Desalination最新文献_第2页

Electrosynthesis of LiAl-CO3 LDHs for lithium recovery from lithium precipitation mother liquor: process optimization and lithium separation mechanism analysis 电合成LiAl-CO3 LDHs从锂沉淀母液中回收锂：工艺优化及锂分离机理分析

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2026.119902

Weixuan Yan, Zhuohao Zheng, Yuan Hu, Gang Chen

LiAl-CO₃ layered double hydroxides (LiAl-CO₃ LDHs) are adsorbents promising for lithium recovery from low-grade carbonate-type salt-lake brines due to their excellent structural stability and selective lithium-ion affinity. However, conventional synthesis routes, such as chemical precipitation and hydrothermal methods, are limited by high energy consumption, long reaction times, and complex operations procedures, which hinder large-scale application. Herein, a facile and efficient electrochemical strategy was developed for the synthesis of LiAl-CO₃ LDHs. The effects of electrolyte type, Li/Al molar ratio, and reaction temperature on LDHs formation were systematically investigated. Under the optimal conditions (Na₂SO₄ as electrolyte, Li/Al molar ratio of 4.5:1, reaction temperature of 80 °C and pH = 11), LiAl-CO₃ LDHs with a well-defined layered structure, high specific surface area, and the highest lithium content of 15.53 mg/g were obtained. Moreover, real lithium precipitation mother liquor was directly utilized as lithium and carbonate sources to synthesize LiAl-CO₃ LDHs, yielding a lithium content of 4.02 mg/g. Lithium was efficiently desorbed from LiAl-CO₃ LDHs via the hydrothermal process, achieving an average desorption rate of 90.72%. The lithium desorption mechanism was revealed through structural characterization before and after hydrothermal treatment. This work provides a sustainable and scalable synthesis route for aluminum-based lithium adsorbents toward efficient lithium recovery from industrial lithium precipitation mother liquor.

LiAl-CO₃层状双氢氧化物（LiAl-CO3 LDHs）由于其优异的结构稳定性和选择性锂离子亲和力，是一种有望从低品位碳酸盐型盐湖盐水中回收锂的吸附剂。然而，化学沉淀法和水热法等传统合成途径存在能量消耗高、反应时间长、操作程序复杂等问题，阻碍了其大规模应用。本文提出了一种简便、高效的LiAl-CO₃LDHs的电化学合成策略。系统地研究了电解质类型、Li/Al摩尔比和反应温度对LDHs形成的影响。在最佳条件下（Na₂SO₄为电解质，Li/Al摩尔比为4.5:1，反应温度为80℃，pH = 11），可制得层状结构清晰、比表面积高、锂含量最高为15.53 mg/g的LiAl-CO₃LDHs。利用真实锂沉淀母液直接作为锂源和碳酸盐源合成li - co₃LDHs，锂含量为4.02 mg/g。采用水热法对li - co₃LDHs中的锂进行了高效解吸，平均解吸率为90.72%。通过水热处理前后的结构表征，揭示了锂的解吸机理。本研究为从工业锂沉淀母液中高效回收锂提供了一条可持续、可扩展的铝基锂吸附剂合成路线。

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引用次数: 0

Robust design framework for high efficiency lithium extraction via flow-through electrosorption in complex water systems 坚固的设计框架，高效锂提取通过流动通过电吸附在复杂的水系统

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2026.119893

Yong-Uk Shin , Junho Cho , Minjeong Kim , Changha Lee , Hocheol Song

Addressing the growing global demand for lithium, this study introduces a next-generation flow-through electrosorption system designed for the selectively recovering lithium ions from seawater and various brine sources. Specifically, we designed and comparatively evaluated three types of cathode electrocatalysts, Lanthanum@Ti₄O₇@Titanium Carbide (TiC), Ti₄O₇@TiC, and TiC, each engineered to enhance lithium selectivity in the presence of competing ions such as Na⁺, K⁺, and Mg²⁺. The results demonstrated that the system comprising carbon cloth as the anode and La@Ti₄O₇@TiC as the cathode achieved the highest lithium recovery rate, demonstrating outstanding selectivity and adsorption performance. Under an optimized charging/discharging voltage of 1.3/−1.3 V, the La@Ti₄O₇@TiC cathode achieved a lithium recovery capacity of 29.85 μmol g⁻¹ with low specific energy consumption, while exhibiting high selectivity with Li/Na, Li/K, and Li/Mg ratios of approximately 3.5, 4.5, and 4.4, respectively. The underlying lithium-selective adsorption mechanism was systematically elucidated through cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), as well as density functional theory (DFT) calculations for each electrocatalyst. In addition, the system's operational stability and electrode durability were validated through multiple charge/discharge cycling tests. This study provides the first demonstration of lithium recovery via a flow-through electrosorption system, in which a lanthanum-modified Magnéli phase Ti₄O₇@TiC cathode achieves superior lithium selectivity by synergistically regulating electronic structure and ion transport. These findings provide important foundational insights for the strategic design of electrocatalysts and the process optimization of electrosorption-based separation systems for resource recovery.

为了解决全球对锂日益增长的需求，本研究介绍了下一代流动式电吸附系统，该系统旨在从海水和各种盐水来源中选择性地回收锂离子。具体来说，我们设计并比较评估了三种类型的阴极电催化剂，Lanthanum@Ti4O7@碳化钛（TiC）， Ti4O7@TiC和TiC，每种都设计用于在Na+， K+和Mg2+等竞争离子存在下提高锂的选择性。结果表明，以碳布为阳极，La@Ti4O7@TiC为阴极的体系锂回收率最高，具有优异的选择性和吸附性能。在优化的1.3/−1.3 V充放电电压下，La@Ti4O7@TiC阴极的锂回收容量为29.85 μmol g−1，比能耗较低，且具有较高的选择性，Li/Na、Li/K和Li/Mg比值分别约为3.5、4.5和4.4。通过循环伏安法（CV）和电化学阻抗谱（EIS）以及密度泛函理论（DFT）计算，系统地阐明了每种电催化剂的潜在锂选择吸附机理。此外，通过多次充电/放电循环测试，验证了该系统的运行稳定性和电极耐久性。这项研究首次展示了通过流动电吸附系统回收锂的方法，在该系统中，镧修饰的magn赏心相Ti4O7@TiC阴极通过协同调节电子结构和离子传输实现了优越的锂选择性。这些发现为电催化剂的策略设计和基于电吸附的资源回收分离系统的工艺优化提供了重要的基础见解。

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引用次数: 0

Electrodialysis seawater desalination rate prediction based on a convolutional attention network with global-inverted and local bottleneck structures 基于全局倒置和局部瓶颈结构卷积关注网络的电渗析海水淡化率预测

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2026.119904

Pengfei Wang , Haoye Chen , Qinlong Ren

Electrodialysis desalination is an effective solution to the global freshwater crisis, accurate desalination rate prediction is critical to its performance enhancement. Nevertheless, conventional multiphysics-based numerical simulations are computationally expensive, while experimental methods are costly and lack global optimization capability. This study proposes a convolutional attention network with global-inverted and local bottleneck (GILB) structures for electrodialysis desalination rate prediction. The model optimizes the overall architecture of CoAtNet through a global inverted bottleneck design, while incorporating multiscale parallel convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and local bottleneck structure into its Transformer module to enhance both global/local spatial feature extraction capabilities and modeling efficiency. Using sample data generated by a COMSOL Multiphysics-based numerical model of an electrodialysis seawater desalination device, ablation studies were conducted on its key components, along with benchmark comparisons against mainstream deep learning models. The ablation study results demonstrate that the proposed GILB structures and multiscale parallel CNNs significantly improve the prediction accuracy of the baseline framework. Specifically, they achieve a 78.34% reduction in the mean absolute error for predicting the average outlet ion concentration of the device, while also reducing model parameter scale by 45.28% compared to the base model. Benchmark comparisons demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms mainstream deep learning models such as CoAtNet, Transformer, and ResNet, with the mean absolute error reduced by at least 32.07%. This study provides significant insights for high-accuracy performance prediction and optimal design of electrodialysis desalination systems.

电渗析海水淡化是解决全球淡水危机的有效方法，准确的海水淡化率预测是提高电渗析海水淡化性能的关键。然而，传统的基于多物理场的数值模拟计算成本高，而实验方法成本高且缺乏全局优化能力。本文提出了一种具有全局反转和局部瓶颈（GILB）结构的卷积注意力网络用于电渗析脱盐速率预测。该模型通过全局倒瓶颈设计优化了CoAtNet的整体架构，同时将多尺度并行卷积神经网络（cnn）和局部瓶颈结构整合到其Transformer模块中，以提高全局/局部空间特征提取能力和建模效率。利用基于COMSOL multiphysics的电渗析海水淡化装置数值模型生成的样本数据，对其关键部件进行了烧蚀研究，并与主流深度学习模型进行了基准比较。烧蚀研究结果表明，所提出的GILB结构和多尺度并行cnn显著提高了基线框架的预测精度。具体来说，他们在预测设备平均出口离子浓度方面的平均绝对误差降低了78.34%，同时与基本模型相比，模型参数尺度降低了45.28%。基准比较表明，该模型优于主流深度学习模型，如CoAtNet、Transformer和ResNet，平均绝对误差至少降低了32.07%。该研究为电渗析脱盐系统的高精度性能预测和优化设计提供了重要的见解。

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引用次数: 0

MXene-based membranes for advanced desalination: Properties, engineering strategies, and emerging applications 基于mxene的先进海水淡化膜：性能，工程策略和新兴应用

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2026.119860

Salman Khan , Sami Ur Rahman , Abdullah Shah , Naveed Akhtar , Zahid Hussain , Naveed Ahmad , Ilunga Kamika , Shohreh Azizi , Malik Maaza

Membrane-based desalination is a promising solution, but conventional polymer membranes suffer from limitations in salt rejection, fouling resistance, and chemical stability. Two-dimensional MXene materials have emerged as promising alternatives: their lamellar structure, tunable interlayer spacing, surface terminations, and high electrical conductivity enable fast water transport and selective ion sieving. This comprehensive review provides an updated overview of recent advances in MXene-based membranes for various desalination processes (reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, forward osmosis, capacitive deionization, and membrane distillation). This work discusses fundamental MXene characteristics relevant to desalination including interlayer engineering, surface chemistry, and mechanical robustness and surveys a wide range of membrane architectures: pure MXene laminates, MXene–polymer composites, hybrid nanomaterial systems, and smart designs (bio-inspired, stimuli-responsive, and self-healing). This analysis reveals that MXene membranes consistently exhibit ultrahigh water permeability and high salt rejection across multiple desalination contexts, often surpassing conventional membranes. Strategies like crosslinking and composite fabrication have mitigated challenges of swelling and oxidation, while MXenes' intrinsic conductivity opens new antifouling and tunability mechanisms. By synthesizing knowledge from material design through system-level implementation, this review uniquely bridges fundamental science and practical deployment of MXene membranes, identifying remaining challenges such as long-term stability under realistic conditions and a deeper understanding of ion transport mechanisms, and outlines future research directions to advance scalable MXene-enabled desalination technologies.

基于膜的海水淡化是一种很有前途的解决方案，但传统的聚合物膜在防盐、抗污染和化学稳定性方面存在局限性。二维MXene材料已经成为一种很有前途的替代品：它们的层状结构、可调的层间间距、表面末端和高导电性使水的快速输送和选择性离子筛选成为可能。本文全面综述了mxene基膜在各种脱盐工艺（反渗透、纳滤、正向渗透、电容去离子和膜蒸馏）中的最新进展。这项工作讨论了与海水淡化相关的基本MXene特性，包括层间工程、表面化学和机械坚固性，并调查了广泛的膜结构：纯MXene层压板、MXene -聚合物复合材料、混合纳米材料系统和智能设计（生物启发、刺激响应和自我修复）。该分析表明，MXene膜在多种脱盐环境下始终表现出超高的透水性和高阻盐性，通常优于传统膜。交联和复合材料制造等策略减轻了膨胀和氧化的挑战，而MXenes的固有导电性开辟了新的防污和可调性机制。通过从材料设计到系统级实现的综合知识，本综述独特地将基础科学与MXene膜的实际部署联系起来，确定了在现实条件下的长期稳定性和对离子传输机制的更深入理解等仍然存在的挑战，并概述了未来的研究方向，以推进可扩展的MXene脱盐技术。

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引用次数: 0

Gradient-wettability tri-layer nanofiber membrane for efficient solar interfacial evaporation 用于高效太阳界面蒸发的梯度润湿性三层纳米纤维膜

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2026.119883

Hongwei Liu, Shuang Wu, Zhifan Guo, Danyu Zhang, Xiaohui Ju, Weixing Li

Solar-driven seawater desalination has garnered significant attention for mitigating global freshwater scarcity, but its practical application is often hampered by substantial heat loss, inefficient brine transport, and severe performance degradation during long-term operation. To solve these problems, a novel tri-layer electrospun nanofiber membrane (PVDF-MWCNTs-PVP) with gradient wettability is introduced. By utilizing polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a dispersant for multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), a gradient structure was meticulously crafted via multilayer electrospinning, comprising a hydrophobic layer with the water contact angle (WCA) of 147°, a transition layer with WCA ranging from 90° to 120°, and a hydrophilic layer with WCA below 90°. This innovative design enables a sequence of “water adsorption–rapid transportation–efficient evaporation”, effectively reconciling the balance between efficiency and durability. The gradient structure reduced the temperature differential between the membrane and liquid phase surface (ΔT) by 6.6 °C compared to bilayer membranes. In outdoor testing, the interface evaporation flux reached 2.10 kg·m⁻²·h⁻¹, while the flux of direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) achieved 9.65 kg·m⁻²·h⁻¹. The evaporation efficiency under sunlight illumination reached 87.34%, and the flux declined by only 3.32% after 120 h. The developed membrane has great prospects in seawater desalination and wastewater treatment.

太阳能海水淡化在缓解全球淡水短缺方面引起了广泛关注，但其实际应用往往受到大量热损失，盐水运输效率低下以及长期运行期间性能严重下降的阻碍。为了解决这些问题，介绍了一种具有梯度润湿性的新型三层电纺纳米纤维膜（PVDF-MWCNTs-PVP）。利用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）作为多壁碳纳米管（MWCNTs）的分散剂，通过多层静电纺丝精心制备了梯度结构，包括疏水层（水接触角为147°）、过渡层（水接触角为90°~ 120°）和亲水性层（水接触角小于90°）。这种创新的设计实现了“水吸附-快速运输-高效蒸发”的顺序，有效地协调了效率和耐用性之间的平衡。与双层膜相比，梯度结构使膜与液相表面（ΔT）的温差降低了6.6℃。在室外测试中，界面蒸发通量达到2.10 kg·m−2·h−1，直接接触膜蒸馏（DCMD）的通量达到9.65 kg·m−2·h−1。在阳光照射下蒸发效率达到87.34%，120 h后通量仅下降3.32%，在海水淡化和污水处理方面具有广阔的应用前景。

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引用次数: 0

Developing high-pressure osmotic membranes for pressure-retarded osmosis using hypersaline draw solutions 用高盐溶液制备缓压渗透用高压渗透膜

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2026.119894

Wanyu Li , Dan Li , Yuting Qian , Hong Liu , Qianhong She

Pressure-retarded osmosis (PRO) is a promising technology for osmotic energy harvesting and storage, particularly when using hypersaline draw solutions that promoted enhanced power generation. However, the osmotic membranes for PRO must be operated under high pressures (>50 bar) to realized full energy potential of the hypersaline solution. Conventional osmotic membranes with highly porous and thin substrates to enhance mass transfer usually have low mechanical stabilities and suffer severe deformation under such critical operating conditions. To overcome the trade-off between mechanical strength and mass transfer in conventional osmotic membranes, this study strategically engineered the membrane substrate with large finger-like pores to enhance mass transfer, while reinforcing mechanical strength through innovative membrane material selection and modification. Specifically, aluminium tri-sec-butoxide (ASB), a robust metal oxide, was used as membrane pore former and filler to first form a highly porous mix-matrix polyetherimide (PEI) substrate. Subsequently, 3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane (APTMS)-based sol-gel crosslinking was conducted to form inorganic interconnected networks within the polymeric membrane matrix, which substantially improved membrane strength without compromising mass transfer properties. The optimized membrane possessed high mass transfer coefficient of 2.47

\times

10⁻⁶ m/s and enhanced mechanical properties, and it demonstrated stable operation under operating pressure up to 55 bar and achieved power density of around 25 W/m², with a peak power density of ∼30 W/m² attained at an optimal operating pressure of ∼35 bar using a 2 M NaCl draw solution. Such peak performance was maintained for over 15 h at elevated pressure, within only 5% decline in power density was observed. This study highlights the importance of combining pore structure tailoring with chemical crosslinking to overcome the property trade-offs for high-pressure PRO membranes, providing fundamental insights and a promising basis for further studies toward sustainable osmotic energy harvesting and storage.

缓压渗透（PRO）是一种很有前途的渗透能量收集和储存技术，特别是当使用高盐溶液时，可以提高发电量。然而，PRO的渗透膜必须在高压（50巴）下操作，以实现高盐溶液的全部能量潜力。传统的渗透膜采用高多孔性和薄基底来增强传质，其机械稳定性较低，在这种临界操作条件下变形严重。为了克服传统渗透膜的机械强度和传质之间的权衡，本研究战略性地设计了具有大指状孔的膜基质来增强传质，同时通过创新的膜材料选择和改性来增强机械强度。具体来说，三叔丁醇铝（ASB）是一种坚固的金属氧化物，被用作膜孔形成剂和填料，首先形成高多孔的混合基聚醚酰亚胺（PEI）衬底。随后，以3-氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷（APTMS）为基础的溶胶-凝胶交联在聚合物膜基质内形成无机互联网络，在不影响传质性能的情况下大大提高了膜的强度。优化后的膜具有2.47×10−6 m/s的高传质系数和增强的力学性能，在高达55 bar的工作压力下表现出稳定的工作性能，功率密度约为25 W/m2，在2 m NaCl拉伸溶液的最佳工作压力为~ 35 bar时达到峰值功率密度为~ 30 W/m2。这种峰值性能在高压下保持超过15小时，功率密度仅下降5%。该研究强调了将孔隙结构定制与化学交联相结合的重要性，以克服高压PRO膜的性能权衡，为进一步研究可持续渗透能量收集和储存提供了基本见解和有希望的基础。

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引用次数: 0

An integrated BMED-ED membrane process for resource recovery from saline wastewater: Performance optimization and energy consumption analysis 含盐废水资源化的一体化BMED-ED膜工艺：性能优化与能耗分析

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2026.119901

Jiayun Shi , Tong Mu , Ruqin Guo , Liangyu Yu , Zheng Xiao , Junbin Liao , Yangbo Qiu , Huimin Ruan , Jiangnan Shen

Saline wastewater poses not only an industrial environmental problem but also a global challenge for sustainable water management. This study addresses the issues of achieving zero liquid discharge and resource utilization of saline wastewater in the chemical industry by proposing an integrated membrane process based on bipolar membrane electrodialysis-electrodialysis (BMED-ED). A systematic investigation was conducted on the effects of key parameters, such as feed volume ratio and operating voltage, on the process performance, including energy consumption, current efficiency, flux, and purity. The process feasibility was further validated using different combinations of ion-exchange membranes. Under the optimized conditions of an initial BMED volume ratio of 2:1:1 at 20 V and an initial ED volume ratio of 4:1 at 5 V, the process efficiently converted a 1 mol·L⁻¹ NaCl solution into 2 mol·L⁻¹ HCl, with a specific energy consumption of 3.23 kWh·kg⁻¹ HCl. The entire process requires no addition of other chemicals, is environmentally friendly, and demonstrates good technical feasibility and application potential, showing promise as a green route for wastewater zero liquid discharge.

含盐废水不仅是工业环境问题，也是可持续水管理的全球性挑战。本研究提出了一种基于双极膜电渗析-电渗析（BMED-ED）的集成膜工艺，解决了化工含盐废水的零液排放和资源化利用问题。系统研究了进料容积比和工作电压等关键参数对工艺性能的影响，包括能耗、电流效率、通量和纯度。采用不同的离子交换膜组合进一步验证了工艺的可行性。在20 V初始BMED体积比为2:1:1、5 V初始ED体积比为4:1的优化条件下，该工艺可将1 mol·L−1 NaCl溶液高效转化为2 mol·L−1 HCl，比能耗为3.23 kWh·kg−1 HCl。整个过程不需要添加其他化学物质，环境友好，具有良好的技术可行性和应用潜力，有望成为废水零液体排放的绿色路线。

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引用次数: 0

Efficient salt recovery from aqueous streams using multistage liquid-liquid extraction with thermo-responsive polymers 利用热响应聚合物多级液-液萃取技术从含水流中高效回收盐

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2026.119886

Gabriela Pulido , Daniël Feddes , Gerrald Bargeman , Boelo Schuur

Liquid-liquid extraction (LLX) using thermo-responsive polymers is a promising low-energy alternative for concentrating hypersaline brines from reverse osmosis (RO). This study presents a comprehensive evaluation of a multistage crosscurrent LLX process, comparing poly(propylene glycol) 400 (PPG 400) and the nonionic surfactant Dehypon® LS54. The methodology includes determining liquid-liquid equilibrium (LLE) data, a theoretical graphical multistage countercurrent LLX analysis, four-stage crosscurrent batch experiments, solvent regeneration, and product purification via thermally induced phase separation (TIPS). LLE results revealed that PPG 400 possesses higher water over salt selectivity. Using ternary diagrams from LLE results, it was found that PPG 400 and Dehypon® LS54 require four and five theoretical stages, respectively, to increase the NaCl concentration from 7 to 20 wt%. In comparative four-stage crosscurrent experiments, PPG 400 achieved a higher final raffinate NaCl concentration (17.8 wt%) than Dehypon® LS54 (13.8 wt%). Using TIPS, for both polymers high recovery (>99.5%) was achieved at 80 wt% to 97 wt% polymer purity. TIPS was also proven to be an effective separation for the raffinate streams, reducing polymer contamination to as low as 0.3 wt% for PPG 400 and 0.04 wt% for Dehypon® LS54. The co-extracted salt in the extract yielded a secondary brine stream (1.3 wt% to 10.4 wt% NaCl) rather than clean water, showing that more sophisticated processing and/or downstream purification is necessary to obtain high quality potable water. This work elucidates the fundamental trade-offs between thermodynamic selectivity, solvent loss, and product purity that govern the design of LLX systems for brine concentration and valorization.

利用热响应聚合物进行液-液萃取（LLX）是一种很有前途的低能耗替代方法，可用于从反渗透（RO）中浓缩高盐盐水。本研究对多级交流LLX工艺进行了综合评价，比较了聚（丙二醇）400 （PPG 400）和非离子表面活性剂Dehypon®LS54。该方法包括测定液液平衡（LLE）数据、理论图解多级逆流LLX分析、四级逆流批处理实验、溶剂再生和通过热诱导相分离（TIPS）纯化产品。LLE结果表明，PPG 400具有较高的水盐选择性。利用LLE结果的三元图，我们发现PPG 400和Dehypon®LS54分别需要4和5个理论阶段才能将NaCl浓度从7%提高到20%。在四段交叉流对比实验中，PPG 400的最终萃余液NaCl浓度（17.8 wt%）高于Dehypon®LS54 （13.8 wt%）。使用TIPS，两种聚合物的高回收率（99.5%）在80% wt%至97% wt%的聚合物纯度。TIPS也被证明是一种有效的分离萃余液流的方法，可将PPG 400的聚合物污染降低至0.3 wt%， Dehypon®LS54的聚合物污染降低至0.04 wt%。萃取物中的共萃取盐产生了二次盐水流（1.3 wt%至10.4 wt% NaCl），而不是纯净水，这表明需要更复杂的处理和/或下游净化才能获得高质量的饮用水。这项工作阐明了热力学选择性、溶剂损失和产品纯度之间的基本权衡，这些权衡决定了LLX系统用于卤水浓缩和增值的设计。

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引用次数: 0

Revisiting the value of high-flux seawater reverse osmosis membranes with asymmetric flow energy recovery 非对称流能回收高通量海水反渗透膜的应用价值

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2026.119895

Sangsuk Lee , Javier A. Quezada-Renteria , Eric M.V. Hoek

Herein, we describe and analyze a novel energy recovery device (ERD) for seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) – the asymmetric flow-pressure exchanger (AF-PX) – capable of achieving a lower specific energy consumption (SEC) than that of the optimized 2-stage SWRO systems (calculated as 2.3–2.5 kWh/m³) at high water recovery. The lower SEC of the AF-PX is attributed to its higher rate of exergy change, driven by its ability to handle greater high-pressure flow rates compared to the single Turbocharger and PX. Specifically, the AF-PX achieves 1.8 kWh/m³ at a 60% water recovery with a 5 LMH/bar SWRO membrane water permeability, whereas conventional PX systems require water permeability of 9 LMH/bar to reach the same SEC level. This advancement integrates high-efficiency isobaric ERD features with asymmetric flow rate handling and no requirement for a booster pump, optimizing energy usage in high water recovery two-stage SWRO by enhancing energy-saving from residual brine pressure. We hope this hypothetical ERD study stimulates the development of both AF-PX type ERDs and higher permeability SWRO membranes, paving the way for lower energy SWRO desalination.

在此，我们描述并分析了一种用于海水反渗透（SWRO）的新型能量回收装置(ERD) -不对称流压交换器（AF-PX），该装置在高水回收率下能够实现比能耗（SEC）低于优化的2级SWRO系统（计算为2.3-2.5 kWh/m3）。AF-PX的低SEC归因于其较高的火用变化率，与单个涡轮增压器和PX相比，它能够处理更大的高压流量。具体来说，AF-PX在60%的水采收率下达到1.8 kWh/m3， SWRO膜的透水性为5 LMH/bar，而传统的PX系统需要9 LMH/bar的透水性才能达到相同的SEC水平。该技术将高效等压ERD特性与非对称流量处理相结合，无需增压泵，通过提高剩余盐水压力的节能效果，优化了高采收率两级SWRO的能源利用。我们希望这一假设的ERD研究能够刺激AF-PX型ERD和高通透性SWRO膜的发展，为低能量SWRO脱盐铺平道路。

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引用次数: 0

LP single-driving RERD with inner shaft supporting for SWRO desalination system: structure design and performance optimization SWRO海水淡化系统内轴支撑LP单驱动rrd：结构设计与性能优化

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2026.119885

Hongshan Xu , Junqi Wang , Xinmiao Hou , Xiaobo Feng , Yuhao Yan , Liangjuan Ouyang , Yue Wang

To reduce the effect of energy loss caused by RERD on SWRO desalination system, the LP single-driving RERD with inner shaft supporting is innovatively proposed with a rated operating pressure of 6.0 MPa and capacity of 15.0 m³/h. Firstly, compared with outer sleeve supporting, the inner shaft supporting exhibits lower resisting moment. Compared with double-driving, LP single-driving with lower HP pressure loss performs lower driving moment to match the inner shaft supporting. Secondly, the backflow ratio is reduced by firstly decreasing the central angle of driving-flow part from 67.50° to 33.75°and secondly moving the LP brine nozzle close to the driving-flow part. As the result, the backflow optimization reduces the LP pressure loss and volumetric mixing. Additionally, increasing the rotor length from 100 mm to 150 mm further reduces the still high volumetric mixing. Finally, over the optimum flowrate range of 8.2 m³/h-17.1 m³/h, the LP single-driving RERD after structure optimization performs the volumetric mixing of 0.85%–2.03% and the energy recovery efficiency range of 97.9%–98.8%. The competitive performances of LP single-driving RERD compared to commercial products exhibit the potential for reducing the energy consumption of SWRO desalination system from the perspective of ERD.

为减少rrd对SWRO海水淡化系统能量损失的影响，创新提出了内轴支撑的LP单驱动rrd，额定工作压力为6.0 MPa，容量为15.0 m3/h。首先，与外套筒支承相比，内轴支承的阻力矩更小。与双驱动相比，低压单驱动的压力损失更小，驱动力矩更小，与内轴支撑相匹配。其次，将驱动流部分中心角从67.50°减小到33.75°，将LP盐水喷嘴移至驱动流部分附近，降低了回流比。结果表明，回流优化降低了低压压力损失和体积混合。此外，将转子长度从100毫米增加到150毫米，进一步减少了仍然高体积的混合。最终，在最佳流量8.2 m3/h-17.1 m3/h范围内，经结构优化后的低压单驱rrd的体积混合率为0.85% ~ 2.03%，能量回收效率为97.9% ~ 98.8%。LP单驱动rrd与商业产品相比的竞争性能显示了从ERD的角度降低SWRO海水淡化系统能耗的潜力。

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引用次数: 0