Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-01-19DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2026.113577
Gang Fang , Yajie Yang , Cheng Chen , Liting Wang , Ziyang Xia , Haoxin Wang , Bin Cai , Ming Cheng
The rational design of hole transport materials (HTMs) through precise molecular energy level modulation and enhanced interfacial coupling, offers a promising approach for improving perovskite solar cells (PSCs) performance. In this study, we designed and developed three novel acridine-derivative HTMs, termed as TAO, TAS, and TASO2, featuring tailored highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energies and strengthened interfacial interactions with the perovskites layer. The TAS-based device obtained a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.6% and demonstrated outstanding environmental stability. These results highlight the crucial role of optimized energy level alignment and interfacial passivation in designing efficient and stable HTMs for perovskite photovoltaics.
{"title":"Dimeric acridine hole transport materials with tunable bridging units for perovskite solar cells","authors":"Gang Fang , Yajie Yang , Cheng Chen , Liting Wang , Ziyang Xia , Haoxin Wang , Bin Cai , Ming Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2026.113577","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2026.113577","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rational design of hole transport materials (HTMs) through precise molecular energy level modulation and enhanced interfacial coupling, offers a promising approach for improving perovskite solar cells (PSCs) performance. In this study, we designed and developed three novel acridine-derivative HTMs, termed as TAO, TAS, and TASO2, featuring tailored highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energies and strengthened interfacial interactions with the perovskites layer. The TAS-based device obtained a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.6% and demonstrated outstanding environmental stability. These results highlight the crucial role of optimized energy level alignment and interfacial passivation in designing efficient and stable HTMs for perovskite photovoltaics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"249 ","pages":"Article 113577"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146036631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The discovery of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) has revolutionized the research of luminescent materials, where the restriction of intramolecular motion model serves as a guiding principle for the design of AIE luminogens (AIEgens). Recent studies have uncovered an intriguing anti-heavy atom effect on their photophysical behavior; however, the role of halogen position remains underexplored. Herein, we synthesize a series of chloro-1,1,2,2-tetrakis (4-(phenyl ethynyl) phenyl) ethane (ClTPPE) derivatives to systematically elucidate how chlorine substitution modulates their photophysical properties. The ClTPPE derivatives exhibit ultrahigh fluorescence quantum yields (ΦF), among which o-ClTPPE achieves an exceptional ΦF value of 86.5 % in the solid state, attributed to chlorine-based intermolecular contacts. Theoretical and crystallographic analyses reveal that the chlorine substitution plays a key role in enhancing molecular packing rigidity and significantly minimizing non-radiative decay, thereby synergistically enhancing the AIE property. This work establishes design principles for chlorine-mediated noncovalent engineering, providing a rational framework for the optimization of halogenated AIEgens.
{"title":"Ultrahigh fluorescence efficiency via halogen-based bonding regulation in regioisomeric chloro-tetraphenylethylene derivatives","authors":"Zifeng Huang , Xiaohua Liu , Xiaoyang Zhao , Fabien Silly , Xinrui Miao","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2026.113588","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2026.113588","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The discovery of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) has revolutionized the research of luminescent materials, where the restriction of intramolecular motion model serves as a guiding principle for the design of AIE luminogens (AIEgens). Recent studies have uncovered an intriguing anti-heavy atom effect on their photophysical behavior; however, the role of halogen position remains underexplored. Herein, we synthesize a series of chloro-1,1,2,2-tetrakis (4-(phenyl ethynyl) phenyl) ethane (ClTPPE) derivatives to systematically elucidate how chlorine substitution modulates their photophysical properties. The ClTPPE derivatives exhibit ultrahigh fluorescence quantum yields (<em>Φ</em><sub>F</sub>), among which <em>o</em>-ClTPPE achieves an exceptional <em>Φ</em><sub>F</sub> value of 86.5 % in the solid state, attributed to chlorine-based intermolecular contacts. Theoretical and crystallographic analyses reveal that the chlorine substitution plays a key role in enhancing molecular packing rigidity and significantly minimizing non-radiative decay, thereby synergistically enhancing the AIE property. This work establishes design principles for chlorine-mediated noncovalent engineering, providing a rational framework for the optimization of halogenated AIEgens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"249 ","pages":"Article 113588"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146036583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-01-23DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2026.113605
Hanfei Xiang , Zhefeng Wang , Yonghe Zhang , Ruirui Liu , Xin Li , Zuojue Lei , Wenxing Liang , Peng Zhang , Zhenghua Ju
A novel pyridine derivative (264) with a donor-acceptor1-acceptor2 (D-A1-A2) configuration was synthesized by connecting carbazole with two pyridine units. The compound 264 showed a strong solvent-polarity-dependent emission behavior, suggesting an evident intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) due to the incorporation of two acceptor moieties. Upon exposure to HCl vapor, its absorption and fluorescence spectra showed distinct redshift, which was attributed to the protonation of the pyridine groups. Compared to the N atom in the A1 group, the N atom in the A2 group was identified as the optimal site for the protonation due to the high stability, high electronegativity, and minimal steric hindrance. Furthermore, a doped system with Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as the host and 264 as the guest exhibited room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP), with a long lifetime of 304 ms at 472 nm and a quantum yield of 12.3 % for 0.3 % 264@PVA. Theoretical calculations revealed that the D-A1-A2 configuration enabled a hybrid LE-ICT character in the triplet excited states, which enhanced spin-orbit coupling (SOC), thus promoting efficient intersystem crossing (ISC). Compared to the dihedral angle θ1, the dihedral angle θ2 showed a more significant and non-monotonic effect on the ISC rate.
{"title":"A D-A-A pyridine derivative: synthesis, luminescent behaviors, and structure-property relationships","authors":"Hanfei Xiang , Zhefeng Wang , Yonghe Zhang , Ruirui Liu , Xin Li , Zuojue Lei , Wenxing Liang , Peng Zhang , Zhenghua Ju","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2026.113605","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2026.113605","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel pyridine derivative (264) with a donor-acceptor1-acceptor2 (D-A1-A2) configuration was synthesized by connecting carbazole with two pyridine units. The compound 264 showed a strong solvent-polarity-dependent emission behavior, suggesting an evident intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) due to the incorporation of two acceptor moieties. Upon exposure to HCl vapor, its absorption and fluorescence spectra showed distinct redshift, which was attributed to the protonation of the pyridine groups. Compared to the N atom in the A1 group, the N atom in the A2 group was identified as the optimal site for the protonation due to the high stability, high electronegativity, and minimal steric hindrance. Furthermore, a doped system with Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as the host and 264 as the guest exhibited room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP), with a long lifetime of 304 ms at 472 nm and a quantum yield of 12.3 % for 0.3 % 264@PVA. Theoretical calculations revealed that the D-A1-A2 configuration enabled a hybrid LE-ICT character in the triplet excited states, which enhanced spin-orbit coupling (SOC), thus promoting efficient intersystem crossing (ISC). Compared to the dihedral angle θ<sub>1</sub>, the dihedral angle θ<sub>2</sub> showed a more significant and non-monotonic effect on the ISC rate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"249 ","pages":"Article 113605"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146090500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2026.113633
Dantong Wang , Xue Zhang , Xinge Li , Jianzhang Zhao , Ming-De Li
A systematic study was carried out on the intersystem crossing (ISC) and triplet state properties of the cyclic phenothiazine (PTZ) ketone compound (PTZ-CO), an acyclic formyl PTZ compound PTZ-CHO and the reference compound 2-isopropylthioxanthone (ITX). Additionally, their applicability as photoinitiators for radical photopolymerization was evaluated. PTZ-CO exhibits stronger fluorescence in nonpolar solvents than in polar solvents, while PTZ-CHO shows significantly higher fluorescence quantum yields with weak dependence on solvent polarity. Among the three compounds, ITX shows efficient ISC, with singlet oxygen quantum yields (ΦΔ) ranging from 22% to 75% in different solvents. In contrast, PTZ-CO and PTZ-CHO show much less efficient ISC, with ΦΔ values below 10%. Nanosecond transient absorption spectral study shows that PTZ-CO has a long triplet state lifetime (τT = 44.5 μs), a result similar to that of ITX (τT = 64.2 μs). PTZ-CHO shows slightly shorter triplet state lifetime (τT = 37.2 μs). Importantly, all the compounds can be used as efficient photoinitiators for radical photopolymerization. Blends of these compounds with diphenyliodonium hexafluorophosphate (DPI) and acrylate monomer, used as a co-initiator, form efficient radical photopolymerization systems. Mechanistic studies indicate that DPI primarily quenches the triplet excited state of the compounds via electron transfer, thereby generating active phenyl radical that initiate the polymerization process.
{"title":"Visible-light-harvesting carbonyl-phenothiazine compounds as photoinitiators: study of the photophysics and application for radical photopolymerization","authors":"Dantong Wang , Xue Zhang , Xinge Li , Jianzhang Zhao , Ming-De Li","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2026.113633","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2026.113633","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A systematic study was carried out on the intersystem crossing (ISC) and triplet state properties of the cyclic phenothiazine (PTZ) ketone compound (<strong>PTZ-CO</strong>), an acyclic formyl PTZ compound <strong>PTZ-CHO</strong> and the reference compound 2-isopropylthioxanthone (<strong>ITX</strong>). Additionally, their applicability as photoinitiators for radical photopolymerization was evaluated. <strong>PTZ-CO</strong> exhibits stronger fluorescence in nonpolar solvents than in polar solvents, while <strong>PTZ-CHO</strong> shows significantly higher fluorescence quantum yields with weak dependence on solvent polarity. Among the three compounds, <strong>ITX</strong> shows efficient ISC, with singlet oxygen quantum yields (<em>Φ</em><sub>Δ</sub>) ranging from 22% to 75% in different solvents. In contrast, <strong>PTZ-CO</strong> and <strong>PTZ-CHO</strong> show much less efficient ISC, with <em>Φ</em><sub>Δ</sub> values below 10%. Nanosecond transient absorption spectral study shows that <strong>PTZ-CO</strong> has a long triplet state lifetime (<em>τ</em><sub>T</sub> = 44.5 μs), a result similar to that of <strong>ITX</strong> (<em>τ</em><sub>T</sub> = 64.2 μs). <strong>PTZ-CHO</strong> shows slightly shorter triplet state lifetime (<em>τ</em><sub>T</sub> = 37.2 μs). Importantly, all the compounds can be used as efficient photoinitiators for radical photopolymerization. Blends of these compounds with diphenyliodonium hexafluorophosphate (DPI) and acrylate monomer, used as a co-initiator, form efficient radical photopolymerization systems. Mechanistic studies indicate that DPI primarily quenches the triplet excited state of the compounds via electron transfer, thereby generating active phenyl radical that initiate the polymerization process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"249 ","pages":"Article 113633"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146184787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-02-10DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2026.113639
Guifeng Wang , Tao Wang , Zhizhong Qin , Guoxing Zhang
Increasing the purity of Pigment Yellow 138 (3,4,5,6-tetrachloro-N-(2-(4,5,6,7-tetrachloro-2,3-dihydro-1,3-dioxo-2-indenyl)-8-quinolyl)phthalimide) is crucial for the preparation and application of stable nanosized pigments in high-performance color filters. This work presents a purification method employing supercritical CO2 (SC–CO2) extraction with methanol as the co-solvent, which successfully elevating the purity of crude Pigment Yellow 138 to 99.85% while minimizing product loss. Subsequently, Pigment Yellow 138 samples with different purity levels were subjected to an identical pigment granulation process to form the nanosized particles. The results demonstrated that higher purity leads to narrower particle size distribution, enhanced crystallinity, and more uniform particle morphology. When formulated into color resist pastes, the high-purity nanosized pigment demonstrated the superior performance, including a significantly higher contrast ratio, improved viscosity stability, and enhanced thermal resistance. These improvements were confirmed by optical transmittance measurements and colorimetric analysis before and after post-baking treatment. This work provides an effective strategy for purification, crystallization, and performance optimization of Pigment Yellow 138 for advanced display technologies.
提高黄138（3,4,5,6-四氯- n -（2-（4,5,6,7-四氯-2,3-二氢-1,3-二氧基-2-吲哚基）-8-喹啉基）酞酰亚胺）的纯度是制备和应用于高性能滤色剂中稳定的纳米颜料的关键。本文提出了一种以甲醇为助溶剂的超临界CO2 （SC-CO2）萃取纯化方法，成功地将粗色素黄138的纯度提高到99.85%，同时最大限度地减少了产品损失。随后，不同纯度的颜料黄138样品进行相同的颜料造粒工艺，形成纳米级颗粒。结果表明，纯度越高，晶粒尺寸分布越窄，结晶度越高，晶粒形貌越均匀。当配制成抗色糊时，高纯度纳米级颜料表现出优异的性能，包括显着提高的对比度，改善的粘度稳定性和增强的耐热性。通过烘烤前后的光学透射率测量和比色分析证实了这些改善。本研究为色素黄138的纯化、结晶和性能优化提供了有效的策略，为先进的显示技术提供了基础。
{"title":"The purity-dependent crystallization behavior and performance of pigment yellow 138","authors":"Guifeng Wang , Tao Wang , Zhizhong Qin , Guoxing Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2026.113639","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2026.113639","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Increasing the purity of Pigment Yellow 138 (3,4,5,6-tetrachloro-N-(2-(4,5,6,7-tetrachloro-2,3-dihydro-1,3-dioxo-2-indenyl)-8-quinolyl)phthalimide) is crucial for the preparation and application of stable nanosized pigments in high-performance color filters. This work presents a purification method employing supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> (SC–CO<sub>2</sub>) extraction with methanol as the co-solvent, which successfully elevating the purity of crude Pigment Yellow 138 to 99.85% while minimizing product loss. Subsequently, Pigment Yellow 138 samples with different purity levels were subjected to an identical pigment granulation process to form the nanosized particles. The results demonstrated that higher purity leads to narrower particle size distribution, enhanced crystallinity, and more uniform particle morphology. When formulated into color resist pastes, the high-purity nanosized pigment demonstrated the superior performance, including a significantly higher contrast ratio, improved viscosity stability, and enhanced thermal resistance. These improvements were confirmed by optical transmittance measurements and colorimetric analysis before and after post-baking treatment. This work provides an effective strategy for purification, crystallization, and performance optimization of Pigment Yellow 138 for advanced display technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"249 ","pages":"Article 113639"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146184852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-01-29DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2026.113622
Hui Joo Kim, Min Hee Lee
Zinc (Zn2+) is a vital trace metal ions involved in various biological processes, including enzyme regulation, gene expression, and cellular signaling. In the prostate, zinc levels are exceptionally high and tightly controlled by zinc transporter proteins (ZnT and ZIP). Dysregulation of zinc homeostasis has been closely linked to prostate cancer development and progression. However, conventional techniques such as ICP–MS or ETAAS are accurate but unsuitable for real-time cellular imaging, and many existing fluorescent probes still face hurdles such as poor aqueous solubility and slow response kinetics. In this study, we strategically developed PPND, a naphthalimide-based fluorescent probe functionalized with pyridylpiperazine and dipicolylamine moieties. This unique scaffold was specifically engineered to simultaneously enhance water compatibility and facilitate rapid cellular uptake, overcoming common limitations of traditional sensors. Upon Zn2+ binding, PPND exhibits a significant fluorescence shift from 470 nm to 530 nm, resulting in a sixfold enhancement with a low detection limit of 0.125 μM. PPND operates effectively across pH 4–9, exhibits 1:1 Zn2+–ligand stoichiometry, and offers excellent reversibility via EDTA treatment. Its high analytical reliability was validated through the precise quantification of Zn2+ in commercial supplements. Most importantly, PPND enabled the real-time visualization of intracellular zinc fluctuations in LNCaP–LN3 prostate cancer cells, providing a robust tool for monitoring zinc depletion in a complex biological environment where such tools have remained scarce. The development of PPND offers a reliable, recyclable, and biocompatible platform, facilitating the design of next-generation theranostic probes for zinc-associated pathophysiology and targeted therapeutic approaches.
{"title":"A Dual-functionalized naphthalimide fluorescent probe for selective zinc detection and imaging in live prostate cancer cell","authors":"Hui Joo Kim, Min Hee Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2026.113622","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2026.113622","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Zinc (Zn<sup>2+</sup>) is a vital trace metal ions involved in various biological processes, including enzyme regulation, gene expression, and cellular signaling. In the prostate, zinc levels are exceptionally high and tightly controlled by zinc transporter proteins (ZnT and ZIP). Dysregulation of zinc homeostasis has been closely linked to prostate cancer development and progression. However, conventional techniques such as ICP–MS or ETAAS are accurate but unsuitable for real-time cellular imaging, and many existing fluorescent probes still face hurdles such as poor aqueous solubility and slow response kinetics. In this study, we strategically developed <strong>PPND</strong>, a naphthalimide-based fluorescent probe functionalized with pyridylpiperazine and dipicolylamine moieties. This unique scaffold was specifically engineered to simultaneously enhance water compatibility and facilitate rapid cellular uptake, overcoming common limitations of traditional sensors. Upon Zn<sup>2+</sup> binding, <strong>PPND</strong> exhibits a significant fluorescence shift from 470 nm to 530 nm, resulting in a sixfold enhancement with a low detection limit of 0.125 μM. <strong>PPND</strong> operates effectively across pH 4–9, exhibits 1:1 Zn<sup>2+</sup>–ligand stoichiometry, and offers excellent reversibility via EDTA treatment. Its high analytical reliability was validated through the precise quantification of Zn<sup>2+</sup> in commercial supplements. Most importantly, <strong>PPND</strong> enabled the real-time visualization of intracellular zinc fluctuations in LNCaP–LN3 prostate cancer cells, providing a robust tool for monitoring zinc depletion in a complex biological environment where such tools have remained scarce. The development of <strong>PPND</strong> offers a reliable, recyclable, and biocompatible platform, facilitating the design of next-generation theranostic probes for zinc-associated pathophysiology and targeted therapeutic approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"249 ","pages":"Article 113622"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146184777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A voltage-sensitive dye was developed and its responses to the electrical properties of liposomes, emulsions, and micelles were studied. The synthesized dye was amphiphilic fluorescent comprising dimethylaniline (electron donor) and pyridylquinoline moieties (electron acceptors) linked by triple bonds. The dye exhibited strong fluorescence solvatochromism. The response to liposomal membrane potential was found to be a 2 % change in fluorescence peak intensity per 100 mV. Moreover, the voltage sensitivity of the dye was confirmed using oil-in-water emulsion droplets stabilized with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The addition of an electrolyte (tetrapropylammonium chloride) to the dispersion changed the electrostatic potential across the SDS molecular layer covering the droplets, thereby influencing the fluorescence properties of the amphiphilic fluorophore coexisting in the surface layer. When the dye was dispersed in water by SDS micelles, the addition of the same electrolyte resulted in a fluorescence spectral behavior similar to that observed in the emulsion system, suggesting that the behavior included a response to the micellar dipole potential. The possibility of screening the voltage sensitivity of fluorophores using the electrical property of SDS micelle is discussed.
{"title":"Quinoline-based ICT fluorophore in response to micellar electrical property","authors":"Toru Oba , Minami Nakada , Satoshi Kashima , Aki Sugawara , Shota Nemoto , Makoto Roppongi , Shintaro Ichikawa , Yutaka Kodama","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2026.113623","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2026.113623","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A voltage-sensitive dye was developed and its responses to the electrical properties of liposomes, emulsions, and micelles were studied. The synthesized dye was amphiphilic fluorescent comprising dimethylaniline (electron donor) and pyridylquinoline moieties (electron acceptors) linked by triple bonds. The dye exhibited strong fluorescence solvatochromism. The response to liposomal membrane potential was found to be a 2 % change in fluorescence peak intensity per 100 mV. Moreover, the voltage sensitivity of the dye was confirmed using oil-in-water emulsion droplets stabilized with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The addition of an electrolyte (tetrapropylammonium chloride) to the dispersion changed the electrostatic potential across the SDS molecular layer covering the droplets, thereby influencing the fluorescence properties of the amphiphilic fluorophore coexisting in the surface layer. When the dye was dispersed in water by SDS micelles, the addition of the same electrolyte resulted in a fluorescence spectral behavior similar to that observed in the emulsion system, suggesting that the behavior included a response to the micellar dipole potential. The possibility of screening the voltage sensitivity of fluorophores using the electrical property of SDS micelle is discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"249 ","pages":"Article 113623"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146184855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-01-29DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2026.113624
Song Xu, Yueyin Liang, Tongtong Xu, Yue Gu, Lingling Li, Zhiyuan Meng, Zhonglong Wang, Shifa Wang
Hypochloric acid (HClO), one of the significant reactive oxygen species, acts as very important roles in many fields from daily life to industries. However, HClO can also contaminate water and food, posing risks to ecosystems and food safety. Therefore, it is imperative to develop an accurate and sensitive method for detecting HClO for elucidating its impacts on environmental and biological systems. For this purpose, a novel fluorescent probe PC based on phenothiazine and natural camphor was constructed for monitoring HClO existed in different circumstances including biology, environments, and foods. Probe PC displayed colormetric and ratiometric fluorescence response to HClO with high specificity, fast response time (less than 15s), and high sensitivity (the detection limit to HClO 35 nM). PC realized real-time imaging of HClO in plant and animal models. Collectively, this work provides a robust tool for monitoring the level of HClO in environments, foods, and biological systems.
{"title":"A novel camphor-modified phenothiazine-based colorimetric and ratiometric fluorescent probe with ultrasensitive and ultrafast response to HClO in foods and water environment","authors":"Song Xu, Yueyin Liang, Tongtong Xu, Yue Gu, Lingling Li, Zhiyuan Meng, Zhonglong Wang, Shifa Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2026.113624","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2026.113624","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hypochloric acid (HClO), one of the significant reactive oxygen species, acts as very important roles in many fields from daily life to industries. However, HClO can also contaminate water and food, posing risks to ecosystems and food safety. Therefore, it is imperative to develop an accurate and sensitive method for detecting HClO for elucidating its impacts on environmental and biological systems. For this purpose, a novel fluorescent probe <strong>PC</strong> based on phenothiazine and natural camphor was constructed for monitoring HClO existed in different circumstances including biology, environments, and foods. Probe <strong>PC</strong> displayed colormetric and ratiometric fluorescence response to HClO with high specificity, fast response time (less than 15s), and high sensitivity (the detection limit to HClO 35 nM). <strong>PC</strong> realized real-time imaging of HClO in plant and animal models. Collectively, this work provides a robust tool for monitoring the level of HClO in environments, foods, and biological systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"249 ","pages":"Article 113624"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146184783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-01-23DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2026.113607
Hao-Sen Liao , Wen-Bo Hu , Bao-Yue Wang , Dong Chen , Ruo-Tong Zhao , Jia-Hao Liu , Hai-Jun Chi , Yan-Li Lv , Zhuo Li , Bo Zhao , Xiao Li
Molecular regulation engineering plays a crucial role in the development of blue/deep-blue luminescent materials among organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Based on this, a series of blue phenanthro[9,10-d]oxazole (PO) derivatives (PO-pDPA, PO-mDPA, PO-MeDPA, PO-MeCz, and PO-DMeCz) are successfully developed based on the donor-π-acceptor type molecular framework. All materials have been demonstrated to possess hybridized local and charge-transfer (HLCT) excited-state properties through theoretical calculations and photophysical studies. Through systematic molecular structural modifications, these fluorophores achieve emissive colors tuning from blue to deep-blue emissions with the photoluminescence quantum yields of 22 %–51 % in neat film. As a result, the non-doped OLEDs based on the PO-based derivatives exhibit blue/deep-blue electroluminescence (EL) emission of 420–456 nm and obtain good device performances with the maximum external quantum efficiency of 3.14 %–5.44 %. Particularly, the PO-DMeCz-based device shows a deep-blue emission with the coordinate of (0.158, 0.061), which is the first reported deep-blue non-doped OLED based on PO derivatives. Moreover, the PO-DMeCz-hosted yellow phosphorescent OLEDs achieve the outstanding EL performances of 19.95 %, 55.67 cd A−1, and 49.93 lm W−1, respectively. This work presents valuable guidance for developing efficient deep-blue PO derivatives by molecular regulation engineering.
{"title":"Revealing molecular regulation engineering in phenanthro[9,10-d]oxazole-based hybridized local and charge transfer fluorophores towards realizing efficient blue to deep-blue non-doped OLEDs","authors":"Hao-Sen Liao , Wen-Bo Hu , Bao-Yue Wang , Dong Chen , Ruo-Tong Zhao , Jia-Hao Liu , Hai-Jun Chi , Yan-Li Lv , Zhuo Li , Bo Zhao , Xiao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2026.113607","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2026.113607","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Molecular regulation engineering plays a crucial role in the development of blue/deep-blue luminescent materials among organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Based on this, a series of blue phenanthro[9,10-<em>d</em>]oxazole (PO) derivatives (<strong>PO-pDPA</strong>, <strong>PO-mDPA</strong>, <strong>PO-MeDPA</strong>, <strong>PO-MeCz</strong>, and <strong>PO-DMeCz</strong>) are successfully developed based on the donor-π-acceptor type molecular framework. All materials have been demonstrated to possess hybridized local and charge-transfer (HLCT) excited-state properties through theoretical calculations and photophysical studies. Through systematic molecular structural modifications, these fluorophores achieve emissive colors tuning from blue to deep-blue emissions with the photoluminescence quantum yields of 22 %–51 % in neat film. As a result, the non-doped OLEDs based on the PO-based derivatives exhibit blue/deep-blue electroluminescence (EL) emission of 420–456 nm and obtain good device performances with the maximum external quantum efficiency of 3.14 %–5.44 %. Particularly, the <strong>PO-DMeCz</strong>-based device shows a deep-blue emission with the coordinate of (0.158, 0.061), which is the first reported deep-blue non-doped OLED based on PO derivatives. Moreover, the <strong>PO-DMeCz</strong>-hosted yellow phosphorescent OLEDs achieve the outstanding EL performances of 19.95 %, 55.67 cd A<sup>−1,</sup> and 49.93 lm W<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. This work presents valuable guidance for developing efficient deep-blue PO derivatives by molecular regulation engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"249 ","pages":"Article 113607"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146090408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-01-24DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2026.113606
Fuyun Sun , Lei Fang , Wei Bao , Kuanjun Fang
Reactive dye inkjet printing with advantages of cleanliness, high efficiency, and excellent image clarity is commonly used for the coloring of high-quality textiles such as proteins and cellulose. However, pretreatment before printing and washing after printing still consumes a large amount of chemicals, water, and energy. To address this issue, a novel reactive red 218 ink based on hyperbranched polyethyleneimine (PEI-R218 ink) was developed for the pretreatment-free and washing-free inkjet printing. Results showed that the PEI-R218 ink exhibited excellent jetting performance. During inkjet printing, PEI could control the migration and fixation of dye molecules on fibers through spatial effect and electrostatic interaction, achieving excellent coloring and imaging effects on untreated fabrics. The dye fixation rate exceeded 98.7 % through the synergistic effects of electrostatic attraction, covalent bonds, and hydrogen bonds. Due to pretreatment-free process and ultra-high dye fixation rate, there are low excess chemical residue on the printed fabrics, avoiding subsequent washing processes. Compared with the traditional ink, the most prominent advantage of the new ink is the excellent imaging and coloring performance, which shortens the process of inkjet printing and reduces the consumption of chemicals, water, and energy. This work has forward-looking significance for promoting a green and low-carbon economy in the printing and dyeing industry.
{"title":"Hyperbranched polyethyleneimine modified reactive dye ink for pretreatment-free and wash-free inkjet printing of cotton fabric","authors":"Fuyun Sun , Lei Fang , Wei Bao , Kuanjun Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2026.113606","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2026.113606","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reactive dye inkjet printing with advantages of cleanliness, high efficiency, and excellent image clarity is commonly used for the coloring of high-quality textiles such as proteins and cellulose. However, pretreatment before printing and washing after printing still consumes a large amount of chemicals, water, and energy. To address this issue, a novel reactive red 218 ink based on hyperbranched polyethyleneimine (PEI-R218 ink) was developed for the pretreatment-free and washing-free inkjet printing. Results showed that the PEI-R218 ink exhibited excellent jetting performance. During inkjet printing, PEI could control the migration and fixation of dye molecules on fibers through spatial effect and electrostatic interaction, achieving excellent coloring and imaging effects on untreated fabrics. The dye fixation rate exceeded 98.7 % through the synergistic effects of electrostatic attraction, covalent bonds, and hydrogen bonds. Due to pretreatment-free process and ultra-high dye fixation rate, there are low excess chemical residue on the printed fabrics, avoiding subsequent washing processes. Compared with the traditional ink, the most prominent advantage of the new ink is the excellent imaging and coloring performance, which shortens the process of inkjet printing and reduces the consumption of chemicals, water, and energy. This work has forward-looking significance for promoting a green and low-carbon economy in the printing and dyeing industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"249 ","pages":"Article 113606"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146090406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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