Pub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117295
Meng Luo , Meichen Liu , Shengwei Zhang , Jing Gao , Xiaojing Zhang , Ruishen Li , Xi Lin , Shuai Wang
Soil heavy metal pollution in mining areas poses severe challenges to the ecological environment. In recent years, machine learning has been widely used in heavy metal inversion by hyperspectral data. However, deterministic algorithms and probabilistic algorithms may confront local optimal solutions in practical applications. The local optimal solution is not the optimal value obtained within the entire defined interval, and as a result will affect the reliability of these approaches. This paper proposes a Levy Flight Cauchy Gaussian perturbation Sparrow Search algorithm Support Vector Regression (LSSA-SVR) soil heavy metal content prediction model. It introduces Levy Flight (LF) measurement and Cauchy Gaussian perturbation based on the Sparrow search algorithm. The LSSA-SVR model was shown to increase the breadth of solutions searched, avoiding the local optimal solution problem. When applied to mining soil heavy metal experiments, we found that the LSSA-SVR model gave a good fit for the elements Cu, Zn, As, and Pb. The correlation coefficients between the predicted results and the actual results of the four elements were all above 0.94. The heavy metal predicted results of LSSA-SVR have a small error margin in both the overall distribution and in individual differences. This study provides an efficient and accurate monitoring method for mining soil heavy metal inversion. It also provides strong support for environmental management and soil remediation.
{"title":"Mining soil heavy metal inversion based on Levy Flight Cauchy Gaussian perturbation sparrow search algorithm support vector regression (LSSA-SVR)","authors":"Meng Luo , Meichen Liu , Shengwei Zhang , Jing Gao , Xiaojing Zhang , Ruishen Li , Xi Lin , Shuai Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117295","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117295","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil heavy metal pollution in mining areas poses severe challenges to the ecological environment. In recent years, machine learning has been widely used in heavy metal inversion by hyperspectral data. However, deterministic algorithms and probabilistic algorithms may confront local optimal solutions in practical applications. The local optimal solution is not the optimal value obtained within the entire defined interval, and as a result will affect the reliability of these approaches. This paper proposes a Levy Flight Cauchy Gaussian perturbation Sparrow Search algorithm Support Vector Regression (LSSA-SVR) soil heavy metal content prediction model. It introduces Levy Flight (LF) measurement and Cauchy Gaussian perturbation based on the Sparrow search algorithm. The LSSA-SVR model was shown to increase the breadth of solutions searched, avoiding the local optimal solution problem. When applied to mining soil heavy metal experiments, we found that the LSSA-SVR model gave a good fit for the elements Cu, Zn, As, and Pb. The correlation coefficients between the predicted results and the actual results of the four elements were all above 0.94. The heavy metal predicted results of LSSA-SVR have a small error margin in both the overall distribution and in individual differences. This study provides an efficient and accurate monitoring method for mining soil heavy metal inversion. It also provides strong support for environmental management and soil remediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 117295"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142610862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117229
Na Li , Zhaokang Cui , Qinyuan He , Qian Gao , Shaochen Sun , Bo Xiong , Yilong Miao
Sodium metabisulfite (SMB) is commonly utilized in food to preserve freshness by acting as an antioxidant and antimicrobial agent. However, when SMB interacts with water in biological systems, it produces harmful byproducts such as sulfite and sulfur dioxide. These byproducts induce cellular stress and programmed cell death, known as apoptosis, by triggering excessive production of reactive oxygen species. Our study demonstrates that supplementation with nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) effectively mitigates the damage caused by SMB to porcine oocytes during their cultivation in laboratory conditions. NMN supplementation not only preserves the oocytes' ability to undergo meiosis with intact spindle and chromosome structures but also enhances their capacity for fertilization by promoting the activity of cortical granule component protease. The protective effects of NMN on porcine oocytes exposed to SMB involve the restoration of mitochondrial function and the reduction of accumulated reactive oxygen species, leading to inhibition of apoptosis. These findings suggest that excessive SMB will impair mitochondrial function in porcine oocytes, which in turn causes oxidative stress and apoptosis, and impedes maturation of porcine oocytes and development of post-fertilised embryos, and that supplementation with NMN is a promising strategy to protect oocytes from the deleterious effects of SMB exposure.
{"title":"Protective role of nicotinamide mononucleotide in porcine oocyte maturation and fertilization against sodium metabisulfite-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis","authors":"Na Li , Zhaokang Cui , Qinyuan He , Qian Gao , Shaochen Sun , Bo Xiong , Yilong Miao","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117229","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117229","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sodium metabisulfite (SMB) is commonly utilized in food to preserve freshness by acting as an antioxidant and antimicrobial agent. However, when SMB interacts with water in biological systems, it produces harmful byproducts such as sulfite and sulfur dioxide. These byproducts induce cellular stress and programmed cell death, known as apoptosis, by triggering excessive production of reactive oxygen species. Our study demonstrates that supplementation with nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) effectively mitigates the damage caused by SMB to porcine oocytes during their cultivation in laboratory conditions. NMN supplementation not only preserves the oocytes' ability to undergo meiosis with intact spindle and chromosome structures but also enhances their capacity for fertilization by promoting the activity of cortical granule component protease. The protective effects of NMN on porcine oocytes exposed to SMB involve the restoration of mitochondrial function and the reduction of accumulated reactive oxygen species, leading to inhibition of apoptosis. These findings suggest that excessive SMB will impair mitochondrial function in porcine oocytes, which in turn causes oxidative stress and apoptosis, and impedes maturation of porcine oocytes and development of post-fertilised embryos, and that supplementation with NMN is a promising strategy to protect oocytes from the deleterious effects of SMB exposure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 117229"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142610867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117288
Min Yan , Qiyi Li , Zhuo Tian , Qilu He , Yueyue Xu , Xiang Liu , Qiang Chen , Yunfu Gu , Likou Zou , Ke Zhao , Quanju Xiang , Menggen Ma , Xiumei Yu
Cadmium contamination poses a significant risk to soil ecosystems in certain parts of the world. Using eco-friendly fertilizers alongside beneficial microorganisms offers a viable solution to mitigate Cd pollution in agricultural soil. This study used an outdoor experiment to evaluate the impact of administering a Cd-immobilizing bacterial (Bacillus) inoculant with two biologically-enriched organic fertilizers (either fermentative edible fungi residue or fermented cow dung) on wheat plants and associated microbial populations in a field contaminated with Cd. The mixed application of fermentative cow dung with the Cd-immobilizing bacterium reduced the effective Cd content of wheat root-soil by 13,0 %. Application of Cd-immobilizing Bacillus inoculant reduced the Cd enrichment of wheat roots by 0.07 mg/kg. Co-application of fermentative cow dung with the bacterial inoculant reduced the Cd enrichment of wheat seeds by 20,0 %. Co-application of the two organic fertilizers could improve some of the nutrients related to wheat and soil fertility; however, the diversity of the soil microbial community changed less and its species richness decreased. Applying the Bacillus inoculant inhibited the growth of native pathogenic bacteria, such as Proteobacteria. Whether administering it with either fermented cow manure or fermented edible fungus residue, the relative abundance of nitrate-reducing bacteria such as Rhodobacter increased, which should promote the soil nitrogen cycle. The main factors influencing soil microbial community structure of wheat plants were pH, available potassium, and available Cd content. Symbiotic network analysis revealed bacterial inoculant and organic fertilizer inoculum further altering the ecological relationships of microbial communities. According to the FAPROTAX functional prediction, Rhodanobacter may play a key role in nitrate respiration in the soil nitrogen cycle. In conclusion, this study provides a comprehensive, timely reference for understanding microbial changes caused by the combined application of this type of bacterial inoculant and organic soil amendments in Cd-contaminated fields.
{"title":"Co-application of cadmium-immobilizing bacteria and organic fertilizers alter the wheat root soil chemistry and microbial communities","authors":"Min Yan , Qiyi Li , Zhuo Tian , Qilu He , Yueyue Xu , Xiang Liu , Qiang Chen , Yunfu Gu , Likou Zou , Ke Zhao , Quanju Xiang , Menggen Ma , Xiumei Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117288","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117288","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cadmium contamination poses a significant risk to soil ecosystems in certain parts of the world. Using eco-friendly fertilizers alongside beneficial microorganisms offers a viable solution to mitigate Cd pollution in agricultural soil. This study used an outdoor experiment to evaluate the impact of administering a Cd-immobilizing bacterial (<em>Bacillus</em>) inoculant with two biologically-enriched organic fertilizers (either fermentative edible fungi residue or fermented cow dung) on wheat plants and associated microbial populations in a field contaminated with Cd. The mixed application of fermentative cow dung with the Cd-immobilizing bacterium reduced the effective Cd content of wheat root-soil by 13,0 %. Application of Cd-immobilizing <em>Bacillus</em> inoculant reduced the Cd enrichment of wheat roots by 0.07 mg/kg. Co-application of fermentative cow dung with the bacterial inoculant reduced the Cd enrichment of wheat seeds by 20,0 %. Co-application of the two organic fertilizers could improve some of the nutrients related to wheat and soil fertility; however, the diversity of the soil microbial community changed less and its species richness decreased. Applying the <em>Bacillus</em> inoculant inhibited the growth of native pathogenic bacteria, such as <em>Proteobacteria</em>. Whether administering it with either fermented cow manure or fermented edible fungus residue, the relative abundance of nitrate-reducing bacteria such as <em>Rhodobacter</em> increased, which should promote the soil nitrogen cycle. The main factors influencing soil microbial community structure of wheat plants were pH, available potassium, and available Cd content. Symbiotic network analysis revealed bacterial inoculant and organic fertilizer inoculum further altering the ecological relationships of microbial communities. According to the FAPROTAX functional prediction, <em>Rhodanobacter</em> may play a key role in nitrate respiration in the soil nitrogen cycle. In conclusion, this study provides a comprehensive, timely reference for understanding microbial changes caused by the combined application of this type of bacterial inoculant and organic soil amendments in Cd-contaminated fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 117288"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142610742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117292
Weiming Hou , Zhenyao Song
Background
The rising incidence of environmental pollution has heightened concerns regarding the impact of pollutant variations on public health.
Methods
Time series analysis models and BP neural network models were utilized to investigate both univariate and multivariate predictions of HIV/AIDS cases. To evaluate the combined effects of pollutants on HIV/AIDS cases, we employed weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, a quantile-based g-computation approach (Qgcomp) and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR). Additionally, sensitivity analyses were conducted to further validate our findings.
Results
The incidence and mortality rates of HIV/AIDS in Beijing have demonstrated an upward trend, primarily affecting individuals aged 20–35 years, who account for approximately 63.95 % of cases. In the univariate prediction, the parameters that yielded strong predictive performance for the incidence model were as follows: Holt-Winters: α=0.13, β=0.09, γ=0.34. For the mortality model, the parameters indicating good predictive performance were derived from the SARIMA model: (0,1,3) (0,1,2) [12]. The BP neural network model also exhibited robust predictive performance across various configurations of hidden layers (error ∈ [0.096, 1.324]). The WQS model indicated that only NO2 had a significant effect, with an overall risk effect of the five mixed air pollutants on HIV/AIDS incidence represented as βWQS (95 %CI) = 0.10 (0.02, 0.18). Meanwhile, the Qgcomp model revealed that NO2 and AQI have hazardous effects on disease incidence, with weights of 0.514 and 0.486, respectively. Additionally, SO2 was found to have a harmful effect on disease mortality. In the Qgcomp index and BKMR model, the weights of PM10 and PM2.5 were predominant in the positive weights.
Conclusions
Various time series and neural network models effectively predict the incidence and mortality rates of HIV/AIDS. Additionally, multiple mixed exposure analyses provide further evidence of significant associations between exposure to air pollution mixtures and HIV/AIDS incidence and mortality rates, with PM2.5 and PM10 being the primary drivers.
{"title":"Exploring the risk and predictive study of outdoor air pollutants on the incidence and mortality of HIV/AIDS","authors":"Weiming Hou , Zhenyao Song","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117292","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117292","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The rising incidence of environmental pollution has heightened concerns regarding the impact of pollutant variations on public health.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Time series analysis models and BP neural network models were utilized to investigate both univariate and multivariate predictions of HIV/AIDS cases. To evaluate the combined effects of pollutants on HIV/AIDS cases, we employed weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, a quantile-based g-computation approach (Qgcomp) and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR). Additionally, sensitivity analyses were conducted to further validate our findings.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The incidence and mortality rates of HIV/AIDS in Beijing have demonstrated an upward trend, primarily affecting individuals aged 20–35 years, who account for approximately 63.95 % of cases. In the univariate prediction, the parameters that yielded strong predictive performance for the incidence model were as follows: Holt-Winters: α=0.13, β=0.09, γ=0.34. For the mortality model, the parameters indicating good predictive performance were derived from the SARIMA model: (0,1,3) (0,1,2) [12]. The BP neural network model also exhibited robust predictive performance across various configurations of hidden layers (error ∈ [0.096, 1.324]). The WQS model indicated that only NO<sub>2</sub> had a significant effect, with an overall risk effect of the five mixed air pollutants on HIV/AIDS incidence represented as βWQS (95 %CI) = 0.10 (0.02, 0.18). Meanwhile, the Qgcomp model revealed that NO<sub>2</sub> and AQI have hazardous effects on disease incidence, with weights of 0.514 and 0.486, respectively. Additionally, SO<sub>2</sub> was found to have a harmful effect on disease mortality. In the Qgcomp index and BKMR model, the weights of PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> were predominant in the positive weights.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Various time series and neural network models effectively predict the incidence and mortality rates of HIV/AIDS. Additionally, multiple mixed exposure analyses provide further evidence of significant associations between exposure to air pollution mixtures and HIV/AIDS incidence and mortality rates, with PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub> being the primary drivers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 117292"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142610852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117287
Lei Zhang , Yuanyuan Chen , Hang Dong , Di Wu , Sili Chen , Xin Li , Boheng Liang , Qiaoyuan Yang
Effectively capturing the risk of air pollution and informing residents is vital to public health. The widely used Air Quality Index (AQI) has been criticized for failing to accurately represent the non-threshold linear relationship between air pollution and health outcomes. Although the Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) was developed to address these limitations, it lacks comprehensive construction criteria. This work proposed a novel construction and prediction strategy of AQHI using machine learning methods. Our RF-Alasso-QGC method integrated Random Forest (RF), Adaptive Lasso (Alasso), and Quantile-based G-Computation (QGC) for effective pollutant selection and AQHI construction. The RF-Alasso method excluded CO, while identified PM10, PM2.5, NO2, SO2, and O3 as major contributors to mortality. The QGC method controlled the additive and synergistic effects among these air pollutants. Compared to the Standard-AQHI, the new RF-Alasso-QGC-AQHI demonstrated a stronger correlation with health outcomes, with an interquartile (IQR) increase associated with a 1.80 % (1.44 %, 2.17 %) increase in total mortality, and the best goodness of fit. Additionally, the hybrid Auto Regressive Moving Average-Long Short Term Memory (ARIMA-LSTM) successfully forecast the new AQHI, achieving a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.961. The work demonstrated that the improved AQHI construction and prediction strategy more efficiently communicate and provide early warnings of the health risks of multiple air pollutants.
{"title":"Improving the construction and prediction strategy of the Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) using machine learning: A case study in Guangzhou, China","authors":"Lei Zhang , Yuanyuan Chen , Hang Dong , Di Wu , Sili Chen , Xin Li , Boheng Liang , Qiaoyuan Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117287","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117287","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Effectively capturing the risk of air pollution and informing residents is vital to public health. The widely used Air Quality Index (AQI) has been criticized for failing to accurately represent the non-threshold linear relationship between air pollution and health outcomes. Although the Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) was developed to address these limitations, it lacks comprehensive construction criteria. This work proposed a novel construction and prediction strategy of AQHI using machine learning methods. Our RF-Alasso-QGC method integrated Random Forest (RF), Adaptive Lasso (Alasso), and Quantile-based G-Computation (QGC) for effective pollutant selection and AQHI construction. The RF-Alasso method excluded CO, while identified PM<sub>10</sub>, PM<sub>2.5</sub>, NO<sub>2</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>, and O<sub>3</sub> as major contributors to mortality. The QGC method controlled the additive and synergistic effects among these air pollutants. Compared to the Standard-AQHI, the new RF-Alasso-QGC-AQHI demonstrated a stronger correlation with health outcomes, with an interquartile (IQR) increase associated with a 1.80 % (1.44 %, 2.17 %) increase in total mortality, and the best goodness of fit. Additionally, the hybrid Auto Regressive Moving Average-Long Short Term Memory (ARIMA-LSTM) successfully forecast the new AQHI, achieving a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.961. The work demonstrated that the improved AQHI construction and prediction strategy more efficiently communicate and provide early warnings of the health risks of multiple air pollutants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 117287"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142610857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117345
Le Jin , Qianjie Yang , Jiafeng Li , Xiang Li , Yutong Xia , Zhitong Chen , Yingying Wen , Liyin Wang , Xiawei Wang , Jianping Tong , Ye Shen , Kuangqi Chen
In recent years, concerns have escalated regarding eye health problems arising from Light-emitting diode (LED), which emits high-energy blue light (BL), potentially causing corneal epithelial dysfunctions (CEpD). Nevertheless, the mechanisms underlying this damage remain poorly comprehended. This study endeavors to explore the specific mechanisms through which BL exposure induces CEpD. The study carried out diverse assays and treatments to investigate the toxicological effects of BL exposure. 48 hours (h) of 440 nm of BL exposure decreased the migration of human corneal epithelial cells (hCEpCs) while augmenting reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and apoptosis. RNA-Sequencing and bioinformatic analysis indicated that cellular oxidation and reduction equilibrium, wound healing, the positive regulation of the apoptotic process, and the Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway were significantly influenced by BL exposure. Treatment with N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a ROS scavenger, restored cell viability and AKT/S6 kinase (S6K) activation, suggesting the involvement of ROS in BL-induced damage. NAC also reversed BL-induced apoptosis and migration. Blocking AKT/S6K replicated detrimental effects, while pre-treatment with SC79 (SC), an AKT activator, alleviated the changes caused by BL exposure in hCEpCs. Furthermore, in mice, the combination of AKT inhibition and BL exposure led to CEpD. However, treatment with SC and NAC restored CEpD caused by BL exposure. These results imply that the regulation of the ROS/PI3K/AKT/S6K axis is implicated in BL-induced CEpD. Collectively, this study offers insights into the molecular mechanisms of BL-induced CEpD and proposes targeting the ROS/PI3K/AKT/S6K cascade as a potential therapeutic approach. The findings contribute to ocular health knowledge and establish the basis for developing interventions to safeguard the cornea from the detrimental effects of excessive BL exposure.
{"title":"The ROS/AKT/S6K axis induces corneal epithelial dysfunctions under LED blue light exposure","authors":"Le Jin , Qianjie Yang , Jiafeng Li , Xiang Li , Yutong Xia , Zhitong Chen , Yingying Wen , Liyin Wang , Xiawei Wang , Jianping Tong , Ye Shen , Kuangqi Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117345","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117345","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, concerns have escalated regarding eye health problems arising from Light-emitting diode (LED), which emits high-energy blue light (BL), potentially causing corneal epithelial dysfunctions (CEpD). Nevertheless, the mechanisms underlying this damage remain poorly comprehended. This study endeavors to explore the specific mechanisms through which BL exposure induces CEpD. The study carried out diverse assays and treatments to investigate the toxicological effects of BL exposure. 48 hours (h) of 440 nm of BL exposure decreased the migration of human corneal epithelial cells (hCEpCs) while augmenting reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and apoptosis. RNA-Sequencing and bioinformatic analysis indicated that cellular oxidation and reduction equilibrium, wound healing, the positive regulation of the apoptotic process, and the Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway were significantly influenced by BL exposure. Treatment with N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a ROS scavenger, restored cell viability and AKT/S6 kinase (S6K) activation, suggesting the involvement of ROS in BL-induced damage. NAC also reversed BL-induced apoptosis and migration. Blocking AKT/S6K replicated detrimental effects, while pre-treatment with SC79 (SC), an AKT activator, alleviated the changes caused by BL exposure in hCEpCs. Furthermore, in mice, the combination of AKT inhibition and BL exposure led to CEpD. However, treatment with SC and NAC restored CEpD caused by BL exposure. These results imply that the regulation of the ROS/PI3K/AKT/S6K axis is implicated in BL-induced CEpD. Collectively, this study offers insights into the molecular mechanisms of BL-induced CEpD and proposes targeting the ROS/PI3K/AKT/S6K cascade as a potential therapeutic approach. The findings contribute to ocular health knowledge and establish the basis for developing interventions to safeguard the cornea from the detrimental effects of excessive BL exposure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 117345"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142610874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117298
Jia Niu , Yuyu Wan , Zhe Ma , Weihong Dong , Xiaosi Su , Yuanzheng Zhai , Xiaofang Shen , Xiaokun Yi
As the key interface, the nitrate removal capacity of riparian zones is receiving close attention. Although naturally occurring organic compounds in this environment play a pivotal role in shaping microbial communities and influencing the nitrate removal capacity, the relevant research is inadequate. Given the complexity of riparian environments, in this study, we added representative natural organic matter (fulvic acid, butyric acid, naphthalene, starch, and sodium bicarbonate) as carbon conditions and incorporated magnetite to simulate riparian zone components. The study investigated the nitrate degradation efficiency and microbial responses under different natural carbon conditions in real iron-containing environments. Butyric acid exhibited the most efficient nitrate reduction, followed in descending order by naphthalene, starch, sodium bicarbonate, and humic acid. However, this did not imply that butyric acid efficiently removed nitrogen; instead, the nitrogen would circulate in the environment in the form of ammonium. Denitrification and DNRA were the primary drivers of nitrate reduction in each system, while naphthalene and humic acid systems also exhibited nitrification and mineralization. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria represent a unique microbial community in the butyrate system. Further, the synergistic degradation of naphthalene and nitrate demonstrated significant potential applications. High-throughput sequencing revealed that carbon conditions exerted selective pressure on microorganisms, driving Fe (Ⅱ)/Fe (Ⅲ) transformation by shaping the microbial community structure and influencing the nitrogen cycling process.
{"title":"Comparative impact analysis of nitrate reduction by typical components of natural organic compounds in magnetite-bearing riparian zones","authors":"Jia Niu , Yuyu Wan , Zhe Ma , Weihong Dong , Xiaosi Su , Yuanzheng Zhai , Xiaofang Shen , Xiaokun Yi","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117298","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117298","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the key interface, the nitrate removal capacity of riparian zones is receiving close attention. Although naturally occurring organic compounds in this environment play a pivotal role in shaping microbial communities and influencing the nitrate removal capacity, the relevant research is inadequate. Given the complexity of riparian environments, in this study, we added representative natural organic matter (fulvic acid, butyric acid, naphthalene, starch, and sodium bicarbonate) as carbon conditions and incorporated magnetite to simulate riparian zone components. The study investigated the nitrate degradation efficiency and microbial responses under different natural carbon conditions in real iron-containing environments. Butyric acid exhibited the most efficient nitrate reduction, followed in descending order by naphthalene, starch, sodium bicarbonate, and humic acid. However, this did not imply that butyric acid efficiently removed nitrogen; instead, the nitrogen would circulate in the environment in the form of ammonium. Denitrification and DNRA were the primary drivers of nitrate reduction in each system, while naphthalene and humic acid systems also exhibited nitrification and mineralization. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria represent a unique microbial community in the butyrate system. Further, the synergistic degradation of naphthalene and nitrate demonstrated significant potential applications. High-throughput sequencing revealed that carbon conditions exerted selective pressure on microorganisms, driving Fe (Ⅱ)/Fe (Ⅲ) transformation by shaping the microbial community structure and influencing the nitrogen cycling process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 117298"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142610744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117336
Feipeng Wang , Zhi Zhang , Yu Ting Zhang , Mingdong Zhang , Yaling Huang , Xiaoyun Zhang , Qi Wu , Weimao Kong , Degang Jiang , Jingli Mu
Microorganisms are essential for the functioning of constructed wetlands (CWs), yet the role of rare bacterial taxa in CWs remains poorly understood. In this study, the community structure, metabolic activities, ecological functions, and assembly processes of abundant and rare bacterial taxa in CWs were examined using DNA and RNA high-throughput sequencing. Our results revealed that Gammaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, Bacteroidia, and Actinobacteria exhibited high diversity and sequence abundance. Retention in CWs generally reduced the metabolic activities of bacterial communities, with intermediate and rare taxa showing significantly lower activity compared to those in the influent. Despite their low abundance, functional groups involved in nitrogen and phosphorus removal exhibited high metabolic activities, highlighting their crucial role in these processes. Co-occurrence network analysis showed that non-rare taxa interacted more frequently with rare taxa than with conspecifics, and that keystone species included comparable numbers of both abundant and rare species. These highlight the importance of rare taxa in ecological functions and maintaining the stability of bacterial community structure in CWs. The assembly of bacterial communities was driven by both deterministic and stochastic processes, with stochastic processes predominantly shaping the rare taxa and deterministic processes primarily influencing the abundant taxa. Overall, this study provides novel insights into bacterial community structure, metabolic activity, and assembly processes in CWs, particularly the ecological roles of rare taxa.
微生物对人工湿地（CWs）的功能至关重要，但人们对稀有细菌类群在人工湿地中的作用仍然知之甚少。本研究利用 DNA 和 RNA 高通量测序技术研究了 CWs 中丰富和稀有细菌类群的群落结构、代谢活动、生态功能和组装过程。我们的研究结果表明，伽马蛋白菌、兼性蛋白菌、类杆菌和放线菌表现出较高的多样性和序列丰度。截留在化武池中的细菌群落的代谢活性普遍降低，与进水中的细菌群落相比，中间类群和稀有类群的活性明显降低。尽管丰度较低，但参与脱氮除磷的功能类群表现出较高的代谢活性，突出了它们在这些过程中的关键作用。共现网络分析显示，非稀有类群与稀有类群之间的相互作用比与同种类群之间的相互作用更频繁，关键物种包括数量相当的丰富物种和稀有物种。这凸显了稀有类群在生态功能和维持化石燃料中细菌群落结构稳定性方面的重要性。细菌群落的形成既受确定性过程的驱动，也受随机过程的驱动，随机过程主要影响稀有类群，而确定性过程主要影响丰富类群。总之，这项研究为了解化武中的细菌群落结构、代谢活动和组装过程，特别是稀有类群的生态作用提供了新的视角。
{"title":"DNA and RNA sequencing reveal the role of rare bacterial taxa in constructed wetlands: Insights into community activities, ecological functions, and assembly processes","authors":"Feipeng Wang , Zhi Zhang , Yu Ting Zhang , Mingdong Zhang , Yaling Huang , Xiaoyun Zhang , Qi Wu , Weimao Kong , Degang Jiang , Jingli Mu","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microorganisms are essential for the functioning of constructed wetlands (CWs), yet the role of rare bacterial taxa in CWs remains poorly understood. In this study, the community structure, metabolic activities, ecological functions, and assembly processes of abundant and rare bacterial taxa in CWs were examined using DNA and RNA high-throughput sequencing. Our results revealed that Gammaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, Bacteroidia, and Actinobacteria exhibited high diversity and sequence abundance. Retention in CWs generally reduced the metabolic activities of bacterial communities, with intermediate and rare taxa showing significantly lower activity compared to those in the influent. Despite their low abundance, functional groups involved in nitrogen and phosphorus removal exhibited high metabolic activities, highlighting their crucial role in these processes. Co-occurrence network analysis showed that non-rare taxa interacted more frequently with rare taxa than with conspecifics, and that keystone species included comparable numbers of both abundant and rare species. These highlight the importance of rare taxa in ecological functions and maintaining the stability of bacterial community structure in CWs. The assembly of bacterial communities was driven by both deterministic and stochastic processes, with stochastic processes predominantly shaping the rare taxa and deterministic processes primarily influencing the abundant taxa. Overall, this study provides novel insights into bacterial community structure, metabolic activity, and assembly processes in CWs, particularly the ecological roles of rare taxa.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"288 ","pages":"Article 117336"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142637906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117339
Huijun Yang , Yifan Yang , Aijie Mo , Yongchao Yuan
Cadmium (Cd) is prevalent in aquatic ecosystems and accumulates in various tissues of aquatic organisms, leading to severe biological toxicity. Selenium (Se) is recognized for mitigating heavy metal toxicity, though its protective effects against Cd in aquatic crustaceans remain underexplored. This study, therefore, assessed the effects of dietary Cd (15 mg/kg) exposure and Se (6 mg/kg) supplementation on the hepatopancreas and ovaries of female crayfish to uncover the mechanisms of Cd toxicity and the protective role of Se. The results showed that Cd accumulation in the hepatopancreas caused a reduced hepatopancreas index (HPI), decreased protein content, histopathological damage, and oxidative stress, while Se supplementation reduced Cd levels, mitigated damage, and restored tissue integrity and antioxidant defenses. Transcriptomic analysis further revealed significant alterations in gene expression related to detoxification, lipid metabolism, and energy production in response to Cd exposure, which were partially or fully restored by Se supplementation. Additionally, Se alleviated Cd-induced inhibition of ovarian development, as evidenced by improved ovary index, enhanced oocyte development, and normalization of essential trace element levels. Mechanistically, Se restored the Cd-disrupted vitellogenin (Vtg) synthesis in the hepatopancreas via regulating the mRNA expression of hsp70 and genes related to the molt-inhibiting hormone (MIH) (mih, rxr, and ecr). Overall, these findings indicate that Se supplementation mitigated Cd-induced hepatopancreatic dysfunction, restored Vtg synthesis, and consequently counteracted the inhibition of ovarian development in adult female crayfish.
镉（Cd）普遍存在于水生生态系统中，并在水生生物的各种组织中积累，导致严重的生物毒性。硒（Se）被认为可以减轻重金属毒性，但其对水生甲壳类动物体内镉的保护作用仍未得到充分探索。因此，本研究评估了雌性小龙虾摄入镉（15 毫克/千克）和补充硒（6 毫克/千克）对其肝胰腺和卵巢的影响，以揭示镉的毒性机制和硒的保护作用。结果表明，镉在肝胰腺中的积累会导致肝胰腺指数（HPI）降低、蛋白质含量减少、组织病理学损伤和氧化应激，而补充 Se 则会降低镉含量、减轻损伤、恢复组织完整性和抗氧化防御能力。转录组分析进一步揭示了与镉暴露相关的解毒、脂质代谢和能量产生基因表达的显著变化，补充 Se 后这些变化得到了部分或完全恢复。此外，Se 还缓解了镉对卵巢发育的抑制，表现为卵巢指数提高、卵母细胞发育增强以及必需微量元素水平恢复正常。从机理上讲，Se 通过调节 hsp70 和蜕皮抑制激素（MIH）相关基因（mih、rxr 和 ecr）的 mRNA 表达，恢复了被 Cd 破坏的肝胰脏中卵黄素（Vtg）的合成。总之，这些研究结果表明，补充 Se 可减轻镉诱导的肝胰腺功能障碍，恢复 Vtg 合成，从而抵消对成年雌性小龙虾卵巢发育的抑制作用。
{"title":"Selenium mitigated cadmium-induced ovarian retardation in female Procambarus clarkii by regulating vitellogenin synthesis and transfer in the hepatopancreas","authors":"Huijun Yang , Yifan Yang , Aijie Mo , Yongchao Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117339","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117339","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cadmium (Cd) is prevalent in aquatic ecosystems and accumulates in various tissues of aquatic organisms, leading to severe biological toxicity. Selenium (Se) is recognized for mitigating heavy metal toxicity, though its protective effects against Cd in aquatic crustaceans remain underexplored. This study, therefore, assessed the effects of dietary Cd (15 mg/kg) exposure and Se (6 mg/kg) supplementation on the hepatopancreas and ovaries of female crayfish to uncover the mechanisms of Cd toxicity and the protective role of Se. The results showed that Cd accumulation in the hepatopancreas caused a reduced hepatopancreas index (HPI), decreased protein content, histopathological damage, and oxidative stress, while Se supplementation reduced Cd levels, mitigated damage, and restored tissue integrity and antioxidant defenses. Transcriptomic analysis further revealed significant alterations in gene expression related to detoxification, lipid metabolism, and energy production in response to Cd exposure, which were partially or fully restored by Se supplementation. Additionally, Se alleviated Cd-induced inhibition of ovarian development, as evidenced by improved ovary index, enhanced oocyte development, and normalization of essential trace element levels. Mechanistically, Se restored the Cd-disrupted vitellogenin (Vtg) synthesis in the hepatopancreas via regulating the mRNA expression of <em>hsp70</em> and genes related to the molt-inhibiting hormone (MIH) (<em>mih</em>, <em>rxr</em>, and <em>ecr</em>). Overall, these findings indicate that Se supplementation mitigated Cd-induced hepatopancreatic dysfunction, restored Vtg synthesis, and consequently counteracted the inhibition of ovarian development in adult female crayfish.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"288 ","pages":"Article 117339"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142637924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-06DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117281
Liang-Jen Wang , How-Ran Chao , Chih-Cheng Chen , Ching-Me Chen , Huey-Ling You , Ching-Chang Tsai , Ching-Shu Tsai , Wen-Jiun Chou , Chia-Jung Li , Kai Fan Tsai , Fu-Jen Cheng , Chia-Te Kung , Shau-Hsuan Li , Chin-Chou Wang , Yu-Che Ou , Wen-Chin Lee , Wan-Ting Huang
Our previous studies have revealed a correlation between urinary phthalates (PAE) metabolites and parabens and PM2.5 exposure and susceptibility to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in school-age children. Our goal was to examine the relationships between urinary organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) and their metabolites and the susceptibility to ADHD in the same cohort of children. We recruited 186 school children, including 132 with ADHD and 54 normal controls, living in southern Taiwan to investigate five OPFRs (1,3-dichloro-2-propyl phosphate (TDCPP), tri-n-butyl phosphate (TnBP), tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBEP), and triphenyl phosphate (TPHP)) and five OPFR metabolites (bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCPP), di-n-butyl phosphate (DNBP), bis(2-chloroethyl) hydrogen phosphate (BCEP), di-(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (DBEP), and diphenyl phosphate (DPHP)) in urine. ADHD patients’ behavioral symptoms and neuropsychological function were assessed using the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Version IV Scale (SNAP-IV) and the Conners’ Continuous Performance Test 3rd Edition (Conners CPT3), respectively. BCEP was predominant among urinary OPFRs and the metabolites in both the ADHD and control groups. ADHD children had significantly higher levels of urinary BDCPP, BCEP, DBEP, DPHP, TCEP, TBEP, TNBP, TPHP, and Σ10OPFR compared to the controls. After controlling for age, gender, body mass index, PM2.5 exposure scenarios, and urinary phthalate metabolites, parabens, bisphenol-A and creatinine, levels of urinary BDCPP, TDCPP, and TBEP in ADHD children showed significant and dose-dependent effects on core behavioral symptoms of inattention. DNBP levels were positively correlated with neuropsychological deficits (CPT detectability, omission, and commission), while urinary DPHP in ADHD children were negatively related to CPT detectability and commission. Hyperactivity and impulsivity were not correlated with urinary OPFRs and their metabolites in ADHD children. In conclusion, the ADHD symptom of inattention and CPT performance may be closely associated with certain urinary OPFRs and their metabolites, independent of urinary PAE metabolites, parabens, and bisphenol-A in school-age-ADHD children.
{"title":"Effects of urinary organophosphate flame retardants in susceptibility to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in school-age children","authors":"Liang-Jen Wang , How-Ran Chao , Chih-Cheng Chen , Ching-Me Chen , Huey-Ling You , Ching-Chang Tsai , Ching-Shu Tsai , Wen-Jiun Chou , Chia-Jung Li , Kai Fan Tsai , Fu-Jen Cheng , Chia-Te Kung , Shau-Hsuan Li , Chin-Chou Wang , Yu-Che Ou , Wen-Chin Lee , Wan-Ting Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Our previous studies have revealed a correlation between urinary phthalates (PAE) metabolites and parabens and PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure and susceptibility to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in school-age children. Our goal was to examine the relationships between urinary organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) and their metabolites and the susceptibility to ADHD in the same cohort of children. We recruited 186 school children, including 132 with ADHD and 54 normal controls, living in southern Taiwan to investigate five OPFRs (1,3-dichloro-2-propyl phosphate (TDCPP), tri-n-butyl phosphate (TnBP), tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBEP), and triphenyl phosphate (TPHP)) and five OPFR metabolites (bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCPP), di-n-butyl phosphate (DNBP), bis(2-chloroethyl) hydrogen phosphate (BCEP), di-(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (DBEP), and diphenyl phosphate (DPHP)) in urine. ADHD patients’ behavioral symptoms and neuropsychological function were assessed using the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Version IV Scale (SNAP-IV) and the Conners’ Continuous Performance Test 3rd Edition (Conners CPT3), respectively. BCEP was predominant among urinary OPFRs and the metabolites in both the ADHD and control groups. ADHD children had significantly higher levels of urinary BDCPP, BCEP, DBEP, DPHP, TCEP, TBEP, TNBP, TPHP, and Σ<sub>10</sub>OPFR compared to the controls. After controlling for age, gender, body mass index, PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure scenarios, and urinary phthalate metabolites, parabens, bisphenol-A and creatinine, levels of urinary BDCPP, TDCPP, and TBEP in ADHD children showed significant and dose-dependent effects on core behavioral symptoms of inattention. DNBP levels were positively correlated with neuropsychological deficits (CPT detectability, omission, and commission), while urinary DPHP in ADHD children were negatively related to CPT detectability and commission. Hyperactivity and impulsivity were not correlated with urinary OPFRs and their metabolites in ADHD children. In conclusion, the ADHD symptom of inattention and CPT performance may be closely associated with certain urinary OPFRs and their metabolites, independent of urinary PAE metabolites, parabens, and bisphenol-A in school-age-ADHD children.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 117281"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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