Pub Date : 2025-10-01Epub Date: 2025-08-23DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108037
Guozheng Ma , Kaiqiang Song , Xingyu Xiong , Lingshu Dong , Yuchong Ge , Zhongchen Lu , Xiaoyun Gao , Renzong Hu
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) face challenges in low-temperature environments, including hindered lithium-ion transport, poor capacity retention and inadequate charging capability. The limited capacity (372 mAh g−1) and suboptimal low-temperature performance of graphite anode restricts the broader application of LIBs across various fields. Herein, a SnSb/P/EG composite anode material was prepared via a simple ball-milling method. The SnSb/P/EG composite anode delivers a high specific capacity of 815 mAh g−1 at 0.2 A g−1and 544 mAh g−1 at 10 A g−1 under 30 °C. Notably, under −30 °C, it delivers a high reversible capacity of 643 mAh g−1 with a high retention of 91.5 % after 100 cycles. Its exceptional low-temperature performance is attributed to enhanced pseudocapacitive characteristics and the enhanced reaction kinetics in the amorphous Li-alloys in the ternary composite, offering novel insights for the design of LIBs anode materials for low-temperature applications.
锂离子电池（LIBs）在低温环境下面临着锂离子传输受阻、容量保持能力差和充电能力不足等挑战。石墨阳极的容量有限（372 mAh g−1）和低温性能欠佳，限制了锂离子电池在各个领域的广泛应用。采用简单的球磨法制备了SnSb/P/EG复合负极材料。SnSb/P/EG复合阳极在0.2 a g - 1和10 a g - 1条件下具有815 mAh g - 1和544 mAh g - 1的高比容量。值得注意的是，在- 30°C下，它提供了643 mAh g - 1的高可逆容量，在100次循环后保持率高达91.5%。其优异的低温性能归功于三元复合材料中非晶锂合金的赝电容特性和反应动力学的增强，为低温应用的锂离子电池阳极材料的设计提供了新的见解。
{"title":"A ternary SnSb/P/EG composite anode enables high-rate capability and stable low-temperature cycling for Lithium storage","authors":"Guozheng Ma , Kaiqiang Song , Xingyu Xiong , Lingshu Dong , Yuchong Ge , Zhongchen Lu , Xiaoyun Gao , Renzong Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) face challenges in low-temperature environments, including hindered lithium-ion transport, poor capacity retention and inadequate charging capability. The limited capacity (372 mAh g<sup>−1</sup>) and suboptimal low-temperature performance of graphite anode restricts the broader application of LIBs across various fields. Herein, a SnSb/P/EG composite anode material was prepared via a simple ball-milling method. The SnSb/P/EG composite anode delivers a high specific capacity of 815 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> at 0.2 A g<sup>−1</sup>and 544 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> at 10 A g<sup>−1</sup> under 30 °C. Notably, under −30 °C, it delivers a high reversible capacity of 643 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> with a high retention of 91.5 % after 100 cycles. Its exceptional low-temperature performance is attributed to enhanced pseudocapacitive characteristics and the enhanced reaction kinetics in the amorphous Li-alloys in the ternary composite, offering novel insights for the design of LIBs anode materials for low-temperature applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 108037"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144895483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01Epub Date: 2025-08-16DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108033
Manish Kumar Singla , S.A. Muhammed Ali , Jyoti Gupta , Pradeep Jangir , Arpita , Ramesh Kumar , Reena Jangid , Mohammad Khishe
Precise modeling of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) requires accurate identification of key parameters, which are often unavailable from manufacturers but crucial for predicting fuel cell performance. The system relies on seven key parameters to determine activation and ohmic and concentration overpotential values through ξ1, ξ2, ξ3, ξ4, λ, Rc, and β. The Battlefield Optimization Algorithm (BfOA) represents a new optimization method that finds these seven essential PEMFC parameters effectively. Using Sum Squared Error (SSE) to minimize the difference between estimated and actual cell voltages, BfOA outperformed other optimization algorithms in determining parameters for six PEMFC models under varying operating conditions. The optimized parameters enabled accurate prediction of I-V and PV curves, closely matching experimental data. BfOA's efficiency and robustness make it well-.
suited for real-time fuel cell modeling. Its effectiveness as a method for precise PEMFC device analysis within electronic component simulators is demonstrated. Future development will explore BfOA's compatibility with other fuel cell technologies, incorporate real-time data capabilities, and implement the algorithm in embedded systems for real-time PEMFC monitoring and control.
{"title":"Seven-parameter PEMFC model optimization using an battlefield optimization algorithm","authors":"Manish Kumar Singla , S.A. Muhammed Ali , Jyoti Gupta , Pradeep Jangir , Arpita , Ramesh Kumar , Reena Jangid , Mohammad Khishe","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Precise modeling of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) requires accurate identification of key parameters, which are often unavailable from manufacturers but crucial for predicting fuel cell performance. The system relies on seven key parameters to determine activation and ohmic and concentration overpotential values through ξ1, ξ2, ξ3, ξ4, λ, Rc, and β. The Battlefield Optimization Algorithm (BfOA) represents a new optimization method that finds these seven essential PEMFC parameters effectively. Using Sum Squared Error (SSE) to minimize the difference between estimated and actual cell voltages, BfOA outperformed other optimization algorithms in determining parameters for six PEMFC models under varying operating conditions. The optimized parameters enabled accurate prediction of I-V and P<img>V curves, closely matching experimental data. BfOA's efficiency and robustness make it well-.</div><div>suited for real-time fuel cell modeling. Its effectiveness as a method for precise PEMFC device analysis within electronic component simulators is demonstrated. Future development will explore BfOA's compatibility with other fuel cell technologies, incorporate real-time data capabilities, and implement the algorithm in embedded systems for real-time PEMFC monitoring and control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 108033"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144880404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01Epub Date: 2025-07-16DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108004
Xuanhe Liu , Baiqing Sun , Lehao Lin , Gaimei Zhang , Hui Li , Jiazi Shi , Min Wu , Dongdong Wang , Jiandong Lu , Kang Du , Xiaoli Song
The commercialization of supercapacitors hinges critically on developing low-cost electrode materials capable of simultaneously delivering high energy density and long-term stability. To address this challenge, we developed a dual‑nitrogen doping strategy using tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (Tris) and urea to fabricate three-dimensional nitrogen-doped graphene (URNG) through a one-step hydrothermal process. Characterization of the material reveals that the optimized nitrogen conformation of URNG has a 2.07 % increase in pyrrole-N content compared to single nitrogen-source doped graphene (NG), a change that significantly enhances the charge storage capacity while maintaining structural integrity. Electrochemical measurements demonstrate that the assembled symmetric supercapacitor achieves a high energy density of 57.2 Wh·kg−1 at a power density of 670 W·kg−1. The URNG electrodes deliver a specific capacitance of 194.2 F·g−1 at 0.5 A·g−1 (17.1 % higher than NG) while maintaining 87 % capacitance retention after 5000 cycles. The practical applicability of this material was successfully demonstrated by powering a 1.8 V LED device. This work not only provides a facile synthesis strategy but also offers fundamental insights into nitrogen configuration control for advanced energy storage systems.
{"title":"Urea-Tris doped 3D graphene for high-stability supercapacitors","authors":"Xuanhe Liu , Baiqing Sun , Lehao Lin , Gaimei Zhang , Hui Li , Jiazi Shi , Min Wu , Dongdong Wang , Jiandong Lu , Kang Du , Xiaoli Song","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The commercialization of supercapacitors hinges critically on developing low-cost electrode materials capable of simultaneously delivering high energy density and long-term stability. To address this challenge, we developed a dual‑nitrogen doping strategy using tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (Tris) and urea to fabricate three-dimensional nitrogen-doped graphene (URNG) through a one-step hydrothermal process. Characterization of the material reveals that the optimized nitrogen conformation of URNG has a 2.07 % increase in pyrrole-N content compared to single nitrogen-source doped graphene (NG), a change that significantly enhances the charge storage capacity while maintaining structural integrity. Electrochemical measurements demonstrate that the assembled symmetric supercapacitor achieves a high energy density of 57.2 Wh·kg<sup>−1</sup> at a power density of 670 W·kg<sup>−1</sup>. The URNG electrodes deliver a specific capacitance of 194.2 F·g<sup>−1</sup> at 0.5 A·g<sup>−1</sup> (17.1 % higher than NG) while maintaining 87 % capacitance retention after 5000 cycles. The practical applicability of this material was successfully demonstrated by powering a 1.8 V LED device. This work not only provides a facile synthesis strategy but also offers fundamental insights into nitrogen configuration control for advanced energy storage systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 108004"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144772150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Copper efflux oxidase (CueO) is a direct electron transfer (DET)-type bioelectrocatalyst used for dioxygen (O2) reduction. Type I copper (T1Cu) has been suggested to be essential for donating electrons to trinuclear copper center (TNC) during the catalytic cycle of CueO. However, T1Cu-deleted (T1D) variants have not yet been characterized in DET-type reactions. This study investigated the bioelectrochemical properties of the T1D CueO variants, C500S and C500S/E506Q. Both variants showed a significant catalytic current representing DET via TNC at the Ketjen black-modified electrode, whereas T1Cu appeared to accelerate the catalytic cycle of CueO. Additionally, C500S/E506Q showed a 10-fold higher activity than C500S. Through kinetic analysis of the voltammograms, the reorganization energy of TNC was estimated to be lowered owing to the E506Q mutation, resulting in fast DET of C500S/E506Q. These findings can help improve the DET-type reactions involving multicopper oxidases.
{"title":"Direct electron transfer-type bioelectrocatalytic dioxygen reduction with copper efflux oxidase lacking type I copper","authors":"Taiki Adachi , Toshitada Takei , Kenji Kano , Satoshi Yamashita , Kunishige Kataoka , Keisei Sowa","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Copper efflux oxidase (CueO) is a direct electron transfer (DET)-type bioelectrocatalyst used for dioxygen (O<sub>2</sub>) reduction. Type I copper (T1Cu) has been suggested to be essential for donating electrons to trinuclear copper center (TNC) during the catalytic cycle of CueO. However, T1Cu-deleted (T1D) variants have not yet been characterized in DET-type reactions. This study investigated the bioelectrochemical properties of the T1D CueO variants, C500S and C500S/E506Q. Both variants showed a significant catalytic current representing DET via TNC at the Ketjen black-modified electrode, whereas T1Cu appeared to accelerate the catalytic cycle of CueO. Additionally, C500S/E506Q showed a 10-fold higher activity than C500S. Through kinetic analysis of the voltammograms, the reorganization energy of TNC was estimated to be lowered owing to the E506Q mutation, resulting in fast DET of C500S/E506Q. These findings can help improve the DET-type reactions involving multicopper oxidases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 108036"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144907506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) exhibit remarkable efficiency in the production of syngas, a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, owing to their ability to electrolyze steam and carbon dioxide simultaneously. However, the polarization resistance associated with the gas diffusion process in the negatrode (fuel electrode) increases with increasing CO2 concentrations during steam/CO2 co-electrolysis. To reduce the gas diffusion resistance in negatrode-supported microtubular SOECs, acrylic resin and graphite are employed as pore formers in the negatrode. Replacing acrylic resin with graphite pore formers enhances the current density from 0.477 to 0.544 A cm−2 at H2O/CO2 = 2 and 700 °C owing to 22 % reduction in the polarization resistance associated with the gas diffusion process at low frequencies below 10 Hz. Focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy analysis reveals that the fraction of small-pores (less than 2 μm in diameter) is higher in the cell employing the graphite pore former, which helps decrease the polarization resistance associated with the gas diffusion process in the negatrode. Thus, optimizing the negatrode microstructure is crucial to enhancing the performance of co-electrolysis SOECs.
固体氧化物电解电池（SOECs）在生产合成气（氢和一氧化碳的混合物）方面表现出显著的效率，因为它们能够同时电解蒸汽和二氧化碳。然而，在蒸汽/二氧化碳共电解过程中，负极（燃料电极）中与气体扩散过程相关的极化电阻随着CO2浓度的增加而增加。为了降低负极微管soec中的气体扩散阻力，在负极中使用丙烯酸树脂和石墨作为成孔剂。在H2O/CO2 = 2和700°C的条件下，石墨成孔材料的电流密度从0.477 A cm−2提高到0.544 A cm−2，这是由于在低于10 Hz的低频下，气体扩散过程中产生的极化电阻降低了22%。聚焦离子束扫描电镜分析表明，石墨成孔器的微孔（直径小于2 μm）比例较高，有利于降低负极中气体扩散过程的极化阻力。因此，优化负极结构对提高共电解soec的性能至关重要。
{"title":"Reduced gas diffusion resistance via modification of negatrode morphology for steam/CO2 co-electrolysis SOEC","authors":"Hirofumi Sumi , Mizuki Momai , Yohei Tanaka , Toshiaki Matsui","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) exhibit remarkable efficiency in the production of syngas, a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, owing to their ability to electrolyze steam and carbon dioxide simultaneously. However, the polarization resistance associated with the gas diffusion process in the negatrode (fuel electrode) increases with increasing CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations during steam/CO<sub>2</sub> co-electrolysis. To reduce the gas diffusion resistance in negatrode-supported microtubular SOECs, acrylic resin and graphite are employed as pore formers in the negatrode. Replacing acrylic resin with graphite pore formers enhances the current density from 0.477 to 0.544 A cm<sup>−2</sup> at H<sub>2</sub>O/CO<sub>2</sub> = 2 and 700 °C owing to 22 % reduction in the polarization resistance associated with the gas diffusion process at low frequencies below 10 Hz. Focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy analysis reveals that the fraction of small-pores (less than 2 μm in diameter) is higher in the cell employing the graphite pore former, which helps decrease the polarization resistance associated with the gas diffusion process in the negatrode. Thus, optimizing the negatrode microstructure is crucial to enhancing the performance of co-electrolysis SOECs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 108022"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144831450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01Epub Date: 2025-07-15DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108003
Jan-Niklas Hengsbach , Marcel Cwienczek , Janik Haffelder , Nils Tippkötter , Roland Ulber
A promising strategy to enhance biotechnological succinate production with Actinobacillus succinogenes is the fermentation in bioelectrochemical systems (BES), where mediated extracellular electron transfer (MEET) plays a key role. In this context, the choice of redox mediator (RM) is important. However, current studies show a limited selection of RMs, which have only rarely been investigated for A. succinogenes. This study therefore analyses different RMs regarding their efficiency and compatibility with A. succinogenes in cathodic systems. In addition to key parameters such as toxicity, stability and redox potential, the total turnover number (TTN) was used as a performance indicator. Among the RMs tested, neutral red proved to be the most efficient mediator with a TTN value of 160.39 at a concentration of 0.1 mM and 23.32 ± 3.34 at 0.5 mM over 72 h. In contrast, riboflavin, safranin O, resazurin and methylene blue showed far poorer performance due to low TTN values, high toxicity or low stability. In addition, active secretion of endogenous RMs could most likely be excluded. The results prove that neutral red is currently the most suitable RM for the process and at the same time illustrate the considerable potential for optimisation in the development of ideal redox mediators for cathodic electro-fermentation.
{"title":"Actinobacillus succinogenes in bioelectrochemical systems – Comparative study of redox mediators","authors":"Jan-Niklas Hengsbach , Marcel Cwienczek , Janik Haffelder , Nils Tippkötter , Roland Ulber","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A promising strategy to enhance biotechnological succinate production with <em>Actinobacillus succinogenes</em> is the fermentation in bioelectrochemical systems (BES), where mediated extracellular electron transfer (MEET) plays a key role. In this context, the choice of redox mediator (RM) is important. However, current studies show a limited selection of RMs, which have only rarely been investigated for <em>A. succinogenes</em>. This study therefore analyses different RMs regarding their efficiency and compatibility with <em>A. succinogenes</em> in cathodic systems. In addition to key parameters such as toxicity, stability and redox potential, the total turnover number (TTN) was used as a performance indicator. Among the RMs tested, neutral red proved to be the most efficient mediator with a TTN value of 160.39 at a concentration of 0.1 mM and 23.32 ± 3.34 at 0.5 mM over 72 h. In contrast, riboflavin, safranin O, resazurin and methylene blue showed far poorer performance due to low TTN values, high toxicity or low stability. In addition, active secretion of endogenous RMs could most likely be excluded. The results prove that neutral red is currently the most suitable RM for the process and at the same time illustrate the considerable potential for optimisation in the development of ideal redox mediators for cathodic electro-fermentation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 108003"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144722278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To accelerate the screening of electrocatalyst materials, it is necessary to enhance the efficiency of their performance evaluation and optimization under dynamic conditions. The activity and stability of electrocatalyst materials are two crucial metrics that are typically correlated, and thus need to be evaluated in parallel. However. assessing both activity and stability in a time-efficient, reliable and comparable manner remains a challenge. Given the rising interest in evaluating electrocatalysts under realistic fluctuating conditions, we propose an electrochemical approach that uses random sampling and Bayesian optimization to explore pulsed amperometry conditions in hydrous iridium oxides for the oxygen evolution reaction. This method provides activity and stability proxies independent of sample loading which are validated against literature data.
{"title":"Activity and stability proxies for automated evaluation of IrOx electrocatalysts under variable operating conditions","authors":"Guanqi Huang , Carlota Bozal-Ginesta , Alán Aspuru-Guzik","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To accelerate the screening of electrocatalyst materials, it is necessary to enhance the efficiency of their performance evaluation and optimization under dynamic conditions. The activity and stability of electrocatalyst materials are two crucial metrics that are typically correlated, and thus need to be evaluated in parallel. However. assessing both activity and stability in a time-efficient, reliable and comparable manner remains a challenge. Given the rising interest in evaluating electrocatalysts under realistic fluctuating conditions, we propose an electrochemical approach that uses random sampling and Bayesian optimization to explore pulsed amperometry conditions in hydrous iridium oxides for the oxygen evolution reaction. This method provides activity and stability proxies independent of sample loading which are validated against literature data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 108034"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144858102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tubular reactors offer increased surface-to-volume ratios compared to conventional planar reactors. Yet, they are seldom utilized in electrochemical applications. This is primarily due to the challenges associated with membrane placement and the lack of concepts for cell-stacking and integrating mixer elements in such designs. This study introduces two innovative tubular reactor designs which address these limitations, while the biphasic electrooxidation of hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) serves as case study: the Mixer Electrode Reactor (MER) and the Swiss-roll Reactor (SRR). The MER leverages a tubular 3D-printed stainless steel or nickel foam electrode to enhance mass transfer and active electrode area within the flow cell. The SRR, similar to spiral-wound membrane modules, employs a rolled-up assembly of nickel foam electrodes separated by polymeric spacers. In testing, the MER exhibited low FDCA yields (60%) due to an inhomogeneous electric field caused by non-uniform electrode spacing. In contrast, the SRR maintained a uniform electrode distance, resulting in a homogeneous electric field significantly improving performance. The SRR achieved higher FDCA yields (up to 73% at 15 mA cm−2) and significantly increased space–time yields (437 molFDCA m−3 h−1), surpassing both the MER and conventional planar reactor designs. This work highlights the potential of the SRR as an efficient and scalable tubular reactor, particularly for the integrated biphasic oxidation of HMF to FDCA.
与传统的平面反应器相比，管式反应器提供了更高的表面体积比。然而，它们很少用于电化学应用。这主要是由于与膜放置相关的挑战，以及在这种设计中缺乏细胞堆叠和集成混合器元素的概念。本研究介绍了两种创新的管式反应器设计，以解决这些限制，而两相电氧化羟甲基糠醛（HMF）到2,5-呋喃二羧酸（FDCA）作为案例研究：混合电极反应器（MER）和瑞士卷反应器（SRR）。MER利用管状3d打印不锈钢或镍泡沫电极来增强流体池内的传质和活性电极面积。SRR，类似于螺旋缠绕膜模块，采用由聚合物垫片分隔的镍泡沫电极的卷起来的组件。在测试中，由于非均匀电极间距引起的不均匀电场，MER表现出较低的FDCA产率（<60%）。相比之下，SRR保持了均匀的电极距离，导致均匀的电场显著提高了性能。SRR获得了更高的FDCA产率（在15 mA cm−2时高达73%），并且显著提高了时空产率（437 molFDCA m−3 h−1），超过了MER和传统的平面反应器设计。这项工作突出了SRR作为一种高效和可扩展的管式反应器的潜力，特别是对于HMF到FDCA的综合双相氧化。
{"title":"Tubular electrochemical reactors for the biphasic oxidation of HMF to FDCA","authors":"Tobias Harhues , Wenzel Plischka , Matthias Wessling , Robert Keller","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tubular reactors offer increased surface-to-volume ratios compared to conventional planar reactors. Yet, they are seldom utilized in electrochemical applications. This is primarily due to the challenges associated with membrane placement and the lack of concepts for cell-stacking and integrating mixer elements in such designs. This study introduces two innovative tubular reactor designs which address these limitations, while the biphasic electrooxidation of hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) serves as case study: the Mixer Electrode Reactor (MER) and the Swiss-roll Reactor (SRR). The MER leverages a tubular 3D-printed stainless steel or nickel foam electrode to enhance mass transfer and active electrode area within the flow cell. The SRR, similar to spiral-wound membrane modules, employs a rolled-up assembly of nickel foam electrodes separated by polymeric spacers. In testing, the MER exhibited low FDCA yields (<span><math><mo><</mo></math></span>60%) due to an inhomogeneous electric field caused by non-uniform electrode spacing. In contrast, the SRR maintained a uniform electrode distance, resulting in a homogeneous electric field significantly improving performance. The SRR achieved higher FDCA yields (up to 73% at 15 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>) and significantly increased space–time yields (437 mol<sub>FDCA</sub> m<sup>−3</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>), surpassing both the MER and conventional planar reactor designs. This work highlights the potential of the SRR as an efficient and scalable tubular reactor, particularly for the integrated biphasic oxidation of HMF to FDCA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 108018"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144809985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01Epub Date: 2025-07-23DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108007
Chuang Wang , Lidong You , Tingting Sun , Zichun Zhang
The two-dimensional W2C sparked widespread interest due to high physicochemical stability and large specific surface area. Fluoride-ion batteries (FIBs) are promising candidates in energy storage applications due to excellent properties such as high energy density. Despite such potential, the role of these materials in FIBs needs elucidation, especially regarding the effect of the fluoride ion transport mechanism on the material surface. In this study, the suitability of W2C as a cathode material for FIB was evaluated for the first time using the vacancy induction method based on first-principles calculations. The results show that the diffusion barrier for fluoride ions on the W2C surface is drastically reduced from 0.26 eV to 0.11 eV, and the ion transport efficiency is more than doubled, while a high theoretical voltage of 4.32 V and stable cycling at a concentration of 0–175 % F− are achieved. This is attributed to the fact that vacancy defects reduce the binding affinity of tungsten to fluoride ions and promote desorption of fluoride ions. This study highlights the importance of vacancy-induced techniques in enhancing 2D materials' ion transport capacity, providing valuable insights for advancing high-performance FIB designs.
{"title":"Two-dimensional W2C cathodes for fluoride-ion batteries: Achieving fast ion transport via vacancy induction","authors":"Chuang Wang , Lidong You , Tingting Sun , Zichun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The two-dimensional W<sub>2</sub>C sparked widespread interest due to high physicochemical stability and large specific surface area. Fluoride-ion batteries (FIBs) are promising candidates in energy storage applications due to excellent properties such as high energy density. Despite such potential, the role of these materials in FIBs needs elucidation, especially regarding the effect of the fluoride ion transport mechanism on the material surface. In this study, the suitability of W<sub>2</sub>C as a cathode material for FIB was evaluated for the first time using the vacancy induction method based on first-principles calculations. The results show that the diffusion barrier for fluoride ions on the W<sub>2</sub>C surface is drastically reduced from 0.26 eV to 0.11 eV, and the ion transport efficiency is more than doubled, while a high theoretical voltage of 4.32 V and stable cycling at a concentration of 0–175 % F<sup>−</sup> are achieved. This is attributed to the fact that vacancy defects reduce the binding affinity of tungsten to fluoride ions and promote desorption of fluoride ions. This study highlights the importance of vacancy-induced techniques in enhancing 2D materials' ion transport capacity, providing valuable insights for advancing high-performance FIB designs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 108007"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144764059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01Epub Date: 2025-08-19DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108035
Khalid Saifullah , Kamran Ullah , Najmul Hassan , Tayyaba Shireen , Salah Knani , Vineet Tirth , Ali Algahtani , Abid Zaman
The increasing global demand for advanced energy storage technologies necessitates the development of high-performance materials. In this study, Co3O4-based NiO-Fe2O3 binary and ternary nanocomposites were synthesized via a green hydrothermal method using banana peel extract as a sustainable reducing agent. The Phase analysis, microstructural, elemental composition, electrochemical, and magnetic properties of synthesized materials were analyzed using X-ray diffractions (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive x-rays (EDX), cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) technique. XRD analysis confirmed the coexistence of binary (NiO-Co3O4) and ternary Fe2O3-NiO-Co3O4 phases in the nanocomposite. The surface morphology analysis showed the presence of spherical and round-like shape. Electrochemical analysis revealed a high specific capacity of 2692 mAh g−1 for the Fe2O3-NiO-Co3O4 nanocomposite, significantly surpassing the binary compound. The corresponding energy densities were 391.2, 363.2, 328.2 J/mA.cm−2, with Tafel slopes of 112, 129, and 118 mV/dec, respectively. The VSM results indicated retentivity values of 1.49, 2.53, and 1.03 emu/g for NiO/Co3O4, Fe2O3/Co3O4, and Fe2O3/NiO/Co3O4 nanocomposite. The energy dispersive x-rays (EDX) spectroscopy confirmed the presence of Co, O, Fe, and Ni elements. These findings highlight the potential of Co3O4-based NiO/Fe2O3 nanocomposites as promising candidates for high performance energy and data storage applications.
全球对先进储能技术日益增长的需求要求高性能材料的发展。本研究以香蕉皮提取物为可持续还原剂，采用绿色水热法制备了co3o4基NiO-Fe2O3二、三元纳米复合材料。采用x射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）、能量色散x射线（EDX）、循环伏安法（CV）、电化学阻抗谱（EIS）、线性扫描伏安法（LSV）和振动样品磁强计（VSM）技术对合成材料的物相分析、微观结构、元素组成、电化学和磁性能进行了分析。XRD分析证实了复合材料中存在二元（NiO-Co3O4）相和三元Fe2O3-NiO-Co3O4相。表面形貌分析显示为球形和圆形。电化学分析表明，Fe2O3-NiO-Co3O4纳米复合材料的比容量高达2692 mAh g−1，明显优于二元化合物。对应的能量密度分别为391.2、363.2、328.2 J/mA。cm−2，塔菲尔斜率分别为112、129和118 mV/dec。VSM结果表明，NiO/Co3O4、Fe2O3/Co3O4和Fe2O3/NiO/Co3O4纳米复合材料的保留率分别为1.49、2.53和1.03 emu/g。能量色散x射线（EDX）光谱证实了Co， O， Fe和Ni元素的存在。这些发现突出了基于co3o4的NiO/Fe2O3纳米复合材料作为高性能能源和数据存储应用的有希望的候选者的潜力。
{"title":"Eco-friendly hydrothermal synthesis of Co3O4-based NiO–Fe2O3 binary and ternary nanocomposites for electrochemical energy storage applications","authors":"Khalid Saifullah , Kamran Ullah , Najmul Hassan , Tayyaba Shireen , Salah Knani , Vineet Tirth , Ali Algahtani , Abid Zaman","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing global demand for advanced energy storage technologies necessitates the development of high-performance materials. In this study, Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-based NiO-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> binary and ternary nanocomposites were synthesized via a green hydrothermal method using banana peel extract as a sustainable reducing agent. The Phase analysis, microstructural, elemental composition, electrochemical, and magnetic properties of synthesized materials were analyzed using X-ray diffractions (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive x-rays (EDX), cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) technique. XRD analysis confirmed the coexistence of binary (NiO-Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) and ternary Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-NiO-Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> phases in the nanocomposite. The surface morphology analysis showed the presence of spherical and round-like shape. Electrochemical analysis revealed a high specific capacity of 2692 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> for the Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-NiO-Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanocomposite, significantly surpassing the binary compound. The corresponding energy densities were 391.2, 363.2, 328.2 J/mA.cm<sup>−2</sup>, with Tafel slopes of 112, 129, and 118 mV/dec, respectively. The VSM results indicated retentivity values of 1.49, 2.53, and 1.03 emu/g for NiO/Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, and Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/NiO/Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanocomposite. The energy dispersive x-rays (EDX) spectroscopy confirmed the presence of Co, O, Fe, and Ni elements. These findings highlight the potential of Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-based NiO/Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanocomposites as promising candidates for high performance energy and data storage applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 108035"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144892265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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