Desalination最新文献_第5页

Decipher fouling's microscale hydrodynamic conditions around hollow fiber vibrating membrane 解析中空纤维振动膜周围污垢的微尺度水动力条件

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.119819

Lingping Zhang , Dawei Yu , Shujuan Che , Yuansong Wei

To decipher the microscale hydrodynamic conditions around hollow fiber vibrating membrane and its fouling implications, the surrounding flow field and the resulting yield stress τ₀ on foulant were characterized by combining computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling and large amplitude oscillatory shear (LAOS) measurement, respectively. The characterization was investigated under transverse flow velocities ranging from 0.15 m·s⁻¹ to 0.5 m·s⁻¹ and MLSS up to 15,000 mg·L⁻¹. The CFD results identified a periodic turbulence pattern, the Kármán vortex induced microscale fiber vibration, and periodically elevated the shear forces. LAOS results of a full-scale livestock MBR foulant revealed that a higher vibration frequency (0.75 to 3.04 Hz) fluffed foulant and reduced foulant's yield stress τ₀ by 41.47 % (85.94 to 50.39 Pa), marking the foulant shedding easier. The measured yield stress τ₀ of the foulant directly provided an accurate foulant shedding hydraulic condition, where 2.5 Hz could resuspension 99 % foulant. The vibration loosened foulant could trigger an accelerated foulant shedding through microscale turbulence, namely Kelvin-Helmholtz instability at the microscopic interface. The formation condition is quantified by the Richardson number R_i < 0.21. These boundary layer insights deepened the hydraulic understanding of the microscale interface between mixed liquid and foulant, which will facilitate energy-efficient fouling mitigation.

为了揭示中空纤维振动膜周围的微观水动力条件及其污染意义，采用计算流体力学（CFD）模型和大振幅振荡剪切（LAOS）测量相结合的方法，分别表征了中空纤维振动膜周围的流场和污染物产生的屈服应力τ0。在横向流速为0.15 m·s−1 ~ 0.5 m·s−1，MLSS高达15,000 mg·L−1的条件下，研究了该特性。计算流体力学结果表明，在Kármán涡旋诱导的微尺度纤维振动中存在周期性湍流模式，并且周期性地提高了剪切力。实验结果表明，较高的振动频率（0.75 ~ 3.04 Hz）可使污垢起绒，使污垢的屈服应力τ0降低41.47% (85.94 ~ 50.39 Pa)，表明污垢脱落更容易。实测的污垢屈服应力τ0直接提供了准确的污垢脱落水力条件，其中2.5 Hz可重悬浮99%的污垢。在微观界面处，通过微尺度湍流，即Kelvin-Helmholtz不稳定性，振动松散的夹杂物会引发夹杂物加速脱落。地层条件由理查德森数Ri <； 0.21量化。这些边界层的见解加深了对混合液体和污染物之间微观界面的水力理解，这将有助于节能的污染缓解。

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引用次数: 0

Graphene oxide-based organic framework composites for membrane separation: Advances in design, properties, and environmental applications 用于膜分离的氧化石墨烯基有机框架复合材料：设计、性能和环境应用的进展

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.119816

Niaz Ali Khan , Umar H. Nuhu , Ahmad Hussaini Jagaba , Dahiru U. Lawal , Nadeem Baig , Ismail Abdulazeez , Billel Salhi , Yasir Abbas , Umer Zahid , Isam H. Aljundi

Graphene oxide (GO)-based organic framework composites, particularly those integrating metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs), have emerged as a promising class of materials for membrane-based water treatment. These hybrid systems rationally combine the structural tunability and high porosity of MOFs/COFs with the mechanical strength, large surface area, and functional versatility of GO, enabling improved separation performance compared to individual components. This review provides a comprehensive examination of GO/MOF and GO/COF composite membranes, emphasizing recent advances in their rational design, synthesis strategies (in-situ vs. ex-situ assembly), and structure-property relationships relevant to desalination, dye removal, heavy-metal capture, and wastewater purification. Particular attention is given to overcoming critical limitations such as GO swelling, restricted water permeance, and framework brittleness and how hybridization enhances pore structure, interfacial compatibility, wettability, and long-term operational stability. The environmental applications of these composites are critically discussed, focusing on the efficient removal of dyes, heavy metals, salts, pharmaceuticals, and oils from aqueous streams. Finally, the review outlines current challenges, such as fabrication scalability, interfacial engineering, and antifouling durability, and presents future research directions toward practical and sustainable deployment of GO-based organic framework membranes for sustainable water treatment.

氧化石墨烯（GO）基有机框架复合材料，特别是那些集成金属有机框架（MOFs）和共价有机框架（COFs）的材料，已经成为膜基水处理的一种有前途的材料。这些混合体系合理地结合了MOFs/COFs的结构可调性和高孔隙率，以及GO的机械强度、大表面积和功能通用性，与单个组件相比，能够提高分离性能。本文综述了GO/MOF和GO/COF复合膜的研究进展，重点介绍了它们的合理设计、合成策略（原位组装与非原位组装）以及与海水淡化、染料去除、重金属捕获和废水净化相关的结构-性能关系。特别关注克服氧化石墨烯膨胀、水渗透性受限和框架脆性等关键限制，以及杂化如何增强孔隙结构、界面相容性、润湿性和长期运行稳定性。重点讨论了这些复合材料的环境应用，重点是有效去除水中的染料、重金属、盐、药物和油。最后，综述概述了当前面临的挑战，如制造可扩展性，界面工程和防污耐久性，并提出了未来的研究方向，即用于可持续水处理的氧化石墨烯基有机框架膜的实用和可持续部署。

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引用次数: 0

Conjugated cationic dye modulates the ion-confined partitioning of anions/cations in graphene membrane to enhance seawater desalination 共轭阳离子染料调节石墨烯膜中阴离子/阳离子的离子限制分配，以增强海水淡化

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.119825

Ruixue Meng , Yuan Li , Jiawei Peng , Huanhuan Guo , Yanhui Li , Long Chen

Obtaining low-salinity water from seawater via nanofiltration technology has emerged as a crucial solution to solve the freshwater scarcity. Graphene nanofiltration membrane exhibits revolutionary potential but faces serious challenges, primarily insufficient structural stability and poor rejection for small salt ions. Herein, reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/Dye composite membranes with positively charged surfaces by intercalating π-conjugated cationic dye molecules into rGO membranes through π-π interaction and electrostatic interactions were successfully fabricated. The introduction of dye molecules not only regulates the interlayer spacing but also achieves electrostatic-induced ion-confined partitioning, effectively inhibiting the co-transport of cation-anion pairs to enhance the salt rejection performances. The optimized membrane demonstrated remarkable rejection of 85.3 % for NaCl and 91.4 % for Na₂SO₄ with high permeance due to the interlayer spacing modulation and ion-confined partitioning in nanochannels. Notably, those membranes exhibited exceptional chemical and mechanical stability during long-term nanofiltration operation involving high-salinity solution, mixed feed solution, and actual seawater. Transmembrane mass transfer experiments further confirmed that rGO/Dye composite membranes effectively suppress cation-anion pair co-transport, thereby increasing mass transfer resistance for salt ions. This study presents a novel strategy for designing high-performance desalination nanofiltration membranes through the synergistic regulation of nanochannels and surface charge characteristics.

通过纳滤技术从海水中获取低盐度水已成为解决淡水资源短缺的关键解决方案。石墨烯纳滤膜具有革命性的潜力，但也面临着严峻的挑战，主要是结构稳定性不足和对小盐离子的截除率差。通过π-π相互作用和静电相互作用，将π共轭阳离子染料分子嵌入氧化石墨烯膜，制备了表面带正电的还原氧化石墨烯/染料复合膜。染料分子的引入不仅调节了层间间距，还实现了静电诱导的离子约束分配，有效抑制了阳离子-阴离子对的共输运，提高了阻盐性能。优化后的膜对NaCl的去除率为85.3%，对Na2SO4的去除率为91.4%，具有较高的渗透率。值得注意的是，在高盐度溶液、混合饲料溶液和实际海水的长期纳滤操作中，这些膜表现出优异的化学和机械稳定性。跨膜传质实验进一步证实了还原氧化石墨烯/染料复合膜有效抑制正阴离子对共输运，从而增加了对盐离子的传质阻力。本研究提出了一种通过纳米通道和表面电荷特性的协同调节来设计高性能脱盐纳滤膜的新策略。

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引用次数: 0

A critical review of electromagnetic fields, ultrasound, and nanobubbles for membrane fouling control and cleaning: Mechanisms, applications, challenges and opportunities 综述了电磁场、超声波和纳米气泡在膜污染控制和清洁中的应用：机制、应用、挑战和机遇

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.119828

Yu-Qi Li, Yong-Qiang Liu

Membrane technologies are increasingly pivotal in advancing the circular economy by enabling efficient water recovery and supporting stricter environmental regulations through the reduction of emerging pollutant emissions. However, membrane fouling remains a critical barrier to optimal performance, long-term durability, and sustainability. To overcome this challenge, physical treatment devices (PTDs) including magnetic fields (MFs), electric fields (EFs), electromagnetic fields (EMFs), ultrasound (US), and micro/nanobubbles (MNBs) have emerged as environmentally friendly and sustainable alternatives to conventional chemical cleaning. This review critically examines the current state of research on these physical treatments, particularly focusing on their distinct and shared fouling control mechanisms, integration into membrane system configurations, and practical applications. Based on mechanistic analysis, this review highlights the potential synergistic effects of combining two different PTDs to enhance cleaning efficacy, reduce chemical dependence, and lower energy demand. Notably, combinations such as EFs with MNBs or EFs with US have demonstrated substantial improvements in fouling control, however, other combined configurations such as EMFs or US with MNBs remain underexplored and need further investigation. Furthermore, this review outlines the current research limitations and identifies key directions for future investigation, particularly regarding biofouling, its interactions with other fouling types, fouling control mechanisms, system-level optimization, synergistic effects from combined PTDs and engineering applications. Addressing these knowledge gaps is essential to fully unlock the potential of physical treatment and advancing more efficient, sustainable, and cost-effective membrane-based water treatment solutions.

膜技术通过实现高效的水回收和通过减少新出现的污染物排放来支持更严格的环境法规，在推进循环经济方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。然而，膜污染仍然是优化性能、长期耐用性和可持续性的关键障碍。为了克服这一挑战，包括磁场（MFs）、电场（EFs）、电磁场（emf）、超声波（US）和微/纳米气泡（MNBs）在内的物理处理设备（PTDs）已经成为传统化学清洗的环保和可持续替代品。这篇综述对这些物理处理的研究现状进行了批判性的审查，特别关注它们独特的和共同的污染控制机制，整合到膜系统配置中，以及实际应用。在机理分析的基础上，本文强调了两种不同的PTDs组合在提高清洁效果、减少化学依赖和降低能源需求方面的潜在协同效应。值得注意的是，EFs与mnb或EFs与US的组合在控制结垢方面取得了实质性的进展，然而，其他组合配置（如emf或US与mnb）仍未得到充分开发，需要进一步研究。此外，本文概述了目前研究的局限性，并确定了未来研究的关键方向，特别是在生物污染、与其他污染类型的相互作用、污染控制机制、系统级优化、联合PTDs的协同效应和工程应用方面。解决这些知识差距对于充分释放物理处理的潜力和推进更高效、可持续、经济的膜基水处理解决方案至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

MOF-derived Fe-Zn mixed oxides/carbon polyhedron framework for efficient electro-adsorption of salt ions from saline water mof衍生的铁锌混合氧化物/碳多面体框架用于盐水中盐离子的高效电吸附

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.119829

Guizhi Wang , Shukai Wang , Hongxin Guan , Peng Yao , YangYang Zhu , Pan Zhang , Pengfei Lu , Fajun Li , Keying Zhang

The development of efficient electrodes is of crucial significance in the field of capacitive deionization (CDI). In this research, a polyhedron heterostructure composed of Fe-Zn mixed oxides embedded within a carbon matrix (FeZnO/C) was successfully designed and synthesized. The optimally compositional Fe_0.2ZnO/C hybrid demonstrated enhanced electrochemical properties, including a higher specific capacitance, lower charge transfer impedance, and improved ion diffusion coefficient. When utilized as a CDI electrode, Fe_0.2ZnO/C achieved an exceptional electro-adsorption capacity of 23.44 mg/g in a 500 mg/L NaCl solution under an applied voltage of 1.2 V. Moreover, it showed excellent regeneration stability over 50 consecutive cycles. Mechanism analysis verified that the efficient adsorption of Na⁺ is mainly ascribed to electrostatic adsorption by the electric double layer formed on the carbon substrate, as well as Na⁺ intercalation into the lattice and interlayer space of the Fe-Zn mixed metal oxides structure. Theoretical calculations further demonstrated that the Fe-Zn oxide structure preferentially adsorbed Na⁺, exhibiting a lower adsorption energy. This work provides a viable strategy and solid theoretical foundation for the advancing of high-performance electrode materials in capacitive desalination technologies.

高效电极的开发在电容去离子领域具有重要意义。本研究成功地设计并合成了一种由Fe-Zn混合氧化物包埋在碳基体内的多面体异质结构（FeZnO/C）。优化后的Fe0.2ZnO/C复合材料具有较高的比电容、较低的电荷转移阻抗和较好的离子扩散系数等电化学性能。Fe0.2ZnO/C作为CDI电极，在500 mg/L NaCl溶液中，在1.2 V电压下，电吸附容量达到23.44 mg/g。在50次连续循环中表现出良好的再生稳定性。机理分析证实，Na+的高效吸附主要是由于碳基上形成的双电层的静电吸附，以及Na+嵌入到Fe-Zn混合金属氧化物结构的晶格和层间空间。理论计算进一步表明，Fe-Zn氧化物结构优先吸附Na+，表现出较低的吸附能。本研究为电容式海水淡化技术中高性能电极材料的发展提供了可行的策略和坚实的理论基础。

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引用次数: 0

Ultra-efficient and selective static/dynamic sequestration of selenate from contaminated water by cationic polymeric networks 阳离子聚合物网络对污染水中硒酸盐的超高效、选择性静态/动态隔离

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.119826

Wenxia Lin , Yidan Zhou , Fan Lin , Qing Li , Yimin Cai , Wen Feng

The efficient removal of selenium from contaminated water is of critical importance for environmental remediation. However, currently available selenium adsorbents usually suffer from limitations such as low adsorption capacity, insufficient selectivity, and poor recycling efficiency, raising an urgent need to develop efficient adsorbents for sequestrating selenium pollutants in contaminated water. Herein, two novel cationic polymeric networks (YCU-CPNs, namely YCU-CPN-1 and YCU-CPN-2) with different structural sizes are constructed for efficient SeO₄²⁻ sequestration. Profoundly superior to most reported adsorption materials, YCU-CPNs with cationic pyridinium functionalities display a wide workable pH range for SeO₄²⁻ removal (pH 2–11), high adsorption capacity (195 mg/g of YCU-CPN-1 and 133 mg/g of YCU-CPN-2), ultrafast adsorption kinetics (2 min for equilibrium), good recyclability, and outstanding selectivity toward SeO₄²⁻ over coexisting anions. Additionally, these adsorbents achieve high removal efficiency at low concentrations to reduce selenium to below 10 μg/L and can efficiently remove SeO₄²⁻ from real environmental water, meeting the minimum standard set by global drinking water guidelines. Notably, the dynamic column experiments demonstrate that YCU-CPN-1 also exhibits outstanding dynamic removal efficiency toward SeO₄²⁻. This work establishes a feasible approach to tackling the concern of selenium pollution.

有效去除污染水体中的硒对环境修复具有重要意义。然而，现有的硒吸附剂通常存在吸附能力低、选择性不足、回收效率差等局限性，迫切需要开发高效的吸附水中硒污染物的吸附剂。本文构建了两种不同结构尺寸的新型阳离子聚合物网络（ycu - cpn，即YCU-CPN-1和YCU-CPN-2），用于高效的SeO42−封存。与大多数报道的吸附材料相比，具有阳离子吡啶功能的ycu - cpn具有广泛的pH范围（pH 2 - 11），高吸附容量（YCU-CPN-1为195 mg/g， YCU-CPN-2为133 mg/g），超快吸附动力学（2分钟达到平衡），良好的可回收性，以及对共存阴离子的选择性。此外，这些吸附剂在低浓度下具有较高的去除效率，可将硒降至10 μg/L以下，并能有效去除真实环境水中的SeO42−，达到全球饮用水指南规定的最低标准。值得注意的是，动态柱实验表明，YCU-CPN-1对SeO42−也表现出出色的动态去除效率。本工作为解决硒污染问题提供了一条可行的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Integrated HTO@fiber interfacial evaporator for concurrent photovoltaic cooling, lithium extraction, and desalination 集成HTO@fiber界面蒸发器并发光伏冷却，锂提取，和海水淡化

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.119820

Qihao He , Yang Xiao , Da Li , Guangzhao Qin , Xiong Zheng

The operational efficiency and long-term reliability of photovoltaic (PV) panels are significantly compromised by overheating. To alleviate this issue, this work pioneered a tri-functional hybrid system addressing PV overheating, freshwater scarcity, and lithium extraction challenges. By laminating hydrous titanium oxide (HTO)-functionalized fibers (HTO@fiber) onto PV panels, the integrated system simultaneously enables: (i) evaporative cooling reducing PV temperatures by up to 16.4 °C under one-sun illumination, thereby achieving a peak power output enhancement of 12.5 % through suppressed carrier recombination and widened semiconductor bandgaps; (ii) targeted lithium extraction leveraging evaporation-induced interfacial concentration polarization and waste-heat-activated endothermic adsorption kinetics, achieving optimal lithium cation uptake capacities of 17.81 mg·g⁻¹ with high selectivity in real brines, conforming to pseudo-second-order chemisorption models; and (iii) sustainable desalination yielding freshwater at 1.680 kg·m⁻²·h⁻¹ under one sun. Outdoor validation over five days demonstrated practical viability with daily averages of 5.79 kg·m⁻² freshwater production and up to 4.75 g·g⁻¹ lithium cation recovery, underpinned by HTO@fiber's stability (<10 % capacity loss after 5 cycles) and efficient capillary transport. This integrated paradigm converts PV operational liabilities — thermal dissipation and land footprint — into synergistic resource recovery, establishing a scalable approach to enhance solar infrastructure economics while advancing water-energy-lithium nexus sustainability.

光伏（PV）面板的运行效率和长期可靠性受到过热的严重影响。为了缓解这一问题，这项工作开创了一种三功能混合系统，解决了光伏过热、淡水稀缺和锂提取等问题。通过将含水氧化钛（HTO）功能化纤维（HTO@fiber）层压到光伏板上，集成系统同时实现：(i)蒸发冷却，在单太阳照射下将光伏温度降低16.4°C，从而通过抑制载流子复合和扩大半导体带隙实现峰值功率输出提高12.5%；（ii）利用蒸发诱导的界面浓度极化和废热激活的吸热吸附动力学进行定向锂提取，在实际盐水中获得了17.81 mg·g−1的最佳锂阳离子吸收率，具有高选择性，符合伪二级化学吸附模型；（iii）在一个太阳下产生1.680 kg·m−2·h−1的可持续海水淡化。5天的室外验证证明了实际可行性，平均每日淡水产量为5.79 kg·m−2，锂离子回收率高达4.75 g·g−1，支持HTO@fiber的稳定性（5个循环后容量损失<； 10%）和有效的毛细管运输。这种整合的模式将光伏运营负债（热耗散和土地足迹）转化为协同资源回收，建立了一种可扩展的方法，以提高太阳能基础设施的经济性，同时推进水-能源-锂关系的可持续性。

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引用次数: 0

Integrating ZIF-90/zeolite-derived oxides and multifunctional polymers for multi-interaction adsorption of Pb2+ in wastewater ZIF-90/沸石衍生氧化物与多功能聚合物复合吸附废水中Pb2+的研究

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.119821

Van-Doan Nguyen , Thi Giang Nguyen , Thi Phuong Nguyen , Anh-Tuan Vu , The-Anh Luu , Van-Giang Le

Currently, various carbon-, metal oxide-, and biopolymer-based adsorbents have been developed for heavy metal remediation. Nevertheless, most still exhibit low adsorption capacity, poor stability in complex ionic environments, and limited regeneration ability. This limitation underscores the urgent need to design hybrid adsorbents that combine the high chemical selectivity of biopolymers with the structural robustness of inorganic frameworks. In this study, a novel ZZO/A-D composite was fabricated by integrating an oxide–zeolite framework derived from ZIF-90 with a diethylenetriaminepentaacetic (DTPA)-modified alginate polymer, forming a hierarchical capillary network enriched with –COOH, –NH, and –OH functional groups capable of strong complexation with Pb²⁺. Under optimal conditions (pH = 6, Pb²⁺ amount of 200 mg/L, ZZO/A-D mass 0.1 g/L, and temperature 30 °C), ZZO/A-D exhibited an exceptionally high maximum uptake capability (q_max) of 1428.76 mg/g. The uptake process followed the Langmuir (R² = 0.998) and second-order kinetics (R² = 0.999), confirming the dominance of chemisorption via coordination and ion-exchange mechanisms. The presence of coexisting cations inhibited Pb²⁺ removal in the order K⁺ > Na⁺ > Mg²⁺ > Ca²⁺, whereas the anions SO₄²⁻, CO₃²⁻, and NO₃⁻ caused inhibition levels of 90.45, 85.43, and 75.34 %, respectively. Moreover, the material maintained over 80 % removal efficiency after five adsorption–desorption cycles, demonstrating excellent reusability and structural integrity. With its superior adsorption performance, high stability, and strong tolerance to competing ions, ZZO/A-D offers a promising strategy for developing next-generation oxide–biopolymer hybrid adsorbents for the efficient decotamination of heavy metal-contaminated wastewater.

目前，各种基于碳、金属氧化物和生物聚合物的吸附剂已被开发用于重金属修复。然而，大多数材料的吸附能力较低，在复杂离子环境中的稳定性较差，再生能力有限。这一限制强调了迫切需要设计混合吸附剂，结合生物聚合物的高化学选择性和无机框架的结构坚固性。在这项研究中，通过将ZIF-90衍生的氧化物分子筛框架与二乙烯三胺五乙酸（DTPA）修饰的海藻酸盐聚合物整合，形成了一种新型的ZZO/ a - d复合材料，形成了一个富含-COOH， - nhh和-OH官能团的分层毛细管网络，能够与Pb2+强络合。在最佳条件下（pH = 6， Pb2+用量为200 mg/L， ZZO/A-D质量为0.1 g/L，温度为30℃），ZZO/A-D的最大吸收能力（qmax）达到1428.76 mg/g。吸附过程遵循Langmuir （R2 = 0.998）和二阶动力学（R2 = 0.999），证实了化学吸附主要通过配位和离子交换机制进行。共存阳离子的存在抑制Pb2+去除的顺序为K+ >； Na+ > Mg2+ > Ca2+，而阴离子SO42−、CO32−和NO3−的抑制水平分别为90.45%、85.43%和75.34%。经过5次吸附-解吸循环后，该材料的去除率保持在80%以上，具有良好的可重复使用性和结构完整性。凭借其优异的吸附性能、高稳定性和对竞争离子的强耐受性，ZZO/ a - d为开发下一代氧化物-生物聚合物混合吸附剂提供了一种有前景的策略，可用于高效去除重金属污染废水。

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引用次数: 0

Sulfonated poly(fluorenylene alkylene)-based cation-exchange ionomers enabling high-performance and stable capacitive deionization 磺化聚（氟炔-亚烯）基阳离子交换离聚体，实现高性能和稳定的电容去离子

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.119817

Tao Jiang , Yuhan Du , Chenxi Wang , Xinghao Gao , Qianxi Li , Yingsheng Xu , Haibing Wei , Hongjian Zhou

Capacitive deionization (CDI) has gained attention as a promising desalination approach due to its simple operation and energy-saving advantages. This study demonstrates the novel preparation of sulfonated poly(fluorenylene alkylene) (SPFA) cation-exchange ionomers via superacid-catalyzed Friedel-Crafts polycondensation, specifically engineered for in-situ coated membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI) cathode systems. The optimized SPFA-70 ionomer exhibited exceptional ionic transport properties, achieving a Na⁺ conductivity of 43.1 mS cm⁻¹ under fully hydrated conditions. This superior performance originates from the well-balanced combination of high ion exchange capacity, substantial fractional free volume (FFV = 26.3 %), and controlled water uptake, which synergistically enhance ion transport pathways. Remarkably, the SPFA-50 based MCDI device demonstrated excellent cycling stability, maintaining a consistent salt adsorption capacity of 19.1 mg g⁻¹ throughout 1000 charge-discharge cycles without any observable capacity degradation. Our findings offer a promising strategy for designing high-performance ion exchange materials through rational molecular engineering. This synthesis strategy facilitates scalable MCDI electrode production using an eco-friendly, low-cost, and streamlined process, potentially addressing critical challenges in CDI technology commercialization.

电容式去离子（CDI）因其操作简单、节能等优点而受到广泛关注。本研究展示了通过超酸催化Friedel-Crafts缩聚制备磺化聚氟炔亚烯（SPFA）阳离子交换离聚体的新方法，该方法专门用于原位涂覆膜电容性去离子（MCDI）阴极系统。优化后的SPFA-70离聚体表现出优异的离子传输性能，在完全水合条件下，Na+电导率达到43.1 mS cm−1。这种优异的性能源于高离子交换容量、大量自由体积分数（FFV = 26.3%）和控制水分摄取的良好平衡组合，它们协同增强了离子运输途径。值得注意的是，基于SPFA-50的MCDI装置表现出优异的循环稳定性，在1000次充放电循环中保持19.1 mg g - 1的盐吸附容量不变，没有任何可观察到的容量下降。我们的发现为通过合理的分子工程设计高性能离子交换材料提供了一个有希望的策略。这种合成策略促进了可扩展的MCDI电极生产，使用环保，低成本和简化的工艺，有可能解决CDI技术商业化的关键挑战。

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引用次数: 0

Engineering of catalytic Ce@SiC ceramic membranes with ozonation for efficient antibiotic degradation 臭氧氧化催化Ce@SiC陶瓷膜高效降解抗生素工程研究

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.119815

Silin Li , Wenjie Zheng , Wenlan Ji , Yunfei Shi , Tian Ren , Shihao Zhang , Xiao Wei , Yibin Wei

Catalytic ceramic membranes with ozonation have been considered promising for efficient organic pollutants degradation in water. Herein, cerium oxide-doped silicon carbide (Ce@SiC) ceramic membranes were developed via in-situ embedding CeO₂ nanoparticles into the porous SiC membrane that can be coupled with catalytic ozonation for efficient ciprofloxacin (CIP) degradation. Notably, the optimized Ce@SiC membrane with ozonation could achieve 94.3 % CIP degradation efficiency within 60 min, outperforming ozonation (63.4 %) or pristine SiC (66.1 %) alone. Meanwhile, the membrane showed excellent total organic carbon mineralization of 66.4 % for the CIP, which was significantly higher than that of using ozonation (19.8 %) or pristine SiC (30.1 %) alone, demonstrating enhanced oxidation efficiency. The high performance is attributed to the abundant oxygen vacancies on the Ce@SiC membrane surface, which facilitate ozone decomposition into hydroxyl (OH) and superoxide (O₂⁻) radicals, and the synergistic effect of the Ce³⁺/Ce⁴⁺ redox cycle. The membrane not only exhibited robust catalytic stability in cycling experiments, but also excellent resistance to ion interference. Furthermore, the high catalytic performance was mainly attributed to the rich oxygen vacancies on the Ce@SiC membrane surface, which facilitates ozone decomposition into OH and O₂⁻. This work offers a sustainable strategy of coupling catalytic ozonation with ceramic membrane for refractory antibiotics degradation.

臭氧氧化催化陶瓷膜被认为是一种有效降解水中有机污染物的方法。本文通过原位包埋CeO2纳米颗粒到多孔SiC膜中，制备了氧化铈掺杂碳化硅（Ce@SiC）陶瓷膜，该陶瓷膜可与催化臭氧氧化相结合，有效降解环丙沙星（CIP）。值得注意的是，优化后的Ce@SiC膜在60 min内可达到94.3%的CIP降解效率，优于臭氧氧化（63.4%）或原始SiC（66.1%）。同时，该膜对CIP的总有机碳矿化率为66.4%，显著高于臭氧氧化处理（19.8%）或原始SiC氧化处理（30.1%），显示出较高的氧化效率。这主要归功于Ce@SiC膜表面丰富的氧空位，有利于臭氧分解为羟基（OH）和超氧（O2−）自由基，以及Ce3+/Ce4+氧化还原循环的协同作用。该膜不仅在循环实验中表现出良好的催化稳定性，而且具有良好的抗离子干扰能力。此外，Ce@SiC膜表面丰富的氧空位有助于臭氧分解为OH和O2−，这也是其高催化性能的主要原因。本研究为催化臭氧氧化与陶瓷膜耦合降解难降解抗生素提供了一种可持续的策略。

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引用次数: 0