Mehreen Faiza, Muhammad Usman Ali, Apsara Majeed, Aamir Abbas
The increasing number of women entering the workforce in Pakistan has led to changes in family dynamics and raised concerns about the effects of long working hours on family relations. This research study aims to investigate the effects of long working hours on family relations among working women in Pakistan. The present research study has also explored the specific challenges faced by working women in Pakistan due to their long working hours and how it affects their relationships with their families. This study employed a quantitative method research design. Quantitative data is collected through structured questionnaires from working women of healthcare professionals, education and the banking sector to gain a rich understanding of their experiences, challenges and coping mechanisms. A sample of 250 study participants is selected through a purposive sampling technique considering factors such as occupation, industry, and work hours. The data is analyzed through the statistical tool SPSS 26 and presented in descriptive and inferential statistics. The results of the study concluded that working women in Pakistan face significant challenges due to their long working hours. These challenges include time constraints, increased stress, and difficulty in fulfilling family obligations. The demanding nature of their work schedules often leads to work-family conflicts, which can strain relationships within the family.
{"title":"Effects of Long Working Hours on Family Relations: Evidences of Working Women in Pakistan","authors":"Mehreen Faiza, Muhammad Usman Ali, Apsara Majeed, Aamir Abbas","doi":"10.54183/jssr.v3i2.348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54183/jssr.v3i2.348","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing number of women entering the workforce in Pakistan has led to changes in family dynamics and raised concerns about the effects of long working hours on family relations. This research study aims to investigate the effects of long working hours on family relations among working women in Pakistan. The present research study has also explored the specific challenges faced by working women in Pakistan due to their long working hours and how it affects their relationships with their families. This study employed a quantitative method research design. Quantitative data is collected through structured questionnaires from working women of healthcare professionals, education and the banking sector to gain a rich understanding of their experiences, challenges and coping mechanisms. A sample of 250 study participants is selected through a purposive sampling technique considering factors such as occupation, industry, and work hours. The data is analyzed through the statistical tool SPSS 26 and presented in descriptive and inferential statistics. The results of the study concluded that working women in Pakistan face significant challenges due to their long working hours. These challenges include time constraints, increased stress, and difficulty in fulfilling family obligations. The demanding nature of their work schedules often leads to work-family conflicts, which can strain relationships within the family.","PeriodicalId":305127,"journal":{"name":"Spring 2023","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115196818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aqeel Khan, Bisma Akhlaq, Aftab Hussain, Yasmin Akhtar
The current study deals with the comparison of three variables among working officials, i.e. work-family conflict with psychological well-being and the quality of life of the employees. The participants of this study were officials belonging to different fields of life, such as doctors, teachers, lawyers and bankers. The sample of this study was (N=20) individuals screened out with higher levels of work-family conflicts out of the sample of (N=100) officials. Data was collected by using three scales. The level of work-family conflict was checked by administering WFC-Scale developed by Haslam et al. (2015). The level of psychological well-being was measured by using Psychological Well-being Scale developed by Ryff (1995), and the level of Quality of Life was measured by using the Quality of Life scale developed by WHO (1998). The collected data was analyzed by SPSS. The statistical analysis of the data showed that the overall level of WFC was higher among females as compared to male working officials. The quality of life was higher among males as compared with female working officials. The comparison also showed that the WFC was higher among unmarried officials, and the PW & QL was higher among married officials. Hence, the study concluded that female officials are suffering from more WFC instead of males.
本研究对工作官员的工作-家庭冲突与心理健康、员工生活质量三个变量进行比较。这项研究的参与者是来自不同生活领域的官员，如医生、教师、律师和银行家。本研究的样本是从(N=100)名官员样本中筛选出工作家庭冲突水平较高的个体(N=20)。采用三种量表收集数据。工作家庭冲突的水平通过使用Haslam et al.(2015)开发的WFC-Scale进行检验。心理健康水平采用Ryff(1995)制定的心理健康量表，生活质量水平采用WHO(1998)制定的生活质量量表。收集的数据用SPSS进行分析。对数据的统计分析表明，女性工作人员的整体工作能力水平高于男性工作人员。男性干部的生活质量高于女性干部。对比还显示，未婚官员的WFC更高，已婚官员的PW和QL更高。因此，该研究得出结论，女性官员比男性官员更容易患WFC。
{"title":"Work-Family Conflicts, Psychological Well-being and Quality of Life among Working Officials: A Comparative Study","authors":"Aqeel Khan, Bisma Akhlaq, Aftab Hussain, Yasmin Akhtar","doi":"10.54183/jssr.v3i2.285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54183/jssr.v3i2.285","url":null,"abstract":"The current study deals with the comparison of three variables among working officials, i.e. work-family conflict with psychological well-being and the quality of life of the employees. The participants of this study were officials belonging to different fields of life, such as doctors, teachers, lawyers and bankers. The sample of this study was (N=20) individuals screened out with higher levels of work-family conflicts out of the sample of (N=100) officials. Data was collected by using three scales. The level of work-family conflict was checked by administering WFC-Scale developed by Haslam et al. (2015). The level of psychological well-being was measured by using Psychological Well-being Scale developed by Ryff (1995), and the level of Quality of Life was measured by using the Quality of Life scale developed by WHO (1998). The collected data was analyzed by SPSS. The statistical analysis of the data showed that the overall level of WFC was higher among females as compared to male working officials. The quality of life was higher among males as compared with female working officials. The comparison also showed that the WFC was higher among unmarried officials, and the PW & QL was higher among married officials. Hence, the study concluded that female officials are suffering from more WFC instead of males.","PeriodicalId":305127,"journal":{"name":"Spring 2023","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127213051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Irum Tahira, T. Sultan, Muqadas Javeed, Afzaal Afzal
In recent decades, there is a significant increase in divorce rates throughout the world and particularly in poor and developing countries like Pakistan. In Pakistani society due to patriarchy, socio-cultural and religious reasons divorce is considered a taboo, which creates many long-lasting distresses for women in their social adjustment after the divorce. Therefore, the Social adjustment of divorced women is a social problem that raises many social and cultural questions in Pakistani society. The study is an attempt to find out the causes of divorce and to explore the social adjustment of divorced women in Pakistani society. Moreover, the influence of divorce on the personal lives of women and families is also comprehended. For this exploratory research snowball, a sampling technique is used to approach the respondents. In-depth interviews are conducted to collect the data. The thematic analysis is used to explore the phenomena. This research provides valuable insights into the reasons for divorce and the challenges faced by divorced women in their social adjustment in Pakistan. The research highlights the importance of societal support, acceptance and the socio-economic factors leading to divorce. Addressing the mentioned factors can promote healthier relationships and well-being among families.
{"title":"Social Adjustment of Divorced Women: A Study of District Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan","authors":"Irum Tahira, T. Sultan, Muqadas Javeed, Afzaal Afzal","doi":"10.54183/jssr.v3i2.330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54183/jssr.v3i2.330","url":null,"abstract":"In recent decades, there is a significant increase in divorce rates throughout the world and particularly in poor and developing countries like Pakistan. In Pakistani society due to patriarchy, socio-cultural and religious reasons divorce is considered a taboo, which creates many long-lasting distresses for women in their social adjustment after the divorce. Therefore, the Social adjustment of divorced women is a social problem that raises many social and cultural questions in Pakistani society. The study is an attempt to find out the causes of divorce and to explore the social adjustment of divorced women in Pakistani society. Moreover, the influence of divorce on the personal lives of women and families is also comprehended. For this exploratory research snowball, a sampling technique is used to approach the respondents. In-depth interviews are conducted to collect the data. The thematic analysis is used to explore the phenomena. This research provides valuable insights into the reasons for divorce and the challenges faced by divorced women in their social adjustment in Pakistan. The research highlights the importance of societal support, acceptance and the socio-economic factors leading to divorce. Addressing the mentioned factors can promote healthier relationships and well-being among families.","PeriodicalId":305127,"journal":{"name":"Spring 2023","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125566983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amada, Humera Omer Farooq, Naveed Ahmad Taseer, Muhammad Sameer Arshad, Aneeza Khalid
Online learning is one way for students to get the knowledge they need. Most schools around the world have switched to online learning, which means that students don't see each other as much. This study analyzed how these factors were associated with and impacted each other. a quantitative approach to gathering data and analysing the effectiveness of online learning platforms. A cross-sectional study design is used to collect data at a specific point in time. The sample consisted of 500 university students who have experienced remote education through online learning platforms. The sampling technique combination of convenience sampling and stratified random sampling. The primary data collection method was a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was designed to gather information about students' perceptions and experiences with online learning platforms. The questionnaire was developed based on a review of the existing literature on online learning effectiveness The test results indicated that all the variables had a positive effect on the effectiveness of online learning. This showed that the more effective online learning was, the more benefits and positive outcomes the student experienced. The result of this research showed that learning objectives could enable universities to increase the effectiveness of students' online learning by motivating students to join online classes and developing appropriate learning strategies for their individual needs.
{"title":"Evaluate the Effectiveness of Online Learning Platforms in Facilitating Remote Education","authors":"Amada, Humera Omer Farooq, Naveed Ahmad Taseer, Muhammad Sameer Arshad, Aneeza Khalid","doi":"10.54183/jssr.v3i2.341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54183/jssr.v3i2.341","url":null,"abstract":"Online learning is one way for students to get the knowledge they need. Most schools around the world have switched to online learning, which means that students don't see each other as much. This study analyzed how these factors were associated with and impacted each other. a quantitative approach to gathering data and analysing the effectiveness of online learning platforms. A cross-sectional study design is used to collect data at a specific point in time. The sample consisted of 500 university students who have experienced remote education through online learning platforms. The sampling technique combination of convenience sampling and stratified random sampling. The primary data collection method was a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was designed to gather information about students' perceptions and experiences with online learning platforms. The questionnaire was developed based on a review of the existing literature on online learning effectiveness The test results indicated that all the variables had a positive effect on the effectiveness of online learning. This showed that the more effective online learning was, the more benefits and positive outcomes the student experienced. The result of this research showed that learning objectives could enable universities to increase the effectiveness of students' online learning by motivating students to join online classes and developing appropriate learning strategies for their individual needs.","PeriodicalId":305127,"journal":{"name":"Spring 2023","volume":"135 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125733679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Qisas and Diyat is product of Islamic jurisprudence. The laws in Pakistan with distinct applicability of conceptual approach of Qisas and Diyat laws in trails are inadequately address the purposes of criminal justice along with consequences of vast judicial dircretion in Qisas and Diyat cases will not serving the purpose of administering justice. The Holy Quran hasn’t provided dictionary definition of justice, but it establishes conceptual approach to the principle of equilibrium, parity, righteous, proper assessing, veracity, individual capacity and progress and the accepted mandate. The key form of justice is the egalitarianism of human personalities being valued as Human beings, evidently indicated in the Holy injunctions of and even stressed in the last Holy Sermon of (PBUH). The Qisas and Diyat is product of Islamic jurisprudence. The laws in Pakistan with distinct applicability of conceptual approach of Qisas and Diyat laws in trails are inadequately addressed the purposes of criminal justice along with consequences of vast judicial discretion in Qisas and Diyat cases will not serve the purpose of administering justice. The Holy Quran hasn’t provided a dictionary definition of justice, but it establishes a conceptual approach to the principle of equilibrium, parity, righteousness, proper assessing, veracity, individual capacity and progress and the accepted mandate. The key form of justice is the egalitarianism of human personalities being valued as Human beings, evidently indicated in the Holy injunctions of and even stressed in the last Holy Sermon of (PBUH). The Qisas and Diyat laws, as pooled in Pakistan Penal Code, 1860, have not been argued and debated adequately and hence contain imperfections, tend to bring imbalance and introduce crimes like violence against women, vani, swara etc. The aim of the analysis is to address the shortcomings and loopholes prevailing in the criminal justice system by advancing solutions and concept clarity related to the institution of aqilah.
{"title":"An Analysis of Qisas and Diyat Laws, Inadequately Encompassed the Islamic Gist as Fused in Judicial System of Pakistan","authors":"Johar Wajahat, Hira Shahjehan, R. Ali","doi":"10.54183/jssr.v3i2.287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54183/jssr.v3i2.287","url":null,"abstract":"The Qisas and Diyat is product of Islamic jurisprudence. The laws in Pakistan with distinct applicability of conceptual approach of Qisas and Diyat laws in trails are inadequately address the purposes of criminal justice along with consequences of vast judicial dircretion in Qisas and Diyat cases will not serving the purpose of administering justice. The Holy Quran hasn’t provided dictionary definition of justice, but it establishes conceptual approach to the principle of equilibrium, parity, righteous, proper assessing, veracity, individual capacity and progress and the accepted mandate. The key form of justice is the egalitarianism of human personalities being valued as Human beings, evidently indicated in the Holy injunctions of and even stressed in the last Holy Sermon of (PBUH).\u0000\u0000The Qisas and Diyat is product of Islamic jurisprudence. The laws in Pakistan with distinct applicability of conceptual approach of Qisas and Diyat laws in trails are inadequately addressed the purposes of criminal justice along with consequences of vast judicial discretion in Qisas and Diyat cases will not serve the purpose of administering justice. The Holy Quran hasn’t provided a dictionary definition of justice, but it establishes a conceptual approach to the principle of equilibrium, parity, righteousness, proper assessing, veracity, individual capacity and progress and the accepted mandate. The key form of justice is the egalitarianism of human personalities being valued as Human beings, evidently indicated in the Holy injunctions of and even stressed in the last Holy Sermon of (PBUH). The Qisas and Diyat laws, as pooled in Pakistan Penal Code, 1860, have not been argued and debated adequately and hence contain imperfections, tend to bring imbalance and introduce crimes like violence against women, vani, swara etc. The aim of the analysis is to address the shortcomings and loopholes prevailing in the criminal justice system by advancing solutions and concept clarity related to the institution of aqilah.","PeriodicalId":305127,"journal":{"name":"Spring 2023","volume":"143 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134188148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study's objective is to evaluate the influences of numerous variables, including trade openness, renewable energy, and gross domestic product, on nitrous oxide emissions from 1990 to 2022. The Kao and Pedroni result demonstrates that the variables are cointegrated. This study the relationships between renewable energy, GDP, and trade openness on CO2 emission in G-7 nations. Using the Panel ARDL approach, the results show that, in the long run, there is a positive and significant correlation between GDP and trade openness on nitrous oxide emission in G-7 countries. Additionally, there is an insignificant but positive link between renewable energy and N2O emissions. Our proposal to political leaders and government officials is that they should strongly encourage foreign investors to participate in the production of clean and renewable energy, such as green energy, rather than conventional energy, in order to both support the activities of our economy and promote environmental stability. The government has to impose rigorous environmental laws and regulations, as well as come up with incentives for people to follow those policies, in order to enhance the overall quality of the environment.
{"title":"Renewable Energy, Trade and Economic Growth on Nitrous Oxide Emission in G-7 Countries Using Panel ARDL Approach","authors":"","doi":"10.54183/jssr.v3i2.219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54183/jssr.v3i2.219","url":null,"abstract":"This study's objective is to evaluate the influences of numerous variables, including trade openness, renewable energy, and gross domestic product, on nitrous oxide emissions from 1990 to 2022. The Kao and Pedroni result demonstrates that the variables are cointegrated. This study the relationships between renewable energy, GDP, and trade openness on CO2 emission in G-7 nations. Using the Panel ARDL approach, the results show that, in the long run, there is a positive and significant correlation between GDP and trade openness on nitrous oxide emission in G-7 countries. Additionally, there is an insignificant but positive link between renewable energy and N2O emissions. Our proposal to political leaders and government officials is that they should strongly encourage foreign investors to participate in the production of clean and renewable energy, such as green energy, rather than conventional energy, in order to both support the activities of our economy and promote environmental stability. The government has to impose rigorous environmental laws and regulations, as well as come up with incentives for people to follow those policies, in order to enhance the overall quality of the environment.","PeriodicalId":305127,"journal":{"name":"Spring 2023","volume":"24 34","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113962602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anjam Zaheer Hussain, Khuwaja Hisham Ul Hassan, Farhan Akmal
The Covid-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on the mental health and well-being of individuals around the world, including special children. In Pakistan, the pandemic has exacerbated existing financial and home-bound challenges faced by special children and their families. This qualitative study aimed to examine the psychological effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on special children in Pakistan and the ways in which financial and home-bound challenges have impacted their mental health. In-depth interviews and observation were used to gather data from participants. The findings revealed that the pandemic has resulted in increased stress and anxiety among special children, as well as decreased access to support and resources. The study highlights the importance of addressing the unique needs of special children and their families during times of crisis and provides insights into the strategies and support that can be implemented to mitigate the negative impacts of financial and home-bound challenges on their mental health. The results of this study contribute to the ongoing conversation about the impact of the pandemic on vulnerable populations and the need for targeted support during crisis situations.
{"title":"A Qualitative Study of the Psychological Effects of Covid-19 on Special Children of Pakistan: Examining the Impact of Financial and Home-Bound Challenges","authors":"Anjam Zaheer Hussain, Khuwaja Hisham Ul Hassan, Farhan Akmal","doi":"10.54183/jssr.v3i2.229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54183/jssr.v3i2.229","url":null,"abstract":"The Covid-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on the mental health and well-being of individuals around the world, including special children. In Pakistan, the pandemic has exacerbated existing financial and home-bound challenges faced by special children and their families. This qualitative study aimed to examine the psychological effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on special children in Pakistan and the ways in which financial and home-bound challenges have impacted their mental health. In-depth interviews and observation were used to gather data from participants. The findings revealed that the pandemic has resulted in increased stress and anxiety among special children, as well as decreased access to support and resources. The study highlights the importance of addressing the unique needs of special children and their families during times of crisis and provides insights into the strategies and support that can be implemented to mitigate the negative impacts of financial and home-bound challenges on their mental health. The results of this study contribute to the ongoing conversation about the impact of the pandemic on vulnerable populations and the need for targeted support during crisis situations.","PeriodicalId":305127,"journal":{"name":"Spring 2023","volume":"19 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132246913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article aims to explore the lived experiences of six women leaders and their leadership practices for improving institutional performance at the university level. The article explains how authenticity in leadership attributes influences team effectiveness and institutional performance. The qualitative approach was adopted for this article. The population of the article was all university women leaders of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The Sample was chosen from HoDs at the University of Swat. Data were collected from 06 university women leaders through in-depth interviews. A purposive sampling technique was adopted to approach the participants. Obtained results prove that university women leaders significantly improve institutional performance through their authentic leadership practices. Moreover, findings suggest that authenticity plays an imperative role in the improvement of team effectiveness.
{"title":"University Women Leadership and Institutional Performance-Team Effectiveness: The Moderating Effect of Authenticity in Leadership","authors":"Mehnaz Begum, Abdul Ghaffar, M. Idris","doi":"10.54183/jssr.v3i2.299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54183/jssr.v3i2.299","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to explore the lived experiences of six women leaders and their leadership practices for improving institutional performance at the university level. The article explains how authenticity in leadership attributes influences team effectiveness and institutional performance. The qualitative approach was adopted for this article. The population of the article was all university women leaders of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The Sample was chosen from HoDs at the University of Swat. Data were collected from 06 university women leaders through in-depth interviews. A purposive sampling technique was adopted to approach the participants. Obtained results prove that university women leaders significantly improve institutional performance through their authentic leadership practices. Moreover, findings suggest that authenticity plays an imperative role in the improvement of team effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":305127,"journal":{"name":"Spring 2023","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124919897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The topic of this literature review article is "ECCE Policy and Practice in Baluchistan". The article aims to critically analyze the existing policy framework and ECCE practices in Baluchistan and identify improvement opportunities. It provides recommendations and strategies for increasing parental and community involvement in ECCE programs. Overall, the article aims to provide insights and recommendations for improving the quality of ECCE services in Baluchistan based on a thorough review and analysis of existing literature. It involves conducting a comprehensive search for relevant literature on ECCE policy and practice in Baluchistan, evaluating the quality and credibility of the sources, synthesizing the information, and identifying common themes, issues, and challenges related to the topic. The review and analysis of existing literature also involve analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of the existing policy framework and ECCE practices in Baluchistan, evaluating the impact of ECCE services on child development and future education, and providing recommendations and strategies for improving the quality of ECCE services in Baluchistan based on the findings from the literature review. Overall, the review and analysis of existing literature is a crucial aspect of this article as it provides a comprehensive understanding of ECCE policy and practice in Baluchistan and informs recommendations for improvement.
{"title":"An Evaluation of Early Childhood Education at Provincial Level: Policies, Practices, Issues, and Challenges in Baluchistan","authors":"Shazia Hameed, Naeem Akhtar","doi":"10.54183/jssr.v3i2.301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54183/jssr.v3i2.301","url":null,"abstract":"The topic of this literature review article is \"ECCE Policy and Practice in Baluchistan\". The article aims to critically analyze the existing policy framework and ECCE practices in Baluchistan and identify improvement opportunities. It provides recommendations and strategies for increasing parental and community involvement in ECCE programs. Overall, the article aims to provide insights and recommendations for improving the quality of ECCE services in Baluchistan based on a thorough review and analysis of existing literature. It involves conducting a comprehensive search for relevant literature on ECCE policy and practice in Baluchistan, evaluating the quality and credibility of the sources, synthesizing the information, and identifying common themes, issues, and challenges related to the topic. The review and analysis of existing literature also involve analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of the existing policy framework and ECCE practices in Baluchistan, evaluating the impact of ECCE services on child development and future education, and providing recommendations and strategies for improving the quality of ECCE services in Baluchistan based on the findings from the literature review. Overall, the review and analysis of existing literature is a crucial aspect of this article as it provides a comprehensive understanding of ECCE policy and practice in Baluchistan and informs recommendations for improvement.","PeriodicalId":305127,"journal":{"name":"Spring 2023","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124838403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper intends to examine public secondary school head teachers competencies and their influence on teacher’s instructional decisions as well the overall school culture. This research paper endeavor to unravel secondary school principal’s managerial competencies and their influence on the performance of secondary school principals and such influence will help to stimulate and transform sophisticated school environment that will make strengthen student’s cognitive, affective as well psychomotor domains. Current study will cover following objective: “To determine the effectiveness of head teacher’s managerial skills on teacher’s academic performance at secondary school level”. Research design utilized for this study is of descriptive qualitative nature. Respondents of the study were secondary school principals/head Masters and secondary school teachers. Population of this research composed of all the 83 females’ secondary and 37 higher secondary schools. Sample of the study extracted from the population were 60 principals/ head masters and 120 secondary school teachers. Through proper consultation the researchers developed data collection instrument titled: “Principals’ Managerial Skills Scale”. Mean, Standard deviation was employed as a statistical data analysis tools. Data analysis was followed by conclusion to render realistic recommendations for the establishment of sophisticated school management.
{"title":"Effectiveness of Female Head Teachers Managerial Skills in Improving Teachers Performance","authors":"","doi":"10.54183/ssr.v3i2.238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54183/ssr.v3i2.238","url":null,"abstract":"This paper intends to examine public secondary school head teachers competencies and their influence on teacher’s instructional decisions as well the overall school culture. This research paper endeavor to unravel secondary school principal’s managerial competencies and their influence on the performance of secondary school principals and such influence will help to stimulate and transform sophisticated school environment that will make strengthen student’s cognitive, affective as well psychomotor domains. Current study will cover following objective: “To determine the effectiveness of head teacher’s managerial skills on teacher’s academic performance at secondary school level”. Research design utilized for this study is of descriptive qualitative nature. Respondents of the study were secondary school principals/head Masters and secondary school teachers. Population of this research composed of all the 83 females’ secondary and 37 higher secondary schools. Sample of the study extracted from the population were 60 principals/ head masters and 120 secondary school teachers. Through proper consultation the researchers developed data collection instrument titled: “Principals’ Managerial Skills Scale”. Mean, Standard deviation was employed as a statistical data analysis tools. Data analysis was followed by conclusion to render realistic recommendations for the establishment of sophisticated school management.","PeriodicalId":305127,"journal":{"name":"Spring 2023","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130084032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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