Pub Date : 2025-10-24DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108063
Yiting Wang , Yu Huang , Lingling Zhu , Xunyu Xu , Bin Qiu , Yuqing Chen , Qianshun Chen
Cystatin C (CysC) is gaining prominence as a pivotal biomarker for evaluating gestational diabetes mellitus, a condition with profound implications for both maternal and fetal well-being. Herein, a facile and sensitive label-free electrochemical immunosensor for Cys-C was developed utilizing a modified electrode based on Ti₃C₂Tₓ MXene nanoribbons (TiC NRs) decorated with gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) (TiC NRs/Au) nanohybrids. Comprehensive characterization of the TiC NRs/Au hybrids was performed using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and electrochemical techniques. The Cys-C specific aptamer (Apt) was immobilized onto the modified electrode surface via the formation of the AuS bonds between the Au NPs and the thiolated Apt. Potassium ferrocyanide (K₄[Fe (CN)₆]) served as the electrochemical signal probe; binding of Cys-C to the immobilized Apt resulted in a measurable suppression of this probe's signal, thereby enabling target quantification. Following optimization of key assay parameters, the immunosensor demonstrated a broad linear detection range spanning 0.3 to 800 ng/mL and achieved a remarkably low detection limit of 0.1 ng/mL for CysC, underscoring the significant clinical diagnostic potential of this novel sensing strategy.
{"title":"Label-free electrochemical immunosensing of cystatin C base on aptamer/gold/MXene nanoribbons","authors":"Yiting Wang , Yu Huang , Lingling Zhu , Xunyu Xu , Bin Qiu , Yuqing Chen , Qianshun Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108063","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108063","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cystatin C (Cys<img>C) is gaining prominence as a pivotal biomarker for evaluating gestational diabetes mellitus, a condition with profound implications for both maternal and fetal well-being. Herein, a facile and sensitive label-free electrochemical immunosensor for Cys-C was developed utilizing a modified electrode based on Ti₃C₂Tₓ MXene nanoribbons (TiC NRs) decorated with gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) (TiC NRs/Au) nanohybrids. Comprehensive characterization of the TiC NRs/Au hybrids was performed using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and electrochemical techniques. The Cys-C specific aptamer (Apt) was immobilized onto the modified electrode surface via the formation of the Au<img>S bonds between the Au NPs and the thiolated Apt. Potassium ferrocyanide (K₄[Fe (CN)₆]) served as the electrochemical signal probe; binding of Cys-C to the immobilized Apt resulted in a measurable suppression of this probe's signal, thereby enabling target quantification. Following optimization of key assay parameters, the immunosensor demonstrated a broad linear detection range spanning 0.3 to 800 ng/mL and achieved a remarkably low detection limit of 0.1 ng/mL for Cys<img>C, underscoring the significant clinical diagnostic potential of this novel sensing strategy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 108063"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145463721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-22DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108064
Morgan P. Milner , Stanislav V. Sokolov , Richard G. Compton
Amperometric biosensors of different designs are often reported as having a logarithmic dependency on the target concentration. This paper provides a physicochemical basis for this behaviour if the adsorption of the analyte follows the Temkin Adsorption Isotherm over the range of concentrations of interest either by directly controlling the amount adsorbed or indirectly via the effect on the electrochemical rate constant.
{"title":"Amperometric biosensors: Why might the response show a logarithmic dependence on analyte concentration?","authors":"Morgan P. Milner , Stanislav V. Sokolov , Richard G. Compton","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108064","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108064","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amperometric biosensors of different designs are often reported as having a logarithmic dependency on the target concentration. This paper provides a physicochemical basis for this behaviour if the adsorption of the analyte follows the Temkin Adsorption Isotherm over the range of concentrations of interest either by directly controlling the amount adsorbed or indirectly via the effect on the electrochemical rate constant.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 108064"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145340423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108062
E. Mohammadiha, S.M. Masoudpanah, S. Alamolhoda
In this work, single-phase Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ powders were synthesized by the solution combustion route using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and/or polyvinyl pyrrolidine (PVP) as organic fuel following calcination at above 750 °C. The large Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ particles were dispersed in a carbon substrate, which was obtained by thermally decomposing the CTAB and PVP fuels as a carbon source. Furthermore, there was a carbon layer on Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ particles with an average thickness of 12 and 5 nm for CTAB and PVP, respectively. The CTAB-assisted Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃/C powders showed a higher charge storage capability, including a higher discharge specific capacity of 110 mAh g−1 at 0.1C, higher rate capability, and higher capacity retention of 99 % at 1C for 200 charge/discharge cycles. The higher electrochemical performance was attributed to the higher crystallinity, higher graphitization of the carbon layer, and lower charge transfer resistance caused by the CTAB fuel.
本文以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）和/或聚乙烯醇吡咯烷（PVP）为有机燃料，在750℃以上煅烧，采用溶液燃烧的方法合成了单相Li₃V₂（PO₄）₃粉体。将CTAB和PVP燃料作为碳源热分解得到的Li₃V₂（PO₄）₃大颗粒分散在碳基质中。此外，CTAB和PVP的Li₃V₂（PO₄）₃颗粒上有碳层，平均厚度分别为12 nm和5 nm。ctab辅助的Li₃V₂（PO₄）₃/C粉体具有较高的电荷存储能力，包括在0.1C下的放电比容量为110 mAh g−1，更高的倍率容量，在1C下200次充放电循环的容量保持率为99%。CTAB燃料具有较高的结晶度、较高的碳层石墨化程度和较低的电荷转移电阻，从而提高了电化学性能。
{"title":"Surfactant-assisted solution combustion synthesis of Li3V2(PO4)3/C cathode material for lithium-ion battery","authors":"E. Mohammadiha, S.M. Masoudpanah, S. Alamolhoda","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108062","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108062","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, single-phase Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ powders were synthesized by the solution combustion route using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and/or polyvinyl pyrrolidine (PVP) as organic fuel following calcination at above 750 °C. The large Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ particles were dispersed in a carbon substrate, which was obtained by thermally decomposing the CTAB and PVP fuels as a carbon source. Furthermore, there was a carbon layer on Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ particles with an average thickness of 12 and 5 nm for CTAB and PVP, respectively. The CTAB-assisted Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃/C powders showed a higher charge storage capability, including a higher discharge specific capacity of 110 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> at 0.1C, higher rate capability, and higher capacity retention of 99 % at 1C for 200 charge/discharge cycles. The higher electrochemical performance was attributed to the higher crystallinity, higher graphitization of the carbon layer, and lower charge transfer resistance caused by the CTAB fuel.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 108062"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145320649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-02DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108052
Tengfei Long, Yun Guo
This study investigates aging mechanisms in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) under high rate conditions using an electrochemical-thermal-mechanical (ETM) coupling model with temperature-radius stratification. Focusing on solid electrolyte interface (SEI) formation, thermal dynamics, and diffusion-induced stress (DIS), we reveal that increasing C-rates significantly elevate heat generation, reducing electrode thermal stability and accelerating positive electrode degradation. High-rate cycling intensifies SEI uneven distribution and concentration, hastening capacity loss. Prolonged cycling shows greater von Mises stress in positive electrodes (tensile deformation) versus negative electrodes (compressive deformation), with lower available lithium-ion concentration in positives. Cut-off voltage analysis demonstrates that reducing charging voltage or increasing discharging voltage mitigates capacity loss, with positive electrodes more sensitive to discharge voltage and negatives to charge voltage. Our temperature-radius stratified model provides precise analysis of fast-charging aging mechanisms, offering theoretical support for optimized battery design and operation strategies. Future work should address SEI film dynamics, lithium plating, and internal gas generation for comprehensive aging understanding.
{"title":"Research on the temperature radius stratification model based on electrochemical-thermal-force coupling in Lithium-ion batteries","authors":"Tengfei Long, Yun Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates aging mechanisms in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) under high rate conditions using an electrochemical-thermal-mechanical (ETM) coupling model with temperature-radius stratification. Focusing on solid electrolyte interface (SEI) formation, thermal dynamics, and diffusion-induced stress (DIS), we reveal that increasing C-rates significantly elevate heat generation, reducing electrode thermal stability and accelerating positive electrode degradation. High-rate cycling intensifies SEI uneven distribution and concentration, hastening capacity loss. Prolonged cycling shows greater von Mises stress in positive electrodes (tensile deformation) versus negative electrodes (compressive deformation), with lower available lithium-ion concentration in positives. Cut-off voltage analysis demonstrates that reducing charging voltage or increasing discharging voltage mitigates capacity loss, with positive electrodes more sensitive to discharge voltage and negatives to charge voltage. Our temperature-radius stratified model provides precise analysis of fast-charging aging mechanisms, offering theoretical support for optimized battery design and operation strategies. Future work should address SEI film dynamics, lithium plating, and internal gas generation for comprehensive aging understanding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 108052"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145263014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-30DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108054
Sreya Babu Nambiar , Barbara Daffos , Julie Segalini , Patrice Simon , Pierre-Louis Taberna
In this work, we aim to explore the synergetic influence of the functionalization of the carbon electrode and that of the electrolyte pH on the charge storage mechanism by utilizing the technique of EQCM (Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance). A comparative analysis has been carried out on YP50 and o-YP50 (carbon with oxygen functionalities), which revealed crucial differences in the evolution of ionic contribution to charge storage under varying pH. A progression from anionic to cationic mechanism was observed with an increase in pH, depending on the isoelectric point of the carbon under study. A combination of TPD-MS (Temperature Programmed Desorption Mass Spectrometry) and EQCM was used to probe pH-dependent surface transformations occurring on the functionalized and non-functionalized carbon electrode during electrochemical cycling. The electrolyte pH governs the protonation state of the surface functional groups, which influences the charge on the electrode and hence the mechanism of charge storage.
{"title":"Probing the role of isoelectric point in charge storage mechanisms of functionalized carbon by electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM)","authors":"Sreya Babu Nambiar , Barbara Daffos , Julie Segalini , Patrice Simon , Pierre-Louis Taberna","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, we aim to explore the synergetic influence of the functionalization of the carbon electrode and that of the electrolyte pH on the charge storage mechanism by utilizing the technique of EQCM (Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance). A comparative analysis has been carried out on YP50 and o-YP50 (carbon with oxygen functionalities), which revealed crucial differences in the evolution of ionic contribution to charge storage under varying pH. A progression from anionic to cationic mechanism was observed with an increase in pH, depending on the isoelectric point of the carbon under study. A combination of TPD-MS (Temperature Programmed Desorption Mass Spectrometry) and EQCM was used to probe pH-dependent surface transformations occurring on the functionalized and non-functionalized carbon electrode during electrochemical cycling. The electrolyte pH governs the protonation state of the surface functional groups, which influences the charge on the electrode and hence the mechanism of charge storage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 108054"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145263015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-27DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108061
Ramaraj Sukanya , Raj Karthik , Abdullah Al Mahmud , Eithne Dempsey , Deivasigamani Ranjith Kumar , Carmel B. Breslin , Jae-Jin Shim
To support clean hydrogen energy, we present a niobium-doped molybdenum diselenide integrated with nickel telluride (Nb-MoSe2–NiTe) heterostructure as an efficient electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in acidic media. Nb-doping modulates the electronic structure of MoSe2, while NiTe contributes to enhanced conductivity and introduces additional active interfacial sites. Structural and surface characterizations confirm successful doping and heterostructure formation. The optimized Nb-MoSe2–NiTe composition achieves a low overpotential of 395 mV at 50 mA/cm2 and a Tafel slope of 242 mV/dec, along with a high ECSA of 377.5 cm2. These enhancements result from synergistic interactions that promote charge transfer and hydrogen adsorption. The Nb-MoSe2–NiTe offers a promising platform for cost-effective HER catalysis, demonstrating a rational strategy that integrates electronic and interfacial engineering for sustainable hydrogen production.
{"title":"Synergistic interface of Nb-doped MoSe2 and NiTe heterostructure enables efficient electrocatalysis for hydrogen evolution","authors":"Ramaraj Sukanya , Raj Karthik , Abdullah Al Mahmud , Eithne Dempsey , Deivasigamani Ranjith Kumar , Carmel B. Breslin , Jae-Jin Shim","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108061","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108061","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To support clean hydrogen energy, we present a niobium-doped molybdenum diselenide integrated with nickel telluride (Nb-MoSe<sub>2</sub>–NiTe) heterostructure as an efficient electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in acidic media. Nb-doping modulates the electronic structure of MoSe<sub>2</sub>, while NiTe contributes to enhanced conductivity and introduces additional active interfacial sites. Structural and surface characterizations confirm successful doping and heterostructure formation. The optimized Nb-MoSe<sub>2</sub>–NiTe composition achieves a low overpotential of 395 mV at 50 mA/cm<sup>2</sup> and a Tafel slope of 242 mV/dec, along with a high ECSA of 377.5 cm<sup>2</sup>. These enhancements result from synergistic interactions that promote charge transfer and hydrogen adsorption. The Nb-MoSe<sub>2</sub>–NiTe offers a promising platform for cost-effective HER catalysis, demonstrating a rational strategy that integrates electronic and interfacial engineering for sustainable hydrogen production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 108061"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) represent a promising clean energy technology due to their high efficiency and fuel flexibility; however, accurate estimation of internal electrochemical parameters remains critical for achieving reliable system performance under diverse operating conditions. Traditional parameter identification methods often face challenges such as slow convergence, premature optimization stagnation, and computational inefficiency, especially when dealing with high-dimensional, nonlinear SOFC models. To overcome these issues, this study proposes a Surrogate-Assisted Differential Evolution with Multi-Sampling Mechanism (SADE-MSM) algorithm, integrating surrogate modeling, centroid sampling, global prescreening, and adaptive local search strategies to optimize SOFC parameters efficiently while minimizing expensive real function evaluations. The SADE-MSM approach was validated through extensive experimental studies involving ten different SOFC operational cases across varied temperatures and pressures, and its performance was benchmarked against nine leading metaheuristic algorithms. Results show that SADE-MSM consistently achieved the lowest mean squared error (MSE), fastest convergence rates, and highest robustness, outperforming all comparative methods in both accuracy and computational cost. Theoretically, these findings validate the effectiveness of hybrid surrogate-assisted evolutionary frameworks for complex multimodal optimization problems, while practically they demonstrate that SADE-MSM enables real-time SOFC parameter estimation suitable for applications in microgrids, hybrid renewable systems, and predictive control platforms. Readers benefit from a robust, efficient methodology that enhances SOFC modeling and operational reliability, while future work aims to extend SADE-MSM to fully dynamic, online optimization scenarios under real-world uncertainties such as system aging, transient loads, and sensor noise.
{"title":"High accuracy parameter estimation of solid oxide fuel cells using a surrogate assisted differential evolution with multi sampling mechanism","authors":"Anil Parmar , Mohammad Aljaidi , Sanjeev Maheshwari , Arpita , Pradeep Jangir , Reena Jangid , Sandeep Kumar , Gaurav Kumar , Richa Rani , Mohammad Khishe","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108060","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108060","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) represent a promising clean energy technology due to their high efficiency and fuel flexibility; however, accurate estimation of internal electrochemical parameters remains critical for achieving reliable system performance under diverse operating conditions. Traditional parameter identification methods often face challenges such as slow convergence, premature optimization stagnation, and computational inefficiency, especially when dealing with high-dimensional, nonlinear SOFC models. To overcome these issues, this study proposes a Surrogate-Assisted Differential Evolution with Multi-Sampling Mechanism (SADE-MSM) algorithm, integrating surrogate modeling, centroid sampling, global prescreening, and adaptive local search strategies to optimize SOFC parameters efficiently while minimizing expensive real function evaluations. The SADE-MSM approach was validated through extensive experimental studies involving ten different SOFC operational cases across varied temperatures and pressures, and its performance was benchmarked against nine leading metaheuristic algorithms. Results show that SADE-MSM consistently achieved the lowest mean squared error (MSE), fastest convergence rates, and highest robustness, outperforming all comparative methods in both accuracy and computational cost. Theoretically, these findings validate the effectiveness of hybrid surrogate-assisted evolutionary frameworks for complex multimodal optimization problems, while practically they demonstrate that SADE-MSM enables real-time SOFC parameter estimation suitable for applications in microgrids, hybrid renewable systems, and predictive control platforms. Readers benefit from a robust, efficient methodology that enhances SOFC modeling and operational reliability, while future work aims to extend SADE-MSM to fully dynamic, online optimization scenarios under real-world uncertainties such as system aging, transient loads, and sensor noise.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 108060"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145320540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-25DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108057
Muhammad Yasin , Nisar Khan , Muhammad Murad , Kashif Ali , Zonish Zeb , Shandana Saleem , Zafran Ullah
Platinum (Pt) based electrocatalysts remain the gold standard for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in acidic environments due to their optimal hydrogen adsorption-free energy (ΔGH⁎ ≈ 0), high electrical conductivity, and superior chemical stability. However, the scarcity and high cost of Pt necessitate innovative strategies to reduce Pt loading while enhancing catalytic efficiency and long-term durability. This review systematically presents the recent advancements in Pt-based HER electrocatalysts, emphasizing mechanistic insights across the Volmer, Heyrovsky, and Tafel steps, and explores the influence of Pt’s electronic structure and nanostructuring on HER kinetics. Strategies such as alloying with transition metals (e.g., Ni, Co, Zn), developing single-atom catalysts (SACs), and engineering hybrid systems with supports like MXenes, graphene aerogels, and metal carbides are discussed in detail. These approaches optimize active site exposure, electronic modulation, and catalyst-support interactions to achieve high turnover frequencies, low overpotentials, and enhanced electrochemical stability under industrially relevant conditions. The review further highlights key performance indicators such as Tafel slope, mass activity, TOF, and stability, along with advanced synthesis methods, including atomic layer deposition and microwave-assisted reduction. Finally, current challenges in scalability, degradation resistance, and cost-performance trade-offs are evaluated, providing future directions toward sustainable, high-performance HER systems based on Pt. This comprehensive analysis aims to bridge the gap between fundamental catalyst design and practical hydrogen production technologies.
{"title":"Pt-based electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution in acidic electrolytes","authors":"Muhammad Yasin , Nisar Khan , Muhammad Murad , Kashif Ali , Zonish Zeb , Shandana Saleem , Zafran Ullah","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Platinum (Pt) based electrocatalysts remain the gold standard for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in acidic environments due to their optimal hydrogen adsorption-free energy (ΔG<sub>H⁎</sub> ≈ 0), high electrical conductivity, and superior chemical stability. However, the scarcity and high cost of Pt necessitate innovative strategies to reduce Pt loading while enhancing catalytic efficiency and long-term durability. This review systematically presents the recent advancements in Pt-based HER electrocatalysts, emphasizing mechanistic insights across the Volmer, Heyrovsky, and Tafel steps, and explores the influence of Pt’s electronic structure and nanostructuring on HER kinetics. Strategies such as alloying with transition metals (e.g., Ni, Co, Zn), developing single-atom catalysts (SACs), and engineering hybrid systems with supports like MXenes, graphene aerogels, and metal carbides are discussed in detail. These approaches optimize active site exposure, electronic modulation, and catalyst-support interactions to achieve high turnover frequencies, low overpotentials, and enhanced electrochemical stability under industrially relevant conditions. The review further highlights key performance indicators such as Tafel slope, mass activity, TOF, and stability, along with advanced synthesis methods, including atomic layer deposition and microwave-assisted reduction. Finally, current challenges in scalability, degradation resistance, and cost-performance trade-offs are evaluated, providing future directions toward sustainable, high-performance HER systems based on Pt. This comprehensive analysis aims to bridge the gap between fundamental catalyst design and practical hydrogen production technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 108057"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-25DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108058
Muhammad Saleem Akhtar , Zaeem Ur Rehman , Witold Chromiński , Gabriela Komorowska , Tomasz Wejrzanowski
Transition metal sulfides have drawn a lot of interest in the field of electrochemical energy storage. However, their performance is hampered due to the stacking faults during the electrode fabrication. In this study, we report the Zn-doped Ni3S2 vertically grown 2-dimensional nanostructures on the conductive nickel foam by a one-step, rapid, energy-efficient, and cost-effective microwave-assisted method. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) analyses confirmed the morphological and phase composition as initially identified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The electrochemical investigations substantiated the boosted performance of the electrode, an impressive specific capacitance value of 1984 F g−1 and 5.95 F cm−2 at a discharge current of 3 mA cm−2. Later on, this electrode, when tested in a Swagelok cell as a positive electrode and graphene nano pellets as a negative electrode, achieved a maximum energy density of 45.5 Whkg−1 and 910 Wkg−1 power at a discharge current rate of 1 A g−1. The pseudocapacitive characteristics of this binder-free nanostructured electrode, driven by reversible redox reactions, highlight their potential for high-performance energy storage applications.
过渡金属硫化物在电化学储能领域引起了广泛的关注。然而，由于电极在制造过程中存在堆积缺陷，影响了其性能。在这项研究中，我们报道了通过一步、快速、节能和经济的微波辅助方法在导电泡沫镍上垂直生长zn掺杂Ni3S2的二维纳米结构。透射电子显微镜（TEM）和高分辨率透射电子显微镜（HR-TEM）分析证实了最初通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和x射线衍射（XRD）鉴定的形态和相组成。电化学研究证实了电极的性能提高，在放电电流为3 mA cm−2时，比电容值为1984 F g−1和5.95 F cm−2。随后，该电极在世伟洛克电池中作为正极和石墨烯纳米颗粒作为负极进行测试，在放电电流为1 ag−1的情况下，获得了45.5 Whkg−1和910 Wkg−1的最大能量密度。这种无粘结剂纳米结构电极的赝电容特性，由可逆氧化还原反应驱动，突出了它们在高性能储能应用中的潜力。
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Pub Date : 2025-09-24DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108053
Enrique H. Balaguera
Impedance spectroscopy (IS) is classically used to study the dynamical properties of electrochemical systems but now is also often accompanied by chrono-based methods and the emerging analysis tool of fractional calculus to provide timescale information. From both measurement techniques, mathematical approaches have been derived for estimating the effective capacitance by using the parameters of the ubiquitous constant phase element (CPE) in Cole impedance models. Nevertheless, there is a lack of global consensus on the ways in which capacitive properties of electrochemical materials should be assessed and reported. To address this issue, we here particularize the theoretical models developed in the most famous references of the CPE to provide numerical approximations on the total capacitance of this anomalous element through the non-parametric procedure of the distribution of relaxation times (DRT). We here draw parallels between the above-mentioned methods, indicating how one can estimate a real capacitance for the case of normal time-constant distributions. The current impulse-response function reveals that DRT and fractional calculus converge in capturing the adequate time scale to numerically estimate the total capacitive information about the electrochemical system dynamics, as well as the impedance does in the high-frequency region. Our work seeks to expand the concept of real capacitance and, in turn, provide an advanced strategy for connecting the current-controlled analytical techniques of IS, DRT and chronoamperometric experiments to clear the conscience of the electrochemistry community in the use and interpretation of CPEs.
{"title":"A full capacitive picture of the constant phase element: Estimations from impedance spectroscopy, distribution of relaxation times and fractional calculus","authors":"Enrique H. Balaguera","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.108053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Impedance spectroscopy (IS) is classically used to study the dynamical properties of electrochemical systems but now is also often accompanied by chrono-based methods and the emerging analysis tool of fractional calculus to provide timescale information. From both measurement techniques, mathematical approaches have been derived for estimating the effective capacitance by using the parameters of the ubiquitous constant phase element (CPE) in Cole impedance models. Nevertheless, there is a lack of global consensus on the ways in which capacitive properties of electrochemical materials should be assessed and reported. To address this issue, we here particularize the theoretical models developed in the most famous references of the CPE to provide numerical approximations on the total capacitance of this anomalous element through the non-parametric procedure of the distribution of relaxation times (DRT). We here draw parallels between the above-mentioned methods, indicating how one can estimate a real capacitance for the case of normal time-constant distributions. The current impulse-response function reveals that DRT and fractional calculus converge in capturing the adequate time scale to numerically estimate the total capacitive information about the electrochemical system dynamics, as well as the impedance does in the high-frequency region. Our work seeks to expand the concept of real capacitance and, in turn, provide an advanced strategy for connecting the current-controlled analytical techniques of IS, DRT and chronoamperometric experiments to clear the conscience of the electrochemistry community in the use and interpretation of CPEs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 108053"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145320650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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