Pub Date : 2023-08-21DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.45217
Analyn Cinco Moniño, Roger Yatan Ibañez Jr., Primitivo Diaz Moniño Jr.
This study investigated the effects of locally-made probiotics on the performance of Kabir and Starbro broilers. The birds were randomly assigned to four treatments, and their body weight, weight development, feed consumption, feed conversion efficiency, dressing percentage, livability rates, and income over feed and chick cost were measured. The results showed a significant interaction between the breed of chicken and the type of probiotics after 21 days of feeding in terms of body weight, body weight gain, feed consumption, and feed conversion efficiency. However, no significant interaction was observed at 35 days of feeding. The use of locally produced probiotics in drinking water improved the dressing percentage of both breeds of chicken, overall body weight gain, and overall feed consumption compared to the control group. Livability rates were not significantly affected by the inclusion of different locally-made probiotics in drinking water. Net income per chicken was marginally higher for the chickens fed with locally produced probiotics. Further studies are recommended to assess the benefits of locally-produced probiotics in laying chicken and other types of livestock and poultry. These findings provide insights into the potential application of locally-made probiotics as an alternative to commercial products for improving chicken performance.
{"title":"Effects Of Locally-Made Probiotics on Drinking Water on the Performance of Chickens","authors":"Analyn Cinco Moniño, Roger Yatan Ibañez Jr., Primitivo Diaz Moniño Jr.","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.45217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.45217","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the effects of locally-made probiotics on the performance of Kabir and Starbro broilers. The birds were randomly assigned to four treatments, and their body weight, weight development, feed consumption, feed conversion efficiency, dressing percentage, livability rates, and income over feed and chick cost were measured. The results showed a significant interaction between the breed of chicken and the type of probiotics after 21 days of feeding in terms of body weight, body weight gain, feed consumption, and feed conversion efficiency. However, no significant interaction was observed at 35 days of feeding. The use of locally produced probiotics in drinking water improved the dressing percentage of both breeds of chicken, overall body weight gain, and overall feed consumption compared to the control group. Livability rates were not significantly affected by the inclusion of different locally-made probiotics in drinking water. Net income per chicken was marginally higher for the chickens fed with locally produced probiotics. Further studies are recommended to assess the benefits of locally-produced probiotics in laying chicken and other types of livestock and poultry. These findings provide insights into the potential application of locally-made probiotics as an alternative to commercial products for improving chicken performance.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135875904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-16DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.42994
Mohamad Haikal K. Djafar, Margaretha Solang, Marini Susanti Hamidun, Aryati Abdul, Syam S. Kumaji, La Nane
Sea urchins Diademasetosum can be found in shallow waters. Sea urchin gonads are nutritionally valuable and capable of accumulating heavy metals. This study aims to determine the moisture content, ash, protein, fat, carbohydrate, Pb, Cd metal content and determine the Maximum Tolerable Intake (MTI) of sea urchin D. setosum gonads. Gonad samples were obtained from three coasts of Huangobotu, Botubarani and Kurenai, Kabila Bone Sub-district, Bone Bolango Regency, using a purposive sampling technique. Gonads were analyzed proximate, including moisture, ash, protein, fat and carbohydrate content. Analysis of Pb and Cd levels using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results were analyzed statistically using One-Way ANOVA Test. The results showed that the average moisture, ash, protein, fat, and carbohydrate content of gonads on the coast of Huangobotu, Botubarani, and Kurenai were significantly different (p0.005); moisture content 71.91%, 75.04%, 78.51%; ash content 1.88%, 1.15%, 2.76%; protein content 9.90%, 12.81%, 15.53%; fat content 7.33%, 3.05%, 4.84%; carbohydrate content 2.35%, 7.92%, 4.93%. Pb levels were significantly different (p0.005) 0.063 mg/kg, 0.039 mg/kg, and 0.018 mg/kg, respectively; Cd levels were not significantly different (p0.005) 0.020 mg/kg, 0.012 mg/kg, 0.014 mg/kg respectively. MTI Pb adults 23.8kg, 38.4kg, 83.3kg, children 5.9kg, 9.6kg, 20.8kg. MTI Cd adults 21kg, 35kg, 30kg, children 5.25kg, 8.75kg, 7.5kg. D. setosumhas potential as a source of protein and can be utilized as food by considering the MTI value.
{"title":"Chemical Analysis of Sea urchin Diademasetosum Gonads","authors":"Mohamad Haikal K. Djafar, Margaretha Solang, Marini Susanti Hamidun, Aryati Abdul, Syam S. Kumaji, La Nane","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.42994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.42994","url":null,"abstract":"Sea urchins Diademasetosum can be found in shallow waters. Sea urchin gonads are nutritionally valuable and capable of accumulating heavy metals. This study aims to determine the moisture content, ash, protein, fat, carbohydrate, Pb, Cd metal content and determine the Maximum Tolerable Intake (MTI) of sea urchin D. setosum gonads. Gonad samples were obtained from three coasts of Huangobotu, Botubarani and Kurenai, Kabila Bone Sub-district, Bone Bolango Regency, using a purposive sampling technique. Gonads were analyzed proximate, including moisture, ash, protein, fat and carbohydrate content. Analysis of Pb and Cd levels using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results were analyzed statistically using One-Way ANOVA Test. The results showed that the average moisture, ash, protein, fat, and carbohydrate content of gonads on the coast of Huangobotu, Botubarani, and Kurenai were significantly different (p0.005); moisture content 71.91%, 75.04%, 78.51%; ash content 1.88%, 1.15%, 2.76%; protein content 9.90%, 12.81%, 15.53%; fat content 7.33%, 3.05%, 4.84%; carbohydrate content 2.35%, 7.92%, 4.93%. Pb levels were significantly different (p0.005) 0.063 mg/kg, 0.039 mg/kg, and 0.018 mg/kg, respectively; Cd levels were not significantly different (p0.005) 0.020 mg/kg, 0.012 mg/kg, 0.014 mg/kg respectively. MTI Pb adults 23.8kg, 38.4kg, 83.3kg, children 5.9kg, 9.6kg, 20.8kg. MTI Cd adults 21kg, 35kg, 30kg, children 5.25kg, 8.75kg, 7.5kg. D. setosumhas potential as a source of protein and can be utilized as food by considering the MTI value.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135022065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-16DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.41842
Dindin Hidayatul Mursyidin, Ahmad Winarto Saputra
Information on viral genetics, including their phylogenetic relationship, is valuable in controlling viral infection and screening for the development of virus-resistant cultivars in the future. The objectives of this study were to detect and characterize the Cymbidium mosaic virus (CymMV) from the native orchids of South Kalimantan, Indonesia, by the RT-PCR method. Also, to determine their phylogenetic relationship based on a partial genome of RdRp by the ML and PCA methods. Following RT-PCR analysis, one of 10 samples of native orchids used was positively infected by CymMV. In early detection, the RdRp region of CymMV has approximately 530 bp in size. After being sequenced and aligned with other isolates, this region has 121 polymorphic or mutation sites, a GC content of 45.21%, a transition/transversion bias value of 3.52, and nucleotide diversity (0.0415). The phylogenetic analysis revealed that CymMV from South Kalimantan, Indonesia, has closest related to similar isolates from Korea Type 2 (AF016914.1), Niigata, Japan (AB197937.1), Hawaii (EF125180.1), and Taiwan M2 (EU314803.1), with the coefficient divergence of 0.025. But, it has very distantly related to Hawaii 18-1 (EF125178.1) with a coefficient of 0.142. The results provide urgent information in supporting the native orchid's conservation and breeding efforts, locally and globally, including mitigating or controlling the viral infection and screening for the development of virus-free or resistant cultivars in the future.
{"title":"Phylogenetic Relationship of Cymbidium Mosaic Virus from the Native Orchids of South Kalimantan, Indonesia","authors":"Dindin Hidayatul Mursyidin, Ahmad Winarto Saputra","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.41842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.41842","url":null,"abstract":"Information on viral genetics, including their phylogenetic relationship, is valuable in controlling viral infection and screening for the development of virus-resistant cultivars in the future. The objectives of this study were to detect and characterize the Cymbidium mosaic virus (CymMV) from the native orchids of South Kalimantan, Indonesia, by the RT-PCR method. Also, to determine their phylogenetic relationship based on a partial genome of RdRp by the ML and PCA methods. Following RT-PCR analysis, one of 10 samples of native orchids used was positively infected by CymMV. In early detection, the RdRp region of CymMV has approximately 530 bp in size. After being sequenced and aligned with other isolates, this region has 121 polymorphic or mutation sites, a GC content of 45.21%, a transition/transversion bias value of 3.52, and nucleotide diversity (0.0415). The phylogenetic analysis revealed that CymMV from South Kalimantan, Indonesia, has closest related to similar isolates from Korea Type 2 (AF016914.1), Niigata, Japan (AB197937.1), Hawaii (EF125180.1), and Taiwan M2 (EU314803.1), with the coefficient divergence of 0.025. But, it has very distantly related to Hawaii 18-1 (EF125178.1) with a coefficient of 0.142. The results provide urgent information in supporting the native orchid's conservation and breeding efforts, locally and globally, including mitigating or controlling the viral infection and screening for the development of virus-free or resistant cultivars in the future.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135022064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The productivity of pengging ducks is determined by optimizing the function of the body's organs. The feed consumed greatly determines the growth and development of the internal organs in the pengging duck. Nanochitosan is a polysaccharide that has potential as a feed additive which functions to increase feed digestibility, nutrient absorption, promote growth to help optimize the function of visceral organs. This study aims to analyze the effect of nanochitosan as a feed additive on the function of the visceral organs of pengging ducks in terms of the weight of the visceral organs. The visceral organs studied included the ventriculus, intestines, liver, pancreas, spleen, and heart. This study was designed in a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatments (0; 2.5; 5; 7.5; 10 g nanochitosan/kg feed) with 5 replications. Nanochitosan feed additive treatment was given for 8 week. Variables that were measured in this study included weight of ventriculus, intestinal, liver, pancreas, spleen, and heart of pengging ducks. The research data showed that nanochitosan as a feed additive had no significant effect on visceral weight of pengging ducks (P0.05). The conclusion of this study is that nanochitosan as a feed additive does not cause changes in the function of the visceral organs based on the indication of the weight of the visceral organs measured, namely the ventricles, intestines, liver, pancreas, spleen, and heart. The novelty of this research is the use of nanochitosan as a feed additive to improve the performance of penging ducks by maintaining the size of the visceral organs. It is hoped that the results of this research on nanochitosan feed additive can be used by local laying duck farms in Indonesia because it is safe and as an effort to improve the performance and productivity of ducks.
{"title":"Visceral Organ Weight of Pengging Duck after the Addition of Nanochitosan as Feed Additive","authors":"Khevalin Kwardoyo, Sunarno Sunarno, Siti Muflichatun Mardiati","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.41174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.41174","url":null,"abstract":"The productivity of pengging ducks is determined by optimizing the function of the body's organs. The feed consumed greatly determines the growth and development of the internal organs in the pengging duck. Nanochitosan is a polysaccharide that has potential as a feed additive which functions to increase feed digestibility, nutrient absorption, promote growth to help optimize the function of visceral organs. This study aims to analyze the effect of nanochitosan as a feed additive on the function of the visceral organs of pengging ducks in terms of the weight of the visceral organs. The visceral organs studied included the ventriculus, intestines, liver, pancreas, spleen, and heart. This study was designed in a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatments (0; 2.5; 5; 7.5; 10 g nanochitosan/kg feed) with 5 replications. Nanochitosan feed additive treatment was given for 8 week. Variables that were measured in this study included weight of ventriculus, intestinal, liver, pancreas, spleen, and heart of pengging ducks. The research data showed that nanochitosan as a feed additive had no significant effect on visceral weight of pengging ducks (P0.05). The conclusion of this study is that nanochitosan as a feed additive does not cause changes in the function of the visceral organs based on the indication of the weight of the visceral organs measured, namely the ventricles, intestines, liver, pancreas, spleen, and heart. The novelty of this research is the use of nanochitosan as a feed additive to improve the performance of penging ducks by maintaining the size of the visceral organs. It is hoped that the results of this research on nanochitosan feed additive can be used by local laying duck farms in Indonesia because it is safe and as an effort to improve the performance and productivity of ducks.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"186 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135022345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-16DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.39977
Zalfa Alfatinnisa, Wahyu Aji Mahardhika, Arina Tri Lunggani, Ivan Permana Putra
The TPKh Tenjo KPH Bogor is a production forest wood collection area and becomes a production forest for the Acacia mangium wood species. Timber harvesting activities leave a lot of tree stumps, twigs, or piles of wood that do not pass production. Environmental conditions with a lot of harvested wood residue and supported by relatively cool air temperatures and high humidity, it is suspected this area has a diversity of macroscopic fungi with various unknown potentials. This study aims to obtain data on the types of macroscopic fungi and their potential uses. The research method includes the stages of exploration, identification and literature study to obtain the potential of the macroscopic fungi found. The research succeeded in finding 8 types of macroscopic fungi classified into the phylum Basidiomycota, 3 orders, 5 families, and 7 genera. The macroscopic fungi include Coprinellus sp., Lentinus sp., Panus sp., Schizophyllum commune, Pycnoporus sp., Fomitopsis sp. 1, Fomitopsis sp. 2, and Lycoperdon sp. Based on the results of the literature study, the potential uses of macroscopic fungi were found are as food, medicine, natural pigment producer, and enzyme producer. This data report can be used as basic information on the use of macroscopic mushrooms by communities around the area to be used as food or medicinal ingredients. Further utilization of this data is the development of the potential of macroscopic fungi that produce enzymes, pigments or drugs to be produced on a large scale. Research on the development of potential mushroom conservation strategies can also be carried out for sustainable use.
{"title":"Inventaritation and Potential Utilization of Macroscopic Mushroom in TPKh Tenjo KPH Bogor","authors":"Zalfa Alfatinnisa, Wahyu Aji Mahardhika, Arina Tri Lunggani, Ivan Permana Putra","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.39977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.39977","url":null,"abstract":"The TPKh Tenjo KPH Bogor is a production forest wood collection area and becomes a production forest for the Acacia mangium wood species. Timber harvesting activities leave a lot of tree stumps, twigs, or piles of wood that do not pass production. Environmental conditions with a lot of harvested wood residue and supported by relatively cool air temperatures and high humidity, it is suspected this area has a diversity of macroscopic fungi with various unknown potentials. This study aims to obtain data on the types of macroscopic fungi and their potential uses. The research method includes the stages of exploration, identification and literature study to obtain the potential of the macroscopic fungi found. The research succeeded in finding 8 types of macroscopic fungi classified into the phylum Basidiomycota, 3 orders, 5 families, and 7 genera. The macroscopic fungi include Coprinellus sp., Lentinus sp., Panus sp., Schizophyllum commune, Pycnoporus sp., Fomitopsis sp. 1, Fomitopsis sp. 2, and Lycoperdon sp. Based on the results of the literature study, the potential uses of macroscopic fungi were found are as food, medicine, natural pigment producer, and enzyme producer. This data report can be used as basic information on the use of macroscopic mushrooms by communities around the area to be used as food or medicinal ingredients. Further utilization of this data is the development of the potential of macroscopic fungi that produce enzymes, pigments or drugs to be produced on a large scale. Research on the development of potential mushroom conservation strategies can also be carried out for sustainable use.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135022347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-16DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.42315
I Nyoman Arsana, Ni Ketut Ayu Juliasih, A. A. Ayu Sauca Sunia Widyantari
The system of traditional Balinese medicine is known as Usada. One type of plant used in Usada is basil (Ocimum basilicum L). Antioxidant activity and phytochemical of ethanol extracts of two varieties of basil, Ocimum basilicum L (var.) Bali (OcB) and Ocimum basilicum L (var.) Lombok (OcL) was investigated. Total phenol was determined by folin-cioccalteu phenol reagent, total flavonoid by quarsetine reagent, tannin by Folin-Denis reagent, and antioxidant activity was determined using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging method and is expressed as IC50. All of the parameters were measured by spectrophotometer. Phytochemicals were determined by Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Analysis. Morphological characters (stems, leaves, and flowers) are also observed. The results showed, in OcB obtained 92 compounds, 10 of which are important compounds that have an antioxidant effect, while in OcL 139 compound components were found, 15 of which are important compounds. Levels of phenols, flavonoids, tannins, as well as IC50 in OcB are; 3526.65 mg GAE/100g, 15841.6795 mg QE/100g, 2402.80 mg/100 g, and 24.9410 mg/L, respectively, while in OcL respectively are; 3297.71 mg GAE/100g, 13242.30 mg QE/100g, 850.71 mg/100, and 33.1105 mg/L. Conclusions, morphologically OcB and OcL showed no difference except leaf width and petiole length. The antioxidant activity of OcB is better, as well as higher levels of phenols, flavonoids, and tannins compared to OcL.
{"title":"Antioxidant Activity and Phytochemical of Ocimum basilicum to Strengthen the Traditional Balinese Medicine System","authors":"I Nyoman Arsana, Ni Ketut Ayu Juliasih, A. A. Ayu Sauca Sunia Widyantari","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.42315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.42315","url":null,"abstract":"The system of traditional Balinese medicine is known as Usada. One type of plant used in Usada is basil (Ocimum basilicum L). Antioxidant activity and phytochemical of ethanol extracts of two varieties of basil, Ocimum basilicum L (var.) Bali (OcB) and Ocimum basilicum L (var.) Lombok (OcL) was investigated. Total phenol was determined by folin-cioccalteu phenol reagent, total flavonoid by quarsetine reagent, tannin by Folin-Denis reagent, and antioxidant activity was determined using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging method and is expressed as IC50. All of the parameters were measured by spectrophotometer. Phytochemicals were determined by Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Analysis. Morphological characters (stems, leaves, and flowers) are also observed. The results showed, in OcB obtained 92 compounds, 10 of which are important compounds that have an antioxidant effect, while in OcL 139 compound components were found, 15 of which are important compounds. Levels of phenols, flavonoids, tannins, as well as IC50 in OcB are; 3526.65 mg GAE/100g, 15841.6795 mg QE/100g, 2402.80 mg/100 g, and 24.9410 mg/L, respectively, while in OcL respectively are; 3297.71 mg GAE/100g, 13242.30 mg QE/100g, 850.71 mg/100, and 33.1105 mg/L. Conclusions, morphologically OcB and OcL showed no difference except leaf width and petiole length. The antioxidant activity of OcB is better, as well as higher levels of phenols, flavonoids, and tannins compared to OcL.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"200 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135022063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-16DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.41180
Sunarno Sunarno, Elsa Ayu Kusuma, Agung Janika Sitasiwi
Nanochitosan is a polysaccharide that can be used as a feed additive to improve the chemical quality of eggs. Protein and cholesterol levels are indicators of the chemical quality of eggs that affect egg weight. This study aims to analyze the effect of nanochitosan as a feed additive on improving the chemical quality of eggs in terms of protein content, cholesterol content, egg white weight, egg yolk weight, and duck egg weight. This study was designed in a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatments (0; 2.5; 5; 7.5; 10 g nanochitosan/kg feed) with 5 replications. Treatment of feed was given for 8 weeks. Variables measured included protein content, cholesterol level, egg white weight, egg yolk weight, and duck egg weight. Data was analyzed using ANOVA at 5% significance. The results showed that nanochitosan as a feed additive had a significant effect on increasing protein content, egg white weight, egg yolk weight, egg weight and cholesterol reduction. The conclusion of this study is that nanochitosan can be used as a feed additive that has potential to improve the chemical quality of duck eggs. The novelty of this research is the use of nanochitosan as a feed additive to improve the performance of livestock in increasing protein levels and reducing cholesterol levels in pengging duck eggs. The results of this study are expected to open up opportunities regarding the use of nanochitosan as a feed additive in various other local ducks in Indonesia.
{"title":"Protein and Cholesterol Levels of Duck Eggs after the Addition of Nanochitosan as a Feed Additive","authors":"Sunarno Sunarno, Elsa Ayu Kusuma, Agung Janika Sitasiwi","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.41180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.41180","url":null,"abstract":"Nanochitosan is a polysaccharide that can be used as a feed additive to improve the chemical quality of eggs. Protein and cholesterol levels are indicators of the chemical quality of eggs that affect egg weight. This study aims to analyze the effect of nanochitosan as a feed additive on improving the chemical quality of eggs in terms of protein content, cholesterol content, egg white weight, egg yolk weight, and duck egg weight. This study was designed in a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatments (0; 2.5; 5; 7.5; 10 g nanochitosan/kg feed) with 5 replications. Treatment of feed was given for 8 weeks. Variables measured included protein content, cholesterol level, egg white weight, egg yolk weight, and duck egg weight. Data was analyzed using ANOVA at 5% significance. The results showed that nanochitosan as a feed additive had a significant effect on increasing protein content, egg white weight, egg yolk weight, egg weight and cholesterol reduction. The conclusion of this study is that nanochitosan can be used as a feed additive that has potential to improve the chemical quality of duck eggs. The novelty of this research is the use of nanochitosan as a feed additive to improve the performance of livestock in increasing protein levels and reducing cholesterol levels in pengging duck eggs. The results of this study are expected to open up opportunities regarding the use of nanochitosan as a feed additive in various other local ducks in Indonesia.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135022066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-16DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.36227
Diah Wulandari Rousdy, Elvi Rusmiyanto Wardoyo
The plant of Bajakah tampala (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk) has been utilized in traditional medication. Previous studies have proven the existence of in vivo anti-inflammatory activities of Bajakah plant (S. littoralis) in lowering the degree of carrageenan-induced paw oedema in mice. This study aims to determine the anti-inflammatory mechanism of S. littoralis extract in vitro through an approach of enzyme inhibition involved in the inflammatory reaction. The concentration of ethanol extract of Bajakah used was 0.1; 0.2; 0.4; 0.8; 1.6 mg/ml. The parameters measured were lipoxygenase enzyme inhibition, protein denaturation inhibition, protease enzyme inhibition, as well as plasma membrane stabilization. The results of the study showed the potential of the ethanol extract of Bajakah stems in inhibiting the inflammatory process viewed from the ability to inhibit inflammation-related enzymes. S. littoralis extract concentration of 1.6 mg/ml showed the best inhibition of the protein denaturation process (75.9%), the inhibition of trypsin protease enzyme (26.1%) and the stability of erythrocyte membrane (93.7%). However, the extracts of S. littoralis did not provide inhibition for the lipoxygenase enzyme in the range of 0.2-3.8%. This study proves the role of S. littoralis extract in the anti-inflammatory mechanism. It has the potential to be developed into standardized herbs.
{"title":"In Vitro Antiinflammatory Activity of Bajakah (Spatholobus littoralis) Stem Extract","authors":"Diah Wulandari Rousdy, Elvi Rusmiyanto Wardoyo","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.36227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.36227","url":null,"abstract":"The plant of Bajakah tampala (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk) has been utilized in traditional medication. Previous studies have proven the existence of in vivo anti-inflammatory activities of Bajakah plant (S. littoralis) in lowering the degree of carrageenan-induced paw oedema in mice. This study aims to determine the anti-inflammatory mechanism of S. littoralis extract in vitro through an approach of enzyme inhibition involved in the inflammatory reaction. The concentration of ethanol extract of Bajakah used was 0.1; 0.2; 0.4; 0.8; 1.6 mg/ml. The parameters measured were lipoxygenase enzyme inhibition, protein denaturation inhibition, protease enzyme inhibition, as well as plasma membrane stabilization. The results of the study showed the potential of the ethanol extract of Bajakah stems in inhibiting the inflammatory process viewed from the ability to inhibit inflammation-related enzymes. S. littoralis extract concentration of 1.6 mg/ml showed the best inhibition of the protein denaturation process (75.9%), the inhibition of trypsin protease enzyme (26.1%) and the stability of erythrocyte membrane (93.7%). However, the extracts of S. littoralis did not provide inhibition for the lipoxygenase enzyme in the range of 0.2-3.8%. This study proves the role of S. littoralis extract in the anti-inflammatory mechanism. It has the potential to be developed into standardized herbs.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135022346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sponges have long been known as a source for isolating secondary metabolites. These natural compounds are biosynthetic products of symbiont bacteria from various phyla colonizing sponge tissue. Some symbiont bacteria are known to produce bioactive compounds that would have antibacterial activity, such as polyketide, due to competition in colonizing and obtaining nutrients from their hosts. In general, this study aims to explore the biosynthetic potential of seven sponge-symbiont bacteria by detecting the gene domain involved in the production of polyketide compounds. Sponge-symbiont bacteria isolation was carried out on one species of sponge collected from a depth of ±15 m in the Iboih area, Weh Island, Aceh Province, Indonesia. The bacteria was allowed to grow in Sea Water Complete agar medium and incubated at 280C for 10-14 days. The production of polyketide compounds involves the enzyme polyketide synthase (PKS). Polyketide synthase was detected by detecting the encoding gene domain involved in the production of polyketide compounds using PCR method. Five of the seven isolates of sponge symbiont bacteria were detected to contain the PKS gene domain. Furthermore, molecular identification confirm by 16S rRNA sequencing showed that the isolates belonged to the phylum Firmicutes and Actinobacteria. The result indicated that the sponge symbiont bacteria collected from Weh Island had the biosynthetic potential to produce polyketide compounds. These compounds would have antimicrobial activities that will play a major role in the medical field. Research related to screening PKS genes in marine sponge symbionts bacteria from Weh Island has never been reported before, thus adding to the novelty of this research.
海绵长期以来一直被认为是分离次生代谢物的来源。这些天然化合物是来自不同门定植海绵组织的共生细菌的生物合成产物。已知一些共生细菌会产生具有抗菌活性的生物活性化合物，如聚酮，这是由于它们在定植和从宿主那里获得营养时的竞争。总的来说，本研究旨在通过检测参与聚酮类化合物生产的基因结构域来探索七种海绵共生细菌的生物合成潜力。对从印度尼西亚亚齐省威岛Iboih地区±15 m深度采集的一种海绵进行了海绵共生细菌分离。将细菌置于Sea Water Complete琼脂培养基中生长，280℃培养10-14天。聚酮化合物的生产涉及到聚酮合成酶(PKS)。聚合酶链式反应(PCR)方法检测聚酮合成酶的编码基因区域。7株海绵共生菌分离株中有5株含有PKS基因结构域。16S rRNA测序结果表明，分离物属于厚壁菌门和放线菌门。结果表明，从威岛采集的海绵共生菌具有生产聚酮类化合物的生物合成潜力。这些化合物具有抗菌活性，将在医学领域发挥重要作用。Weh岛海绵共生体细菌PKS基因筛选相关研究此前未见报道，增加了本研究的新颖性。
{"title":"Polyketide Synthase Gene Domain Exploration of Marine Sponge Symbiont Bacteria Collected From Weh Island","authors":"Sukmawan Fajar Santosa, Nazaruddin Nazaruddin, Wahyu Eka Sari, Febriani Febriani","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.42980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.42980","url":null,"abstract":"Sponges have long been known as a source for isolating secondary metabolites. These natural compounds are biosynthetic products of symbiont bacteria from various phyla colonizing sponge tissue. Some symbiont bacteria are known to produce bioactive compounds that would have antibacterial activity, such as polyketide, due to competition in colonizing and obtaining nutrients from their hosts. In general, this study aims to explore the biosynthetic potential of seven sponge-symbiont bacteria by detecting the gene domain involved in the production of polyketide compounds. Sponge-symbiont bacteria isolation was carried out on one species of sponge collected from a depth of ±15 m in the Iboih area, Weh Island, Aceh Province, Indonesia. The bacteria was allowed to grow in Sea Water Complete agar medium and incubated at 280C for 10-14 days. The production of polyketide compounds involves the enzyme polyketide synthase (PKS). Polyketide synthase was detected by detecting the encoding gene domain involved in the production of polyketide compounds using PCR method. Five of the seven isolates of sponge symbiont bacteria were detected to contain the PKS gene domain. Furthermore, molecular identification confirm by 16S rRNA sequencing showed that the isolates belonged to the phylum Firmicutes and Actinobacteria. The result indicated that the sponge symbiont bacteria collected from Weh Island had the biosynthetic potential to produce polyketide compounds. These compounds would have antimicrobial activities that will play a major role in the medical field. Research related to screening PKS genes in marine sponge symbionts bacteria from Weh Island has never been reported before, thus adding to the novelty of this research.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135163451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.44573
Giyanita Rahma Ayu Pramesti, Nur Ducha
Low-temperature storage can often result in spermatozoa damage. It occurs due to Reactive Oxygen Species, leading to changes in the lipid composition of the membrane. Antioxidant compounds are needed to prevent ROS. Green tea extract (Camelia sinensis) can be used as an antioxidant agent. This study aimed to determine the effect of green tea extract in tris egg yolk on spermatozoa quality of Ongole Peranakan (PO) cattle. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with five extract treatments (0%, 1%, 2%, 3%,4%) and four repetitions. The parameters used were motility, viability, and membrane integrity. The data were analyzed with ANOVA and Duncan's test. Based on the results of the ANOVA test, the addition of green tea extract has a significant effect on spermatozoa quality of PO cattle in frozen storage (P0.005). The best results were obtained by the addition of 3% extract that was able to maintain the quality of post-freezing spermatozoa with average motility, viability, and membrane integrity of 47.44±0.166, 55.14±0.449, and 53.72±0.599. The addition of 3% green tea extract into tris egg yolk can maintain motility, viability, and membrane integrity in spermatozoa of PO cattle inside frozen storage, by adding green tea extract to diluent, spermatozoa can be stored for a long time at low temperatures making it easier for people to carry out artificial insemination.
{"title":"Effect of Green Tea Extract on Spermatozoa Quality of Peranakan Ongole Bull On Frozen Storage","authors":"Giyanita Rahma Ayu Pramesti, Nur Ducha","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.44573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.44573","url":null,"abstract":"Low-temperature storage can often result in spermatozoa damage. It occurs due to Reactive Oxygen Species, leading to changes in the lipid composition of the membrane. Antioxidant compounds are needed to prevent ROS. Green tea extract (Camelia sinensis) can be used as an antioxidant agent. This study aimed to determine the effect of green tea extract in tris egg yolk on spermatozoa quality of Ongole Peranakan (PO) cattle. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with five extract treatments (0%, 1%, 2%, 3%,4%) and four repetitions. The parameters used were motility, viability, and membrane integrity. The data were analyzed with ANOVA and Duncan's test. Based on the results of the ANOVA test, the addition of green tea extract has a significant effect on spermatozoa quality of PO cattle in frozen storage (P0.005). The best results were obtained by the addition of 3% extract that was able to maintain the quality of post-freezing spermatozoa with average motility, viability, and membrane integrity of 47.44±0.166, 55.14±0.449, and 53.72±0.599. The addition of 3% green tea extract into tris egg yolk can maintain motility, viability, and membrane integrity in spermatozoa of PO cattle inside frozen storage, by adding green tea extract to diluent, spermatozoa can be stored for a long time at low temperatures making it easier for people to carry out artificial insemination.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135163452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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