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“Você é a primeira pessoa para quem eu conto isso”: crianças-soldados como fontes testemunhais no jornalismo internacional “你是我告诉你这件事的第一个人”:儿童兵是国际新闻界的证人来源
Pub Date : 2017-08-28 DOI: 10.4013/VER.2018.32.79.01
Angela Zamin, Cleusa Jung, Taiz Richter
The article analyzes reports that deal with the presence of child soldiers in armed conflicts, a crime against humanity. Aiming to investigate which sources are triggered, and how they are, we organized a mapping of the international coverage of O Estado de S. Paulo, during the period of 2007–2016, starting from the registry units “boys-soldiers” and “child soldiers”. For this, we use the Content Analysis methodology (Bardin, 2011; Fonseca Junior, 2012; Herscovitz, 2007), through a Source Analysis Protocol which, in turn, considers journalistic source status (Santos, 1997; Ericson et al ., 1991). We identified 87 sources, of which 14 are child soldiers or sex slaves, testimonials victims of armed conflict. Also, we focus on the analysis of reports about Africa that deal with the topic studied. Keywords: international journalism, conflict, boys-soldier, testimonies, Content Analysis.
文章分析了有关武装冲突中存在儿童兵的报告,这是一种危害人类罪。为了调查哪些来源是触发的,以及它们是如何触发的,我们从登记单位“男孩士兵”和“儿童士兵”开始,组织了2007-2016年期间圣保罗州国际覆盖范围的地图绘制。为此,我们使用内容分析方法(Bardin,2011;Fonseca Junior,2012;Herscovitz,2007),通过来源分析协议,该协议反过来考虑新闻来源状态(Santos,1997;Ericson等人,1991)。我们确定了87个来源,其中14个是儿童兵或性奴隶,证明了武装冲突的受害者。此外,我们重点分析涉及所研究主题的有关非洲的报告。关键词:国际新闻,冲突,男孩士兵,证词,内容分析。
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引用次数: 0
Comunicação, hegemonia e memória: lutas discursivas sobre a ditadura civil-militar na sociedade brasileira contemporânea 传播、霸权与记忆:当代巴西社会军民专政的话语斗争
Pub Date : 2017-08-03 DOI: 10.4013/VER.2018.32.79.02
Felipe Correa de Mello
In this paper, we aim to make some notes about the discursive struggles over civilian-military dictatorship in contemporary Brazilian society. In order to do so, we first discuss the role of the media in the constitution of the hegemonic memories about this historical period; then we illuminate the presence of subterranean memories (Pollak, 1989) and counter-hegemonic discourses, which aim to establish discursive materialities opposite to the silencing of multiple dimensions of dictatorship, such as the genocide of indigenous peoples, the participation of the business community and the mainstream media in the constitution and support of the authoritarian government. We argue that, despite a relative growth in these voices and subterranean memories, our country is still characterized by the lack of a culture of memory about our recent past. Keywords: collective memories, civilian-military dictatorship, media, hegemony.
在本文中,我们试图对当代巴西社会中的文官独裁斗争做一些说明。为此,我们首先探讨了媒介在这一历史时期霸权记忆建构中的作用;然后,我们阐明了地下记忆(Pollak,1989)和反霸权话语的存在,这些话语旨在建立与压制独裁统治的多个层面相反的话语材料,例如对土著人民的种族灭绝、商业界和主流媒体对宪法的参与以及对威权政府的支持。我们认为,尽管这些声音和地下记忆相对增长,但我们国家的特点仍然是缺乏对我们最近过去的记忆文化。关键词:集体记忆,军民独裁,媒体,霸权。
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引用次数: 0
Documentando a superação: Demi Lovato: Stay Strong e o discurso terapêutico contemporâneo 记录克服:黛米·洛瓦托:保持坚强和当代治疗话语
Pub Date : 2017-07-10 DOI: 10.4013/VER.2018.32.79.06
Igor Sacramento, D. Ramos
In this article, we demonstrate how contemporary therapeutic discourse shapes the construction of different subject position for Demi Lovato in the documentary Stay Strong, produced by MTV, in a context marked by the massive presence of biographical narratives of celebrities’ disorders and mishaps in the media culture. We also analyze how the suffering in the contemporary culture amalgam authenticity, intimacy and identity in the relations between celebrities and their fans by setting a motivational ethos. We conclude that, in contemporary times, celebrities are recreated as self-heroes by the media exposure of their weaknesses, problems and personal misfortunes. In this discursive practice, Demi Lovato becomes an example of suffering and overcoming. Keywords: Demi Lovato, therapeutic discourse, subject position, documentary, biography.
在这篇文章中,我们展示了当代治疗话语如何在MTV制作的纪录片《Stay Strong》中为黛米·洛瓦托塑造不同的主体地位,而这部纪录片的背景是媒体文化中大量存在名人疾病和不幸的传记叙事。我们还分析了当代文化中的苦难是如何通过设定一种激励精神,将名人与粉丝关系中的真实性、亲密性和身份融合在一起的。我们得出的结论是,在当代,名人通过媒体曝光他们的弱点、问题和个人不幸而被重塑为自我英雄。在这种散漫的实践中,黛米·洛瓦托成为了痛苦和克服的榜样。关键词:黛米·洛瓦托,治疗话语,主题定位,纪录片,传记。
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引用次数: 1
A convergência profissional na Rádio CBN-Curitiba: a exigência por profissionais multiskilled CBN-Curitiba电台的专业融合:对多技能专业人员的需求
Pub Date : 2017-01-02 DOI: 10.4013/VER.2017.31.78.03
Bárbara Maia Cerqueira
The present article aims to analyzewhich were the changes that took place in theCBN-Curitiba Radio regarding professionalconvergence. As a theoretical background,the definition of convergence exposed byJenkins (2009) expands and allows itself to beapproached by different ways. Kischinhevsky(2013) and Ferraretto (2014) bring theradio journalist professional context to thecurrent time. Methodologically, a systematicobservation of the CBN-Curitiba Radio,performed by the author during 3 months,was chosen. It was observed that, in theempirical analysis, journalists are located in anoverwhelming organizational reality, insertedin reduced teams and rewarded with loweringwages. Keywords: convergence, radio, journalist,CBN-Curitiba.
本文旨在分析CBN库里蒂巴电台在专业转换方面发生的变化。作为一个理论背景,Jenkins(2009)对收敛性的定义进行了扩展,并允许以不同的方式对其进行处理。Kischihevsky(2013)和Ferraretto(2014)将广播记者的职业背景带到了当下。在方法上,选择了作者在3个月内对CBN Curitiba电台进行的系统观察。据观察,在实证分析中,记者处于一个陌生的组织现实中,加入了减少的团队,并获得了较低的工资。关键词:融合,电台,记者,CBN Curitiba。
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引用次数: 0
Regulamentação da prostituição em espaços comunicacionais brasileiros: os enquadramentos antagônicos do trabalho e da exploração 巴西传播空间卖淫的管制:劳动和剥削的对立框架
Pub Date : 2016-12-20 DOI: 10.4013/VER.2017.31.78.06
Natália Ledur Alles
This article presents reflections concerning two media frames about prostitution identified during my PhD research: (i) the understanding that the activity is inherently exploitation of women and (ii) that is a viable working alternative. Such understandings about the issue were apprehended from the analysis of 65 articles focusing on 4,211/2012 Law Project written by different authors and publicized on different websites. Analysis allowed us to observe a dispute also in communicational spaces regarding sex work meanings. One side considers all prostitutes victims and supports the abolition of the activity, while another thinks the regulation of sex work as a way of expanding rights and also to affirm the autonomy and the agency of subjects. Keywords: communication, media frames, sex work, gender and sexuality, citizenship.
本文提出了我在博士研究中发现的关于卖淫的两种媒体框架的思考:(i)对这种活动本质上是对妇女的剥削的理解;(ii)这是一种可行的工作选择。这些对问题的理解是通过分析不同作者在不同网站上发表的65篇关于4211 /2012法律项目的文章得出的。分析使我们能够观察到在交流空间中关于性工作含义的争议。一方认为所有妓女都是受害者,支持废除这一活动,而另一方则认为对性工作的监管是扩大权利的一种方式,也是对主体自主性和能动性的肯定。关键词:传播、媒体框架、性工作、性别与性行为、公民身份。
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引用次数: 0
Por que humanizar o jornalismo ( 为什么新闻要人性化(
Pub Date : 2016-12-16 DOI: 10.4013/VER.2017.31.78.07
Jorge Kanehide Ijuim
The view that I propose, hinted at in the title of this work, aims to contribute to a reflection on the role of Journalism. In this essay, I try to question whether journalism, as one a means of socialization, also has the mission of humanizing. Here, I approach at least three situations that have led me to believe in the need to humanize journalism, namely: (i) when journalism caricatures the human being, (ii) when it ignores the complexity of the phenomenon, (iii) when it does not recognize the Other. For this reflection and based on the ideas of Boaventura de Sousa Santos (2002, 2010) and Edgar Morin (2006), I bring to discussion the influences of modern social thought in Journalism. In considering the responsibility and importance of journalistic models for understanding the theme, I develop a critique based on studies by Cremilda Medina (2008). Keywords: journalism and society, theories of journalism, epistemology, humanization.
我提出的观点,在这个作品的标题中暗示,旨在促进对新闻的作用的反思。在这篇文章中,我试图质疑新闻作为一种社会化的手段,是否也具有人性化的使命。在这里,我认为至少有三种情况使我相信新闻需要人性化,即:(I)当新闻讽刺人类时,(ii)当它忽略了现象的复杂性时,(iii)当它不认识他者时。基于这一反思,并基于Boaventura de Sousa Santos(2002,2010)和Edgar Morin(2006)的观点,我将讨论现代社会思想对新闻的影响。考虑到新闻模型对理解这一主题的责任和重要性,我基于Cremilda Medina(2008)的研究提出了一种批评。关键词:新闻与社会,新闻理论,认识论,人性化。
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引用次数: 4
“Viagem” discursiva: a circulação do leitor em sistemas midiáticos de jornais do interior gaúcho 散漫的“旅程”:读者在高乔内陆报纸媒体系统中的流通
Pub Date : 2016-12-10 DOI: 10.4013/VER.2017.31.78.04
Francieli Jordão Fantoni, Viviane Borelli
The starting point of this paper focuses on the consideration that a mediatization process of the society is currently in progress. This process affects different social practices, such as religious, political, economical and journalistic. With the emergence of these new technical and discursive procedures, the reader starts to move into the production as well as into the reception. In this context, the journalistic work has also modified itself with the segmentation of the professional activities and with the requirement for a multimedia profile. The journalist nowadays can measure the level of “popularity” and the reach of the news by mapping the readers’ answers, comments and likes, which leave discursive marks in the spaces where news circulate. Therefore, the circulation starts to be seen not just as a place for passage, but also as a place for staying, even though this staying must be considered as something temporary, where the reader writes all his notes, like in a travel diary. So, this paper analyzes the discursive characteristics left by readers when they comment and share news produced by five newspapers from the countryside of Rio Grande do Sul: Diario de Santa Maria (Santa Maria), Pioneiro (Caxias do Sul), Gazeta do Sul (Santa Cruz do Sul), O Nacional (Passo Fundo) e Diario Popular (Pelotas). Methodologically, it was chosen to see the logic of circulation through the social systems theory (Luhmann, 2010) and the discourse by the semiological analysis (Veron, 2004). It is observed the existence of a “transitory” reader, who pinpoints his next stays in order to be always aiming to find new interactive experiences. Keywords: circulation, discourse, readers.
本文的出发点是关注当前社会正在进行的一场媒体化进程。这一过程影响着不同的社会实践,如宗教、政治、经济和新闻。随着这些新的技术和话语程序的出现,读者开始进入生产和接受。在这方面,新闻工作也随着专业活动的分割和多媒体档案的要求而改变了自己。如今的记者可以通过绘制读者的回答、评论和点赞来衡量新闻的“受欢迎”程度和覆盖面,这些都在新闻传播的空间中留下了话语标记。因此,循环开始被视为不仅仅是一个通行的地方,而且也是一个停留的地方,尽管这种停留必须被认为是暂时的,读者在那里写下他所有的笔记,就像在旅行日记中一样。因此,本文分析了来自巴西大南州农村的五家报纸:《圣玛丽亚日报》、《南卡西亚斯先驱报》、《南Gazeta do Sul》、《O Nacional Passo Fundo》和《大众日报》在评论和分享新闻时留下的话语特征。在方法上,选择通过社会系统理论(Luhmann, 2010)和符号学分析(Veron, 2004)的话语来看待循环的逻辑。我们观察到“短暂”读者的存在,他们精确定位自己的下一个停留点,以便始终致力于寻找新的互动体验。关键词:流通,话语,读者。
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引用次数: 0
Midiatização e fontes: construção do discurso jornalístico em articulação 媒介化与来源:新闻话语的建构
Pub Date : 2016-12-07 DOI: 10.4013/VER.2017.31.78.02
Cléber Moletta Gomes, M. Bronosky
A discussion on the involvement of the formation of journalistic speech through an institutional website is proposed. We explored the NGO Viva Rio website, that questions and offers an alternative comprehension of data related to a news published by Agencia Estado. To support this speculation, we started from a constructional view of the news, presenting the concept of multivocal narrative of journalistic enunciation (Motta, 2012) and of journalistic dissemination in articulation areas and pregnancy of different speeches in a complex sistematic system (Fausto Neto, 2012). As a result of this study, even considering the symbolic limitation of the institutional space of news broadcasting (Ferreira, 2007), we notice that the NGO Viva Rio website offers a statement that, articulated with others available websites, enabled its relevant participation in the narrative. Keywords: media involvement, flow information, journalistic discourse, institutional site, NGO Viva Rio.
本文对机构网站对新闻言论形成的介入进行了探讨。我们探索了非政府组织Viva里约热内卢的网站,该网站质疑并提供了对阿根廷通讯社发布的新闻相关数据的另一种理解。为了支持这一推测,我们从新闻的建构观点出发,提出了新闻表达的多声叙事(Motta, 2012)和新闻传播在发音领域的概念,以及在复杂的系统系统中不同的演讲的孕育(Fausto Neto, 2012)。这项研究的结果是,即使考虑到新闻广播制度空间的象征性限制(Ferreira, 2007),我们也注意到,非政府组织Viva里约热内卢网站提供了一份声明,与其他可用的网站相关联,使其能够相关地参与叙事。关键词:媒介介入、信息流、新闻话语、机构网站、非政府组织万岁
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引用次数: 0
De frente com as Gabis: a construção de uma celebridade do tecnobrega 面对加比斯:建立一个tecnobrega名人
Pub Date : 2016-11-23 DOI: 10.4013/VER.2017.31.78.05
D. Prado
This article proposes to examine the Place of Speech of Gaby Amarantos during two different interactions: an interview with Marilia Gabriela, on the TV show De frente com Gabi , aired by SBT, in 2012, and another interview on the same show, in 2014. The goal of this study is to understand how the artist’s actions while interacting with Marilia Gabriela are full of a speech about values of the cultural production that she is engaged with, as much as with the growth of media exposure that her career was going through at the time. Through a contextual approach of the artist’s media path, and a parallel between the two broadcast interviews, it was possible to understand how the context of social insertion of the artist, and the reach of success and media visibility, turning her into a celebrity, affected her discursive speech and the place that her cultural productions have been given. Keywords: Gaby Amarantos, place of speech, celebrity, cultural appreciation.
本文试图检视Gaby Amarantos在两个不同互动中的言论场所:2012年在SBT播出的电视节目De frente com Gabi中对Marilia Gabriela的采访,以及2014年在同一节目中的另一次采访。本研究的目的是了解艺术家在与Marilia Gabriela互动时的行为如何充满了关于她所从事的文化生产价值的演讲,以及当时她的职业生涯所经历的媒体曝光的增长。通过对艺术家的媒体路径的语境研究,以及对两次广播采访的对比,我们可以理解艺术家的社会插入背景,以及成功和媒体知名度的影响,使她成为名人,如何影响她的话语和她的文化作品被赋予的位置。关键词:Gaby Amarantos,演讲场所,名人,文化欣赏。
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引用次数: 0
Medium/forma nas teorias alemãs das mídias: exterioridade, a priori tecnológico-medial, corporalidade, presença e Kulturtechnik 德国媒体理论中的媒介/形式:外部性、先验的技术-媒介、肉体、存在和文化技术
Pub Date : 2016-10-17 DOI: 10.4013/VER.2017.31.78.01
Márcio Telles
Partindo da distinção medium/forma, pretendo demonstrar que este é um axioma chave para as ditas “teorias alemãs da mídia” e seus teóricos, como Kittler, Gumbrecht e outros. É a partir dela que decorrem os demais conceitos que caracterizam a abordagem: exterioridade, a priori tecnológico-medial, corporalidade, presença e técnicas de cultivo. A proposta é torcer as teorias germânicas sobre elas mesmas: se uma dada materialidade (nesse caso, textual) é uma ferramenta heurística que torna presente um medium, minha proposta é tratar as teorias germânicas como sonda exploratória que faz emergir uma epistemologia e um estado da arte teórico-crítico, assim produzindo um tipo de subjetividade acadêmica.
从媒介/形式的区别出发,我打算证明这是所谓的“德国媒介理论”及其理论家如基特勒、古布莱希特等的一个关键公理。正是从它中产生了描述该方法的其他概念:外部性、先验的技术-媒介、身体、存在和培养技术。日耳曼的建议是希望理论关于自己:如果给定证据(在这种情况下,文本)是一个启发式的工具,使一个媒体,这个提议是处理日耳曼理论探索性调查怎么有点奇怪认识论和艺术的一种理论化的,产生一种“谱系。
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引用次数: 1
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