Desalination最新文献

B, N-codoped carbon skeletons with multistage pore structure for supercapacitor and capacitive deionization

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.118862

Haixian Guo , Hongliang Fu , Yue Lian , Jing Zhao , Huaihao Zhang

Due to the advantages of simple structure regulation, low cost and easy availability, asphalt-based carbon material has become a promising electrode material in supercapacitive research field. In this work, a boron-nitrogen co-doped multistage porous carbon material (BNMPC) was successfully prepared by various ways to regulate the nano-structure of asphalt-derived carbon material. From the synergistic activation of ammonium borate and potassium bicarbonate, the advanced pore structures were constructed, effectively ensuring full utilization of high specific surface area. At the same time, B and N atoms were successfully doped into the carbon lattice, which significantly improved the material's wettability and pseudocapacitance contribution. Ammonium borate (as doping and activation dual functional agent) secure the doping uniformity and stability of material properties. In addition, the B-N valence bond from B and N doping can improve the material's conductivity and ion transport kinetics, providing a strong guarantee for good supercapacitive properties. In supercapacitors (SC), BNMPC//BNMPC devices demonstrate superior performance, affording energy densities and power densities up to 8.3 Wh kg⁻¹ and 2.5 kW kg⁻¹, respectively. As for capacitor deionization (CDI) device, its salt adsorption capacity can reach 14.8 mg g⁻¹. In summary, the carbon materials prepared in this study show desirable capacitive properties.

沥青基碳材料具有结构调控简单、成本低廉、易于获得等优点，已成为超级电容研究领域一种前景广阔的电极材料。本研究采用多种方法调节沥青基碳材料的纳米结构，成功制备了硼氮共掺杂多级多孔碳材料（BNMPC）。通过硼酸铵和碳酸氢钾的协同活化，构建了先进的孔隙结构，有效保证了高比表面积的充分利用。同时，硼酸铵和碳酸氢钾还成功地在碳晶格中掺入了硼原子和氮原子，从而显著提高了材料的润湿性和伪电容贡献。硼酸铵（作为掺杂和活化双功能剂）确保了掺杂的均匀性和材料性能的稳定性。此外，掺杂 B 和 N 所产生的 B-N 价键还能改善材料的导电性和离子传输动力学，为实现良好的超级电容器性能提供了有力保障。在超级电容器（SC）中，BNMPC//BNMPC 器件表现出卓越的性能，能量密度和功率密度分别高达 8.3 Wh kg-1 和 2.5 kW kg-1。至于电容器去离子（CDI）装置，其盐吸附能力可达 14.8 mg g-1。总之，本研究制备的碳材料具有理想的电容特性。

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引用次数: 0

Case studies on the identification of environmental impact indicators in brine and distinguish the direct and indirect contributions of the desalination process

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.118860

Xuemin Feng , Xiaoqing Zhang , Junrui Cao , Li Zhang , Hanwen Song , Xiyuan Kou , Huafeng Ren , Yuhui Ma , Xunliang Wang

Discharge brine is perceived to be the major hurdle for desalination. Different from the dispersion properties of salinity and temperature, various chemicals in brine could have a lasting impact on the marine environment. So, identifying the chemical environmental impact indicators in brine and tracing their source is crucial for monitoring, regulating, and mitigating the brine's effects. We first investigated risky chemicals introduced and created by the operating desalination facility. Based on the in-situ studies verified monitoring of diverse risky chemicals in brine, we identified 27 chemical indicators in brine from five desalination plants in China. These chemical indicators represented global relevance and a steady state of temporal variability, which should be considered to continue monitoring and regulation. Especially total phosphorus (T-P), iron (Fe), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), and chromium (Cr) in some desalination plants that exceed the current standards. Combined with different statistical methods to trace the sources of these indicators, the results exhibited that most chemical indicators in brine mainly come from the raw seawater by the concentration effects. However, phosphate, total organophosphorus, T-P, residual and total chlorine, Fe, Al, Cu, nickel, Cr, cadmium, and trihalomethanes in brine can be derived from the desalination process by the water treatment agent residual, metal corrosion, and disinfection by-products. This finding identifies the chemicals to be monitored and regulated in brine, enabling effective targeted interventions for mitigation in desalination plants.

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引用次数: 0

Preparation of polyester amide nanofiltration membrane by low concentration hydroxyl monomer induced piperazine through intermolecular interaction

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.118858

Yuliang Wu , Rui Meng , Chen Chen , Yuliang Chen , Libo Ba , Yijiang Liu , Weiwei Huang , Fei Yang , Jun Cheng , Xuesong Yi , Shitao Zhi , Yajie Pang

In the preparation of polyester amide nanofiltration membranes, the utilization of excessively high concentrations of monomer containing polyhydroxyl group and prolonged reaction time may seriously reduce the production efficiency. Based on the polarity characteristics of monomers containing both hydroxyl and amino groups, this study proposed a new method through dipole-dipole interactions between polar molecules to form a stable “transition state” with a low concentration (0.004 % w·v⁻¹) of piperazine monomer and the highly polar monomer N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine, for facilitating the rapid synthesis of polyester amide nanofiltration membranes. This synergistic mechanism significantly accelerated the reaction rate with trimesoyl chloride and effectively improved the efficiency of preparation of polyester amide composite nanofiltration membranes. The dynamic changes of the reaction under this mechanism were thoroughly analyzed through physicochemical characterization, molecular dynamics simulation, density functional theory calculations, and performance testing. This research provided a new theoretical basis for the preparation of polyester amide nanofiltration membranes with low concentrations of hydroxyl monomers and promoted the development of polyester-amide nanofiltration membranes with low energy consumption and high efficiency.

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引用次数: 0

Dictyophora-based evaporator developed by sericin bidirectional crosslinking for photocatalytic degradation and efficient solar desalination in harsh environments

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.118849

Qian Yang , Junkai Gao , Mengsheng Xia , Jingkang Fang , Weipeng Wu , Yan Chen

This study introduces a novel dictyophora-based evaporator, SCNT/TiO₂@PAM-DIC, developed through a pioneering sericin bidirectional crosslinking strategy. This innovative material boasts a range of advantages, including environmental friendliness, salt resistance, antibacterial properties, acid and alkali resistance, oil repellency, and pressure resistance. By incorporating polyacrylamide (PAM) hydrogel enhanced with sericin, SCNT/TiO₂@PAM-DIC significantly improves the mechanical strength of dictyophora while offering anti-fouling, antibacterial, and high-efficiency evaporation capabilities. Unlike its predecessor DIC, SCNT/TiO₂@PAM-DIC retains a porous structure with a smoother surface, enabling multiple sunlight reflections and prolonged exposure, which enhances its solar absorption to an impressive 93 %. Photothermal conversion studies reveal that SCNT/TiO₂@PAM-DIC achieves a surface temperature of 63.5 °C within 5 min, surpassing DIC (29.1 °C) and S@PAM-DIC (30.9 °C). The evaporation rate of SCNT/TiO₂@PAM-DIC is significantly higher at 2.495 kg m⁻² h⁻¹, compared to 1.149 kg m⁻² h⁻¹ for DIC and 1.433 kg m⁻² h⁻¹ for S@PAM-DIC. Additionally, its dark evaporation rate is 1.8 times that of pure water. The material's exceptional salt rejection and self-cleaning properties are attributed to the presence of zwitterionic groups in its structure. Mechanically, SCNT/TiO₂@PAM-DIC demonstrates superior compressive performance and stability, with compressive stresses of 0.516 MPa at a 25 % compression ratio, significantly higher than DIC's 0.104 MPa. Furthermore, it achieves an 83.5 % photocatalytic degradation efficiency of methylene blue within 3 h. Its robust performance in challenging environments, such as oily wastewater, emulsified oil, organic dyes, and acidic/alkaline solutions, positions SCNT/TiO₂@PAM-DIC as a promising solution for advanced water purification technologies, offering a new avenue for sustainable water treatment.

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引用次数: 0

Energy-force coupling in interfacial solar vapor generation: A pathway to sustainable salt management

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.118854

Yihong Liu , Yawei Yang , Bowen Liu , Qi Zhao, Yuyao Shen, Mengyuan Qiang, Yong Ma, Wenxiu Que

Interfacial solar vapor generation (ISVG) has emerged as a promising approach for sustainable desalination, yet effective salt management remains challenging, particularly in high-salinity conditions. Herein, this review will introduce an energy-force coupling framework to analyze how solar energy is transformed into mechanical forces—such as gravity, capillary action, Marangoni convection, and diffusion—that drive essential functions of salt management: salt resistance for continuous vapor generation, zero-liquid discharge (ZLD) for combined vapor generation and salt extraction, and selective high-value salt (e.g. Lithium) concentration. By investigating capillary action for surface energy conversion, Marangoni-driven convection for gradient-based transport, and diffusion for concentration-driven ion separation, we elucidate the mechanisms through which solar energy sustains clean evaporation surfaces. This process is achieved by the coordinated interplay of multiple forces, enabling precise control of salt crystallization and facilitating targeted recovery of high-value salts. By reframing salt management as a dynamic interplay of solar-driven forces, this perspective provides a foundational approach to designing next-generation desalination systems that extend beyond water recovery to resource extraction, as well as offering transformative insights to guide sustainable desalination technologies aimed at addressing both freshwater and mineral resource needs.

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引用次数: 0

Manipulating π electron behavior of graphene for remarkable solar steam generation and salt recovery

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.118855

Qiang Tang, Yi-Le Chen, Jia-Wei Zhu, Huan Jin, Ming Xue, Lin Gu, Jing Yang, Qing-Yun Wu

Solar steam generation is of interest as a promising and sustainable technology in response to global water scarcity and energy scarcity. Despite great effort is continuously dedicated to exploiting powerful materials and excellent configurations, the synchronous modulation of electron behavior on both the solar absorption and the assembly of photothermal materials is still less well addressed for outstanding solar steam generation. Herein, the π electrons of graphene are finely manipulated by varying the C/O (sp²/sp³) ratio, which further regulates the π-conjugate network on the graphitic plane, and then tunes the 3D self-assembly. A combined experimental and theoretical investigation is firstly conducted on the effects of π electron tuning on the solar absorption and photothermal conversion property of deoxidized graphene oxide (dGO), as well as the solar interfacial evaporation and salt recovery performance of dGO aerogels: 1) dGO with a high C/O ratio exhibits a sizable π–conjugate network, reducing the band gap, leading to a mean solar absorbance as high as 97.6 %; 2) A dGO aerogel π–π self-stacked by dGO nanosheets with a C/O ratio of 4.63 affords the best balance between the water adsorption and heat insulation, yielding an extraordinary evaporation rate of 5.82 kg m⁻² h⁻¹ under one sun of irradiation; 3) A “U” shaped dGO aerogel is well designed to recover salt with a rate up to 0.374 kg m⁻² h⁻¹ as well as long–term evaporation performance. This work opens an effective route to design high–efficiency solar interfacial evaporators which especially has vital reference significance for carbonaceous and polymer–based photothermal materials.

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引用次数: 0

Poly(aryl piperidine) anion exchange membrane with self-assembled siloxane crosslinked networks for efficient ion separation in alkaline waste treatment via electrodialysis

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.118853

Yazhen Jiang , Tong Mu , Ning Ding , Yangke Pan , Geting Xu , Junbin Liao , Edison Huixiang Ang , Jiangnan Shen

In electrodialysis technology applications, anion-exchange membranes (AEMs) have great potential in recovering alkali from industrial wastes and are expected to recover alkali from industrial wastes. In this study, a series of AEMs based on polyarylpiperidines crosslinked with varying ratios of siloxanes were synthesized. Compared to the uncrosslinked PBP AEM and commercial Neosepta AHA, biphenylpiperidine-based AEMs (PBP-CPMTS₄₀ and PBP-CPMTS₆₀) demonstrated superior ion flux, alkali separation performance, and economic efficiency due to their optimized water uptake (WU) and ion exchange capacity (IEC). Notably, PBP-CPMTS₆₀ AEM exhibited optimal water swelling, low membrane resistance (1.98 Ω·cm²), and the highest OH⁻ conductivity (14.1 mS·cm⁻¹) at room temperature. It also demonstrated excellent alkali stability, retaining 89.71 % of its IEC and 85.07 % of its OH⁻ conductivity after 1200 h of exposure to 2 M NaOH at 80 °C. During Cl⁻ and OH⁻ ion separation via electrodialysis, the dilution compartment concentration decreased from 0.40 M to 0.12 M within 180 min, achieving a high current efficiency of 87.21 % and an energy consumption of 2.32 kW·h·kg⁻¹. This study presents a rational siloxane crosslinking strategy to mitigate AEM degradation in alkaline environments, offering significant potential for electrodialysis-based alkali concentration application.

{"title":"Poly(aryl piperidine) anion exchange membrane with self-assembled siloxane crosslinked networks for efficient ion separation in alkaline waste treatment via electrodialysis","authors":"Yazhen Jiang , Tong Mu , Ning Ding , Yangke Pan , Geting Xu , Junbin Liao , Edison Huixiang Ang , Jiangnan Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118853","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118853","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In electrodialysis technology applications, anion-exchange membranes (AEMs) have great potential in recovering alkali from industrial wastes and are expected to recover alkali from industrial wastes. In this study, a series of AEMs based on polyarylpiperidines crosslinked with varying ratios of siloxanes were synthesized. Compared to the uncrosslinked PBP AEM and commercial Neosepta AHA, biphenylpiperidine-based AEMs (PBP-CPMTS<sub>40</sub> and PBP-CPMTS<sub>60</sub>) demonstrated superior ion flux, alkali separation performance, and economic efficiency due to their optimized water uptake (WU) and ion exchange capacity (IEC). Notably, PBP-CPMTS<sub>60</sub> AEM exhibited optimal water swelling, low membrane resistance (1.98 Ω·cm<sup>2</sup>), and the highest OH<sup>−</sup> conductivity (14.1 mS·cm<sup>−1</sup>) at room temperature. It also demonstrated excellent alkali stability, retaining 89.71 % of its IEC and 85.07 % of its OH<sup>−</sup> conductivity after 1200 h of exposure to 2 M NaOH at 80 °C. During Cl<sup>−</sup> and OH<sup>−</sup> ion separation via electrodialysis, the dilution compartment concentration decreased from 0.40 M to 0.12 M within 180 min, achieving a high current efficiency of 87.21 % and an energy consumption of 2.32 kW·h·kg<sup>−1</sup>. This study presents a rational siloxane crosslinking strategy to mitigate AEM degradation in alkaline environments, offering significant potential for electrodialysis-based alkali concentration application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"608 ","pages":"Article 118853"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dual-functional tight ultrafiltration membrane constructed from aminoquinone networks for sufficient dye/salt selectivity and bacterial inactivation

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.118842

Riri Liu , Hanna Vanermen , Jiale Du , Qin Chen , Zijian Yu , Junwei Li , Pengrui Jin , Junfeng Zheng , Alexander Volodin , Wenyuan Ye , Raf Dewil , Ming Xie , Jiuyang Lin , Bart Van der Bruggen

Membranes used for the treatment of highly saline textile wastewater generally suffer from low dye/salt selectivity and biofouling issues. Herein, the facile assembly of vanillic acid/ε-polylysine-based aminoquinone networks (AQN) on a porous PES substrate is proposed for the construction of a dual-functional tight ultrafiltration membrane with high dye/salt separation efficacy and superior antimicrobial functionality. By regulating the assembly duration, the surface structure and properties (i.e., thickness, roughness, hydrophilicity and pore size) of the composite AQN coating can be precisely tailored. Specifically, the optimized AQN-60 tight ultrafiltration composite membrane (MWCO of 3450 Da) experienced >98.50 % dye rejection and <3.56 % NaCl rejection for various dye/salt mixtures. Additionally, the prepared AQN-60 composite membrane demonstrated stable fractionation performance with an eventual dye rejection of 98.70 % and salt rejection of 3.98 % after 24-h filtration of a reactive blue 2/NaCl mixed solution. Furthermore, the integration of ε-polylysine onto the AQN-60 composite membrane markedly enhanced the antimicrobial ability of the tight ultrafiltration membrane, which showed good inhibition efficiency (98.75 %) against E. coli bacteria.

{"title":"Dual-functional tight ultrafiltration membrane constructed from aminoquinone networks for sufficient dye/salt selectivity and bacterial inactivation","authors":"Riri Liu , Hanna Vanermen , Jiale Du , Qin Chen , Zijian Yu , Junwei Li , Pengrui Jin , Junfeng Zheng , Alexander Volodin , Wenyuan Ye , Raf Dewil , Ming Xie , Jiuyang Lin , Bart Van der Bruggen","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118842","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118842","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Membranes used for the treatment of highly saline textile wastewater generally suffer from low dye/salt selectivity and biofouling issues. Herein, the facile assembly of vanillic acid/ε-polylysine-based aminoquinone networks (AQN) on a porous PES substrate is proposed for the construction of a dual-functional tight ultrafiltration membrane with high dye/salt separation efficacy and superior antimicrobial functionality. By regulating the assembly duration, the surface structure and properties (i.e., thickness, roughness, hydrophilicity and pore size) of the composite AQN coating can be precisely tailored. Specifically, the optimized AQN-60 tight ultrafiltration composite membrane (MWCO of 3450 Da) experienced >98.50 % dye rejection and <3.56 % NaCl rejection for various dye/salt mixtures. Additionally, the prepared AQN-60 composite membrane demonstrated stable fractionation performance with an eventual dye rejection of 98.70 % and salt rejection of 3.98 % after 24-h filtration of a reactive blue 2/NaCl mixed solution. Furthermore, the integration of ε-polylysine onto the AQN-60 composite membrane markedly enhanced the antimicrobial ability of the tight ultrafiltration membrane, which showed good inhibition efficiency (98.75 %) against <em>E. coli</em> bacteria.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"608 ","pages":"Article 118842"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synergistic effects of sulfate and fluoride ions on vaterite production: Influence of major seawater ions

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.118852

Sehun Kim , Yuvaraj Subramanian , Myoung-Jin Kim

Vaterite, the least stable polymorph of CaCO₃, is valued in various industries for its large surface area, solubility, and biocompatibility. However, its synthesis often requires costly methods involving additives, high temperatures, or ultrasonic techniques. Recently, we synthesized small vaterite particles using seawater as an indirect carbonation solvent, though the key seawater components influencing vaterite formation remain unclear. In this study, we explore the effects of key seawater components, specifically SO₄²⁻ and F⁻, on vaterite formation and particle size during an indirect carbonation process. The simultaneous addition of SO₄²⁻ and F⁻ demonstrates a synergistic effect, doubling the vaterite content and halving the particle size compared with when these ions are used individually. As a result, the vaterite content exceeds 98 %, with particle sizes below 2.5 μm, which is comparable with those produced using seawater. This synergy is attributed to their ability to influence the lattice structure of CaCO₃, preventing the recrystallization of vaterite into calcite. Furthermore, F⁻ effectively reduces particle size and enhances vaterite porosity, significantly increasing surface area and pore volume. This method, which uses minimal ion concentrations, offers a cost-effective and scalable alternative to traditional vaterite production techniques. This research highlights the potential for producing fine vaterite with enhanced properties, especially for industrial applications, such as drug delivery systems.

{"title":"Synergistic effects of sulfate and fluoride ions on vaterite production: Influence of major seawater ions","authors":"Sehun Kim , Yuvaraj Subramanian , Myoung-Jin Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118852","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118852","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vaterite, the least stable polymorph of CaCO<sub>3</sub>, is valued in various industries for its large surface area, solubility, and biocompatibility. However, its synthesis often requires costly methods involving additives, high temperatures, or ultrasonic techniques. Recently, we synthesized small vaterite particles using seawater as an indirect carbonation solvent, though the key seawater components influencing vaterite formation remain unclear. In this study, we explore the effects of key seawater components, specifically SO₄<sup>2−</sup> and F<sup>−</sup>, on vaterite formation and particle size during an indirect carbonation process. The simultaneous addition of SO₄<sup>2−</sup> and F<sup>−</sup> demonstrates a synergistic effect, doubling the vaterite content and halving the particle size compared with when these ions are used individually. As a result, the vaterite content exceeds 98 %, with particle sizes below 2.5 μm, which is comparable with those produced using seawater. This synergy is attributed to their ability to influence the lattice structure of CaCO<sub>3</sub>, preventing the recrystallization of vaterite into calcite. Furthermore, F<sup>−</sup> effectively reduces particle size and enhances vaterite porosity, significantly increasing surface area and pore volume. This method, which uses minimal ion concentrations, offers a cost-effective and scalable alternative to traditional vaterite production techniques. This research highlights the potential for producing fine vaterite with enhanced properties, especially for industrial applications, such as drug delivery systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"608 ","pages":"Article 118852"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143735318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Heat transfer, and Energy, Exergy, Economic, Exergoeconomic, Exergoenvironment, Enviroeconomic (6E) analysis of a modified pyramidal solar still with pulsating heat pipe, PCM and fins: An experimental investigation

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-03-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.118850

Nagendra Pandey, Y. Naresh

The rising global demand for freshwater, driven by population growth and water scarcity, necessitates efficient desalination solutions. This study presents a comprehensive heat transfer analysis and a 6E assessment (Energy, Exergy, Economic, Exergoeconomic, Exergoenvironmental, and Enviroeconomic) of novel solar still (SS) design integrating a Pulsating Heat Pipe (PHP), Phase Change Material (PCM), and fins. Three configurations of pyramidal solar stills (PSS) were assessed through experimental investigations: Case 1 is a Conventional Pyramidal Solar Still (CPSS), Case 2 integrates Phase Change Material (PCM) and fins (MPSS1), and Case 3 incorporates Pulsating Heat Pipe (PHP), PCM, and fins (MPSS2). The yield in Case 3 was 5.42 L/m²/day, which was 35.40 % and 94.96 % higher than the yields of Case 2 and Case 1, respectively. Case 3 also demonstrated an average energy efficiency of 44.10 %, surpassing Case 2 and Case 1 by 23.58 % and 31.51 %, respectively. Additionally, the exergy efficiency of Case 3 was 28.72 % higher than Case 2 and 19.30 % greater than Case 1. The average total heat transfer coefficient for Cases 1, 2, and 3 were 24.54 W/m²-K, 25.23 W/m²-K, and 30.29 W/m²-K, respectively. Economic analysis indicated Cost per Liter (CPL) values of $0.014 for Case 3, which exhibited cost reductions of 14.28 % and 41.33 % compared to Case 2 and Case 1, respectively. Energy production factors for Cases 1, 2, and 3 were 0.89, 0.69, and 0.73 yr⁻¹, respectively. Case 3 achieved the highest savings ($217.5), surpassing Case 2 by 35.07 % and Case 1 by 83.54 %. Its advanced design with PHP, PCM, and fins resulted in the highest energy-economic parameter (22.178 kWh/$). The treated water met potable standards with a pH of 6.98, salinity removal, and reduced TDS (72 mg/L). This study emphasizes that incorporating fins, PCM, and PHP into CPSS enhances water yield, energy efficiency, and economic feasibility while promoting sustainability.

{"title":"Heat transfer, and Energy, Exergy, Economic, Exergoeconomic, Exergoenvironment, Enviroeconomic (6E) analysis of a modified pyramidal solar still with pulsating heat pipe, PCM and fins: An experimental investigation","authors":"Nagendra Pandey, Y. Naresh","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118850","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118850","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rising global demand for freshwater, driven by population growth and water scarcity, necessitates efficient desalination solutions. This study presents a comprehensive heat transfer analysis and a 6E assessment (Energy, Exergy, Economic, Exergoeconomic, Exergoenvironmental, and Enviroeconomic) of novel solar still (SS) design integrating a Pulsating Heat Pipe (PHP), Phase Change Material (PCM), and fins. Three configurations of pyramidal solar stills (PSS) were assessed through experimental investigations: Case 1 is a Conventional Pyramidal Solar Still (CPSS), Case 2 integrates Phase Change Material (PCM) and fins (MPSS1), and Case 3 incorporates Pulsating Heat Pipe (PHP), PCM, and fins (MPSS2). The yield in Case 3 was 5.42 L/m<sup>2</sup>/day, which was 35.40 % and 94.96 % higher than the yields of Case 2 and Case 1, respectively. Case 3 also demonstrated an average energy efficiency of 44.10 %, surpassing Case 2 and Case 1 by 23.58 % and 31.51 %, respectively. Additionally, the exergy efficiency of Case 3 was 28.72 % higher than Case 2 and 19.30 % greater than Case 1. The average total heat transfer coefficient for Cases 1, 2, and 3 were 24.54 W/m<sup>2</sup>-K, 25.23 W/m<sup>2</sup>-K, and 30.29 W/m<sup>2</sup>-K, respectively. Economic analysis indicated Cost per Liter (CPL) values of $0.014 for Case 3, which exhibited cost reductions of 14.28 % and 41.33 % compared to Case 2 and Case 1, respectively. Energy production factors for Cases 1, 2, and 3 were 0.89, 0.69, and 0.73 yr<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. Case 3 achieved the highest savings ($217.5), surpassing Case 2 by 35.07 % and Case 1 by 83.54 %. Its advanced design with PHP, PCM, and fins resulted in the highest energy-economic parameter (22.178 kWh/$). The treated water met potable standards with a pH of 6.98, salinity removal, and reduced TDS (72 mg/L). This study emphasizes that incorporating fins, PCM, and PHP into CPSS enhances water yield, energy efficiency, and economic feasibility while promoting sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"609 ","pages":"Article 118850"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143777508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0