Desalination最新文献_第3页

Beyond global metrics in capacitive water deionization: Position-resolved ion concentration from operando X-ray transmission 超越电容性水去离子化的全局度量：operando x射线透射的位置分辨离子浓度

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2026-01-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2026.119849

Max V. Rauscher , Richard Kohns , Malina Seyffertitz , Sebastian Stock , Sylvio Haas , Volker Presser , Christian Prehal , Nicola Hüsing , Oskar Paris

The performance of novel electrode materials and the influence of cell geometry or flow rate on capacitive water deionization (CDI) are usually described by global metrics from the analysis of the effluent electrolyte together with the electrochemical response of the system. However, these approaches cannot provide information on local variations of ion concentration and related local efficiency within an operating device. Here, a novel approach of position-resolved operando synchrotron-based X-ray transmission is introduced to determine local ion concentration changes along the flow channel from the inlet (feedwater) to the outlet (effluent water) of a working CDI cell. A specific cell design allows the independent quantification of concentration changes within the bulk electrolyte in the flow channel as well as the two oppositely charged nanoporous electrodes. Results from a 15 mM CsCl feed solution using three flow rates and two carbon materials with hierarchical porosity reveal a complex spatial- and temporal ion distribution in the system. A distinct dependence of local concentration on the flow rate is observed, with generally decreasing local desalination capacity towards the outlet of the cell, particularly for slow flow rates. It is also found that a significantly better overall performance for one of the two materials can be related to dominant counter-ion adsorption within ultramicropores, which ions cannot access in their hydrated state at no applied potential (ionophobicity). Overall, the results demonstrate the unique potential of position-resolved operando X-ray techniques to get mechanistic insight into local ion redistribution in CDI systems, allowing ultimately guiding performance optimization.

新型电极材料的性能以及电池几何形状或流速对电容性水去离子（CDI）的影响通常是通过对流出电解质的分析以及系统的电化学响应的全局度量来描述的。然而，这些方法不能提供离子浓度的局部变化和操作装置内相关的局部效率的信息。本文介绍了一种基于位置分辨operando同步加速器的x射线透射新方法，以确定工作CDI电池从入口（给水）到出口（出水）的流道中局部离子浓度的变化。一种特殊的电池设计允许在流动通道内的散装电解质以及两个相反带电的纳米孔电极内的浓度变化的独立量化。采用三种流速和两种具有分层孔隙度的碳材料的15 mM CsCl进料溶液的结果揭示了系统中复杂的时空离子分布。观察到局部浓度对流速有明显的依赖性，对电池出口的局部脱盐能力一般会下降，特别是在流速较慢的情况下。研究还发现，两种材料中有一种的整体性能明显更好，这可能与超微孔内主要的反离子吸附有关，在没有施加电位（疏离子）的情况下，离子无法以水合状态进入超微孔。总的来说，结果证明了位置分辨operando x射线技术的独特潜力，可以深入了解CDI系统中局部离子再分布的机理，从而最终指导性能优化。

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引用次数: 0

Thermo-economic analysis and life cycle assessment of a poly-generation system based on HT-PEMFC, spray flash desalination and waste heat recovery 基于HT-PEMFC、喷雾闪蒸脱盐和余热回收的多联产系统的热经济分析和生命周期评估

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2026-01-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2026.119846

Benan Cai , Yuqi Zhao , Zaimin Guo , Ruihang Gao , Xunjian Che , Haijun Wang , Weihua Cai

This paper proposes a novel poly-generation system that integrates a high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC), spray flash desalination (SFD), heat pump (HP), externally fired gas turbine (EFGT), and organic Rankine cycle (ORC), capable of simultaneously generating power, heating, and fresh water. A comprehensive energy, exergy, economic, and environmental (4E) analysis is conducted to assess the influence of crucial operating parameters, such as current density, H₂ utilization ratio, and evaporation temperature, on system performance. Local sensitivity analysis, life cycle assessment and multi-objective optimization are conducted. The results indicate that a current density of 12,000 A/m² is optimal for maximizing the system's net electrical power. Rice husk is typically the most suitable choice for achieving optimal economic and environmental performance. Local sensitivity analysis reveals that the most sensitive parameter affecting the performance of the proposed system is the evaporation temperature in SFD. The optimal values for environmental benefit, specific fuel consumption, and net present value are 127.63

\times

10³ $/y, 0.28 kg/kWh, and $6,114,416, respectively. Life cycle analysis identifies the operational phase as the dominant contributor to emissions.

本文提出了一种新型的多联产系统，该系统集成了高温质子交换膜燃料电池（HT-PEMFC）、喷雾闪蒸脱盐（SFD）、热泵（HP）、外燃燃气轮机（EFGT）和有机朗肯循环（ORC），能够同时发电、供热和淡水。通过综合能源、火用、经济、环境（4E）分析，评估电流密度、H₂利用率、蒸发温度等关键运行参数对系统性能的影响。进行了局部灵敏度分析、生命周期评价和多目标优化。结果表明，电流密度为12,000 a /m2是最大化系统净电功率的最佳选择。稻壳通常是实现最佳经济和环境性能的最合适的选择。局部灵敏度分析表明，影响系统性能的最敏感参数是SFD中的蒸发温度。环境效益、特定燃料消耗和净现值的最佳值分别为127.63×103 $/y、0.28 kg/kWh和6,114,416美元。生命周期分析确定操作阶段是排放的主要贡献者。

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引用次数: 0

In situ growing ZIF-L particles by cross-substrate counter diffusion: Breaking the trade-off between NF permeation and Li+/Mg2+ selectivity 通过跨底物反扩散原位生长ZIF-L颗粒：打破NF渗透与Li+/Mg2+选择性之间的权衡

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2026-01-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2026.119854

Mengyao Chen , Yangxiang Huang , Yeqiang Lu , Congjie Gao , Lixin Xue

Polyamide/polyethylene (PA/PE) nanofiltration (NF) membranes based on polyethyleneimine (PEI) had demonstrated excellent Li⁺/Mg²⁺ selectivity, but showing trade-off between their permeance and Li⁺/Mg²⁺ selectivity. In this work, a novel cross-substrate counter diffusion (CSCD) method was introduced to grow and secure ZIF-L particles in the PA layers. Specifically, rather than directly contacting the PA layers containing Zn(II) cation (PA/Zn) with an aqueous solution of 2-methylimidazole (2-MIM) ligand from the top sides, 2-MIM ligand molecules were diffused across the PE substrate from the bottom sides to react with Zn(II) secured on the top sides of PA layers. Compared with the top-down method, the bottom-up approach had yield PA/ZIF-B NF membranes with higher surface roughness, larger average pore size and narrower pore size distribution. Notably, the pure water permeance of PA/ZIF-B membrane was increased by 2.6-folds to 15.1 L·m⁻²·h⁻¹·bar⁻¹ at a high Li⁺/Mg²⁺ separation factor (S_Li/Mg) of 16.5, breaking the trade-off performance upper bound between water permeance and Li⁺/Mg²⁺ separating selectivity and outperforming most of the reported TFN NF membranes.

基于聚乙烯亚胺（PEI）的聚酰胺/聚乙烯（PA/PE）纳滤（NF）膜具有优异的Li+/Mg2+选择性，但其渗透性与Li+/Mg2+选择性之间存在权衡关系。在这项工作中，引入了一种新的跨衬底反扩散（CSCD）方法来生长和保护ZIF-L颗粒在PA层中。具体来说，2-甲基咪唑（2-MIM）配体的水溶液不是从顶部直接接触含有Zn（II）阳离子（PA/Zn）的PA层，而是从底部扩散到PE底物上，与固定在PA层顶部的Zn（II）发生反应。与自顶向下方法相比，自底向上方法制备的PA/ZIF-B膜具有更高的表面粗糙度、更大的平均孔径和更窄的孔径分布。值得注意的是，PA/ZIF-B膜的纯水渗透率提高了2.6倍，达到15.1 L·m−2·h−1·bar−1，且Li+/Mg2+分离因子（SLi/Mg）为16.5，打破了水渗透率与Li+/Mg2+分离选择性之间的权衡性能上限，优于大多数报道的TFN - NF膜。

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引用次数: 0

Renewable–diesel-powered multi-element series SWRO for off-grid Sinai resorts: A multi-objective optimization for cost‑carbon minimization 用于离网西奈度假胜地的可再生柴油多单元系列SWRO：成本碳最小化的多目标优化

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2026-01-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.119823

Omar G. Kaoud , Muhammad H. Elbassoussi , M.A. Abido , Syed M. Zubair

Water scarcity in remote and off-grid regions necessitates sustainable and low-carbon desalination solutions. This study develops a multi-objective optimization framework for a hybrid renewable–diesel powered serial multi-element seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination system (1–4 elements in a single pressure vessel), integrating photovoltaic (PV) panels, wind turbines, batteries, and a diesel generator. The framework simultaneously minimizes the levelized cost of water (LCOW) and annual carbon emissions (ACE) using three advanced metaheuristic algorithms NSGA-II, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), and, for the first time in this context, the Multi-Objective Artificial Rabbit Optimizer (MO-ARO). A fuzzy decision-making approach is applied to identify the most balanced solutions along the Pareto front. The framework is validated and applied to nine representative sites in the Sinai Peninsula, Egypt, characterized by diverse solar and wind resources. Results show that four-elements RO configurations reduce LCOW by approximately 45 % (2.48–2.7 $/m³) and ACE by 50 % (27–34 Tons/year) compared with single-element designs, while also lowering PV and battery requirements by up to 50 %. Maintaining a constant diesel contribution of around 3 % provides the optimal trade-off between cost and emissions, ensuring reliable operation with minimal environmental impact. These findings highlight the potential of hybrid renewable–diesel serial multi-element SWRO systems to deliver low-carbon and economically viable desalination for off-grid communities, contributing to sustainable water–energy management.

偏远和离网地区的水资源短缺需要可持续的低碳海水淡化解决方案。本研究为可再生-柴油混合动力串联多元件海水反渗透（SWRO）海水淡化系统（1-4个元件在一个压力容器中）开发了一个多目标优化框架，该系统集成了光伏（PV）板、风力涡轮机、电池和柴油发电机。该框架同时使用三种先进的元启发式算法NSGA-II、粒子群优化（PSO）和多目标人工兔子优化器（MO-ARO）来最小化水的平准化成本（LCOW）和年碳排放（ACE）。应用模糊决策方法确定沿帕累托前沿最平衡的解决方案。该框架被验证并应用于埃及西奈半岛的九个具有代表性的地点，这些地点以多样化的太阳能和风能资源为特征。结果表明，与单元素设计相比，四元素RO配置的LCOW降低了约45%（2.48-2.7美元/立方米），ACE降低了50%（27-34吨/年），同时光伏和电池需求也降低了50%。在成本和排放之间保持3%左右的恒定柴油排放，确保在对环境影响最小的情况下可靠运行。这些发现突出了可再生柴油串联多元素SWRO混合系统的潜力，为离网社区提供低碳和经济可行的海水淡化，有助于可持续的水能管理。

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引用次数: 0

Deciphering wetting mechanisms in janus membranes via real-time impedance spectroscopy for stable oily wastewater desalination 利用实时阻抗谱技术破解双膜的润湿机理，用于稳定含油废水脱盐

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2026-01-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.119833

Yuxiao Tian , Yuan Liao , Yali Zhao , Jiali Wang , Lei Yao , Yu Liao , Gang Han , Shujuan Meng

The treatment of surfactant-stabilized oily wastewater poses a significant challenge to aquatic ecosystems and water reuse efforts. Thermal membrane desalination often suffers from membrane wetting and performance trade-offs when dealing with low-surface-tension effluents. In this study, a high-performance Janus membrane that exhibits exceptional anti-wetting properties has been developed. A key mechanistic insight is that membrane wetting is governed not merely by reduced surface tension, but critically by the hydrophobic-hydrophobic interactions between contaminants and the membrane. It is demonstrated that wetting requires both exposed hydrophobic segments and sufficient hydrocarbon chain length for effective engagement, explaining the distinct wetting behaviors of single-headed amphiphiles, bola-amphiphiles, and polymers. By employing real-time electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), the progression of wetting fronts is quantitatively elucidated, revealing how the membrane maintains stable states—such as light-penetration, intermediate-through, or deep wetting—under different chemical challenges without failure. The Janus membrane demonstrates superior vapor flux while maintaining salt rejection exceeding 99.9 %, attributed to its sub-nanoporous structure and synergistic mass transfer enhancement. Even under extreme surfactant concentrations (>20 mM), the membrane effectively resists wetting. Long-term evaluation using real oily wastewater over 30 days confirms unparalleled stability in both flux and rejection. The membrane's robust performance, combined with a straightforward and scalable fabrication method, offers a promising solution for the treatment of complex industrial wastewaters.

表面活性剂稳定含油废水的处理对水生生态系统和水回用工作提出了重大挑战。在处理低表面张力出水时，热膜脱盐经常受到膜润湿和性能权衡的影响。在这项研究中，开发了一种高性能的Janus膜，具有优异的抗湿性能。一个关键的机理是，膜润湿不仅受表面张力降低的影响，而且受污染物与膜之间疏水-疏水相互作用的影响。研究表明，润湿需要暴露的疏水段和足够的烃链长度才能有效地接触，这解释了单头两亲体、bola-两亲体和聚合物的不同润湿行为。通过使用实时电化学阻抗谱（EIS），定量地阐明了润湿前沿的进展，揭示了膜如何在不同的化学挑战下保持稳定状态（如光穿透，中间穿透或深度润湿）而不会失败。由于其亚纳米孔结构和协同传质增强，Janus膜表现出优异的蒸汽通量，同时保持了99.9%以上的阻盐率。即使在极端的表面活性剂浓度（20毫米）下，膜也能有效地抵抗润湿。对含油废水进行超过30天的长期评估，证实了在通量和截留方面无与伦比的稳定性。该膜的强大性能，结合直接和可扩展的制造方法，为复杂工业废水的处理提供了一个有前途的解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

Catalyzed in-situ amination of support layer for thermally stable forward osmosis membranes in industrial dyeing wastewater concentration 催化原位胺化热稳定正向渗透膜在工业印染废水浓缩中的应用

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2026-01-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.119841

Qin Zheng , Meng-ran Xu , Dai-feng Song , Wen-shi Liu , Hao-Ran Zuo , Ming Duan

Forward osmosis (FO) offers a promising wastewater treatment option with energy efficiency and lower membrane fouling than pressure-driven processes. However, its practical application remains constrained by operational temperature limitations, particularly in high-temperature industrial dyeing wastewater treatment. Inspired by the muscle that effectively controls the movement of seashells, this study employs a homogeneous catalyst to rapidly modify polyacrylonitrile support layers using bridging molecules that mimic such structures. During interfacial polymerization, one end of the molecular bridge is covalently anchored to the support layer and the other to the active layer, thereby enhancing interfacial adhesion and yielding a thermally stable FO membrane. After anchoring, the glass transition temperature (T_g) of the polyamide active layer on the modified support increases to 90.08 °C. Utilizing 1 mol/L NaCl as the draw solution and deionized water (DI) as the feed solution, the J_w of the FO membrane increased from 33.6 ± 3.9 (L∙m⁻²∙h⁻¹) at 25 °C to 110.3 ± 9.98 (L∙m⁻²∙h⁻¹) at 90 °C under AL-DS mode. The reverse salt flux ratio (J_s/J_w) remained nearly constant at 0.26 (g∙L⁻¹). In addition, the FO membranes also exhibit superior anti-fouling properties. In a 48 h concentration experiment using actual industrial dyeing wastewater, the membranes sustained a stable J_w of 20.0 ± 0.92 (L∙m⁻²∙h⁻¹). Not only 83 % of the industrial dyeing wastewater was recovered, but also the contaminants in the wastewater were forced to aggregate by external concentration polarization. This study proves FO membrane feasibility in harsh industries and presents a scalable route to high-performance membranes for high-temperature wastewater.

正向渗透（FO）提供了一种有前途的污水处理选择，与压力驱动工艺相比，它具有能源效率和更低的膜污染。然而，它的实际应用仍然受到操作温度的限制，特别是在高温工业印染废水处理中。受到有效控制贝壳运动的肌肉的启发，这项研究采用了一种均相催化剂，利用模拟这种结构的桥接分子来快速修饰聚丙烯腈支撑层。在界面聚合过程中，分子桥的一端共价锚定在支撑层上，另一端共价锚定在活性层上，从而增强了界面粘附性并产生热稳定的FO膜。锚固后，改性支架上聚酰胺活性层的玻璃化转变温度（Tg）升高至90.08℃。以1 mol/L NaCl为提取液，去离子水（DI）为进料液，AL-DS模式下，FO膜的Jw从25℃时的33.6±3.9 （L∙m−2∙h−1）增加到90℃时的110.3±9.98 （L∙m−2∙h−1）。反盐通量比（Js/Jw）基本保持在0.26 （g∙L−1）。此外，FO膜还表现出优异的抗污染性能。在实际工业印染废水的48 h浓度实验中，膜的Jw稳定为20.0±0.92 （L∙m−2∙h−1）。该方法不仅回收了83%的工业印染废水，而且通过外部浓缩极化使废水中的污染物发生聚集。该研究证明了FO膜在恶劣工业中的可行性，并为高温废水的高性能膜提供了可扩展的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Heteroepitaxial growth of DDR zeolite membranes for pervaporation dehydration of hypersaline LiBr solutions 高盐溴化锂溶液渗透蒸发脱水用DDR沸石膜的异质外延生长

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2026-01-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2026.119853

Zilin Pan, Feng Ye, Shuanshi Fan, Yanhong Wang, Xuemei Lang, Lisha Lu, Gang Li

LiBr-H₂O absorption chillers offer significant advantages in cooling applications; however, their widespread implementation has been severely limited by their large weight and size. The miniaturization of their key components is therefore critical to expanding their practical applications. This study presents a novel desorber design that employs a pervaporation process to concentrate LiBr solutions using DDR zeolite membranes. High-quality DDR zeolite membranes were fabricated via a heteroepitaxial growth process, utilizing CHA rather than DDR zeolite seeds, owing to the successful suppression of the SGT competitive phase during membrane synthesis. The resulting DDR zeolite membrane exhibited a water flux ranging from 0.16 to 1.56 kg·m⁻²·h⁻¹ and a LiBr rejection exceeding 99.9 % for 20–60 wt% LiBr solutions at temperatures of 20–80 °C. The activation energy for water permeation decreased from 20.64 to 9.69 kJ·mol⁻¹ as the LiBr concentration increased from 20 to 60 wt%, which stemmed primarily from the combined effect of the thermodynamic properties of LiBr solutions and the adsorption behaviors of the membrane. Moreover, the DDR zeolite membrane demonstrated excellent stability in the pervaporation dehydration of LiBr solutions, even at 80 °C, highlighting its potential for use in desorbers for LiBr-H₂O absorption chillers.

lib - h₂O吸收式制冷机在冷却应用中具有显着优势；然而，由于它们的重量和尺寸大，它们的广泛实施受到严重限制。因此，其关键部件的小型化对于扩大其实际应用至关重要。本研究提出了一种新颖的解吸器设计，采用渗透蒸发工艺，利用DDR沸石膜浓缩LiBr溶液。利用CHA而不是DDR沸石种子，通过异质外延生长工艺制备了高质量的DDR沸石膜，这是因为在膜合成过程中成功抑制了SGT竞争相。所得的DDR沸石膜的水通量为0.16 ~ 1.56 kg·m−2·h−1，在20 ~ 80℃的温度下，对20 ~ 60 wt%的LiBr溶液的LiBr去除率超过99.9%。当LiBr浓度从20%增加到60%时，水渗透活化能从20.64降低到9.69 kJ·mol−1，这主要是由于LiBr溶液的热力学性质和膜的吸附行为的共同作用。此外，DDR沸石膜在LiBr溶液的渗透蒸发脱水中表现出优异的稳定性，即使在80°C下也是如此，这突出了它在LiBr- h₂O吸收式冷却器解吸器中的应用潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Waste PET-derived Co-MOF catalytic membrane: Achieving high-efficiency and sustainable antibiotics removal from water through visible-light-activated peroxymonosulfate 废弃pet衍生的Co-MOF催化膜：通过可见光活化的过氧单硫酸盐实现高效和可持续的水中抗生素去除

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2026.119848

Huamei He , Meixuan Xin , Jun Wang , Xi Chen , Feifei Wei , Qiangbin Yang , Chenglong Yu , Guangyong Zeng , Chong-Chen Wang

Antibiotics represent a prototypical class of micropollutants, characterized by their diverse types, complex molecular structures, varied forms, and poorly understood environmental impacts. This study utilized waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as the raw material to synthesize Co-MOF nanorods catalyst via an efficient solvent-thermal “one-pot” approach. Subsequently, the catalyst was anchored onto a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) substrate via polydopamine (PDA) cross-linking and a catalytic membrane was fabricated by vacuum filtration for antibiotic degradation. Experimental results demonstrated that under the synergistic effect of visible light and peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation, the catalytic membrane achieved 97.63 % degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) within a mere 25 min (k = 0.1645 min⁻¹). Moreover, after five reuse cycles, it continued to exhibit a degradation efficiency exceeding 85 %. Significantly, it exhibited good performance for the degradation of various antibiotics, such as oxytetracycline and ceftriaxone sodium. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed an efficient adsorption and activation pathway of PMS on the membrane surface. High performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) and toxicity assessments unveiled the TCH degradation pathways and lower toxicity of intermediates. This “trash-to-treasure” approach not only establishes a novel pathway for the low-cost and large-scale production of MOFs but also achieves a “one-stone-two-birds” effect, offering a promising strategy for efficient and low-carbon treatment of antibiotic wastewater.

抗生素是一类典型的微污染物，其特点是类型多样，分子结构复杂，形式多样，对环境的影响知之甚少。本研究以废聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）为原料，采用高效的溶剂-热“一锅法”合成了Co-MOF纳米棒催化剂。随后，通过聚多巴胺（PDA）交联将催化剂固定在聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）底物上，并通过真空过滤制备用于抗生素降解的催化膜。实验结果表明，在可见光和过氧单硫酸盐（PMS）活化的协同作用下，该催化膜在25 min （k = 0.1645 min−1）内对盐酸四环素（TCH）的降解率达到97.63%。而且，经过5次重复使用，它的降解效率仍然超过85%。值得注意的是，它对土霉素和头孢曲松钠等多种抗生素具有良好的降解性能。密度泛函理论（DFT）计算揭示了PMS在膜表面的有效吸附和活化途径。高效液相色谱-质谱（HPLC-MS）和毒性评价揭示了TCH的降解途径和中间体的低毒性。这种“垃圾变宝”的方法不仅为mof的低成本规模化生产开辟了一条新途径，而且实现了“一石二鸟”的效果，为抗生素废水的高效低碳处理提供了一条有前景的策略。

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引用次数: 0

Dual-network aerogel microspheres of hydrazone-linked COFs for dynamic U(VI) capture 用于动态U（VI）捕获的腙连接COFs双网络气凝胶微球

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2026.119845

Yuzhuo Xiong , Min Li , Wei Gao , Shixian Wu , Wansheng Zhang , Jun Gao , Qinghui Shou , Xiangfeng Liang , Huizhou Liu

The extraction of uranium from seawater represents a promising approach to securing future nuclear fuel resources. Powder adsorbents with excellent performance in seawater have been extensively studied; however, their cycling stability and operational practicality remain limited. In this study, COF-TpTDH was incorporated into a sodium alginate/polyvinyl alcohol (SA/PVA) matrix using homogeneous blending-ion crosslinking technique. And aerogel microspheres (TpTDH@SPC) with interpenetrating dual networks were formed. The resultant microsphere exhibits superior mechanical properties, with a pressure resistance of 1.17 Mpa. Importantly, the hydrazone and β-ketoenamine structures within the COF introduce specific coordination sites that enable selective and efficient capture of uranyl ions. The material exhibited a maximum theoretical adsorption capacity of 325.36 mg g⁻¹, and its distribution coefficient (K_d) of 9860 mL g⁻¹ was significantly higher than that of other coexisting metal ions. In addition, TpTDH@SPC exhibit excellent dynamic adsorption performance, with a dynamic breakthrough adsorption capacity of 630.10 mg g⁻¹, enabling the continuous treatment of 9.56 L of uranium at a concentration of 15 mg L⁻¹. This result demonstrates their strong potential for industrial applications in continuous-flow processes.

从海水中提取铀是确保未来核燃料资源的一种很有前途的方法。粉末吸附剂在海水中具有优良的吸附性能，得到了广泛的研究；然而，它们的循环稳定性和操作实用性仍然有限。本研究采用均匀共混-离子交联技术将COF-TpTDH掺入海藻酸钠/聚乙烯醇（SA/PVA）基质中。形成具有互穿双网络的气凝胶微球（TpTDH@SPC）。制备的微球具有优异的力学性能，耐压性能为1.17 Mpa。重要的是，COF中的腙和β-酮胺结构引入了特定的配位位点，能够选择性和有效地捕获铀酰离子。该材料的最大理论吸附量为325.36 mg g−1，其分配系数（Kd）为9860 mL g−1，显著高于其他共存金属离子。此外，TpTDH@SPC表现出优异的动态吸附性能，动态突破吸附量为630.10 mg g−1，可在浓度为15 mg L−1的条件下连续处理9.56 L的铀。这一结果表明了它们在连续流过程中的工业应用潜力。

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引用次数: 0

High-yield integrated solar still with flat-plate collector and internal condensers for decentralized potable water production in arid regions 具有平板收集器和内部冷凝器的高产集成太阳能蒸馏器，用于干旱地区分散的饮用水生产

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.119827

Sanjay Salve , Vivekanandan N , Mahdev Madgule , Rajeswari K

Achieving water security in arid and remote regions remains a major challenge, particularly where centralized treatment infrastructure is absent. Solar desalination offers a sustainable pathway, but the productivity of conventional solar stills is typically low. This study presents an integrated high-yield solar still that synergistically combines a flat plate collector (FPC) to enhance thermal input, a front-wall reflector to increase solar irradiation on the basin, and side-wall evaporative condensers to intensify vapor condensation. Experimental investigations were conducted to evaluate the individual and combined effects of these components. The fully integrated configuration achieved a significantly enhanced distillate yield of 12.3 L/m²/day—more than 300 % higher than a conventional basin-type still (2.9 L/m²/day)—with an overall thermal efficiency of 42.6 %. The results confirm that strategic coupling of heat-input and heat-rejection enhancement methods can overcome the intrinsic limitations of passive solar stills. This integrated approach provides a practical, low-energy solution for decentralized potable water production in sun-rich, water-scarce, and off-grid communities.

在干旱和偏远地区实现水安全仍然是一项重大挑战，特别是在缺乏集中处理基础设施的地区。太阳能脱盐提供了一条可持续的途径，但传统太阳能蒸馏器的生产率通常很低。本研究提出了一种集成的高产太阳能蒸馏器，它协同结合了平板集热器（FPC）来增强热输入，前壁反射器来增加对盆的太阳辐照，侧壁蒸发冷凝器来加强蒸汽冷凝。进行了实验研究，以评估这些成分的单独和联合作用。完全集成的配置显著提高了馏出物产量，达到12.3升/平方米/天，比传统的盆式蒸馏器（2.9升/平方米/天）高出300%，整体热效率为42.6%。研究结果表明，热输入和热排除强化方法的策略耦合可以克服被动式太阳能蒸馏器的固有局限性。这种综合方法为阳光充足、缺水和离网社区的分散式饮用水生产提供了一种实用、低能耗的解决方案。

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引用次数: 0