Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2024.118264
Yang Zhao , Fei Wang , Yufeng Yan , Shuangfeng Fang , Baihang Cai , Jin Huang , Xinru Gong , Jian Hu , Li Liu , Hengyuan Hu , Yudan Zhang , Ziqi Cai , Qing Yan , Yong Wang , Liang Qiao , Minglei Yan
Capacitive deionization (CDI) technology, based on the electric field ion capture mechanism, holds significant application prospects for purifying copper ions (Cu2+) from industrial wastewater. The development of electrode materials is crucial for enhancing capacitive Cu2+ removal. Herein, the three-dimensional nanoporous carbon network is prepared from agricultural waste rice husk using basic zinc carbonate as the pyrolytic activator. It is found that the ZnO site-occupying effect, stemming from the pyrolysis activator, exerts a pronounced regulatory influence on the porous structure of carbon network. The carbon electrode exhibits a satisfactory specific capacitance of 256.2 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1. More importantly, the assembled symmetrical CDI cell demonstrates an excellent electrochemical adsorption capacity of 60.5 mg g−1 for Cu2+. Such exceptional capacitive deionization performance can be attributed to the synergistic effect of the electrochemical double-layer and electrochemical reduction during the adsorption process of Cu2+. Thus, this research offers a promising strategy for efficient wastewater treatment.
基于电场离子捕获机制的电容式去离子（CDI）技术在净化工业废水中的铜离子（Cu2+）方面具有广阔的应用前景。电极材料的开发对于提高电容式 Cu2+ 去除率至关重要。本文以碱式碳酸锌为热解活化剂，利用农业废弃稻壳制备了三维纳米多孔碳网络。研究发现，热解活化剂产生的氧化锌占位效应对碳网络的多孔结构产生了明显的调节作用。在 0.5 A g-1 的条件下，碳电极表现出令人满意的 256.2 F g-1 比电容。更重要的是，组装好的对称 CDI 电池对 Cu2+ 的电化学吸附容量高达 60.5 mg g-1。这种优异的电容去离子性能可归因于吸附 Cu2+ 过程中电化学双层和电化学还原的协同效应。因此，这项研究为高效处理废水提供了一种前景广阔的策略。
{"title":"ZnO site-occupying effect assisted regulation of nanoporous carbon network to enhance capacitive deionization for copper ions removal","authors":"Yang Zhao , Fei Wang , Yufeng Yan , Shuangfeng Fang , Baihang Cai , Jin Huang , Xinru Gong , Jian Hu , Li Liu , Hengyuan Hu , Yudan Zhang , Ziqi Cai , Qing Yan , Yong Wang , Liang Qiao , Minglei Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118264","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118264","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Capacitive deionization (CDI) technology, based on the electric field ion capture mechanism, holds significant application prospects for purifying copper ions (Cu<sup>2+</sup>) from industrial wastewater. The development of electrode materials is crucial for enhancing capacitive Cu<sup>2+</sup> removal. Herein, the three-dimensional nanoporous carbon network is prepared from agricultural waste rice husk using basic zinc carbonate as the pyrolytic activator. It is found that the ZnO site-occupying effect, stemming from the pyrolysis activator, exerts a pronounced regulatory influence on the porous structure of carbon network. The carbon electrode exhibits a satisfactory specific capacitance of 256.2 F g<sup>−1</sup> at 0.5 A g<sup>−1</sup>. More importantly, the assembled symmetrical CDI cell demonstrates an excellent electrochemical adsorption capacity of 60.5 mg g<sup>−1</sup> for Cu<sup>2+</sup>. Such exceptional capacitive deionization performance can be attributed to the synergistic effect of the electrochemical double-layer and electrochemical reduction during the adsorption process of Cu<sup>2+</sup>. Thus, this research offers a promising strategy for efficient wastewater treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"594 ","pages":"Article 118264"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oxygen evolution reaction (OER), as a half-reaction of water decomposition, has a high theoretical overpotential. Therefore, the development of electrocatalysts with high OER performance is favorable for electrolytic hydrogen production. In situ growth of nanomaterials on conductive substrates is an effective strategy for the preparation of electrocatalysts. In this work, we grew Ni/Co bimetallic metal-organic framework (MOF) on carbon cloth substrates and successfully constructed a robust NiCo2S4/FeS@CC electrocatalyst through a MOF derivatization strategy. This electrocatalyst can be used for efficient and robust OER performance. MOF-derived NiCo2S4/FeS has the advantage of a porous heterostructure and multicomponent with many active sites and faster charge transfer rate, while sulfur doping greatly improves the OER performance. The current density of this self-supported heterogeneous material in alkaline freshwater reaches up to 10 mA cm−2 with an overpotential of only 238 mV. NiCo2S4/FeS@CC exhibited good OER performance in alkaline brine with an overpotential of only 241 mV at 10 mA cm−2. We speculate that this is due to the generation of a negatively charged SO42− anionic layer on the catalyst surface during the electrooxidation process, which effectively avoids Cl− corrosion. And both conditions demonstrate excellent long time stability. Additionally, we succeeded in further reducing the onset potential and energy consumption by adding ethanol or methanol to the electrolyte. This work provides an effective method to improve the OER performance of MOF-derived transition metal electrocatalysts for hydrogen production from electrolytic water.
氧进化反应（OER）作为水分解的半反应，具有很高的理论过电位。因此，开发具有高 OER 性能的电催化剂有利于电解制氢。在导电基底上原位生长纳米材料是制备电催化剂的有效策略。在这项工作中，我们在碳布基底上生长了 Ni/Co 双金属金属有机框架 (MOF)，并通过 MOF 衍生策略成功构建了一种坚固的 NiCo2S4/FeS@CC 电催化剂。这种电催化剂可用于实现高效、稳定的 OER 性能。MOF 衍生的 NiCo2S4/FeS 具有多孔异质结构和多组分的优点，活性位点多，电荷转移速率快，而硫掺杂则大大提高了 OER 性能。这种自支撑异质材料在碱性淡水中的电流密度高达 10 mA cm-2，过电位仅为 238 mV。NiCo2S4/FeS@CC 在碱性盐水中表现出良好的 OER 性能，10 mA cm-2 时过电位仅为 241 mV。我们推测这是由于在电氧化过程中催化剂表面生成了带负电荷的 SO42- 阴离子层，从而有效地避免了 Cl- 的腐蚀。这两种条件都表现出了极佳的长期稳定性。此外，我们还通过在电解液中添加乙醇或甲醇，成功地进一步降低了起始电位和能耗。这项工作为提高 MOF 衍生过渡金属电催化剂的 OER 性能提供了一种有效的方法，可用于电解水制氢。
{"title":"MOF-derived NiCo2S4/FeS heterostructures with built-in electric field for enhanced electrooxidation in freshwater/ brine /ethanol/methanol","authors":"Jiapeng Wang, Hua-Bin Yuan, Yongxuan Xiang, Lili Xing, Xinpeng Chen, Yifeng Wang, Jiazhuang Chen, Guoqiang Chen, Tieling Xing","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oxygen evolution reaction (OER), as a half-reaction of water decomposition, has a high theoretical overpotential. Therefore, the development of electrocatalysts with high OER performance is favorable for electrolytic hydrogen production. In situ growth of nanomaterials on conductive substrates is an effective strategy for the preparation of electrocatalysts. In this work, we grew Ni/Co bimetallic metal-organic framework (MOF) on carbon cloth substrates and successfully constructed a robust NiCo<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>/FeS@CC electrocatalyst through a MOF derivatization strategy. This electrocatalyst can be used for efficient and robust OER performance. MOF-derived NiCo<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>/FeS has the advantage of a porous heterostructure and multicomponent with many active sites and faster charge transfer rate, while sulfur doping greatly improves the OER performance. The current density of this self-supported heterogeneous material in alkaline freshwater reaches up to 10 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> with an overpotential of only 238 mV. NiCo<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>/FeS@CC exhibited good OER performance in alkaline brine with an overpotential of only 241 mV at 10 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>. We speculate that this is due to the generation of a negatively charged SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> anionic layer on the catalyst surface during the electrooxidation process, which effectively avoids Cl<sup>−</sup> corrosion. And both conditions demonstrate excellent long time stability. Additionally, we succeeded in further reducing the onset potential and energy consumption by adding ethanol or methanol to the electrolyte. This work provides an effective method to improve the OER performance of MOF-derived transition metal electrocatalysts for hydrogen production from electrolytic water.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"594 ","pages":"Article 118253"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-31DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2024.118245
Mohammadreza Jamali, Omid Bavi
The scarcity of freshwater sources and the global demand for drinking water have spurred researchers worldwide to develop new and efficient desalination and water purification technologies. One promising method is desalination using aquaporin (AQP) channels, which are highly regarded for their biocompatibility and exceptional desalination efficiency. However, there is limited information on the mechanical behavior of these proteins under operational loads and how they maintain their function and resilience over time. This research employs all-atom molecular dynamics simulation to calculate the mechanical properties of the channels at the nanoscale. It also uses the finite element method to analyze the behavior of channels in vesicles embedded in composite plates at the macroscale under operational loads and conditions. Our research shows that the force on vesicle walls changes considerably with applied pressure, peaking at 14 pN at 55 bar. This variability highlights the need to carefully assess the weakest parts of the nanochannels, especially the helices HB and H1, which are susceptible to high strain and possible unfolding under extended stress. The results indicate the force tolerance threshold of the subsystems, guiding the application of appropriate force conditions for optimal performance and long-term system maintenance. Beyond desalination systems, the findings offer useful information for researchers working with aquaporin nanochannels in applications such as targeted drug release systems based on protein nanovalves, solid-state sequencing systems, and more.
{"title":"Aquaporin channels in desalination: Mechanical properties and operational load analysis","authors":"Mohammadreza Jamali, Omid Bavi","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The scarcity of freshwater sources and the global demand for drinking water have spurred researchers worldwide to develop new and efficient desalination and water purification technologies. One promising method is desalination using aquaporin (AQP) channels, which are highly regarded for their biocompatibility and exceptional desalination efficiency. However, there is limited information on the mechanical behavior of these proteins under operational loads and how they maintain their function and resilience over time. This research employs all-atom molecular dynamics simulation to calculate the mechanical properties of the channels at the nanoscale. It also uses the finite element method to analyze the behavior of channels in vesicles embedded in composite plates at the macroscale under operational loads and conditions. Our research shows that the force on vesicle walls changes considerably with applied pressure, peaking at 14 pN at 55 bar. This variability highlights the need to carefully assess the weakest parts of the nanochannels, especially the helices HB and H1, which are susceptible to high strain and possible unfolding under extended stress. The results indicate the force tolerance threshold of the subsystems, guiding the application of appropriate force conditions for optimal performance and long-term system maintenance. Beyond desalination systems, the findings offer useful information for researchers working with aquaporin nanochannels in applications such as targeted drug release systems based on protein nanovalves, solid-state sequencing systems, and more.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"594 ","pages":"Article 118245"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-30DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2024.118258
Hai Huang , Qin Du , He Sun , Sanchuan Yu , Hongwei Lu , Congjie Gao
This research addresses the critical issue of deteriorated polyamide (PA) reverse osmosis (RO) membranes, whose efficiency and lifespan are significantly reduced by fouling and chlorine exposure. To combat these challenges, an innovative solution was developed, combining polyethyleneimine (PEI) grafting and zwitterion construction under mild aqueous conditions at room temperature, tailored for large-scale industrial applications. The restoration process starts with the covalent bonding of branched PEI, rich in amine groups, to the damaged membrane surfaces through amidation targeting the primary amine groups of PEI and the carboxyl groups on the membranes. The process continues with tertiary amination using dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide (DMA), which introduces additional tertiary amine moieties, and concludes with quaternization and sulfonation using sodium 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropanesulfonate (SCHPS) to form a robust zwitterionic structure. This dual modification significantly enhances NaCl rejection from 94.1 % to 98.2 % and improves the membrane's resistance to both fouling and chlorine, thus extending its operational lifespan. Evaluations confirm the enhancements in hydrophilicity and charge neutrality effectively prevent pollutant adhesion and mitigate environmental degradation, presenting a potential practical and efficient solution for prolonging the usability of RO membranes in industrial and environmental settings.
{"title":"Enhanced restoration and durability of deteriorated polyamide reverse osmosis membranes through sequential polyethyleneimine grafting and zwitterion construction","authors":"Hai Huang , Qin Du , He Sun , Sanchuan Yu , Hongwei Lu , Congjie Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118258","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118258","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research addresses the critical issue of deteriorated polyamide (PA) reverse osmosis (RO) membranes, whose efficiency and lifespan are significantly reduced by fouling and chlorine exposure. To combat these challenges, an innovative solution was developed, combining polyethyleneimine (PEI) grafting and zwitterion construction under mild aqueous conditions at room temperature, tailored for large-scale industrial applications. The restoration process starts with the covalent bonding of branched PEI, rich in amine groups, to the damaged membrane surfaces through amidation targeting the primary amine groups of PEI and the carboxyl groups on the membranes. The process continues with tertiary amination using dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide (DMA), which introduces additional tertiary amine moieties, and concludes with quaternization and sulfonation using sodium 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropanesulfonate (SCHPS) to form a robust zwitterionic structure. This dual modification significantly enhances NaCl rejection from 94.1 % to 98.2 % and improves the membrane's resistance to both fouling and chlorine, thus extending its operational lifespan. Evaluations confirm the enhancements in hydrophilicity and charge neutrality effectively prevent pollutant adhesion and mitigate environmental degradation, presenting a potential practical and efficient solution for prolonging the usability of RO membranes in industrial and environmental settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"593 ","pages":"Article 118258"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-30DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2024.118255
Young Jin Lee, Dae Yeon Kim, Kyung Hyun Ahn
Predicting and mitigating pore clogging is challenging for the sustainable operation of water treatment systems. During transport and filtration through membrane micropores, buoyant contaminants in water gradually deposit on the surface, reducing the membrane's lifespan and performance, and sometimes completely blocking the pores. To alleviate the negative effects of fouling and to ensure sustainable operation, it is necessary to understand the fundamental mechanisms of fouling and to predict the probability of fouling formation under specific geometrical and material conditions. In this study, multiscale simulations are conducted to understand the fundamental mechanisms of particulate fouling at a microscopic level based on a Lagrangian framework incorporating inter-particle hydrodynamic interactions. We investigate both dead-end and cross-flow filtration, considering the direction of the feed stream relative to the unit micropore. The results elucidate the quantitative background of fouling history, which agrees with experimental findings. Depending on the level of hydrodynamic stress specific to the clog location and the nature of inter-particle interactions, deformation or resuspension of the clog is observed, competing with deposition, which leads to a two-way fouling history. Dominant deposition leads to micropore clogging, and to the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to observe complete blockage and subsequent reopening. With this approach, the microscopic backgrounds between permanent and temporary pore blocking are distinguished. This study is expected to provide useful insights for controlling operational conditions to optimize anti-fouling performance in the transport and filtration through micropores.
{"title":"Particulate fouling simulation in unit micropore using a hydrodynamically coupled Lagrangian framework","authors":"Young Jin Lee, Dae Yeon Kim, Kyung Hyun Ahn","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118255","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Predicting and mitigating pore clogging is challenging for the sustainable operation of water treatment systems. During transport and filtration through membrane micropores, buoyant contaminants in water gradually deposit on the surface, reducing the membrane's lifespan and performance, and sometimes completely blocking the pores. To alleviate the negative effects of fouling and to ensure sustainable operation, it is necessary to understand the fundamental mechanisms of fouling and to predict the probability of fouling formation under specific geometrical and material conditions. In this study, multiscale simulations are conducted to understand the fundamental mechanisms of particulate fouling at a microscopic level based on a Lagrangian framework incorporating inter-particle hydrodynamic interactions. We investigate both dead-end and cross-flow filtration, considering the direction of the feed stream relative to the unit micropore. The results elucidate the quantitative background of fouling history, which agrees with experimental findings. Depending on the level of hydrodynamic stress specific to the clog location and the nature of inter-particle interactions, deformation or resuspension of the clog is observed, competing with deposition, which leads to a two-way fouling history. Dominant deposition leads to micropore clogging, and to the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to observe complete blockage and subsequent reopening. With this approach, the microscopic backgrounds between permanent and temporary pore blocking are distinguished. This study is expected to provide useful insights for controlling operational conditions to optimize anti-fouling performance in the transport and filtration through micropores.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"593 ","pages":"Article 118255"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-30DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2024.118257
Xiong Yang , Jianhan Xiong , Liwen Cao , Yi Zhang , Pan Wu , Yafei Shi , Huiqin Zhang , Kewu Pi , Guohong Qiu
Traditional electrochemical methods to treat acidic chromium-containing wastewater are often faced with various challenges such as low efficiency, electrode corrosion, and sludge generation. This study proposed a novel method of electrochemical reduction coupled with in-situ precipitation to overcome these drawbacks, and utilized amidoxime-functionalized electrodes to enhance Cr(VI) removal efficiency. The influence of pH and current density and the electrode reusability were also investigated. The results showed that the electrochemical reduction ratio of Cr(VI) on carbon felt cathode increased from 39.5 % to 99.2 % after functionalization with amidoxime groups due to their hydrophilicity and positive electric effect. Concurrently, the generated Cr(III) was hydrolytically precipitated on the cathode even in an acidic bulk solution, resulting in a Cr(T) removal ratio of 87.4 %. Electrochemical H2O-splitting and O2 reduction created a local environment of alkaline solution, where Cr(OH)3 became supersaturated. Increases in both the solution acidity (pH 1.75–3.00) and applied current density (0–12.5 A m−2) accelerated the reduction rate of Cr(VI), but first increased and then decreased the cathodic precipitation ratio of Cr(III). The electrodes could be repeatedly reused and regenerated through dissolving the insulated precipitates using diluted hydrochloric acid. This study provides a promising strategy to remove Cr(VI) from acidic wastewaters.
{"title":"One-step electrochemical reduction and precipitation removal of Cr(VI) in acid wastewaters using amidoxime-functionalized carbon felt","authors":"Xiong Yang , Jianhan Xiong , Liwen Cao , Yi Zhang , Pan Wu , Yafei Shi , Huiqin Zhang , Kewu Pi , Guohong Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118257","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118257","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional electrochemical methods to treat acidic chromium-containing wastewater are often faced with various challenges such as low efficiency, electrode corrosion, and sludge generation. This study proposed a novel method of electrochemical reduction coupled with in-situ precipitation to overcome these drawbacks, and utilized amidoxime-functionalized electrodes to enhance Cr(VI) removal efficiency. The influence of pH and current density and the electrode reusability were also investigated. The results showed that the electrochemical reduction ratio of Cr(VI) on carbon felt cathode increased from 39.5 % to 99.2 % after functionalization with amidoxime groups due to their hydrophilicity and positive electric effect. Concurrently, the generated Cr(III) was hydrolytically precipitated on the cathode even in an acidic bulk solution, resulting in a Cr(T) removal ratio of 87.4 %. Electrochemical H<sub>2</sub>O-splitting and O<sub>2</sub> reduction created a local environment of alkaline solution, where Cr(OH)<sub>3</sub> became supersaturated. Increases in both the solution acidity (pH 1.75–3.00) and applied current density (0–12.5 A m<sup>−2</sup>) accelerated the reduction rate of Cr(VI), but first increased and then decreased the cathodic precipitation ratio of Cr(III). The electrodes could be repeatedly reused and regenerated through dissolving the insulated precipitates using diluted hydrochloric acid. This study provides a promising strategy to remove Cr(VI) from acidic wastewaters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"593 ","pages":"Article 118257"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-30DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2024.118219
Nazanin Chitgar, Mohtada Sadrzadeh
The synergy between hydrogen and water is crucial in moving towards a sustainable energy future. This study explores the integration of geothermal energy with desalination and hydrogen production systems to address water and clean energy demands. Two configurations, one using multi-effect distillation (MED) and the other reverse osmosis (RO), were designed and compared. Both configurations utilized geothermal energy, with MED directly using geothermal heat and RO converting geothermal energy into electricity to power desalination. The systems are evaluated based on various performance indicators, including net power output, desalinated water production, hydrogen production, exergy efficiency, and levelized costs. Multi-objective optimization using an artificial neural network (ANN) and genetic algorithm (GA) was conducted to identify optimal operational conditions. Results highlighted that the RO-based system demonstrated higher water production efficiency, achieving a broader range of optimal solutions and lower levelized costs of water (LCOW) and hydrogen production, while the MED-based system offered economic advantages under specific conditions. A case study focused on Canada illustrated the potential benefits of these systems in supporting hydrogen-powered vehicles and residential water needs, emphasizing the significant impact of using high-quality desalinated water to enhance the longevity and efficiency of proton exchange membrane electrolyzers (PEME). This research provides valuable insights into the optimal use of geothermal energy for sustainable water and hydrogen production.
氢与水之间的协同作用对于迈向可持续能源的未来至关重要。本研究探讨了地热能与海水淡化和制氢系统的整合，以满足水和清洁能源的需求。设计并比较了两种配置，一种使用多效蒸馏（MED），另一种使用反渗透（RO）。两种配置都利用了地热能，MED 直接利用地热，而 RO 则将地热能转化为电力，为海水淡化提供动力。根据各种性能指标对系统进行了评估，包括净输出功率、淡化水产量、氢气产量、放能效率和平准化成本。使用人工神经网络（ANN）和遗传算法（GA）进行了多目标优化，以确定最佳运行条件。结果表明，基于反渗透技术的系统具有更高的制水效率，可实现更广泛的最佳解决方案，并降低水（LCOW）和制氢的平准化成本，而基于 MED 技术的系统在特定条件下具有经济优势。一项以加拿大为重点的案例研究说明了这些系统在支持氢动力汽车和居民用水需求方面的潜在优势，强调了使用优质淡化水提高质子交换膜电解槽（PEME）的寿命和效率的重大影响。这项研究为地热能在可持续水和氢气生产中的最佳利用提供了宝贵的见解。
{"title":"Optimizing sustainable energy systems: A comparative study of geothermal-powered desalination for green hydrogen production","authors":"Nazanin Chitgar, Mohtada Sadrzadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118219","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118219","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The synergy between hydrogen and water is crucial in moving towards a sustainable energy future. This study explores the integration of geothermal energy with desalination and hydrogen production systems to address water and clean energy demands. Two configurations, one using multi-effect distillation (MED) and the other reverse osmosis (RO), were designed and compared. Both configurations utilized geothermal energy, with MED directly using geothermal heat and RO converting geothermal energy into electricity to power desalination. The systems are evaluated based on various performance indicators, including net power output, desalinated water production, hydrogen production, exergy efficiency, and levelized costs. Multi-objective optimization using an artificial neural network (ANN) and genetic algorithm (GA) was conducted to identify optimal operational conditions. Results highlighted that the RO-based system demonstrated higher water production efficiency, achieving a broader range of optimal solutions and lower levelized costs of water (LCOW) and hydrogen production, while the MED-based system offered economic advantages under specific conditions. A case study focused on Canada illustrated the potential benefits of these systems in supporting hydrogen-powered vehicles and residential water needs, emphasizing the significant impact of using high-quality desalinated water to enhance the longevity and efficiency of proton exchange membrane electrolyzers (PEME). This research provides valuable insights into the optimal use of geothermal energy for sustainable water and hydrogen production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"593 ","pages":"Article 118219"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142554170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-29DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2024.118252
Jianfeng Ran , Benkang Zhai , Jiaping Zhao , Shiwei Li , Haisheng Duan , Ying Chen , Shaohua Yin , Libo Zhang , Zulai Li
4-Hydroxybenzoic acid (4-HBA), as a gibbsite dissolution inhibitor and typical personal care products (PPCPs), seriously troubles radioactive waste disposal and environmental safety. This work studies the degradation mechanism of 4-HBA in ultrasonic-assisted ozonation in strongly alkaline and high-salt solutions, and comprehensively evaluates its environmental lifetime. Ultrasonic can significantly increase the effect of ozone by 1.52 times, making the degradation rate of 4-HBA reach 63.49 % within 60 min. The better electrochemical performance indicates that the redox reaction between US/O3 system and 4-HBA is more prominent. Experimental analysis and density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that the effects of OH, 1O2, O2−, and others on the degradation of 4-HBA are 56.6 %, 17.8 %, 22.1 %, and 3.5 % respectively, and HO3 is the most important precursor for OH evolution. Mechanistic exploration and DFT calculations show that degradation behavior of 4-HBA in strongly alkaline and high-salt solutions, i.e., decarboxylation reaction, ring opening, hydroxylation, aldol condensation, and hydrogenation, is significantly different from acidic or neutral solutions. Based on the environmental lifetime assessment of the intermediate product, US/O3 technology can help reduce the toxicity of 4-HBA. The US/O3 process is used to remove 4-HBA from strongly alkaline and high-salt solutions, which has huge potential economic benefits in the fields of nuclear waste chemistry and environment.
{"title":"Oxidation of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid in strongly alkaline and high-salt solutions via ultrasonic-assisted ozone: Helping radioactive waste disposal and environmental safety","authors":"Jianfeng Ran , Benkang Zhai , Jiaping Zhao , Shiwei Li , Haisheng Duan , Ying Chen , Shaohua Yin , Libo Zhang , Zulai Li","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118252","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118252","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>4-Hydroxybenzoic acid (4-HBA), as a gibbsite dissolution inhibitor and typical personal care products (PPCPs), seriously troubles radioactive waste disposal and environmental safety. This work studies the degradation mechanism of 4-HBA in ultrasonic-assisted ozonation in strongly alkaline and high-salt solutions, and comprehensively evaluates its environmental lifetime. Ultrasonic can significantly increase the effect of ozone by 1.52 times, making the degradation rate of 4-HBA reach 63.49 % within 60 min. The better electrochemical performance indicates that the redox reaction between US/O<sub>3</sub> system and 4-HBA is more prominent. Experimental analysis and density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that the effects of <img>OH, <sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub>, O<sub>2</sub><img><sup>−</sup>, and others on the degradation of 4-HBA are 56.6 %, 17.8 %, 22.1 %, and 3.5 % respectively, and HO<sub>3</sub><img> is the most important precursor for <img>OH evolution. Mechanistic exploration and DFT calculations show that degradation behavior of 4-HBA in strongly alkaline and high-salt solutions, i.e., decarboxylation reaction, ring opening, hydroxylation, aldol condensation, and hydrogenation, is significantly different from acidic or neutral solutions. Based on the environmental lifetime assessment of the intermediate product, US/O<sub>3</sub> technology can help reduce the toxicity of 4-HBA. The US/O<sub>3</sub> process is used to remove 4-HBA from strongly alkaline and high-salt solutions, which has huge potential economic benefits in the fields of nuclear waste chemistry and environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"593 ","pages":"Article 118252"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-29DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2024.118256
Weike Wang , Chuang Ma , Zhen Jia , Qian Chen , Rongrong Zhang , Xuelian Zhang , Jiankang Zhu , Chengbing Wang
Co-generation of drinkable water and electricity through interface solar steam generation process is gradually becoming the preferred strategy to solve the current energy shortage and freshwater resources crisis. Inspired by the biological channel structures, flexible carbonized TiO2@Co-MOF nickel foam (CTCNF) based photothermal material with hierarchical nano-arrays structure is successfully fabricated on nickel foam surfaces by atomic layer deposition combined with an ingenious carbonization scheme, which endows CTCNF with combined excellent abilities including seawater desalination, evaporation-induced electricity generation, and wastewater purification, that is a three-in-one photothermal configuration. With the synergistic photothermal effect and hierarchical structure, CTCNF achieves a solar absorption efficiency of 93.65 %. Moreover, benefiting from its abundant oxygen- and nitrogen- containing functional groups, CTCNF not only possesses excellent hydrophilicity and salt resistance, but also reduces the water evaporation enthalpy (from 2453.3 J g−1 to 1378.6 J g−1). Importantly, combined with ingenious design of the evaporation device, CTCNF not only capture energy from environment during the evaporation process, with an evaporation rate of 3.60 kg m−2 h−1 and an evaporation efficiency of 109.9 % under 1 sun, but also obtains an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 151.15 mV. This enriches the design ideas of high-performance photothermal materials for efficient co-generation of drinkable water and electricity.
{"title":"Hierarchical TiO2-coated metal-organic framework-derived carbon material for efficient co-generation of drinkable water and electricity","authors":"Weike Wang , Chuang Ma , Zhen Jia , Qian Chen , Rongrong Zhang , Xuelian Zhang , Jiankang Zhu , Chengbing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118256","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118256","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Co-generation of drinkable water and electricity through interface solar steam generation process is gradually becoming the preferred strategy to solve the current energy shortage and freshwater resources crisis. Inspired by the biological channel structures, flexible carbonized TiO<sub>2</sub>@Co-MOF nickel foam (CTCNF) based photothermal material with hierarchical nano-arrays structure is successfully fabricated on nickel foam surfaces by atomic layer deposition combined with an ingenious carbonization scheme, which endows CTCNF with combined excellent abilities including seawater desalination, evaporation-induced electricity generation, and wastewater purification, that is a three-in-one photothermal configuration. With the synergistic photothermal effect and hierarchical structure, CTCNF achieves a solar absorption efficiency of 93.65 %. Moreover, benefiting from its abundant oxygen- and nitrogen- containing functional groups, CTCNF not only possesses excellent hydrophilicity and salt resistance, but also reduces the water evaporation enthalpy (from 2453.3 J g<sup>−1</sup> to 1378.6 J g<sup>−1</sup>). Importantly, combined with ingenious design of the evaporation device, CTCNF not only capture energy from environment during the evaporation process, with an evaporation rate of 3.60 kg m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> and an evaporation efficiency of 109.9 % under 1 sun, but also obtains an open-circuit voltage (V<sub>oc</sub>) of 151.15 mV. This enriches the design ideas of high-performance photothermal materials for efficient co-generation of drinkable water and electricity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"593 ","pages":"Article 118256"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-29DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2024.118241
Song Lv , Ying Guo , Wenhao Lv , Zhenxi Wang , Yaoyu Pan , Juwen Ren
The shortage of freshwater resources is one of the major challenges that need to be addressed urgently. Solar-powered interfacial evaporation technologies also face problems such as efficient condensation recovery of vapors and inability to evaporate at night. In this work, an all-day evaporation-freshwater harvesting device is designed by coupling solar interfacial evaporation and radiative cooling technologies. The system utilizes passive radiative cooling to accelerate water vapor condensation and, at the same time, meets the nighttime condensation collection of freshwater to improve the efficiency of freshwater collection. The freshwater collection performance of the device was first tested experimentally. According to the experimental results, the device can collect 3.27 kg m−2 of freshwater in a day, and the average collection rates during daytime and nighttime reached 0.24 kg m−2 h−1 and 0.074 kg m−2 h−1, respectively. In addition, a numerical model of systematic all-day evaporation and condensation with freshwater collection was constructed based on the theory of heat and mass transfer and energy conversion, and the accuracy of the numerical model was verified using experimental results. The potential of the evaporation collection device to collect freshwater across China was studied by the verified model using environmental data from typical meteorological years, and analyzed the renewable energy in different regions. Finally, the effects of relative humidity, cloudiness, and convective heat transfer coefficients on the collection of freshwater in the system are discussed, and this work provides important insights into how evaporative collection devices can achieve widespread deployment in the future.
淡水资源短缺是急需解决的主要挑战之一。太阳能界面蒸发技术也面临着蒸汽的有效冷凝回收和无法在夜间蒸发等问题。在这项工作中，通过耦合太阳能界面蒸发和辐射冷却技术，设计了一种全天候蒸发-淡水收集装置。该系统利用被动辐射冷却加速水蒸气凝结，同时满足淡水夜间凝结收集，提高淡水收集效率。首先对该装置的淡水收集性能进行了实验测试。实验结果表明，该装置一天可收集淡水 3.27 kg m-2，白天和夜间的平均收集率分别达到 0.24 kg m-2 h-1 和 0.074 kg m-2 h-1。此外，还根据传热传质和能量转换理论构建了全天候系统蒸发冷凝淡水收集数值模型，并利用实验结果验证了数值模型的准确性。利用典型气象年的环境数据，通过验证后的模型研究了蒸发收集装置在中国各地收集淡水的潜力，并分析了不同地区的可再生能源。最后，讨论了相对湿度、云量和对流传热系数对系统收集淡水的影响，这项工作为蒸发收集装置未来如何实现广泛部署提供了重要启示。
{"title":"Modeling and performance evaluation of radiative cooling-assisted interfacial evaporation for all-day freshwater harvesting","authors":"Song Lv , Ying Guo , Wenhao Lv , Zhenxi Wang , Yaoyu Pan , Juwen Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118241","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118241","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The shortage of freshwater resources is one of the major challenges that need to be addressed urgently. Solar-powered interfacial evaporation technologies also face problems such as efficient condensation recovery of vapors and inability to evaporate at night. In this work, an all-day evaporation-freshwater harvesting device is designed by coupling solar interfacial evaporation and radiative cooling technologies. The system utilizes passive radiative cooling to accelerate water vapor condensation and, at the same time, meets the nighttime condensation collection of freshwater to improve the efficiency of freshwater collection. The freshwater collection performance of the device was first tested experimentally. According to the experimental results, the device can collect 3.27 kg m<sup>−2</sup> of freshwater in a day, and the average collection rates during daytime and nighttime reached 0.24 kg m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> and 0.074 kg m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. In addition, a numerical model of systematic all-day evaporation and condensation with freshwater collection was constructed based on the theory of heat and mass transfer and energy conversion, and the accuracy of the numerical model was verified using experimental results. The potential of the evaporation collection device to collect freshwater across China was studied by the verified model using environmental data from typical meteorological years, and analyzed the renewable energy in different regions. Finally, the effects of relative humidity, cloudiness, and convective heat transfer coefficients on the collection of freshwater in the system are discussed, and this work provides important insights into how evaporative collection devices can achieve widespread deployment in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"593 ","pages":"Article 118241"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142572878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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