Pub Date : 2025-03-10DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112753
Hyungkyu Moon , T. Sheshashena Reddy , Myung-Seok Choi
The development of reversible thermochromic dyes without leuco dyes or bisphenol presents an ongoing challenge. In this study, reversible five thermochromic diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) dyes were synthesized and characterized (DPP1–5). The optical and thermal properties of the DPP dyes were investigated, and DPP dye microcapsules were also prepared and characterized. We first prepared and characterized microcapsules of DPP dyes and investigated their thermochromic properties. The effect of the phenyl or thiophene substituents attached to the DPP on the thermochromism of the dye was also investigated. Phenyl–based microcapsules DPP1–3 showed a slight color change from deep orange to light yellow upon gradual heating from 30 to 60 °C, whereas thiophene–based DPP dye microcapsules exhibited pronounced color changes from blue to red upon a gradual temperature increase from 30 to 60 °C.
{"title":"Synthesis and reversible thermochromic behavior of diketopyrrolopyrrole dyes","authors":"Hyungkyu Moon , T. Sheshashena Reddy , Myung-Seok Choi","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112753","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112753","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of reversible thermochromic dyes without leuco dyes or bisphenol presents an ongoing challenge. In this study, reversible five thermochromic diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) dyes were synthesized and characterized (<strong>DPP1</strong>–<strong>5</strong>). The optical and thermal properties of the DPP dyes were investigated, and DPP dye microcapsules were also prepared and characterized. We first prepared and characterized microcapsules of DPP dyes and investigated their thermochromic properties. The effect of the phenyl or thiophene substituents attached to the DPP on the thermochromism of the dye was also investigated. Phenyl–based microcapsules <strong>DPP1</strong>–<strong>3</strong> showed a slight color change from deep orange to light yellow upon gradual heating from 30 to 60 °C, whereas thiophene–based DPP dye microcapsules exhibited pronounced color changes from blue to red upon a gradual temperature increase from 30 to 60 °C.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 112753"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143601649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-10DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112752
Zhengqi Xiao , Yang Zou , Yanyun Jing , Ruihan Zhong , Xiaosong Cao , Jingsheng Miao , Chuluo Yang , Xiaojun Peng
Thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) molecules are promising emitters for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). However, they often experience significant efficiency roll-off at high brightness levels due to a relatively slow reverse intersystem crossing rate (kRISC). Both a small singlet-triplet energy gap (ΔEST) and the heavy-atom effect have been shown to effectively accelerate the kRISC of TADF emitters. Despite this, the interplay and relative importance of these two factors have rarely been explored. In this study, we designed two TADF emitters by connecting a selenium-containing electron donor with a triazine acceptor. Although both emitters share a similar molecular framework, the heavy-atom effect in the control emitter, which has a larger ΔEST, negatively impacts its optical properties, leading to a lower photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and weaker TADF characteristics. In contrast, the emitter with a smaller ΔEST exhibits significantly better optical properties, including higher PLQY, much faster kRISC, and consequently, improved device performance. This work highlights that a small ΔEST is the prerequisite for the heavy-atom effect to enhance kRISC and optimize TADF molecule design.
{"title":"The critical role of the small singlet-triplet energy gap in heavy-atom containing TADF emitters for high performance electroluminescence","authors":"Zhengqi Xiao , Yang Zou , Yanyun Jing , Ruihan Zhong , Xiaosong Cao , Jingsheng Miao , Chuluo Yang , Xiaojun Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112752","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112752","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) molecules are promising emitters for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). However, they often experience significant efficiency roll-off at high brightness levels due to a relatively slow reverse intersystem crossing rate (<em>k</em><sub>RISC</sub>). Both a small singlet-triplet energy gap (Δ<em>E</em><sub>ST</sub>) and the heavy-atom effect have been shown to effectively accelerate the <em>k</em><sub>RISC</sub> of TADF emitters. Despite this, the interplay and relative importance of these two factors have rarely been explored. In this study, we designed two TADF emitters by connecting a selenium-containing electron donor with a triazine acceptor. Although both emitters share a similar molecular framework, the heavy-atom effect in the control emitter, which has a larger Δ<em>E</em><sub>ST</sub>, negatively impacts its optical properties, leading to a lower photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and weaker TADF characteristics. In contrast, the emitter with a smaller Δ<em>E</em><sub>ST</sub> exhibits significantly better optical properties, including higher PLQY, much faster <em>k</em><sub>RISC</sub>, and consequently, improved device performance. This work highlights that a small Δ<em>E</em><sub>ST</sub> is the prerequisite for the heavy-atom effect to enhance <em>k</em><sub>RISC</sub> and optimize TADF molecule design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 112752"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143611605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-09DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112748
Ishan Chaturvedi , Saurabh Vyas , Roli Mishra
Hugo Schiff (1864) created Schiff-bases by condensing primary amines with carbonyl compounds (ketone or aldehyde). Schiff-bases are used in many fields, including optoelectronics (metal ion sensing, explosive detection, aggregation induced emission (AIE), bioimaging) and medicine, due to their diverse structural and electrical properties. Schiff bases that coordinate with various metal ions produce a stable compound. Schiff bases are used as fluorescent turn-on/turn-off, colorimetric and ratiometric chemosensors because of their remarkable coordination ability, these chemosensors are used to identify different metal cations in samples, including Al3+, Cu2+, Sn2+, Cd2+, Hg2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Hg2+, Fe3+, and Cr3+. This review article covers a wide range of Schiff bases used in chemosensing applications for various metal ions in aqueous medium and also in AIE-active fluorescent molecules, Moreover, this review includes good quality papers of last two decades.
{"title":"A review of the applications of fluorescent Schiff-base sensors for the metal ions detection and AIE properties","authors":"Ishan Chaturvedi , Saurabh Vyas , Roli Mishra","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112748","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112748","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hugo Schiff (1864) created Schiff-bases by condensing primary amines with carbonyl compounds (ketone or aldehyde). Schiff-bases are used in many fields, including optoelectronics (metal ion sensing, explosive detection, aggregation induced emission (AIE), bioimaging) and medicine, due to their diverse structural and electrical properties. Schiff bases that coordinate with various metal ions produce a stable compound. Schiff bases are used as fluorescent turn-on/turn-off, colorimetric and ratiometric chemosensors because of their remarkable coordination ability, these chemosensors are used to identify different metal cations in samples, including Al<sup>3+</sup>, Cu<sup>2+,</sup> Sn<sup>2+</sup>, Cd<sup>2+</sup>, Hg<sup>2+</sup>, Ni<sup>2+</sup>, Zn<sup>2+</sup>, Hg<sup>2+</sup>, Fe<sup>3+</sup>, and Cr<sup>3+</sup>. This review article covers a wide range of Schiff bases used in chemosensing applications for various metal ions in aqueous medium and also in AIE-active fluorescent molecules, Moreover, this review includes good quality papers of last two decades.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 112748"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143620958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-07DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112740
Raúl Segovia-Pérez, Marisol Ibarra-Rodríguez, Blanca M. Muñoz-Flores, Víctor M. Jiménez-Pérez
This review examines available data on BODIPYs with near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent properties. BODIPYs, widely used as fluorescent dyes, offer facile modification and the potential for high quantum yields, making them valuable for various applications. The first section focuses on sustainable synthesis methods, including mechanosynthesis, microwave-assisted synthesis, and multicomponent reactions, as well as the photophysical properties of BODIPYs. The second section explores their biomedical applications in molecular imaging, where they serve as markers, sensors, and therapeutic agents. Their NIR fluorescence enables deeper tissue penetration and reduced autofluorescence, enhancing imaging accuracy. This review provides a comprehensive and critical perspective on green synthesis strategies, NIR optical properties, and biomedical applications of BODIPY. Additionally, it highlights key challenges and future prospects, particularly in medical diagnostics and treatment.
{"title":"Near-infrared fluorescent BODIPY dyes: Green synthesis, photophysical properties, and their applications in biomedical molecular imaging","authors":"Raúl Segovia-Pérez, Marisol Ibarra-Rodríguez, Blanca M. Muñoz-Flores, Víctor M. Jiménez-Pérez","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112740","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112740","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review examines available data on BODIPYs with near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent properties. BODIPYs, widely used as fluorescent dyes, offer facile modification and the potential for high quantum yields, making them valuable for various applications. The first section focuses on sustainable synthesis methods, including mechanosynthesis, microwave-assisted synthesis, and multicomponent reactions, as well as the photophysical properties of BODIPYs. The second section explores their biomedical applications in molecular imaging, where they serve as markers, sensors, and therapeutic agents. Their NIR fluorescence enables deeper tissue penetration and reduced autofluorescence, enhancing imaging accuracy. This review provides a comprehensive and critical perspective on green synthesis strategies, NIR optical properties, and biomedical applications of BODIPY. Additionally, it highlights key challenges and future prospects, particularly in medical diagnostics and treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 112740"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143601651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We report a facile strategy for developing electro(fluoro)chromic (EC/EFC) polyimides by incorporating a new structurally designed diamine containing carbazole-substituted triphenylmethane, which serves as a building block responsible for the EC/EFC effects. Three dianhydrides with variable planarity and flexibility were selected to construct the polyimides, which proved to play an essential role in tailoring the EC/EFC response. Besides structural and physico-chemical characterization, a detailed study was carried out concerning their electrochemical behavior, highlighting the formation of polymer dimers or polymer networks by electropolymerization contingent on the macromolecule's solid-state arrangements. We have demonstrated that the dimerization process leads to polymer structures with a relatively high EC efficiency (up to 372 cm2/C) and significant recovery of this parameter (up to 96 %) after 100 cycles. Although the polymers exhibited high emission in the solid-state via the AIE effect, this was effectively reduced by applying oxidation potentials as a result of initial geometry orientation changing. Thus, the present polyimides can simultaneously integrate EC and EFC characteristics, suggesting that dimerization and aggregation can be considered appropriate pathways to improve the EC/EFC behavior of polymers containing carbazole units.
{"title":"Exploring the electrochromic and electrofluorochromic responses triggered by carbazole when grafted on triphenylmethane in polyimide","authors":"Andra-Elena Bejan, Catalin-Paul Constantin, Mariana-Dana Damaceanu","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112749","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112749","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report a facile strategy for developing electro(fluoro)chromic (EC/EFC) polyimides by incorporating a new structurally designed diamine containing carbazole-substituted triphenylmethane, which serves as a building block responsible for the EC/EFC effects. Three dianhydrides with variable planarity and flexibility were selected to construct the polyimides, which proved to play an essential role in tailoring the EC/EFC response. Besides structural and physico-chemical characterization, a detailed study was carried out concerning their electrochemical behavior, highlighting the formation of polymer dimers or polymer networks by electropolymerization contingent on the macromolecule's solid-state arrangements. We have demonstrated that the dimerization process leads to polymer structures with a relatively high EC efficiency (up to 372 cm<sup>2</sup>/C) and significant recovery of this parameter (up to 96 %) after 100 cycles. Although the polymers exhibited high emission in the solid-state <em>via</em> the AIE effect, this was effectively reduced by applying oxidation potentials as a result of initial geometry orientation changing. Thus, the present polyimides can simultaneously integrate EC and EFC characteristics, suggesting that dimerization and aggregation can be considered appropriate pathways to improve the EC/EFC behavior of polymers containing carbazole units.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 112749"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143644253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-07DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112751
Pingping Wu , Junchao Liu , Songtao Shao , Yuanyuan Shang , Jingxia Wang
Flexible electronics have garnered significant attention in various applications, including wearable devices, disease diagnosis, and healthcare monitoring. Herein, inspired by the extensibility of skin and the color-changing principles observed in chameleons, a special conductive and stretchable structural color film is designed for visualizing flexible electronics. This inverse opal composite film (PEDOT-PVDF(HFP)-IO film) is fabricated by integrating poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (PVDF(HFP)), and photonic crystal (PC) structures through electro-polymerization, self-assembly, thermal evaporation, and template sacrifice process. The PEDOT-PVDF(HFP)-IO film displays stable optical and electrical dual signal sensing, which results from the PC structures of the PVDF(HFP) layer and the conductivity of the PEDOT layer. Notably, the film exhibits an interactive color-changing capability, along with stable and sensitive conductivity during dynamic movements, making it suitable for use as a photoelectric sensing platform. This study can present a novel research approach for the visualization of flexible electronics.
{"title":"Bioinspired PEDOT-PVDF(HFP) structural color film for visualizing flexible electronics","authors":"Pingping Wu , Junchao Liu , Songtao Shao , Yuanyuan Shang , Jingxia Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112751","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112751","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flexible electronics have garnered significant attention in various applications, including wearable devices, disease diagnosis, and healthcare monitoring. Herein, inspired by the extensibility of skin and the color-changing principles observed in chameleons, a special conductive and stretchable structural color film is designed for visualizing flexible electronics. This inverse opal composite film (PEDOT-PVDF(HFP)-IO film) is fabricated by integrating poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (PVDF(HFP)), and photonic crystal (PC) structures through electro-polymerization, self-assembly, thermal evaporation, and template sacrifice process. The PEDOT-PVDF(HFP)-IO film displays stable optical and electrical dual signal sensing, which results from the PC structures of the PVDF(HFP) layer and the conductivity of the PEDOT layer. Notably, the film exhibits an interactive color-changing capability, along with stable and sensitive conductivity during dynamic movements, making it suitable for use as a photoelectric sensing platform. This study can present a novel research approach for the visualization of flexible electronics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 112751"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143601650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-06DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112739
Shi-Wei Fu , Zong-Xing Huang , Chuan-Zhi Ni , Fang-Qi Zhang , Yang Li , Yuan-Yuan Zhu , Qi Sun , Shuang-Xi Gu
Binaphthyl-based chiral fluorescent probes (S)-/(R)-1 featuring a 2-methylthiophenimide unit were designed and synthesized. The fluorescent response to enantiomer pairs of amino acids revealed that (S)- and (R)-enantimer of the probe had chiral bias to L- and d-amino acids, respectively. The compound (S)-1 showed outstanding enantioselective fluorescence enhancement toward 10 amino acids (Asn, Glu, Val, Leu, Met, Ser, Gln, Arg, Phe and Ala) in both solvents of EtOH/H2O and DMSO/H2O at the condition of pH 7.5. Extremely high enantiomeric fluorescence enhancement ratio (ef, [IL-I0]/[ID-I0]) were obtained for Asn (646.2), Glu (318.9), Val (255.6), Leu (252.4), Thr (223.9) in EtOH/H2O, and the ef values to Val, Ala, Ser, Glu, Arg, Gln were all larger than 20 in DMSO/H2O. Chiral fluorescent imaging of the four amino acids (Ser, Val, Arg and Gln) were obtained in both living cells and zebrafishes via the probe (R)-1, which provides a new concept for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases associated with amino acid racemization. Results of 1H NMR and HRMS revealed the enantioselective fluorescence enhancement mechanism.
{"title":"A fluorescent probe for enantioselective recognition of amino acids in solutions, cells and zebrafishes","authors":"Shi-Wei Fu , Zong-Xing Huang , Chuan-Zhi Ni , Fang-Qi Zhang , Yang Li , Yuan-Yuan Zhu , Qi Sun , Shuang-Xi Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112739","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112739","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Binaphthyl-based chiral fluorescent probes (<em>S</em>)-/(<em>R</em>)-<strong>1</strong> featuring a 2-methylthiophenimide unit were designed and synthesized. The fluorescent response to enantiomer pairs of amino acids revealed that (<em>S</em>)- and (<em>R</em>)-enantimer of the probe had chiral bias to L- and <span>d</span>-amino acids, respectively. The compound (<em>S</em>)-<strong>1</strong> showed outstanding enantioselective fluorescence enhancement toward 10 amino acids (Asn, Glu, Val, Leu, Met, Ser, Gln, Arg, Phe and Ala) in both solvents of EtOH/H<sub>2</sub>O and DMSO/H<sub>2</sub>O at the condition of pH 7.5. Extremely high enantiomeric fluorescence enhancement ratio (<em>ef</em>, [I<sub>L</sub>-I<sub>0</sub>]/[I<sub>D</sub>-I<sub>0</sub>]) were obtained for Asn (646.2), Glu (318.9), Val (255.6), Leu (252.4), Thr (223.9) in EtOH/H<sub>2</sub>O, and the <em>ef</em> values to Val, Ala, Ser, Glu, Arg, Gln were all larger than 20 in DMSO/H<sub>2</sub>O. Chiral fluorescent imaging of the four amino acids (Ser, Val, Arg and Gln) were obtained in both living cells and zebrafishes <em>via</em> the probe (<em>R</em>)-<strong>1</strong>, which provides a new concept for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases associated with amino acid racemization. Results of <sup>1</sup>H NMR and HRMS revealed the enantioselective fluorescence enhancement mechanism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 112739"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143579802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-05DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112738
Yuanyuan Zhou , Yaohua Shi , Miao Li , Xingjie Wang , Qianqian Zhu , Ziyou Duan , Lulu Jiang , Jien Yang , Chaochao Qin , Ruiping Qin
aliphatic amine-functionalized perylene-diimide (PDINN) has strong unique hydrogen-bonding and electron self-doping effect so that it accelerates the leapfrog speed of organic solar cells (OSCs) efficiency to the highest present level. Here the dye, PDINN is modified by dicarboxylate and tetra-phenyl-phosphonium moieties obtaining two cathode interfacial materials PDOEN and PDOP. PDOEN is still retaining half aliphatic amine-function-group like PDINN; PDOP furnished with tetra-phenyl-phosphonium bromide. The two interfacial materials tuned the surface wettability, energy level alignment and physical contact properties, leading to device performance improvement. The power conversion efficiency was promoted from 15.43 % of PDINN based OSCs to 15.88 % of PDOEN based OSCs with PM6/Y6 as photo active system. For another photo active system PM6/L8-BO, this parameter also enhanced from 17.13 % (PDINN device) up to 17.45 % (PDOEN device). Except for the open circuit voltage, the photo current increasement is noteworthy and can be observed visually by photo-current map technology. The property of the two PDI-derivatives indicates that ester imide structures could be useful protocol in developing high-performance organic interlayer materials.
{"title":"Interlayer enhancement of organic solar cells efficiency","authors":"Yuanyuan Zhou , Yaohua Shi , Miao Li , Xingjie Wang , Qianqian Zhu , Ziyou Duan , Lulu Jiang , Jien Yang , Chaochao Qin , Ruiping Qin","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112738","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112738","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>aliphatic amine-functionalized perylene-diimide (PDINN) has strong unique hydrogen-bonding and electron self-doping effect so that it accelerates the leapfrog speed of organic solar cells (OSCs) efficiency to the highest present level. Here the dye, PDINN is modified by dicarboxylate and tetra-phenyl-phosphonium moieties obtaining two cathode interfacial materials PDOEN and PDOP. PDOEN is still retaining half aliphatic amine-function-group like PDINN; PDOP furnished with tetra-phenyl-phosphonium bromide. The two interfacial materials tuned the surface wettability, energy level alignment and physical contact properties, leading to device performance improvement. The power conversion efficiency was promoted from 15.43 % of PDINN based OSCs to 15.88 % of PDOEN based OSCs with PM6/Y6 as photo active system. For another photo active system PM6/L8-BO, this parameter also enhanced from 17.13 % (PDINN device) up to 17.45 % (PDOEN device). Except for the open circuit voltage, the photo current increasement is noteworthy and can be observed visually by photo-current map technology. The property of the two PDI-derivatives indicates that ester imide structures could be useful protocol in developing high-performance organic interlayer materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 112738"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143579801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-05DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112734
Hao Xue , Hong Zheng , Jing Xiang , Ke Cheng , Biyue Zhu
In this work, using discarded white pomelo peel as the green precursor and hydrochloric acid (HCl) as the dopant, water-soluble Cl–N-doped carbon dots (Cl-NCDs) with excellent performance were synthesized by one-step hydrothermal method. The Cl-NCDs function as both luminescent agents and catalysts, significantly enhancing the chemiluminescence intensity of the HCl–HCHO–KMnO4 system, forming a novel HCl–HCHO-(Cl-NCDs)-KMnO4 chemiluminescence system. The addition of erythromycin (EM) solution inhibits the chemiluminescence intensity of new system. By optimizing the conditions, we established a simple, cost-effective, and reliable chemiluminescence method for EM detection, offering a linear range of 5–100 μM and a detection limit of 0.0149 μM. In addition, this method was successfully applied to the analysis of EM in various water simples, achieving recovery rates ranging from 97.6 % to 106 %.
{"title":"Chemiluminescence of Cl-NCDs and KMnO4 systems based on waste pomelo peel for erythromycin detection","authors":"Hao Xue , Hong Zheng , Jing Xiang , Ke Cheng , Biyue Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112734","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112734","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, using discarded white pomelo peel as the green precursor and hydrochloric acid (HCl) as the dopant, water-soluble Cl–N-doped carbon dots (Cl-NCDs) with excellent performance were synthesized by one-step hydrothermal method. The Cl-NCDs function as both luminescent agents and catalysts, significantly enhancing the chemiluminescence intensity of the HCl–HCHO–KMnO<sub>4</sub> system, forming a novel HCl–HCHO-(Cl-NCDs)-KMnO<sub>4</sub> chemiluminescence system. The addition of erythromycin (EM) solution inhibits the chemiluminescence intensity of new system. By optimizing the conditions, we established a simple, cost-effective, and reliable chemiluminescence method for EM detection, offering a linear range of 5–100 μM and a detection limit of 0.0149 μM. In addition, this method was successfully applied to the analysis of EM in various water simples, achieving recovery rates ranging from 97.6 % to 106 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 112734"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-03DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112737
Di Wu, Chengpei Du, Lingyan Ma, Rui Xiao, Long Tan, Wenjing Qi
Owing to Zn2+-sensitized fluorescent effect, boric acid functionalized zinc-europium binuclear metal-organic frameworks (Zn-Eu-MOFs) are synthesized and applied in fluorescent quenching detection of luteolin in Chrysanthemum tea for the first time. Eu3+/Zn2+ and 5-boronobenzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid (BBDC) are utilized via a fast one-pot microwave process at 120 °C for 1 h. Due to energy transfer efficiency change by “antenna” effect and better effective energy transfer of Zn2+ than Eu3+, Zn2+ increases fluorescence of Zn-Eu-MOFs nearly 3.5 times. Different ligands and different metal ions are compared to synthesize Zn-Eu-MOFs. Highly specific binding affinity of boric acid towards cis-diol structure in luteolin and chelating of Zn2+ with luteolin achieves fluorescent quenching detection of luteolin with low limit of detection of 16 nΜ and high selectivity. When it is utilized in fluorescent detection of luteolin in water and Chrysanthemum tea, mean recoveries are obtained from 99.5 % to 102.7 % and from 99.3 % to 100.6 %, respectively.
{"title":"Fluorescent sensitive detection of luteolin in Chrysanthemum tea using boric acid functionalized binuclear Zn-Eu-MOFs","authors":"Di Wu, Chengpei Du, Lingyan Ma, Rui Xiao, Long Tan, Wenjing Qi","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112737","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112737","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Owing to Zn<sup>2+</sup>-sensitized fluorescent effect, boric acid functionalized zinc-europium binuclear metal-organic frameworks (<strong>Zn-Eu-MOFs</strong>) are synthesized and applied in fluorescent quenching detection of luteolin in <em>Chrysanthemum</em> tea for the first time. Eu<sup>3+</sup>/Zn<sup>2+</sup> and 5-boronobenzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid (BBDC) are utilized via a fast one-pot microwave process at 120 °C for 1 h. Due to energy transfer efficiency change by “antenna” effect and better effective energy transfer of Zn<sup>2+</sup> than Eu<sup>3+</sup>, Zn<sup>2+</sup> increases fluorescence of <strong>Zn-Eu-MOFs</strong> nearly 3.5 times. Different ligands and different metal ions are compared to synthesize <strong>Zn-Eu-MOFs</strong>. Highly specific binding affinity of boric acid towards cis-diol structure in luteolin and chelating of Zn<sup>2+</sup> with luteolin achieves fluorescent quenching detection of luteolin with low limit of detection of 16 nΜ and high selectivity. When it is utilized in fluorescent detection of luteolin in water and <em>Chrysanthemum</em> tea, mean recoveries are obtained from 99.5 % to 102.7 % and from 99.3 % to 100.6 %, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"238 ","pages":"Article 112737"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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