Desalination最新文献_第4页

Functional photocatalytic anti-fouling nanofibrous membrane distillation membranes for treating synthetic dye wastewater 功能性光催化抗污染纳米纤维膜蒸馏膜处理合成染料废水

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2026.120006

Xiaochan An , Jingjiao Li , Jinhui Zhang , Zhaolan Wei

Membrane distillation (MD) driven by a thermally vapor pressure gradient could circumvent the osmotic pressure limitations of pressure-driven processes, offering a robust solution for separating non-volatile dyes from hypersaline dye-containing wastewater. However, conventional MD membranes are challenged by severe membrane fouling and flux decline. Here, we report the fabrication of functional electrospun nanofibrous membranes through incorporating two dimensional photocatalytic NH₂-MIL-125 nanoparticles. In a crossflow photo-assisted MD system operated at a 40 °C temperature difference, the prepared membrane (NM-5) achieved a high-water flux of 41.29 L·m⁻²·h⁻¹ under light while maintaining stable salt rejection (NaCl, >99.9%) over 960 min of continuous operation. NM-5 exhibited excellent degradation capability under visible light, achieving removal efficiencies of 63.69% for methylene blue (MB) and 61.19% for rhodamine B (RhB), respectively. For treating RhB saline solution, NM-5 membranes maintained stable flux at ∼34 L·m⁻²·h⁻¹ for up to 11 h, while the pristine membrane complete wetting occurred within 5 h. This photocatalytic activity on membrane surface effectively mitigates dye-induced fouling. After water cleaning under light irradiation, the flux recovery of NM-5 was up to 98.82%, 11.44% higher than the pristine membrane, demonstrating excellent operational stability. This study establishes a new strategy for MD membranes with integrated photocatalytic functionality, enabling environmentally sustainable treatment of dye-containing wastewater.

由热蒸汽压梯度驱动的膜蒸馏（MD）可以绕过压力驱动过程的渗透压限制，为从高盐含染料废水中分离非挥发性染料提供了可靠的解决方案。然而，传统的MD膜面临着严重的膜污染和通量下降的挑战。在这里，我们报道了通过加入二维光催化NH2-MIL-125纳米颗粒来制备功能性电纺丝纳米纤维膜。在40℃的温差下，制备的膜（NM-5）在光照下获得了41.29 L·m−2·h−1的高水通量，同时在960 min的连续运行中保持了稳定的盐去除率（NaCl, 99.9%）。NM-5在可见光下表现出优异的降解能力，对亚甲基蓝（MB）和罗丹明B （RhB）的去除率分别为63.69%和61.19%。在处理RhB盐水溶液时，NM-5膜在~ 34 L·m−2·h−1的稳定通量下维持了长达11小时，而原始膜在5小时内完全湿润。膜表面的这种光催化活性有效地减轻了染料引起的污染。光照射水清洗后，NM-5的通量回收率高达98.82%，比原始膜高出11.44%，具有良好的运行稳定性。本研究建立了具有集成光催化功能的MD膜的新策略，使含染料废水的环境可持续处理成为可能。

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引用次数: 0

Lithium recovery from battery recycling water via salt metathesis using flow-electrode capacitive deionization 流动电极电容去离子盐分解回收电池循环水中的锂

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2026.119961

Kerstin Wienkamp , Hendrik Scheulen , Raphael Verdier , Philipp Kloust , Christian J. Linnartz , Matthias Wessling

On the way to a new lithium-ion battery (LIB) recycling process, spent LIBs were wet shredded, yielding an aqueous multi-ionic-organic mixture dominated by 33 mM lithium, primarily balanced by fluoride. To enhance lithium recovery, this study demonstrates a novel continuous flow-electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI) process that performs a salt metathesis. A poorly soluble lithium fluoride (LiF) dominated solution was converted into a highly soluble lithium hydroxide (LiOH) solution while simultaneously concentrating the latter. This study targets feasibility under representative conditions, rather than optimizing operating parameters. Partial LiF recirculation for enhanced lithium recovery, module upscaling for industrial relevance, and the use of synthetic and actual LIB wet shredding solutions were evaluated. In single-pass operation with a synthetic LiF feed, LiF was desalinated to 10% of its initial salinity, and the extracted lithium produced LiOH with negligible current-efficiency loss, achieving a 70-fold concentration rate to 35 g/L impurity-free LiOH. Implementing partial LiF recirculation improved desalination and thereby increased lithium recovery to 92%. When processing the actual LIB wet shredding solution containing comparable lithium concentrations, LiOH was concentrated 42-fold to 19 g/L, and the lithium recovery yield declined to 43%, likely due to ionic and organic impurities. Nevertheless, the final LiOH product achieved a 90 mol% purity. Upscaling the individual membrane area from 100 cm² to 320 cm² enabled higher throughput at a slight performance decrease. Overall, FCDI enables a continuous and scalable route that overcomes solubility limits via salt metathesis, producing an industrially relevant lithium product (LiOH) from low-solubility and impurity-laden LIB wet shredding solution (LiF) originating from a real LIB recycling process.

在一个新的锂离子电池（LIB）回收过程中，用过的锂离子电池被湿粉碎，得到以33毫米锂为主的多离子有机水混合物，主要由氟化物平衡。为了提高锂的回收率，本研究展示了一种新的连续流动电极电容去离子（FCDI）工艺，该工艺可以进行盐分解。将难溶性氟化锂（LiF）为主溶液转化为高溶性氢氧化锂（LiOH）溶液，同时将后者浓缩。本研究的目标是在代表性条件下的可行性，而不是优化运行参数。评估了部分锂离子再循环以提高锂的回收率，工业相关的模块升级，以及合成和实际锂离子湿式切碎解决方案的使用。在使用合成LiF进料的单次操作中，将LiF脱盐至初始盐度的10%，提取的锂产生LiOH，电流效率损失可以忽略不计，达到70倍的浓度，达到35 g/L的无杂质LiOH。实施部分锂再循环改善了海水淡化，从而将锂回收率提高到92%。当处理含有相当锂浓度的实际LIB湿式切碎液时，LiOH浓度为19 g/L，是42倍，锂的回收率下降到43%，可能是由于离子和有机杂质。尽管如此，最终的LiOH产品纯度达到了90 mol%。将单个膜面积从100 cm2增加到320 cm2，在性能略有下降的情况下实现了更高的吞吐量。总的来说，FCDI实现了一条连续的、可扩展的路线，克服了盐分解对溶解度的限制，从来自真正的锂离子电池回收过程的低溶解度、含杂质的锂离子电池湿分解溶液（liff）中生产出工业相关的锂产品（LiOH）。

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引用次数: 0

Perspective on the sustainable development of a novel high-salinity coal mine water treatment technology 高矿化度煤矿水处理新技术的可持续发展展望

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2026.119917

Zhou Shen , Xiaotong Zou , Yisa Li , Rui Lu , Maiqi Xiang , Kaiwei Xu

High-salinity mine water is widely generated during coal extraction in western China and, if inadequately treated, poses risks of soil salinization and water contamination. Nevertheless, effective desalination can transform it into a valuable unconventional water resource for arid mining regions. In this study, a full-scale high-salinity mine-water treatment system in western China was investigated, and an integrated sustainability assessment framework combining life cycle assessment (LCA) and life cycle cost (LCC) was established to evaluate the environmental and economic performance of a novel coagulation–sedimentation–reverse osmosis–electrodialysis (CSRE) hybrid process. The results showed that the CSRE process significantly improved effluent quality, achieving Class III compliance for organics and nutrients and reducing electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, and hardness by more than 80%, indicating strong potential for non-potable reuse in arid mining regions. Compared with the conventional treatment scheme, the system met SW-III discharge requirements and demonstrated improved suitability for irrigation and livestock applications. Life cycle assessment and cost analysis revealed that the softening unit dominated both environmental impacts and internal costs due to intensive Na₂CO₃ and NaOH consumption, while reverse osmosis and electrodialysis were primarily driven by electricity demand; photovoltaic electricity substitution substantially reduced global warming potential. Notably, reclaimed water utilization improved overall economic feasibility. Multi-objective optimization further demonstrated that coordinated adjustment of NaOH and Na₂CO₃ dosages can simultaneously enhance effluent quality, reduce carbon emissions, and improve cost performance. Overall, this study provides practical guidance for designing low-carbon, resource-efficient mine water treatment systems in arid coal mining regions.

高矿化度矿井水在中国西部采煤过程中广泛产生，如果处理不当，会造成土壤盐碱化和水污染的风险。然而，有效的海水淡化可以将其转化为干旱矿区宝贵的非常规水资源。以中国西部某大型高矿化度矿山水处理系统为研究对象，建立了结合生命周期评价（LCA）和生命周期成本（LCC）的综合可持续性评价框架，对新型混凝-沉淀-反渗透-电渗析（CSRE）混合工艺的环境和经济性能进行了评价。结果表明，CSRE工艺显著改善了出水水质，有机物和营养物达到III类标准，电导率、总溶解固形物和硬度降低80%以上，表明在干旱矿区非饮用回用的潜力很大。与常规处理方案相比，该系统满足了SW-III排放要求，并证明了灌溉和畜牧业应用的适用性。生命周期评估和成本分析表明，由于Na₂CO₃和NaOH的大量消耗，软化装置的环境影响和内部成本占主导地位，而反渗透和电渗析主要由电力需求驱动；光伏发电替代大大降低了全球变暖的潜力。值得注意的是，再生水的利用提高了整体经济可行性。多目标优化进一步证明了协同调整NaOH和Na₂CO₃投加量可以同时提高出水水质、减少碳排放、提高性价比。总体而言，本研究为干旱采煤地区设计低碳、资源高效的矿井水处理系统提供了实践指导。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative analysis on the contributions of solar and wind energy to interfacial water evaporation using a 2D evaporator 利用二维蒸发器对太阳能和风能对界面水蒸发贡献的比较分析

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2026.119957

Bo Li, Xiangfeng Li, Yuanshuo Li, Xianling Hu, Haoyue Yang, Jiyue Wang, Yuanyuan Wang, Xianglin Xia, Kexue Liu

Solar-driven interfacial evaporation (SDIE) is promising for desalination but its intermittency requires complementary energy. Wind energy, a ubiquitous resource, can supply convective forcing, yet its quantitative role relative to solar energy remains underexplored. Here, a standardized two-dimensional (2D) graphite nanopowder (GNP)/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) evaporator (GPE) fabricated via freeze-casting is developed to decouple and compare the contributions of solar irradiance and convective flow. In pure water, the GPE achieves an evaporation rate of 1.73 kg m⁻² h⁻¹ under 1.0 sun irradiation (1 kW m⁻²) and peaks at 5.01 kg m⁻² h⁻¹ under coupled conditions (2.0 suns and 4 m s⁻¹ convective flow). A near-energetic equivalence is identified: convective flows of 2, 3 and 4 m s⁻¹ produce evaporation rates comparable to 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 suns, respectively. Practically, coupling 0.5 sun with 1 m s⁻¹ convective flow reproduces 1.0 sun performance, demonstrating that a gentle breeze can fully compensate for solar loss on cloudy days, thereby enabling all-weather operation. Importantly, wind energy shows robust performance against salinity effects: in a 3.5 wt% sodium chloride (NaCl) solution, evaporation rates under 1.0 and 2.0 suns irradiation drop by 12.1% and 7.0% due to thermodynamic vapor pressure depression, whereas those under 2 and 4 m s⁻¹ convective flows decrease by only 4.8% and a negligible 0.7%, respectively. Supported by simulations showing that convective flow thins the boundary layer and mitigates vapor accumulation, these results highlight the dominance of wind energy and provide benchmarks for designing continuous, salt-tolerant wind–solar hybrid freshwater-generation systems.

太阳能驱动的界面蒸发（SDIE）在海水淡化方面很有前景，但它的间歇性需要补充能源。风能是一种无处不在的资源，可以提供对流强迫，但其相对于太阳能的定量作用仍未得到充分探索。本文设计了一种标准化的二维（2D）石墨纳米粉(GNP)/聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）蒸发器（GPE），用于解耦并比较太阳辐照度和对流流的贡献。在纯水中，在1.0太阳照射（1 kW m−2）下，GPE的蒸发速率为1.73 kg m−2 h−1，在耦合条件（2.0太阳照射和4 m s−1对流）下，GPE的蒸发速率达到5.01 kg m−2 h−1。确定了接近能量等效：2、3和4 m s−1的对流流产生的蒸发速率分别相当于1.0、1.5和2.0太阳。实际上，将0.5个太阳与1 m s - 1的对流耦合可以再现1.0个太阳性能，这表明微风可以完全补偿阴天的太阳损失，从而实现全天候运行。重要的是，风能在盐度影响下表现出强大的性能：在3.5 wt%氯化钠（NaCl）溶液中，由于热力学蒸汽压降低，1.0和2.0太阳照射下的蒸发率下降了12.1%和7.0%，而在2和4 m s−1对流流下的蒸发率分别仅下降了4.8%和微不足道的0.7%。模拟结果表明，对流流动使边界层变薄，减轻了水蒸气的积累，这些结果突出了风能的主导地位，并为设计连续的、耐盐的风能-太阳能混合淡水发电系统提供了基准。

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引用次数: 0

Performance optimization and application boundaries of PESA-SQDs: A multifunctional nano-inhibitor for industrial water systems PESA-SQDs的性能优化与应用边界：一种用于工业水系统的多功能纳米抑制剂

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2026.119962

Hengtong Xia, Jinyu Wang, Wulong Zhang, Xiaoqing Li, Yan Ding, Xiaoshuang Yin, Hui Xu, Wenzhong Yang

The persistent challenges of scaling and microbial proliferation in industrial water systems necessitate the development of high-performance, multifunctional treatment agents. This study presents a comprehensive investigation into polyepoxysuccinic acid-functionalized sulfur quantum dots (PESA-SQDs), a novel nanomaterial engineered for integrated water treatment. Well-dispersed PESA-SQDs with a uniform particle size of approximately 2.58 nm were successfully fabricated, exhibiting excellent aqueous stability and characteristic blue fluorescence. Systematic evaluation revealed outstanding antiscaling performance: the optimal dosage of 30 mg/L achieved over 90% inhibition efficiency against CaCO₃ scaling, while merely 1.0 mg/L sufficed to attain 82.68% inhibition against CaSO₄ scaling. XRD and SEM analyses demonstrated that PESA-SQDs significantly alter crystallization pathways, inducing a polymorphic transition of CaCO₃ from calcite to vaterite and distorting CaSO₄ crystals into defective aggregates. Molecular dynamics simulations elucidated the mechanism, showing PESA-SQDs adsorb onto crystal faces in a flattened configuration with substantially higher binding energy than pure PESA. Additionally, PESA-SQDs exhibited potent antibacterial activity, reducing bacterial counts by three orders of magnitude at 30 mg/L. The material's fluorescence properties further enable potential real-time monitoring. This work establishes PESA-SQDs as a highly promising multifunctional agent, delineating its optimal dosages and effective application boundaries for advanced water treatment.

工业水系统中结垢和微生物增殖的持续挑战需要开发高性能，多功能的处理剂。本研究对聚氧琥珀酸功能化硫量子点（PESA-SQDs）进行了全面的研究，PESA-SQDs是一种用于综合水处理的新型纳米材料。成功制备了分散良好的PESA-SQDs，其均匀粒径约为2.58 nm，具有优异的水稳定性和蓝色荧光特性。系统评价表明，该材料具有优异的阻垢性能，最佳用量为30 mg/L时，对CaCO3的阻垢率达到90%以上，而仅1.0 mg/L时，对CaSO4的阻垢率就达到82.68%。XRD和SEM分析表明，PESA-SQDs显著改变了结晶途径，诱导CaCO3从方解石到水晶石的多晶转变，并使CaSO4晶体扭曲成有缺陷的聚集体。分子动力学模拟阐明了机理，表明PESA- sqds以扁平结构吸附在晶体表面，其结合能明显高于纯PESA。此外，PESA-SQDs表现出强大的抗菌活性，在30mg /L的浓度下，细菌数量减少了3个数量级。该材料的荧光特性进一步实现了潜在的实时监测。本研究确定了PESA-SQDs作为一种非常有前途的多功能药剂，划定了其在深度水处理中的最佳剂量和有效应用范围。

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引用次数: 0

Capacitive deionization of emerging oxyanions: Selective electrosorption, recovery strategies, and mechanistic insights 新兴氧离子的电容性去离子：选择性电吸附、恢复策略和机理见解

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2026.119949

Muhammad Faheem , Jisha Kuttiani Ali , Fathima Arshad , Zubair Ahmad , Emad Alhseinat

Capacitive deionization (CDI) is gaining traction as a sustainable and energy-efficient strategy for addressing the selective removal and recovery of emerging oxyanion contaminants from aqueous environment. This review critically examines recent progress in CDI-based technologies for the targeted electrosorption of environmentally and industrially associated oxyanions, including nitrate, sulfate, phosphate, arsenate, chromate, perchlorate, and borate. Emphasis is placed on the interplay between oxyanion speciation, solution pH, and electrode material properties in dictating ion selectivity and removal efficiency. The review delineates how architectural and operational modifications in CDI systems, alongside tailored electrode functionalization, enable enhanced removal performance and facilitate the regeneration and reuse of materials. Special attention is given to CDI-enabled resource recovery, particularly for nutrient and strategic oxyanions, highlighting dual-function applications in contaminant remediation and resource circularity. Post-CDI processing strategies are discussed with a focus on converting concentrated eluents into marketable products, addressing purification, stabilization, and valorization pathways essential for closing material loops. Mechanistic insights are synthesized to elucidate the roles of hydration energy, surface affinity, and competitive adsorption, supported by thermodynamic interpretations and depicted via Sankey diagram plot. Key material platforms are systematically assessed in terms of functional performance, stability, and selectivity under varying environmental conditions. Finally, technological and economic barriers to large-scale deployment, including electrode durability, system integration, cost competitiveness, and lifecycle sustainability, are critically analyzed to inform pathways toward industrially viable CDI implementation. Concluding with a discussion of current limitations and research opportunities, this review outlines the critical pathways toward scalable, selective, and environmentally compatible CDI technologies for oxyanions control.

电容去离子（CDI）作为一种可持续和节能的策略，在解决水环境中出现的氧离子污染物的选择性去除和回收方面受到越来越多的关注。本文综述了基于cdi的环境和工业相关氧离子定向电吸附技术的最新进展，包括硝酸盐、硫酸盐、磷酸盐、砷酸盐、铬酸盐、高氯酸盐和硼酸盐。重点放在氧阴离子形态，溶液pH和电极材料性质之间的相互作用，决定离子的选择性和去除效率。该综述描述了CDI系统的结构和操作修改，以及定制电极功能化，如何提高去除性能，促进材料的再生和再利用。特别注意cdi使资源回收，特别是营养物和战略氧，突出在污染物修复和资源循环中的双重功能应用。讨论了cdi后的处理策略，重点是将浓缩的洗脱液转化为可销售的产品，解决了关闭物质循环所必需的净化、稳定和增值途径。在热力学解释和Sankey图解的支持下，综合了机理见解，阐明了水合能、表面亲和力和竞争吸附的作用。在不同的环境条件下，系统地评估了关键材料平台的功能性能、稳定性和选择性。最后，对大规模部署的技术和经济障碍（包括电极耐用性、系统集成、成本竞争力和生命周期可持续性）进行了批判性分析，为工业上可行的CDI实施提供了途径。最后，本文讨论了当前的局限性和研究机会，概述了可扩展、选择性和环境兼容的氧离子控制CDI技术的关键途径。

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引用次数: 0

Optimizing water-salt separation performance and mechanistic analysis of TFNi nanofiltration membranes via explainable machine learning 通过可解释的机器学习优化TFNi纳滤膜的水盐分离性能和机理分析

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2026.119925

Ruonan Chang , Hao Guan , Xianhe Cai , Shengnan Hao , Haiyang Zhang , Zhanlin Ji

Addressing global water scarcity requires the advancement of water treatment technologies that combine high efficiency with minimal energy consumption. Thin-film nanocomposite nanofiltration membranes featuring interlayer structures (TFNi) have garnered significant interest due to their exceptional capacity for water–salt separation. Nevertheless, the intricate interplay between membrane morphology and operational parameters complicates systematic performance optimization. In this work, we established a machine learning framework designed for both prediction and interpretation, focusing on water flux and salt rejection as key performance indicators. Four machine learning algorithms were evaluated, with the CatBoost model demonstrating superior predictive accuracy (R² > 0.90). Feature importance analysis using Shapley additive explanations identified applied pressure, temperature, and molar concentration as the predominant factors influencing water flux, while salt rejection was primarily governed by molar concentration, membrane pore size, and contact angle. Further analysis using partial dependence plots revealed clear nonlinear responses. For water flux prediction, higher response levels were identified near 27 °C, around 0.04 mol·L⁻¹, and within the medium-to-high pressure range. For salt rejection prediction, a moderate pore size range (approximately 40–80 nm) maintained relatively high rejection levels when combined with surface wettability. By coupling data-driven prediction with interpretable artificial intelligence techniques, this study delineates the influence and tendencies of critical variables, offering a principled strategy for guiding the rational design and operational optimization of TFNi nanofiltration membranes.

解决全球水资源短缺问题需要将高效率与最低能耗相结合的水处理技术的进步。具有层间结构（TFNi）的薄膜纳米复合纳滤膜由于其优异的水盐分离能力而引起了人们的极大兴趣。然而，膜形态和操作参数之间错综复杂的相互作用使系统性能优化变得复杂。在这项工作中，我们建立了一个用于预测和解释的机器学习框架，重点关注水通量和盐截留作为关键性能指标。对四种机器学习算法进行了评估，CatBoost模型显示出更高的预测精度（R2 > 0.90）。采用Shapley加法解释的特征重要性分析发现，施加压力、温度和摩尔浓度是影响水通量的主要因素，而阻盐主要受摩尔浓度、膜孔径和接触角的影响。使用部分相关图的进一步分析揭示了明显的非线性响应。对于水通量预测，在27°C附近，0.04 mol·L−1左右，中高压范围内的响应水平较高。对于盐的排斥预测，中等孔径范围（约40-80 nm）在结合表面润湿性时保持相对较高的排斥水平。通过将数据驱动预测与可解释的人工智能技术相结合，本研究描绘了关键变量的影响和趋势，为指导TFNi纳滤膜的合理设计和运行优化提供了原则性策略。

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引用次数: 0

Magnetic CO2-responsive aerogels with Ag/Fe MOF-derived carbon for adsorption and photo-Fenton-like degradation of organic pollutants 含银/铁mof衍生碳的磁性co2响应气凝胶对有机污染物的吸附和光fenton降解

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2026.119950

Anrong Yao , Xingwei Fu , Qian Xu , Chang Liu , Yunbo Mo , Qinglan Xue , Jiaojiao Shang , Jianwu Lan , Shaojian Lin

Eliminating various organic pollutants from wastewater continues to pose a major environmental issue. Herein, CO₂-responsive magnetic bio-aerogels (Ag/Fe-NC@DCG) integrating “smart” adsorption and photo-Fenton-like degradation were constructed by embedding surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-enhanced MOF-derived Ag/Fe nanocarbon (Ag/Fe-NC) into cellulose nanocrystal reinforced gelatin aerogels, followed by surface functionalization with a CO₂-responsive silane coupling agent (N, N-diethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane). The resulting aerogels exhibited outstanding adsorption capacities toward charged pollutants, reaching 859.62 mg/g for negatively charged methyl orange (MO) and 635.92 mg/g for positively charged methylene blue (MEB), governed by electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding. The adsorption process was well described by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model and pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetic model. Remarkably, CO₂ served as a trigger gas to enable rapid and selective adsorption of negatively charged organic pollutants from the mixture, thereby realizing CO₂-regulated selective adsorption. As anticipated, under visible light irradiation in the presence of peroxymonosulfate (PMS), the Ag/Fe-NC component efficiently catalyzed photo-Fenton-like reactions, leading to significantly enhancing removal efficiencies for both charged and neutral organic pollutants. For neutral bisphenol A (BPA) and amphoteric tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) that were initially unadsorbed, their removal efficiencies rose dramatically from 5.24% and 12.79% to 90.67% and 97.40%, respectively. Additionally, the aerogels demonstrated excellent recyclability, mechanical robustness, and antibacterial activity. Overall, this work presents a versatile and sustainable aerogel platform that integrates CO₂-triggered selective adsorption with photo-Fenton-like degradation, offering a prospective pathway for wastewater remediation.

消除废水中的各种有机污染物仍然是一个主要的环境问题。本文通过将表面等离子体共振（SPR）增强mof衍生的Ag/Fe纳米碳（Ag/Fe- nc）嵌入纤维素纳米晶增强明胶气凝胶中，然后用CO2响应硅烷偶联剂（N， N-二乙基-3-氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷）进行表面功能化，构建了集“智能”吸附和光fenton类降解为一体的co2响应型磁性生物气凝胶（Ag/Fe-NC@DCG）。所制得的气凝胶在静电相互作用和氢键作用下，对带负电荷的甲基橙（MO）和带正电荷的亚甲基蓝（MEB）的吸附能力分别达到859.62 mg/g和635.92 mg/g。Langmuir吸附等温线模型和拟二级吸附动力学模型较好地描述了吸附过程。值得注意的是，CO2作为触发气体，使带负电荷的有机污染物从混合物中快速选择性吸附，从而实现CO2调节的选择性吸附。正如预期的那样，在过氧单硫酸盐（PMS）存在的可见光照射下，Ag/Fe-NC组分有效地催化了光- fenton类反应，从而显著提高了对带电和中性有机污染物的去除效率。对于中性双酚A （BPA）和两性盐酸四环素（TCH），其去除率分别从5.24%和12.79%显著提高到90.67%和97.40%。此外，气凝胶表现出优异的可回收性，机械坚固性和抗菌活性。总的来说，这项工作提出了一个多功能和可持续的气凝胶平台，将二氧化碳触发的选择性吸附与光fenton样降解相结合，为废水修复提供了一条有前景的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Janus-structured wood-based evaporator: Electrospun lignin carbon nanofibers (LCNFs) with in situ Fe₃O₄ growth enable solar-driven seawater desalination and purification 双结构木质蒸发器：电纺丝木质素碳纳米纤维（LCNFs）具有原位Fe₃O₄生长，可实现太阳能驱动的海水淡化和净化

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2026.119937

Jingbo Su , Aoqi Xing , Junxu Hu , Yun Wu , Jinghui Zhou , Jingyu Xu , Xing Wang

In response to water scarcity and energy crises, solar-driven interfacial evaporation technology offers a highly promising industrial solution for seawater desalination due to its “zero energy consumption” and environmentally friendly characteristics. The aromatic ring structure of lignin exhibits excellent light absorption properties, making it a highly suitable material for interfacial evaporation photothermal applications. This study employs electrospun lignin nanofiber membranes that have undergone high-temperature carbonization, with Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles in situ loaded onto their surfaces to form a photothermal layer. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) serves as both a binder and hydrophobic modifier, bonding at the interface with delignified wood blocks (DW). Based on this design, the fabricated LCNFs/Fe₃O₄@DW evaporator achieves an evaporation rate of 1.76 kg·m⁻²·h⁻¹ under one standard solar irradiance, with an evaporation efficiency of approximately 88.54%, outperforming most conventional wood-based or carbon-based photothermal evaporators. Long-term cycling tests and simulated seawater evaporation experiments demonstrate the material's excellent salt resistance and purification durability. In summary, this study not only validates the application potential of lignin-based nanofiber composites in solar thermal conversion but also achieves functional integration of “solar desalination, salt resistance and scale prevention, and water purification” through precise Janus surface design. It provides a novel strategy that combines environmental sustainability with practical applicability for industrializing solar-driven interfacial evaporation technology.

在应对水资源短缺和能源危机的情况下，太阳能驱动界面蒸发技术以其“零能耗”和环境友好的特点，为海水淡化提供了一个极具前景的工业解决方案。木质素的芳香环结构具有优异的光吸收性能，是一种非常适合于界面蒸发光热应用的材料。这项研究使用了经过高温碳化的电纺丝木质素纳米纤维膜，将Fe₃O₄纳米颗粒原位负载在其表面形成光热层。聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）作为粘合剂和疏水改性剂，与去木质素木块（DW）在界面上结合。在此基础上，制备的LCNFs/Fe₃O₄@DW蒸发器在一个标准太阳辐照度下的蒸发速率为1.76 kg·m−2·h−1，蒸发效率约为88.54%，优于大多数传统的木质或碳基光热蒸发器。长期循环试验和模拟海水蒸发试验表明，该材料具有优异的耐盐性和净化耐久性。综上所述，本研究不仅验证了木质素基纳米纤维复合材料在太阳能热转换中的应用潜力，而且通过精确的Janus表面设计，实现了“太阳能脱盐、耐盐防垢、水净化”的功能集成。它为太阳能驱动界面蒸发技术的工业化提供了一种结合环境可持续性和实用性的新策略。

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引用次数: 0

Synergistic dual-mechanism design: NiO-decorated pyrrolic-N doped carbon for ultrahigh-rate and selective recovery of silver ions via capacitive deionization 协同双机制设计：nio修饰吡咯- n掺杂碳，通过电容去离子实现银离子的超高速率和选择性回收

IF 9.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2026.119916

Hui Li, Xinhua Huang

The selectivity of pyrrolic-N-doped carbon for silver ions (Ag⁺) is often limited by its predominant reliance on electric double-layer capacitance (EDLC) for charge storage. To overcome this limitation, synergistic design strategies are required to enhance its performance. This study reports a dual-mechanism electrode design through anchoring nickel oxide nanoparticles onto a single pyrrolic nitrogen-doped carbon matrix (NiO@SPNCM) for ultrahigh-rate and selective recovery of Ag⁺ via capacitive deionization. The composite exhibits a remarkable Ag⁺ adsorption capacity of 368.5 mg/g and an ultrahigh rate of 28.64 mg/g-min. In mixed-ion solutions, it achieves exceptional selectivity with a separation factor (

ρ_{M}^{Ag})

exceeding 15 against competing cations (Na⁺, Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, Mn²⁺, Pb²⁺), maintaining a 93.6% Ag⁺ removal even at a high Na⁺ background of 500 mg/L. The electrode demonstrates outstanding long-term stability, retaining 95.3% of its initial capacity over 26 cycles, along with a high charge efficiency of 83.85–87.4% and a low energy consumption of 0.24 kWh/kg. Mechanistic investigations reveal that pyrrolic-N sites selectively coordinate and reduce Ag⁺ to metallic Ag⁰, while the introduced NiO nanoparticles enhance conductivity, expand the accessible surface area, and provide complementary electric double-layer capacitance. This work establishes a synergistic materials design paradigm for efficient and selective recovery of precious metals from complex aqueous streams.

吡咯烷氮掺杂碳对银离子（Ag+）的选择性往往受到其主要依赖电双层电容（EDLC）进行电荷存储的限制。为了克服这一限制，需要采用协同设计策略来提高其性能。本研究报告了一种双机制电极设计，通过将氧化镍纳米颗粒锚定在单一的吡啶氮掺杂碳基质（NiO@SPNCM）上，通过电容去离子实现Ag+的超高速率和选择性回收。复合材料对Ag+的吸附量高达368.5 mg/g，吸附速率高达28.64 mg/g-min。在混合离子溶液中，它对竞争阳离子（Na+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Mn2+, Pb2+）的分离系数（ρMAg）超过15，即使在500 mg/L的高Na+背景下，也能保持93.6%的Ag+去除率。该电极表现出优异的长期稳定性，在26次循环中保持了95.3%的初始容量，充电效率高达83.85-87.4%，能耗低至0.24 kWh/kg。机制研究表明，吡啶- n位点选择性地协调并将Ag+还原为金属Ag0，而引入的NiO纳米颗粒增强了导电性，扩大了可达表面积，并提供了互补的双层电容量。本研究为从复杂的水溶液中高效、选择性地回收贵金属建立了一种协同材料设计范例。

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引用次数: 0