Desalination最新文献

Covalent tensor hydrogel using a self-semisacrificing strategy for effective photothermal steam generation

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-02-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.118754

Yingqi Wang , Wenxin Lu , Hanyi Hou , Fei Yao , Xiaorui Li , Xin Du , Xingang Wang , Hongliang Dai , Hongya Geng

Widespread access to solar-driven steam generation requires monolithic structures with enhanced light absorption, water transportation, and heat allocation. However, the precise assembly of building blocks necessary for this integration remains a considerable challenge. This study develops a superior covalent tensor hydrogel (CTH) consisting of microgels prepared using a microfluidic device. Our self-semisacrificial approach employs chitosan and polyethene glycol as linkers to automatically assembly their microgels, which can be further precisely regulated through ultrasonic treatment and ultraviolet irradiation. The hierarchically porous CTH features a rough upper layer that enhances light absorption and a hierarchically porous hydrogel matrix that localizes heat, promoting energy absorption and thermal management. This design enhances interfacial solar light absorption and thermal insulation, with a low thermal conductivity of 0.3 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹, achieving a maximum evaporation rate of 3.1 kg m⁻² h⁻¹. The vertical distribution of microgels within CTH creates a gradient capillary force, effectively driving water transport to the interface and enabling self-cleaning properties for prolonged effective water evaporation. This CTH monolith represents a highly effective replacement for current hydrogels in effective green solar energy usage.

{"title":"Covalent tensor hydrogel using a self-semisacrificing strategy for effective photothermal steam generation","authors":"Yingqi Wang , Wenxin Lu , Hanyi Hou , Fei Yao , Xiaorui Li , Xin Du , Xingang Wang , Hongliang Dai , Hongya Geng","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118754","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118754","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Widespread access to solar-driven steam generation requires monolithic structures with enhanced light absorption, water transportation, and heat allocation. However, the precise assembly of building blocks necessary for this integration remains a considerable challenge. This study develops a superior covalent tensor hydrogel (CTH) consisting of microgels prepared using a microfluidic device. Our self-semisacrificial approach employs chitosan and polyethene glycol as linkers to automatically assembly their microgels, which can be further precisely regulated through ultrasonic treatment and ultraviolet irradiation. The hierarchically porous CTH features a rough upper layer that enhances light absorption and a hierarchically porous hydrogel matrix that localizes heat, promoting energy absorption and thermal management. This design enhances interfacial solar light absorption and thermal insulation, with a low thermal conductivity of 0.3 W m<sup>−1</sup> K<sup>−1</sup>, achieving a maximum evaporation rate of 3.1 kg m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>. The vertical distribution of microgels within CTH creates a gradient capillary force, effectively driving water transport to the interface and enabling self-cleaning properties for prolonged effective water evaporation. This CTH monolith represents a highly effective replacement for current hydrogels in effective green solar energy usage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"605 ","pages":"Article 118754"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An efficient approach for simultaneous CO2 mineralization and nickel separation from laterite leachate

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.118738

Yuxiang Gao , Jinmao Hua , Sohrab Rohani , Wen Cao , Guoquan Zhang , Zhen Yang , Zhifeng Qin , Qingcai Liu , Weizao Liu

Currently, nickel production is mainly based on a high−carbon−footprint refining process. An alternative low−carbon nickel recovery method is vital for sustainable development. This study presented a technique for nickel separation and CO₂ mineral sequestration from a nickel and magnesium−containing leachate. Eh − pH results showed that the conditions for forming nickel−ammonium complexes closely aligned with those for magnesium carbonate formation. Thus, magnesium was selectively separated by injecting CO₂ and ammonia. Under the conditions of Mg²⁺ concentration of 0.8 mol/L, NH₃/Mg molar ratio of 8, CO₂ flow rate of 200 ml/min, injection time of 60 min, and aging time of 60 min, magnesium precipitation ratio approached 100 %, with nickel loss below 1 %. Increased concentrations of [NH₃] and [CO₂] in the solution facilitated the separation of magnesium and nickel, while promoting the precipitation of magnesium ions as porous MgCO₃·3H₂O clusters. Nickel can be recovered as NiCO₃ from the Mg − depleted solution by evaporation. This paper integrated CO₂ mineralization with the recovery of valuable nickel into a single step, maximizing nickel selectivity and minimizing CO₂ emissions.

{"title":"An efficient approach for simultaneous CO2 mineralization and nickel separation from laterite leachate","authors":"Yuxiang Gao , Jinmao Hua , Sohrab Rohani , Wen Cao , Guoquan Zhang , Zhen Yang , Zhifeng Qin , Qingcai Liu , Weizao Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118738","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118738","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Currently, nickel production is mainly based on a high−carbon−footprint refining process. An alternative low−carbon nickel recovery method is vital for sustainable development. This study presented a technique for nickel separation and CO<sub>2</sub> mineral sequestration from a nickel and magnesium−containing leachate. Eh − pH results showed that the conditions for forming nickel−ammonium complexes closely aligned with those for magnesium carbonate formation. Thus, magnesium was selectively separated by injecting CO<sub>2</sub> and ammonia. Under the conditions of Mg<sup>2+</sup> concentration of 0.8 mol/L, NH<sub>3</sub>/Mg molar ratio of 8, CO<sub>2</sub> flow rate of 200 ml/min, injection time of 60 min, and aging time of 60 min, magnesium precipitation ratio approached 100 %, with nickel loss below 1 %. Increased concentrations of [NH<sub>3</sub>] and [CO<sub>2</sub>] in the solution facilitated the separation of magnesium and nickel, while promoting the precipitation of magnesium ions as porous MgCO<sub>3</sub>·3H<sub>2</sub>O clusters. Nickel can be recovered as NiCO<sub>3</sub> from the Mg − depleted solution by evaporation. This paper integrated CO<sub>2</sub> mineralization with the recovery of valuable nickel into a single step, maximizing nickel selectivity and minimizing CO<sub>2</sub> emissions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"604 ","pages":"Article 118738"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143480417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative assessment for the zero‑carbon desalination plant using nanofiltration pretreatment and membrane contactor-based carbon mineralization technology

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.118746

Ji-Hun Mun , Chihyuk Ahn , Aqil Jamal , Tae-Hyun Bae

This study proposes a zero‑carbon desalination plant design that incorporates nanofiltration (NF) pretreatment with membrane contactor-based CO₂ mineralization to address water scarcity issue through an environmentally sustainable approach. The NF pretreatment, utilizing NF90 and NF270 membranes, effectively reduces osmotic pressure and enhances the efficiency of the subsequent reverse osmosis (RO) process. The CO₂ mineralization process, a carbon capture and utilization technology, employs silane–modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) hollow fiber membranes to capture of CO₂ and convert it into stable carbonates (

{CaCO}_{3}

and

{MgCO}_{3}

). The study evaluates two scenarios with different NF strategies through a 3E (energy, environmental and economic) analysis. In Scenario 1, a high-performance NF pretreatment is used to increase the capacity of the carbon mineralization process. This results in a higher levelized cost of water (LCOW) for NF but reduces the LCOW for the RO and membrane contactor (MC) processes, achieving an optimal LCOW of $1.2953/m³ at 70 % NF RE. Scenario 2, which prioritizes a more cost-effective NF pretreatment system (NF270), achieves a lower LCOW for NF due to its higher flux, reaching a minimum LCOW of 1.0403/m³ at 80 % NF RE, despite higher RO costs. Scenario 2 is deemed more feasible than Scenario 1 due to its lower overall cost at a carbon offset price of $20/tonCO₂. However, as the carbon price is projected to rise from $20 to $80 per ton by 2035, Scenario 1 is expected to become more economically viable over time. This highlights the need to adapt the NF strategy as carbon prices increase.

{"title":"Comparative assessment for the zero‑carbon desalination plant using nanofiltration pretreatment and membrane contactor-based carbon mineralization technology","authors":"Ji-Hun Mun , Chihyuk Ahn , Aqil Jamal , Tae-Hyun Bae","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118746","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118746","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes a zero‑carbon desalination plant design that incorporates nanofiltration (NF) pretreatment with membrane contactor-based CO<sub>2</sub> mineralization to address water scarcity issue through an environmentally sustainable approach. The NF pretreatment, utilizing NF90 and NF270 membranes, effectively reduces osmotic pressure and enhances the efficiency of the subsequent reverse osmosis (RO) process. The CO<sub>2</sub> mineralization process, a carbon capture and utilization technology, employs silane–modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) hollow fiber membranes to capture of CO<sub>2</sub> and convert it into stable carbonates (<span><math><msub><mi>CaCO</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mi>MgCO</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math></span>). The study evaluates two scenarios with different NF strategies through a 3E (energy, environmental and economic) analysis. In Scenario 1, a high-performance NF pretreatment is used to increase the capacity of the carbon mineralization process. This results in a higher levelized cost of water (LCOW) for NF but reduces the LCOW for the RO and membrane contactor (MC) processes, achieving an optimal LCOW of $1.2953/m<sup>3</sup> at 70 % NF RE. Scenario 2, which prioritizes a more cost-effective NF pretreatment system (NF270), achieves a lower LCOW for NF due to its higher flux, reaching a minimum LCOW of 1.0403/m<sup>3</sup> at 80 % NF RE, despite higher RO costs. Scenario 2 is deemed more feasible than Scenario 1 due to its lower overall cost at a carbon offset price of $20/tonCO<sub>2</sub>. However, as the carbon price is projected to rise from $20 to $80 per ton by 2035, Scenario 1 is expected to become more economically viable over time. This highlights the need to adapt the NF strategy as carbon prices increase.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"605 ","pages":"Article 118746"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Super Li+/Mg2+ sieving and regenerable potentials of a nanofiltration membrane with intermediate layers of positively-charged hyperbranched polyamide

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.118737

Xiaozhuan Zhang , Yilin Zhang , Guohua Zhao , Ying Zhang , Yutong Zhang , Yingyu Chang , Xiangyi Zhang , Bingbing Yuan , Ping Hu , Kejiang Zhao , Tatiana Plisko , Liang Zhao

Constructing an intermediate layer has attracted extensive research interests in improving the separation efficiency of nanofiltration (NF) membrane. However, present NF membranes with intermediate layers face the problem of limited Li⁺/Mg²⁺ sieving efficiency and costly regeneration. Here we reported the grafting of intermediate layer of positively-charged hyperbranched polyamides (HBPA/4-APL) on polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane (PSF-UFM) as substrate by diazotization coupling reaction, and then to form a NF membrane via the interfacial polymerization process. This study presented a novel approach to fabricate NF membrane with intermediate layers of HBPA/4-APL between negatively-charged polyamide skin layers. This study clearly elucidated that HBPA/4-APL intermediate layer could strictly regulate the structure of polyamide (PA) nanomembranes formed on PSF-UFM, resulting in enhanced ion sieving selectivity. Our membrane exhibited uniform nanostripes, fine-tuned aperture, and thinner thickness. Our membrane had a maximum water flux of 2.49 times that of PA nanomembranes formed on pristine PSF-UFM without HBPA/4-APL intermediate layer. The separation factor of Li⁺/Mg²⁺ was 72.19, 63.75 and 60.34 when the Mg²⁺/Li⁺ mass ratio in the feed solution was 7.65:1, 15.3:1 and 30.6:1, respectively. Our membrane had regenerable capability after in-situ HCl washing. So our NF membrane showed great promise for Li⁺/Mg²⁺ separation. This work also offered a new strategy of robust regenerable membranes.

{"title":"Super Li+/Mg2+ sieving and regenerable potentials of a nanofiltration membrane with intermediate layers of positively-charged hyperbranched polyamide","authors":"Xiaozhuan Zhang , Yilin Zhang , Guohua Zhao , Ying Zhang , Yutong Zhang , Yingyu Chang , Xiangyi Zhang , Bingbing Yuan , Ping Hu , Kejiang Zhao , Tatiana Plisko , Liang Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118737","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118737","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Constructing an intermediate layer has attracted extensive research interests in improving the separation efficiency of nanofiltration (NF) membrane. However, present NF membranes with intermediate layers face the problem of limited Li<sup>+</sup>/Mg<sup>2+</sup> sieving efficiency and costly regeneration. Here we reported the grafting of intermediate layer of positively-charged hyperbranched polyamides (HBPA/4-APL) on polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane (PSF-UFM) as substrate by diazotization coupling reaction, and then to form a NF membrane via the interfacial polymerization process. This study presented a novel approach to fabricate NF membrane with intermediate layers of HBPA/4-APL between negatively-charged polyamide skin layers. This study clearly elucidated that HBPA/4-APL intermediate layer could strictly regulate the structure of polyamide (PA) nanomembranes formed on PSF-UFM, resulting in enhanced ion sieving selectivity. Our membrane exhibited uniform nanostripes, fine-tuned aperture, and thinner thickness. Our membrane had a maximum water flux of 2.49 times that of PA nanomembranes formed on pristine PSF-UFM without HBPA/4-APL intermediate layer. The separation factor of Li<sup>+</sup>/Mg<sup>2+</sup> was 72.19, 63.75 and 60.34 when the Mg<sup>2+</sup>/Li<sup>+</sup> mass ratio in the feed solution was 7.65:1, 15.3:1 and 30.6:1, respectively. Our membrane had regenerable capability after in-situ HCl washing. So our NF membrane showed great promise for Li<sup>+</sup>/Mg<sup>2+</sup> separation. This work also offered a new strategy of robust regenerable membranes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"604 ","pages":"Article 118737"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143480416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rapid processing of dispersed hydrate-based purification for high-yield seawater desalination and wastewater treatment

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-02-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.118741

Huilian Sun, Shuai Wang, Shiqi Wang, Yongchen Song, Zheng Ling, Lunxiang Zhang

Green utilization and sustainable desalination based on hydrate formation have attracted considerable attention. However, its industrial application is limited by slow kinetics and low final-conversion considering hydrate phase change. In this study, we creatively present a desalination approach of dispersed hydrate formation by incorporating the non-ionic surfactant Span 80. The addition of Span 80 enhanced the dispersion of cyclopentane (CP) in saline solution and generated the micron emulsion; as a result, the contact of the host water molecules and the guest molecules increased and the CP hydrate formation accelerated. Meanwhile, a maximum water yield of 92.8 % was achieved and the corresponding growth percentage of 97.5 % was realized comparing without Span 80 in a 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. In addition, this dispersed approach of hydrate-based desalination (HBD) also showed great performance in high concentration wastewater treatments like the solutions of saline and heavy metal. A three-stage purification strategy could produce the clean water meeting the stringent drinking water standard. Additionally, this approach exhibited notable pH tolerance under both strongly acidic and alkaline conditions. The results also demonstrated that Span 80 exhibits impressive self-separation recovery characteristics and cycling stability. These findings provide a robust academic foundation for advancing the feasibility and sustainability of the dispersed HBD in practical seawater desalination applications.

{"title":"Rapid processing of dispersed hydrate-based purification for high-yield seawater desalination and wastewater treatment","authors":"Huilian Sun, Shuai Wang, Shiqi Wang, Yongchen Song, Zheng Ling, Lunxiang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118741","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118741","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Green utilization and sustainable desalination based on hydrate formation have attracted considerable attention. However, its industrial application is limited by slow kinetics and low final-conversion considering hydrate phase change. In this study, we creatively present a desalination approach of dispersed hydrate formation by incorporating the non-ionic surfactant Span 80. The addition of Span 80 enhanced the dispersion of cyclopentane (CP) in saline solution and generated the micron emulsion; as a result, the contact of the host water molecules and the guest molecules increased and the CP hydrate formation accelerated. Meanwhile, a maximum water yield of 92.8 % was achieved and the corresponding growth percentage of 97.5 % was realized comparing without Span 80 in a 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. In addition, this dispersed approach of hydrate-based desalination (HBD) also showed great performance in high concentration wastewater treatments like the solutions of saline and heavy metal. A three-stage purification strategy could produce the clean water meeting the stringent drinking water standard. Additionally, this approach exhibited notable pH tolerance under both strongly acidic and alkaline conditions. The results also demonstrated that Span 80 exhibits impressive self-separation recovery characteristics and cycling stability. These findings provide a robust academic foundation for advancing the feasibility and sustainability of the dispersed HBD in practical seawater desalination applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"604 ","pages":"Article 118741"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143480415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancement and sustained uranium removal of 2D transition metal sulfide-graphene oxide composite/carbon cloth cathodes in capacitive deionization system

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-02-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.118745

Ziyin Wang , Jie Kou , Mi Li , Xiaowen Zhang , Yilong Hua , Qi Fang , Mengge Tian , Manlu Cao , Zhurui Shao , Xiaoyan Wu

Capacitive deionization (CDI) holds significant potential for the recovery of uranium from uranium-containing wastewater (UCW). However, the limited availability of active sites in carbon cathodes poses a challenge to the efficient adsorption of uranium, thereby impeding its practical application. In this study, three types of two-dimensional transition metal sulfide-graphene oxide composites (WS₂-GO, TiS₂-GO, and MoS₂-GO) were synthesized and subsequently coated onto carbon cloth (CC) electrodes. Among these, the MoS₂-GO composite demonstrated a remarkable enhancement in the accessibility of active sites, resulting in an approximately 14-fold increase in uranium separation efficiency. The MoS₂-GO/CC cathode demonstrated effective and continuous separation of uranium, achieving a maximum adsorption capacity of 74.38 mg/g even under low uranium concentration (5.0 mg/L). Remarkably, at the end of the tenth cycle, the cathode maintained a high removal efficiency of 93.2 %. This cathode capitalizes on the presence of abundant functional groups, chemical stability, and high electronic conductivity to enhance the adsorption and reduction of uranium through synergistic interactions. MoS₂-GO and CC can be effectively integrated through a coating technique. The MoS₂-GO/CC cathode enhances uranium recovery in CDI, providing novel insights into the development of high-performance composite electrode materials.

{"title":"Enhancement and sustained uranium removal of 2D transition metal sulfide-graphene oxide composite/carbon cloth cathodes in capacitive deionization system","authors":"Ziyin Wang , Jie Kou , Mi Li , Xiaowen Zhang , Yilong Hua , Qi Fang , Mengge Tian , Manlu Cao , Zhurui Shao , Xiaoyan Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118745","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118745","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Capacitive deionization (CDI) holds significant potential for the recovery of uranium from uranium-containing wastewater (UCW). However, the limited availability of active sites in carbon cathodes poses a challenge to the efficient adsorption of uranium, thereby impeding its practical application. In this study, three types of two-dimensional transition metal sulfide-graphene oxide composites (WS<sub>2</sub>-GO, TiS<sub>2</sub>-GO, and MoS<sub>2</sub>-GO) were synthesized and subsequently coated onto carbon cloth (CC) electrodes. Among these, the MoS<sub>2</sub>-GO composite demonstrated a remarkable enhancement in the accessibility of active sites, resulting in an approximately 14-fold increase in uranium separation efficiency. The MoS<sub>2</sub>-GO/CC cathode demonstrated effective and continuous separation of uranium, achieving a maximum adsorption capacity of 74.38 mg/g even under low uranium concentration (5.0 mg/L). Remarkably, at the end of the tenth cycle, the cathode maintained a high removal efficiency of 93.2 %. This cathode capitalizes on the presence of abundant functional groups, chemical stability, and high electronic conductivity to enhance the adsorption and reduction of uranium through synergistic interactions. MoS<sub>2</sub>-GO and CC can be effectively integrated through a coating technique. The MoS<sub>2</sub>-GO/CC cathode enhances uranium recovery in CDI, providing novel insights into the development of high-performance composite electrode materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"605 ","pages":"Article 118745"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental investigation of an asymmetric CPC concentrated solar interfacial evaporation device (CSIED)

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-02-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.118739

Tengyue Wang , Fengwu Bai , DongQiang Lei , LinHao Wang , Xueqing Zhang , GuoFeng Yuan , Zhifeng Wang

Interfacial evaporation has a high solar energy conversion efficiency. Although a series of studies have made significant progress, it is still in the laboratory stage as a whole. When interface evaporator is applied outdoor, there are some problems, such as low solar irradiance and low environmental temperature, which result in low surface energy flux density. Besides, it also has large convective and radiative heat losses, limiting evaporation rate. In study, we propose an asymmetric CPC (Compound Parabolic Concentrator) concentrated solar interface evaporation device (CSIED) using surface carbonized poplar as the interface evaporation material (IEM). The IEM floating on water is placed in a double-layer glass tube, which significantly reduces the radiation and convective heat loss. At the same time, it can form a channel for air to drive steam flow and promote steam diffusion. The experimental results indicate that, under a sunlight concentration ratio of 3.4, an air velocity of 0.16 m/s, and a horizontal total solar irradiance of 549 W/m², the CSIED achieves an evaporation rate of 1.69 kg/(m²·h), with average heat and mass transfer coefficients being 39.6 W/(m²·K) and 11.6 m/h, respectively. The solar thermal conversion efficiency of CSIED is 63.9 %.

{"title":"Experimental investigation of an asymmetric CPC concentrated solar interfacial evaporation device (CSIED)","authors":"Tengyue Wang , Fengwu Bai , DongQiang Lei , LinHao Wang , Xueqing Zhang , GuoFeng Yuan , Zhifeng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118739","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118739","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interfacial evaporation has a high solar energy conversion efficiency. Although a series of studies have made significant progress, it is still in the laboratory stage as a whole. When interface evaporator is applied outdoor, there are some problems, such as low solar irradiance and low environmental temperature, which result in low surface energy flux density. Besides, it also has large convective and radiative heat losses, limiting evaporation rate. In study, we propose an asymmetric CPC (Compound Parabolic Concentrator) concentrated solar interface evaporation device (CSIED) using surface carbonized poplar as the interface evaporation material (IEM). The IEM floating on water is placed in a double-layer glass tube, which significantly reduces the radiation and convective heat loss. At the same time, it can form a channel for air to drive steam flow and promote steam diffusion. The experimental results indicate that, under a sunlight concentration ratio of 3.4, an air velocity of 0.16 m/s, and a horizontal total solar irradiance of 549 W/m<sup>2</sup>, the CSIED achieves an evaporation rate of 1.69 kg/(m<sup>2</sup>·h), with average heat and mass transfer coefficients being 39.6 W/(m<sup>2</sup>·K) and 11.6 m/h, respectively. The solar thermal conversion efficiency of CSIED is 63.9 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"604 ","pages":"Article 118739"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143508945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

B/N doped carbon tubes encapsulating bi material using CAU-17 as a template for high-performance capacitive dechlorination

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-02-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.118747

Fei Yu , Haoyuan Yin , Jie Li , Tianjie Chen , Liping Sun , Jie Ma

Developing bismuth-carbon composites that can alleviate the stress concentration and volume expansion problems during the Bi/BiOCl conversion reaction is crucial for electrochemical desalination, especially Cl⁻ removal technology, but it is still a great challenge. Here, we report a B/N co-doped bismuth encapsulated in carbon tubes. Using CAU-17 as a template, a carbon tubular material with multiple carbon layer structures was successfully synthesized by co-pyrolysis with BCN nanosheets, which achieved effective encapsulation of Bi. As the pyrolysis temperature increased, the continuous evaporation of Bi prompted the transformation of the carbon tube structure from a soft carbon to a hard carbon structure interconnected by multi-layered short graphene flakes. This alleviated the instability of the electrode caused by the volume expansion during the Bi/BiOCl transformation reaction and also provided additional ion storage capacity. When applied to the CDI dechlorination anode, Bi@BCN-900 exhibited a high desalination capacity of 145.96 mg g⁻¹ and low energy consumption of 0.53 kWh kg⁻¹ NaCl at an applied voltage of 1.2 V. Moreover, Bi@BCN-900 showed good stability over long-term cycling tests. This work expands the application of CAU-17 and offers new research insights for the design of bismuth-based materials for CDI dechlorination anodes.

{"title":"B/N doped carbon tubes encapsulating bi material using CAU-17 as a template for high-performance capacitive dechlorination","authors":"Fei Yu , Haoyuan Yin , Jie Li , Tianjie Chen , Liping Sun , Jie Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118747","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118747","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Developing bismuth-carbon composites that can alleviate the stress concentration and volume expansion problems during the Bi/BiOCl conversion reaction is crucial for electrochemical desalination, especially Cl<sup>−</sup> removal technology, but it is still a great challenge. Here, we report a B/N co-doped bismuth encapsulated in carbon tubes. Using CAU-17 as a template, a carbon tubular material with multiple carbon layer structures was successfully synthesized by co-pyrolysis with BCN nanosheets, which achieved effective encapsulation of Bi. As the pyrolysis temperature increased, the continuous evaporation of Bi prompted the transformation of the carbon tube structure from a soft carbon to a hard carbon structure interconnected by multi-layered short graphene flakes. This alleviated the instability of the electrode caused by the volume expansion during the Bi/BiOCl transformation reaction and also provided additional ion storage capacity. When applied to the CDI dechlorination anode, Bi@BCN-900 exhibited a high desalination capacity of 145.96 mg g<sup>−1</sup> and low energy consumption of 0.53 kWh kg<sup>−1</sup> NaCl at an applied voltage of 1.2 V. Moreover, Bi@BCN-900 showed good stability over long-term cycling tests. This work expands the application of CAU-17 and offers new research insights for the design of bismuth-based materials for CDI dechlorination anodes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"605 ","pages":"Article 118747"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143512086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Wastewater degradation driven by the membrane voltage in a closed-loop reverse electrodialysis system integrated with air-gap diffusion distillation technology

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-02-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.118743

Qiang Leng , Feilong Li , Yihao Ma , Chunxiao Zhang , Lin Wang , Zhanwei Wang , Xi Wu

Air-gap diffusion distillation (AGDD) has been frequently integrated with reverse electrodialysis (RED) to form a chemical heat engine for the utilization of low-grade thermal energy (LGH). This chemical heat engine can convert LGH into salinity gradient energy (SGE), which is then transformed into electrical energy. Due to the compatibility of the RED system, the AGDD-RED heat engine can also be employed for the degradation of organic wastewater. This paper presents the development of a mathematical simulation model for an AGDD-RED system designed specifically for wastewater treatment. The theoretical impact of various parameters, including feed solution concentration, flow rate, and changes in heat source temperature on system performance, are simulated and discussed. The heat engine for wastewater treatment achieves a conversion efficiency of 4.57 % in transforming LGH into SGE, resulting in a final electricity conversion efficiency of 0.84 %. The heat engine utilized for wastewater treatment attains a chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate of 63.33 % after 4 h. Additionally, in optimal conditions, the energy conversion efficiency elevates to 0.90 %, while the energy consumption for per unit COD degradation is optimized to 9.81 × 10³ kWh∙kgCOD⁻¹. This research provides a novel approach for utilizing low-grade thermal energy in the field of wastewater degradation.

{"title":"Wastewater degradation driven by the membrane voltage in a closed-loop reverse electrodialysis system integrated with air-gap diffusion distillation technology","authors":"Qiang Leng , Feilong Li , Yihao Ma , Chunxiao Zhang , Lin Wang , Zhanwei Wang , Xi Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118743","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118743","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Air-gap diffusion distillation (AGDD) has been frequently integrated with reverse electrodialysis (RED) to form a chemical heat engine for the utilization of low-grade thermal energy (LGH). This chemical heat engine can convert LGH into salinity gradient energy (SGE), which is then transformed into electrical energy. Due to the compatibility of the RED system, the AGDD-RED heat engine can also be employed for the degradation of organic wastewater. This paper presents the development of a mathematical simulation model for an AGDD-RED system designed specifically for wastewater treatment. The theoretical impact of various parameters, including feed solution concentration, flow rate, and changes in heat source temperature on system performance, are simulated and discussed. The heat engine for wastewater treatment achieves a conversion efficiency of 4.57 % in transforming LGH into SGE, resulting in a final electricity conversion efficiency of 0.84 %. The heat engine utilized for wastewater treatment attains a chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate of 63.33 % after 4 h. Additionally, in optimal conditions, the energy conversion efficiency elevates to 0.90 %, while the energy consumption for per unit COD degradation is optimized to 9.81 × 10<sup>3</sup> kWh∙kgCOD<sup>−1</sup>. This research provides a novel approach for utilizing low-grade thermal energy in the field of wastewater degradation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"605 ","pages":"Article 118743"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143512088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modulating hydration chemistry of GO/CSH antibacterial hydrogel evaporator toward high-efficiency solar-driven interfacial desalination

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-02-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.118731

Min Liu, Xue-Ting Jin, Si-Wei Sun, Jie Zhao, Cheng Xue, Yang-Hui Luo

Solar-driven interfacial desalination (SDID) is regarded as a low-cost, environmentally friendly, and sustainable technology for clean water production, contributing to the global decarbonization. However, it remains challenging to achieve high evaporation rate in high-salinity brines and avoid bio-fouling issues. Herein, an antibacterial hydrogel solar evaporator (AHSE) with outstanding hydratability is developed by cross-linking graphene oxide‑calcium silicate hydrate (GO-CSH) with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and N-(phosphonomethyl) iminodiacetic acid decorated polyethyleneimine (PMIDA-PEI) for high-efficiency SDID. The AHSE manifests orderly aligned porous structure with uniformly loaded GO-CSH as hydrophilic channel, improving the capillary-wicking ability of microchannels for rapid water replenishment. Theoretical calculations reveal that the hydration chemistry of AHSE can be enhanced due to the weakened hydrogen bond interaction between CSH and polymer networks, thus benefiting the exposure of hydratable sites for a decreased vaporization enthalpy. As a result, an evaporation rate of 3.25 kg m⁻² h⁻¹ and an energy conversion efficiency of 95 % under one sun irradiation are achieved in 25 wt% brine without salt accumulation. In addition, AHSE exhibits excellent antibacterial activity, as well as the antifouling functionality, guaranteeing the durability of evaporator and freshwater safety in practical applications. This work provides novel insights into the design of high performance solar-driven evaporators at a molecular level.

{"title":"Modulating hydration chemistry of GO/CSH antibacterial hydrogel evaporator toward high-efficiency solar-driven interfacial desalination","authors":"Min Liu, Xue-Ting Jin, Si-Wei Sun, Jie Zhao, Cheng Xue, Yang-Hui Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118731","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118731","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solar-driven interfacial desalination (SDID) is regarded as a low-cost, environmentally friendly, and sustainable technology for clean water production, contributing to the global decarbonization. However, it remains challenging to achieve high evaporation rate in high-salinity brines and avoid bio-fouling issues. Herein, an antibacterial hydrogel solar evaporator (AHSE) with outstanding hydratability is developed by cross-linking graphene oxide‑calcium silicate hydrate (GO-CSH) with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and N-(phosphonomethyl) iminodiacetic acid decorated polyethyleneimine (PMIDA-PEI) for high-efficiency SDID. The AHSE manifests orderly aligned porous structure with uniformly loaded GO-CSH as hydrophilic channel, improving the capillary-wicking ability of microchannels for rapid water replenishment. Theoretical calculations reveal that the hydration chemistry of AHSE can be enhanced due to the weakened hydrogen bond interaction between CSH and polymer networks, thus benefiting the exposure of hydratable sites for a decreased vaporization enthalpy. As a result, an evaporation rate of 3.25 kg m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> and an energy conversion efficiency of 95 % under one sun irradiation are achieved in 25 wt% brine without salt accumulation. In addition, AHSE exhibits excellent antibacterial activity, as well as the antifouling functionality, guaranteeing the durability of evaporator and freshwater safety in practical applications. This work provides novel insights into the design of high performance solar-driven evaporators at a molecular level.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"604 ","pages":"Article 118731"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0