启动电压为280mv,转换效率为94.7%。
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引用次数: 0
A Low-Power Variable-Resolution Asynchronous Analog-to-Digital Converter 一种低功耗可变分辨率异步模数转换器
Pub Date : 2021-12-22 DOI: 10.1109/IICM55040.2021.9730346
A. Zanjani, M. Jalali
In this paper, a new power-efficient Variable Resolution Level-Crossing Analog-to-Digital Converter (LC-ADC) is proposed equipped with a regulating feedback network. The feedback network assesses the input signal activity and regulates the sampling rate continuously to prevent excessive sampling, especially for the fast-moving portions of the input signal. While the evaluation process is performed by a charge pump, another multi-level comparator and switching network are responsible for applying the results. Therefore, the quantization window is dynamically configured according to the signal activity. As a result, designing the other building blocks of the proposed LC-ADC is relaxed regarding the speed and power requirements leading to higher power efficiency. Implemented in a 0.18 μm standard CMOS process, the proposed LC-ADC occupies ~0.0041 mm2 of silicon area and consumes ~18 nW from 1 V supply voltage. Assuming a 1 kHz full-scale input sinusoidal signal, it achieves an average signal-to-noise and distortion ratio (SNDR) of ~43 dB and an effective number of bits (ENOB) of ~6.8 bits.
本文提出了一种新型的低功耗变分辨率平交模数转换器(LC-ADC),该转换器配备了调节反馈网络。反馈网络评估输入信号的活动并连续调节采样率,以防止过度采样,特别是对输入信号的快速移动部分。当评估过程由电荷泵执行时,另一个多级比较器和交换网络负责应用结果。因此,量化窗口是根据信号活动动态配置的。因此,设计所提议的LC-ADC的其他构建模块在速度和功率要求方面是宽松的,从而导致更高的功率效率。该LC-ADC采用0.18 μm标准CMOS工艺,硅面积约为0.0041 mm2,电源电压为1 V时功耗约为18 nW。假设输入1 kHz满量程正弦信号,它的平均信噪比和失真比(SNDR)为~43 dB,有效比特数(ENOB)为~6.8 bits。
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引用次数: 0
A Wideband Low-Noise Inductor less CMOS Active Mixer With Improved Linearity 改进线性度的宽带低噪声无电感CMOS有源混频器
Pub Date : 2021-12-22 DOI: 10.1109/IICM55040.2021.9730140
Hesam Abbasi, M. Yavari
This paper presents a CMOS active inductorless downconversion mixer for zero-IF receivers. The structure implements the 1M2 injection and derivative superposition techniques to improve the linearity. Nonlinear currents are generated by auxiliary transistors and they are injected to the nonlinear currents of the input transistors into increase the second-order input intercept point (IIP2) and third-order input intercept point (IIP3) values of the mixer. Common-Gate structure is used in the RF input stage. To reduce the noise contribution of the input transistors, a noise cancellation technique is employed. The proposed mixer is designed in 65 nm CMOS technology and simulated using Spectre-RF in Cadence. The simulation results show 8.34 dB, 6.81 dB, and 4.15 dB on average improvement for IIP2, IIP3, and NF, respectively, in the 0.8-5 GHz input frequency range. The proposed mixer consumes 13.95 mW power which is 64.1% more than the conventional CMOS active mixer.
提出了一种用于零中频接收机的CMOS有源无电感下变频混频器。该结构实现了1M2注入和导数叠加技术,以提高线性度。非线性电流由辅助晶体管产生,注入到输入晶体管的非线性电流中,以增加混频器的二阶输入截点(IIP2)和三阶输入截点(IIP3)值。射频输入级采用共门结构。为了降低输入晶体管的噪声贡献,采用了噪声消除技术。所提出的混频器采用65nm CMOS技术设计,并在Cadence中使用Spectre-RF进行仿真。仿真结果表明,在0.8 ~ 5 GHz输入频率范围内,IIP2、IIP3和NF分别平均提高了8.34 dB、6.81 dB和4.15 dB。该混合器功耗为13.95 mW,比传统CMOS有源混合器功耗高64.1%。
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引用次数: 1
A Low-Power Low-Noise Neural Recording Amplifier With Improved Telescopic-Cascode OTA 基于改进望远镜- cascode OTA的低功耗低噪声神经记录放大器
Pub Date : 2021-12-22 DOI: 10.1109/IICM55040.2021.9730196
Mohammad-Amin Mohtasham-Nia, M. Yavari
In this paper, a fully-differential low-power low-noise neural recording amplifier with a novel recycling telescopic-cascode (RTC) operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) is presented. In the proposed RTC-OTA, the current recycling and positive feedback cross-coupled transistors are utilized to significantly improve the OTA's parameters such as DC gain and unity gain bandwidth. The gain enhancement also improves the linearity in the closed-loop structure. Extensive analytical calculations and simulation results using the $boldsymbol{0.18-mu mathrm{m}}$ TSMC CMOS process are provided to evaluate the usefulness of the proposed OTA. The simulated neural recording amplifier achieves 4.46 $boldsymbol{mu mathrm{V}_{text{rms}}}$ input-referred noise over 1 Hz-10 kHz bandwidth, 1.82 noise efficiency factor, -46 dB total harmonic distortion (THD) for an 18 $boldsymbol{text{mV}_{text{pp}}}$, 1kHz sinusoidal input. The power consumption is 2.25 $boldsymbol{mu mathrm{W}}$ from a 1.8-V voltage supply.
提出了一种采用新型循环伸缩级联码(RTC)跨导运算放大器的全差分低功耗低噪声神经记录放大器。在RTC-OTA中,利用电流回收和正反馈交叉耦合晶体管,显著提高了OTA的直流增益和单位增益带宽等参数。增益增强还改善了闭环结构的线性度。使用$boldsymbol{0.18-mu mathrm{m}}$ TSMC CMOS工艺提供了广泛的分析计算和仿真结果,以评估所提出的OTA的有效性。仿真神经记录放大器在1hz - 10khz带宽范围内实现4.46 $boldsymbol{mu maththrm {V}_{text{rms}}}$输入参考噪声,噪声效率系数为1.82,总谐波失真(THD)为-46 dB,输入频率为18 $boldsymbol{text{mV}_{text{pp}}}$, 1kHz。功耗为2.25 $boldsymbol{mu mathrm{W}}$,来自1.8 v电压电源。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2021 Iranian International Conference on Microelectronics (IICM)
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