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Gender Budgeting: A Contextual Analysis of the Higher-Education Sector in Albania 将性别观点纳入预算编制:阿尔巴尼亚高等教育部门的背景分析
IF 3 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2024-08-17 DOI: 10.3390/admsci14080180
Brunilda Llaftiu, Ingrid Shuli
In this study, we chose to conduct a gender-based contextual analysis of research-performing organizations (RPOs) in the higher-education sector in Albania as a first step toward the implementation of gender budgeting (GB). Our rationale for conducting such a contextual analysis is the overarching need to achieve the European Commission’s strategic objectives regarding gender equality in research and innovation. To carry out this analysis, we used reports from She Figures to calculate dominant gender indicators; these reports were produced in collaboration with the statistics published by the Institute of Statistics of Albania. Our methodology is based on a mixed-methods approach that aims to better our understanding of the situation in Albania. The quantitative findings provided by our contextual analysis within academia were synthesized with qualitative findings resulting from a comparative analysis of the content of gender equality plans (GEPs) currently being implemented by thirteen universities in Albania. The results of our contextual analysis study show that even though women account for more than half of the total population of researchers at the national level, playing a significant role in research and innovation, we recommend that the government develop its first national GEP to counteract the inequality that persists in the career trajectories of women and men. GB represents an effective strategy for reducing gender inequality in this context. The supporting results of the content analysis indicate that the phenomenon of vertical segregation has been identified in the great majority of RPOs that have carried out gender-based contextual analyses; moreover, we observed the interaction of GB with GEPs within three such organizations’ approach to the gender-based allocation of finances.
在本研究中,我们选择对阿尔巴尼亚高等教育领域的研究执行组织(RPOs)进行基于性别的背景分析,作为实施性别预算(GB)的第一步。我们进行这种背景分析的理由是,实现欧盟委员会关于研究与创新中性别平等的战略目标是我们的首要任务。为了进行这项分析,我们使用了 "她数字 "的报告来计算主要的性别指标;这些报告是与阿尔巴 尼亚统计研究所发布的统计数据合作编写的。我们的方法以混合方法为基础,旨在更好地了解阿尔巴尼亚的情况。通过对阿尔巴尼亚 13 所大学目前正在实施的性别平等计划(GEP)的内容进行比较分析,我们将学术界背景分析得出的定量结果与定性结果进行了综合。我们的背景分析研究结果表明,尽管女性占全国研究人员总数的一半以上,并在研究和创新中 发挥着重要作用,但我们仍建议政府制定首个国家性别平等计划,以消除男女职业发展中持续存在 的不平等现象。在这种情况下,国标是减少性别不平等的有效战略。内容分析的支持性结果表明,在绝大多数进行了基于性别的背景分析的研究与专业组织中,都发现了纵向隔离现象;此外,我们还观察到,在三个此类组织基于性别的资金分配方法中,性别平等标准与性别平等计划相互作用。
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引用次数: 0
Conceptual Framework for Unlocking Customer Satisfaction Drivers in Digital Vendor-Managed Inventory Systems 揭示数字供应商管理库存系统中客户满意度驱动因素的概念框架
IF 3 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2024-08-16 DOI: 10.3390/admsci14080179
Aihie Osarenkhoe, Daniella Fjellström, Tove Gioeli, Anna Backer-Meurke
There are calls in the extant literature for further exploration into the factors influencing customer satisfaction in industrial vending solutions (IVS), a distinct vendor-managed inventory method. This study delves into these factors, identifying primary drivers of satisfaction, perceptions of service quality, and indicators of trust and commitment in B2B IVS. It examines how IVS execution impacts perceived service quality through in-depth semi-structured interviews with B2B customers, focusing on efficiency, user-friendliness, and timeliness as key satisfaction drivers. Trust in the customer–supplier relationship positively affects commitment to the supplier. Successful IVS implementation enhances inventory control, customer service, and cost management. Supply chain managers can use these insights to evaluate vending solutions. Future research could explore supplier perceptions of vendor-managed inventory (VMI) success and conduct larger quantitative studies. This study distinguishes itself by focusing on the primary drivers of customer satisfaction and the perception of service quality in B2B IVS environments. It offers a conceptual framework for managing customer satisfaction, product development, and marketing strategies in IVS, addressing a gap in the literature on IVS within VMI contexts.
现有文献呼吁进一步探讨影响工业自动售货机解决方案(IVS)客户满意度的因素,这是一种独特的供应商管理库存方法。本研究深入探讨了这些因素,确定了 B2B IVS 满意度的主要驱动因素、服务质量感知以及信任和承诺指标。通过对 B2B 客户进行深入的半结构式访谈,研究了 IVS 的执行如何影响服务质量感知,重点关注效率、用户友好性和及时性这些关键的满意度驱动因素。客户与供应商关系中的信任会对供应商的承诺产生积极影响。成功实施 IVS 系统可以加强库存控制、客户服务和成本管理。供应链经理可以利用这些见解来评估自动售货机解决方案。未来的研究可以探索供应商对供应商管理库存(VMI)成功的看法,并开展更大规模的定量研究。本研究与众不同之处在于,它侧重于 B2B IVS 环境中客户满意度和服务质量感知的主要驱动因素。它为在 IVS 中管理客户满意度、产品开发和营销策略提供了一个概念框架,填补了 VMI 环境下 IVS 文献的空白。
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引用次数: 0
Linking Psychological Capital to Organizational Commitment: The Moderating Role of Perceived Aversive Leadership of Employees in Angola 将心理资本与组织承诺联系起来:安哥拉员工感知到的消极领导的调节作用
IF 3 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2024-08-15 DOI: 10.3390/admsci14080177
Rosa Lutete Geremias, Miguel Pereira Lopes, Ana Maria Sotomayor
Organizational commitment is an indicator of organizational performance, regarding the attainment of competitive advantages. Knowing the factors that promote or inhibit organizational commitment fills a gap in the literature in the area of aversive leadership in Angola and reinforces the role of managers in promoting employees’ organizational commitment. This study aimed to analyze the moderating role of perceived aversive leadership in the relationship between psychological capital and organizational commitment. Although recent studies have indicated the negative effects of aversive leadership on organizational outcomes, the role of perceived aversive leadership on employees’ organizational commitment has not been tested. To this end, we applied a self-report questionnaire from 335 employees from different sectors of activity in Angola to examine this relationship. To analyze the results of the study, we used structural equation modeling. The results showed that the relevance of psychological capital in organizational commitment is highlighted when perceived aversive leadership is low. On the other hand, when perceived aversive leadership is high, employees will exhibit lower levels of organizational commitment. This study may influence the adoption of more sophisticated leadership selection techniques, based on behavioral and situational interviews, to ensure that professionals with aversive behaviors cannot hold positions of responsibility.
组织承诺是组织绩效的一个指标,关系到竞争优势的实现。了解促进或抑制组织承诺的因素,填补了安哥拉在厌恶型领导方面的文献空白,并强化了管理者在促进员工组织承诺方面的作用。本研究旨在分析感知厌恶型领导对心理资本与组织承诺之间关系的调节作用。尽管最近的研究表明厌恶型领导对组织结果有负面影响,但感知厌恶型领导对员工组织承诺的作用尚未得到检验。为此,我们对安哥拉不同行业的 335 名员工进行了自我报告问卷调查,以检验这种关系。为了分析研究结果,我们使用了结构方程模型。结果表明,当感知厌恶型领导程度较低时,心理资本与组织承诺的相关性就会凸显出来。另一方面,当感知厌恶型领导程度较高时,员工会表现出较低的组织承诺水平。这项研究可能会影响采用基于行为和情境访谈的更复杂的领导力甄选技术,以确保具有厌恶行为的专业人员不能担任负责任的职位。
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引用次数: 0
The Importance of International Volunteering for the Tourist Destination Image: Case Study in Barcelos (Portugal) 国际志愿服务对旅游目的地形象的重要性:巴塞罗斯(葡萄牙)案例研究
IF 3 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2024-08-15 DOI: 10.3390/admsci14080178
Ricardo Pacheco Coutinho, Bruno Barbosa Sousa, Vasco Ribeiro Santos
This research investigates the significant role of international volunteering, particularly through the European Solidarity Corps (ESC), in shaping the image of Barcelos as a tourist destination. The study specifically examines various volunteer programs in Barcelos, such as construction projects, teaching, and agricultural assistance. It focuses on the volunteers’ perceptions and motivations and on the impact of their experiences on the city’s touristic recognition. Using a mixed-methods approach, this research analyzes responses from electronic surveys with 92 former ESC volunteers and interviews with four local organizations that host these participants. The findings reveal that international volunteering through specific programs enhances Barcelos’ image as a welcoming, culturally rich, and civically engaged tourist destination. This research highlights the importance of integrating such initiatives into the city’s tourism management strategy, suggesting that such efforts can significantly enrich the tourist experience and the overall image of the destination. Furthermore, the study identifies areas for future research, including the need for a more in-depth analysis of the long-term impact of these volunteering activities on the local economy and cultural sustainability. The limitations of the study, such as the use of a convenience sample and the reliance on self-reported data, which may influence the results and their generalizability, are also discussed. In conclusion, this work provides valuable insights for tourism managers and policymakers, demonstrating how international volunteering can be a strategic component in enhancing the image of tourist destinations. Through careful and strategic management, Barcelos can continue to develop and promote its identity as a destination for solidarity tourism and cultural vibrancy.
本研究探讨了国际志愿服务,特别是通过欧洲团结队(ESC)开展的志愿服务在塑造巴 塞洛斯旅游目的地形象方面的重要作用。研究特别考察了巴塞罗斯的各种志愿服务项目,如建筑项目、教学和农业援助。研究的重点是志愿者的看法和动机,以及他们的经历对城市旅游知名度的影响。本研究采用混合方法,分析了对 92 名前 ESC 志愿者进行的电子调查以及对接待这些参与者的四个当地组织进行的访谈。研究结果表明,通过特定项目开展的国际志愿服务提升了巴塞罗斯作为一个热情好客、文化丰富、公民参与度高的旅游目的地的形象。这项研究强调了将此类活动纳入城市旅游管理战略的重要性,表明此类活动可以极大地丰富游客的旅游体验,提升旅游目的地的整体形象。此外,研究还指出了未来研究的领域,包括需要更深入地分析这些志愿服务活动对当地经济和文化可持续性的长期影响。此外,还讨论了研究的局限性,如使用便利样本和依赖自我报告数据,这可能会影响研究结果及其可推广性。总之,这项研究为旅游管理者和政策制定者提供了宝贵的见解,展示了国际志愿服务如何成为提升旅游目的地形象的战略组成部分。通过谨慎的战略管理,巴塞罗斯可以继续发展和推广其作为团结旅游和文化活力目的地的身份。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of Motivation on the Behavioral Intention to Protect Industrial Techniques of High-Tech Firms’ Employees 动机对高科技企业员工保护工业技术行为意向的影响
IF 3 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2024-08-14 DOI: 10.3390/admsci14080176
Sangwoo Lee, Boyoung Kim, Ureta Vaquero Ivan
This study defines the intrinsic and extrinsic motivational factors that influence the prevention of industrial technology leakage by high-tech company employees. It also investigates how these factors affect the employees’ intention to prevent leakage. Based on the TPB (theory of planned behavior), this study analyzes the relationship between “attitude toward behavior”, “subjective norm”, and “perceived behavioral control”, which in turn influences the behavioral intention to prevent such leakage. Specifically, an online survey was conducted among office workers in South Korea’s high-tech industry. A total of 200 questionnaires were collected and analyzed. As the analysis results show, intrinsic motivation has a positive effect on attitude toward behavior, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. Extrinsic motivation has a positive effect on subjective norms and perceived behavioral control but a negative effect on attitudes toward behavior. This study also proved, based on the TPB, that the three variables impact the behavioral intention to prevent technology leakage. These results confirm that, in the high-tech sector, where employees are highly specialized and autonomous, technical security behaviors are primarily influenced by individual professional ethics and judgment rather than by organizational regulation or extrinsic motivation.
本研究界定了影响高科技公司员工防止工业技术泄漏的内在和外在激励因素。本研究还探讨了这些因素如何影响员工的防泄漏意向。本研究以 TPB(计划行为理论)为基础,分析了 "行为态度"、"主观规范 "和 "感知行为控制 "之间的关系,这些因素反过来又影响了防止泄漏的行为意向。具体而言,我们对韩国高科技行业的上班族进行了在线调查。共收集并分析了 200 份问卷。分析结果显示,内在动机对行为态度、主观规范和感知行为控制有积极影响。外在动机对主观规范和感知行为控制有积极影响,但对行为态度有消极影响。本研究还根据 TPB 证明了这三个变量对防止技术泄密行为意向的影响。这些结果证实,在员工高度专业化和自主化的高科技领域,技术安全行为主要受个人职业道德和判断的影响,而不是受组织规范或外在动机的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Sustainable Fashion Choices: Exploring European Consumer Motivations behind Second-Hand Clothing Purchases 可持续时尚选择:探索欧洲消费者购买二手服装的动机
IF 3 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2024-08-12 DOI: 10.3390/admsci14080174
Daniel Halicki, Piotr Zaborek, Grégoire Meylan
The second-hand clothing (SHC) market has seen dynamic expansion, driven by shifts in consumer attitudes. However, motivations underlying customer engagement in this market remain largely unexplored. Accordingly, this study investigates factors driving consumer sentiment towards buying used clothing. Data were collected in 2023 from a sample of 254 European consumers. The results show that positive attitudes towards SHC are associated with high levels of economic, hedonic (treasure hunting) and ethical motivations, while strong fashion interest and materialism seem to coincide with more negative evaluations of SHC. Interestingly, treasure hunting motivation emerged as the strongest driver of SHC attitudes, surpassing both economic and ethical motivations, which were similar in strength. However, mediation analysis revealed complex interaction patterns among the attitudinal variables, with the potential of reversing the direction of average regression weights for individuals as well as subgroups of customers. This study offers a more nuanced understanding of consumer behavior in the SHC market. It provides practical recommendations for the marketing strategies of SHC vendors, and lays the groundwork for future research in this area.
在消费观念转变的推动下,二手服装(SHC)市场蓬勃发展。然而,顾客参与这一市场的动机在很大程度上仍未得到探究。因此,本研究调查了驱动消费者购买二手服装情绪的因素。本研究于 2023 年收集了 254 位欧洲消费者的样本数据。研究结果表明,消费者对旧衣服的积极态度与高水平的经济、享乐(寻宝)和道德动机有关,而强烈的时尚兴趣和物质主义似乎与对旧衣服的负面评价相吻合。有趣的是,"寻宝 "动机是影响人们对小家电态度的最强驱动力,超过了经济动机和道德动机,而经济动机和道德动机的强度相近。然而,中介分析揭示了态度变量之间复杂的互动模式,有可能扭转个人和客户子群的平均回归权重方向。这项研究让我们对特困户市场的消费行为有了更细致的了解。它为特困户供应商的营销策略提供了实用建议,并为该领域的未来研究奠定了基础。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Investment in Boosting South Africa’s Economic Growth: A Comparative Analysis across Different Administrations 评估投资在促进南非经济增长方面的效果:不同政府间的比较分析
IF 3 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2024-08-12 DOI: 10.3390/admsci14080173
Dikeledi Semenya, Kanayo Ogujiuba
South Africa’s economic growth has been slow since the 1980s due to inefficiencies in the manufacturing, mining and quarrying, ICT, electricity, gas, and water sectors. This article uses the theoretical framework and growth rates to identify key reasons for this slowdown. Key issues include inefficiencies within the gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) and inadequate infrastructure, primarily due to government behavior. This article used secondary data to perform the desktop analysis. To promote economic growth, the South African government and allied stakeholders should consider increasing investments in public infrastructure and financing research and development. This article argues that economic growth is driven by government expenditure, easy access to financing, and technological advancements. To promote economic growth, a comprehensive approach is needed, including tax breaks, loan guarantees, and pro-business legislation.
自 20 世纪 80 年代以来,由于制造业、采矿和采石业、信息和通信技术、电力、天然气和供水部门效率低下,南非的经济增长一直缓慢。本文利用理论框架和增长率来找出经济增长放缓的主要原因。主要问题包括固定资本形成总额(GFCF)效率低下和基础设施不足,这主要是由于政府行为造成的。本文利用二手数据进行了桌面分析。为促进经济增长,南非政府及相关利益方应考虑增加对公共基础设施的投资,并为研发提供资金。本文认为,经济增长的动力来自于政府支出、便捷的融资渠道和技术进步。为促进经济增长,需要采取综合措施,包括税收减免、贷款担保和亲商立法。
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引用次数: 0
Implementing Key Performance Indicators and Designing Dashboard Solutions in an Automotive Components Company: A Case Study 在一家汽车零部件公司实施关键绩效指标和设计仪表板解决方案:案例研究
IF 3 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2024-08-12 DOI: 10.3390/admsci14080175
Francisco Nunes, Edgar Alexandre, Pedro Dinis Gaspar
In the context of highly competitive markets, organizations face dynamic challenges, requiring effective solutions to maintain and enhance their competitive standing. Performance measurement, supported by advanced information systems, is critical for organizational improvement. This study involves the implementation of key performance indicators (KPIs) within an automotive components company. Insights from employees across various departments were gathered for the development and deployment of 22 new KPIs across the Purchasing, Sales, Logistics, Quality, Human Resources, Occupational Health and Safety, Research and Development, and Finance departments of the company. The new indicators implemented were applied to all the group’s companies and standardized throughout the companies’ group. As a result, the implementation of new indicators and the consultation of graphs and visual elements present in the dashboards developed using Power BI enabled senior managers to make detailed and precise analyses, which led to faster and more considered decisions. It also enabled senior managers to make comparisons between the results of the group’s different companies by looking at dynamic, interactive graphs. The methodologies and tools discussed (KPIs and dashboards) have broader applications across different industries, highlighting the relevance and versatility of KPIs and dashboards in organizational performance management.
在市场竞争激烈的背景下,组织面临着不断变化的挑战,需要有效的解决方案来保持和提高其竞争地位。在先进信息系统的支持下,绩效衡量对组织改进至关重要。本研究涉及在一家汽车零部件公司内实施关键绩效指标(KPI)。通过收集各部门员工的意见,为公司的采购、销售、物流、质量、人力资源、职业健康与安全、研发和财务部门制定和部署了 22 项新的关键绩效指标。实施的新指标适用于集团的所有公司,并在整个集团公司内实现标准化。因此,新指标的实施以及对使用 Power BI 开发的仪表盘中的图表和可视化元素的咨询,使高级管理人员能够进行详细而精确的分析,从而更快、更周全地做出决策。高级管理人员还可以通过查看动态互动图表,对集团不同公司的结果进行比较。所讨论的方法和工具(关键绩效指标和仪表盘)在不同行业都有更广泛的应用,突出了关键绩效指标和仪表盘在组织绩效管理中的相关性和多功能性。
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引用次数: 0
Creative Tourism: Two Decades of Conceptual Evolution and Characterization 创意旅游:二十年的概念演变和特征描述
IF 3 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.3390/admsci14080172
Soufiane Benhaida, Larbi Safaa, Dalia Perkumienė, Gintautas Labanauskas
The concept of “creative tourism”, emerging at the century’s start, responds to the “creative turn” in tourist destinations, aligning with the evolving creative class, clusters, and cities. This study employs a bibliometric analysis to examine the evolution and academic focus on creative tourism over the past two decades. Using databases like Scopus and Web of Science, we analyzed key trends, thematic developments, and the impact of creative industries on tourism. Our study reveals significant growth in creative tourism research, emphasizing creativity’s role in enhancing tourism experiences and formulating sustainable, culturally rich models. It underscores the importance of integrating creative industries into tourism and the positive impact on local economies and community development. This analysis not only maps the academic trajectory of creative tourism but also highlights its practical implications for future tourism management and sustainable community development.
"创意旅游 "这一概念在本世纪初兴起,它响应了旅游目的地的 "创意转向",与不断发展的创意阶层、集群和城市相一致。本研究采用文献计量学分析方法,研究过去二十年创意旅游的演变和学术焦点。利用 Scopus 和 Web of Science 等数据库,我们分析了创意产业的主要趋势、主题发展和对旅游业的影响。我们的研究揭示了创意旅游研究的显著增长,强调了创意在提升旅游体验和制定可持续的、文化丰富的模式方面的作用。它强调了将创意产业融入旅游业的重要性,以及对当地经济和社区发展的积极影响。这项分析不仅描绘了创意旅游的学术轨迹,还强调了其对未来旅游管理和可持续社区发展的实际意义。
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引用次数: 0
Competing in Innovation-Intensive Environments: The Role of Soft Power, Learning, and CEO Heuristics 在创新密集型环境中竞争:软实力、学习和首席执行官启发法的作用
IF 3 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2024-08-07 DOI: 10.3390/admsci14080169
Cristina O. Vlas, Bruno Barreto de Góes, Radu E. Vlas, Eugene See
We start by exploring how the interplay of soft power and learning levers helps firms address competitive uncertainty in innovation-intensive environments (IIEs). We then theorize that firms’ motivation to pursue a specific combination of soft power and learning tactics in IIEs is shaped by CEO regulatory focus. The analysis of a panel of IIE firms supports our theorizing and reveals that accounting for CEO regulatory focus is elemental to the understanding of firms’ performance heterogeneity in such environments. We conclude that a perspective focused on a combination of soft power and learning tactics is better fitted to explain firms’ performance in environments plagued by extreme uncertainty compared to traditional theoretical lenses. Our main contribution is to the study of performance in innovation-intensive environments.
我们首先探讨了软实力和学习杠杆的相互作用如何帮助企业应对创新密集型环境(IIEs)中的竞争不确定性。然后,我们从理论上认为,企业在创新密集型环境中追求软实力和学习策略特定组合的动机是由首席执行官的监管重点决定的。对 IIE 企业的面板分析支持了我们的理论,并揭示了 CEO 的监管重点对于理解企业在此类环境中的绩效异质性至关重要。我们的结论是,与传统的理论视角相比,侧重于软实力和学习策略相结合的视角更适合解释企业在极端不确定性环境中的绩效。我们的主要贡献在于对创新密集型环境中绩效的研究。
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引用次数: 0
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