Pub Date : 2022-11-15DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.30657
Dian Respati Ayu, B. Retnoaji
Due to high growth, chlorpyrifos was one of the solution to increase food production. However, this compound is dangerous because it belongs to organophosphate group which blocking the activity of acetylcholinesterase (ache) enzyme and caused nervouse failure to animal. Due to heavy rain this insecticide will run-off and contaminate the body of the river and effect the aquatic live. Wader pari was non-target animal of chlorpyrifos. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of chlorpyrifos exposure on the behaviour of wader's feeding and swimming response, as well as the morphology and ossification process of the vertebrae. The study was conducted for 7 days.  4 groups of fish were exposed to chlorpyrifos with concentrations of 0, 0.001, 0.005 and 0.01 ppm. Observation of the ossification and morphological process of vertebrae is carried out using AR-Ab bone staining. Observation of wader’s behaviours is carried out using descriptive analysis. It was found that the fish which exposed to chlorpyrifos showed some behavioural abnormalities in swimming and feeding response. Fish exposed to 0.005 ppm chlorpyrifos showed vertebral abnormalities which is haemal kyphosis. Kyphosis refers to Λ-shaped vertebral curvature Fragkoulis et.al, (2019). However, the ossification process that represented by Ar-Ab staining are going well.Â
由于其高增长，毒死蜱是增加粮食产量的解决方案之一。该化合物属有机磷类，可阻断乙酰胆碱酯酶(ache)活性，引起动物神经衰弱，具有一定的危险性。由于大雨，这种杀虫剂会流失，污染河体，影响水生生物。水蚤是毒死蜱的非靶动物。Â本研究的目的是确定毒死蜱暴露对涉禽摄食和游泳反应行为的影响，以及对脊椎骨形态和骨化过程的影响。试验为期7 d。  4组鱼暴露于浓度分别为0、0.001、0.005和0.01 ppm的毒死蜱。采用AR-Ab骨染色法观察椎体骨化和形态过程。对wader的行为进行了观察usingÂ描述性分析。结果表明，毒死蜱接触鱼在游动和摄食反应方面出现了一些行为异常。暴露于0.005 ppm毒死蜱的鱼显示脊椎异常，这是血液后凸。后凸是指Λ形状的椎体弯曲Fragkoulis等，(2019)。然而，以Ar-Ab染色为代表的骨化过程正在well.Â进行
{"title":"Effect of Chlorpyrifos Insecticide On The Ossification of Wader Pari Fish Vertebrae (Rasbora Lateristriata Bleeker, 1854)","authors":"Dian Respati Ayu, B. Retnoaji","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.30657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.30657","url":null,"abstract":"Due to high growth, chlorpyrifos was one of the solution to increase food production. However, this compound is dangerous because it belongs to organophosphate group which blocking the activity of acetylcholinesterase (ache) enzyme and caused nervouse failure to animal. Due to heavy rain this insecticide will run-off and contaminate the body of the river and effect the aquatic live. Wader pari was non-target animal of chlorpyrifos. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of chlorpyrifos exposure on the behaviour of wader's feeding and swimming response, as well as the morphology and ossification process of the vertebrae. The study was conducted for 7 days.  4 groups of fish were exposed to chlorpyrifos with concentrations of 0, 0.001, 0.005 and 0.01 ppm. Observation of the ossification and morphological process of vertebrae is carried out using AR-Ab bone staining. Observation of wader’s behaviours is carried out using descriptive analysis. It was found that the fish which exposed to chlorpyrifos showed some behavioural abnormalities in swimming and feeding response. Fish exposed to 0.005 ppm chlorpyrifos showed vertebral abnormalities which is haemal kyphosis. Kyphosis refers to Λ-shaped vertebral curvature Fragkoulis et.al, (2019). However, the ossification process that represented by Ar-Ab staining are going well. ","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72767345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-11DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.38182
R. P. Sadewo, N. Hidhayati, L. Ambarsari, K. Anam
Chlorella is widely used for its fast growth rate and easy cultivation with 14–30% lipid content and 36–59% dry weight. Thus, sodium hydroxide is used to increase carbon consumption, biomass, and metabolites productions in microalgae. This study was conducted to observe the effect of sodium hydroxide addition on biomass and metabolites production in photoautotrophic cultivated Chlorella sorokiniana. Microalgae C.sorokiniana (LIPI12-Al016) was obtained from the culture collection of Microalgae and Bioprocess Engineering Research Group laboratory, National Research and Innovation Agency. Then, the microalgae were cultivated in media with various concentrations of sodium hydroxide. Biomass production was measured by gravimetry, and carbon consumption was measured by acid-alkalimetry. Sodium hydroxide 60 mM gave the best growth, maximizing average carbon consumption to 691.8 mg.L-1 and biomass production to 598.3 mg.L-1. The utilization of NaOH in the medium did not increase the metabolites content, except for protein. Carbohydrate was the dominant metabolite among the others. Fatty acids profile mainly composed of C16 and C18 fatty acids, which are favorable for biodiesel production. These results gave an overview of the potency of microalgae C. sorokiniana as a CO2 mitigation agent and alternative sources of energy and nutrition.
{"title":"CO2 Sequestration Using Sodium Hydroxide and Its Utilization for Chlorella sorokiniana Biomass Production","authors":"R. P. Sadewo, N. Hidhayati, L. Ambarsari, K. Anam","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.38182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.38182","url":null,"abstract":"Chlorella is widely used for its fast growth rate and easy cultivation with 14–30% lipid content and 36–59% dry weight. Thus, sodium hydroxide is used to increase carbon consumption, biomass, and metabolites productions in microalgae. This study was conducted to observe the effect of sodium hydroxide addition on biomass and metabolites production in photoautotrophic cultivated Chlorella sorokiniana. Microalgae C.sorokiniana (LIPI12-Al016) was obtained from the culture collection of Microalgae and Bioprocess Engineering Research Group laboratory, National Research and Innovation Agency. Then, the microalgae were cultivated in media with various concentrations of sodium hydroxide. Biomass production was measured by gravimetry, and carbon consumption was measured by acid-alkalimetry. Sodium hydroxide 60 mM gave the best growth, maximizing average carbon consumption to 691.8 mg.L-1 and biomass production to 598.3 mg.L-1. The utilization of NaOH in the medium did not increase the metabolites content, except for protein. Carbohydrate was the dominant metabolite among the others. Fatty acids profile mainly composed of C16 and C18 fatty acids, which are favorable for biodiesel production. These results gave an overview of the potency of microalgae C. sorokiniana as a CO2 mitigation agent and alternative sources of energy and nutrition.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88383023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-11DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.39651
Ariyatun Ariyatun, P. Marwoto, S. Sudarmin, Sri Wardani, S. Saptono
This study aims to identify the active compound of Tantrum leaf (Indigofera tinctoria) as a natural textile dye by maceration extraction method with variations in maceration time and material treatment on wet and dry tantrum leaves. The analysis was carried out by phytochemical test, FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), and UV-Vis (Ultraviolet-Visible Light) spectrophotometer. The results of the phytochemical test showed that the compounds contained in the Indigofera tinctoria plant were indigo, flavonoids, steroids, and alkaloids. The FTIR test indicated that the dye content in the extract was from the indigo group. The results of the UV-Vis spectrum showed that there was a maximum absorption of wet tantrum leaf extract, dried tantrum leaf extract, and alkaline extract at wavelengths of 406.50 nm, 365.50 nm, and 664.50 nm, respectively.
{"title":"Identification of Active Compounds of Tantrum Leaves (Indigofera Tinctoria) Natural Textile Dyes Through Maceration Extraction Method","authors":"Ariyatun Ariyatun, P. Marwoto, S. Sudarmin, Sri Wardani, S. Saptono","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.39651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.39651","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to identify the active compound of Tantrum leaf (Indigofera tinctoria) as a natural textile dye by maceration extraction method with variations in maceration time and material treatment on wet and dry tantrum leaves. The analysis was carried out by phytochemical test, FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), and UV-Vis (Ultraviolet-Visible Light) spectrophotometer. The results of the phytochemical test showed that the compounds contained in the Indigofera tinctoria plant were indigo, flavonoids, steroids, and alkaloids. The FTIR test indicated that the dye content in the extract was from the indigo group. The results of the UV-Vis spectrum showed that there was a maximum absorption of wet tantrum leaf extract, dried tantrum leaf extract, and alkaline extract at wavelengths of 406.50 nm, 365.50 nm, and 664.50 nm, respectively.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"146 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77697792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-09DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.37735
N. Agustini, N. Hidhayati, Bella Sakti Oktora
The demand for natural antioxidants has increased due to the harmful effects of synthetic antioxidants, such astoxicity and carcinogenic properties. Microalgae face this requirement as they can produce numerous substances that havepotential as an antioxidant. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of Cosmarium extracts using ABTS radicalcation assay and identify compounds probably responsible for it. Dried biomass was extracted using hexane, ethyl acetate,and ethanol solvents using the maceration method. Extracts were partially purified with TLC and column chromatography.Compounds identification were conducted using GC-MS analysis. The result showed that ethanol extract has the best activitywith the IC 50 at 55.95 ppm, followed by hexane and ethyl acetate extracts with IC 50 as much as 104.339 ppm and 180.07 ppm,respectively. Two active fractions were the selected fraction after partial purification with chromatographic analysis. Fraction1 gave IC 50 at 99.6 ppm while fraction 2 gave better IC 50 at 53.562 ppm, both categorized as strong antioxidants. Compoundsidentification by GC-MS revealed that both fractions contain fatty acids compounds with 9.12-octadecadienoic acid (linoleicacid) and hexadecanoic acid (palmitic acid) as the dominant compound in fractions 1 and 2, respectively. This study gaveinsight into the potential of ethanol fraction from Cosmarium sp. as a natural antioxidant.
{"title":"Antioxidant Activity of Microalgae Extract Cosmarium sp. Using 2.2-Azinobis-(3-Ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-Sulfonic Acid (ABTS) Radical Cation Assay","authors":"N. Agustini, N. Hidhayati, Bella Sakti Oktora","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.37735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.37735","url":null,"abstract":"The demand for natural antioxidants has increased due to the harmful effects of synthetic antioxidants, such astoxicity and carcinogenic properties. Microalgae face this requirement as they can produce numerous substances that havepotential as an antioxidant. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of Cosmarium extracts using ABTS radicalcation assay and identify compounds probably responsible for it. Dried biomass was extracted using hexane, ethyl acetate,and ethanol solvents using the maceration method. Extracts were partially purified with TLC and column chromatography.Compounds identification were conducted using GC-MS analysis. The result showed that ethanol extract has the best activitywith the IC 50 at 55.95 ppm, followed by hexane and ethyl acetate extracts with IC 50 as much as 104.339 ppm and 180.07 ppm,respectively. Two active fractions were the selected fraction after partial purification with chromatographic analysis. Fraction1 gave IC 50 at 99.6 ppm while fraction 2 gave better IC 50 at 53.562 ppm, both categorized as strong antioxidants. Compoundsidentification by GC-MS revealed that both fractions contain fatty acids compounds with 9.12-octadecadienoic acid (linoleicacid) and hexadecanoic acid (palmitic acid) as the dominant compound in fractions 1 and 2, respectively. This study gaveinsight into the potential of ethanol fraction from Cosmarium sp. as a natural antioxidant.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88493526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-09DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.37380
S. Samiyarsih, Garda Satrio Nuswantoro, T. Hardiyati, Juwarno Juwarno, W. Herawati, N. Fitrianto
Local black rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the biodiversity of rice in Indonesia, which has tall stature and long cultivation period, easy to lodge, and requires more intensive care. Paclobutrazol (PBZ) is a plant growth inhibitor compound that could reduce plant height and accelerate plants entering the generative phase. This study aimed to determine the effects of PBZ concentration on the agronomic character and micromorphological profile of five local black rice varieties. This research was conducted experimentally using a completely randomized factorial design. The first factor was the local black rice variety (Brebes, Klaten, Magelang, Pati, and Pekalongan ), while the second was PBZ concentration (0, 100, 200, and 300 ppm) with three replications. PBZ spraying was conducted in the fourth week after planting. The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA and HSD test (α=5%). The results showed that the concentrations of PBZ 300 ppm produced the heaviest 100 grains. The Klaten variety had wide abaxial stomata, the Magelang variety had high abaxial stomata density, while the Pati variety had long abaxial stomata and heaviest 100 grains. The interaction between Brebes variety and PBZ 0 ppm produced high adaxial stomatal density, Klaten variety, and PBZ 100 ppm have vast adaxial stomatal and high abaxial trichome density. Pati variety and PBZ 0 ppm had the most tillers, while Pati variety and PBZ 100 ppm had long adaxial stomata and the most grains per panicle. The study's critical findings are that PBZ gives different micromorphology improvements and increases agronomic performance in local black rice.
{"title":"Paclobutrazol Improves The Agronomic Performance and Micromorphological Profile of Five Local Black Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) Varieties in Central Java Indonesia","authors":"S. Samiyarsih, Garda Satrio Nuswantoro, T. Hardiyati, Juwarno Juwarno, W. Herawati, N. Fitrianto","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.37380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.37380","url":null,"abstract":"Local black rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the biodiversity of rice in Indonesia, which has tall stature and long cultivation period, easy to lodge, and requires more intensive care. Paclobutrazol (PBZ) is a plant growth inhibitor compound that could reduce plant height and accelerate plants entering the generative phase. This study aimed to determine the effects of PBZ concentration on the agronomic character and micromorphological profile of five local black rice varieties. This research was conducted experimentally using a completely randomized factorial design. The first factor was the local black rice variety (Brebes, Klaten, Magelang, Pati, and Pekalongan ), while the second was PBZ concentration (0, 100, 200, and 300 ppm) with three replications. PBZ spraying was conducted in the fourth week after planting. The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA and HSD test (α=5%). The results showed that the concentrations of PBZ 300 ppm produced the heaviest 100 grains. The Klaten variety had wide abaxial stomata, the Magelang variety had high abaxial stomata density, while the Pati variety had long abaxial stomata and heaviest 100 grains. The interaction between Brebes variety and PBZ 0 ppm produced high adaxial stomatal density, Klaten variety, and PBZ 100 ppm have vast adaxial stomatal and high abaxial trichome density. Pati variety and PBZ 0 ppm had the most tillers, while Pati variety and PBZ 100 ppm had long adaxial stomata and the most grains per panicle. The study's critical findings are that PBZ gives different micromorphology improvements and increases agronomic performance in local black rice.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81738908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-10DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.37319
Sulaiman Mohammed, Yusuf Garba Yusuf, A. Mahmoud, I. Muhammad, F. Huyop
Abattoir is one of the most pronounced but yet ignored sources of highly recalcitrant wastewater that pose many environmental challenges and cause harm to mankind. However, little was reported on the molecular identification of bacterial committee from the abattoir wastewater. This study aimed at isolation and molecular identification of most abundant bacterium species from wastewater of abattoir. Wastewater sample was collected, isolate and identify the most abundant bacterium by gram staining and microscopy. Genomic DNA (gDNA) was extracted from the isolated bacterium and conducted 16S rRNA PCR amplification. Multiple sequence and phylogenetic relationship among other 8 Bacillus species and 1 outgroup was inferred by comparing the sequence data sets from NBCI. The biochemical identification analyses indicated that the bacterium is gram positive with Bacillus shape and cream-yellow colour. 16S rRNA and bioinformatics analyses demonstrated that the most abundant isolated bacterium is Bacillus pumilus with 99% identification. Moreover, the phylogenetic tree analysis discovered that the identified bacterium from this study is more closely related to Bacillus species as they share the same clade. The sequence is partial as compared with the other deposited sequences in the GeneBank. This study provide an insight on the microbial species of Nigeria abattoir wastewater which was identified using molecular approach. As well, gave a clue for potential treatment of the wastewater.
{"title":"Molecular Identfication of Bacillus pumilus by 16S rRNA From Abattoir Wastewater","authors":"Sulaiman Mohammed, Yusuf Garba Yusuf, A. Mahmoud, I. Muhammad, F. Huyop","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.37319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.37319","url":null,"abstract":"Abattoir is one of the most pronounced but yet ignored sources of highly recalcitrant wastewater that pose many environmental challenges and cause harm to mankind. However, little was reported on the molecular identification of bacterial committee from the abattoir wastewater. This study aimed at isolation and molecular identification of most abundant bacterium species from wastewater of abattoir. Wastewater sample was collected, isolate and identify the most abundant bacterium by gram staining and microscopy. Genomic DNA (gDNA) was extracted from the isolated bacterium and conducted 16S rRNA PCR amplification. Multiple sequence and phylogenetic relationship among other 8 Bacillus species and 1 outgroup was inferred by comparing the sequence data sets from NBCI. The biochemical identification analyses indicated that the bacterium is gram positive with Bacillus shape and cream-yellow colour. 16S rRNA and bioinformatics analyses demonstrated that the most abundant isolated bacterium is Bacillus pumilus with 99% identification. Moreover, the phylogenetic tree analysis discovered that the identified bacterium from this study is more closely related to Bacillus species as they share the same clade. The sequence is partial as compared with the other deposited sequences in the GeneBank. This study provide an insight on the microbial species of Nigeria abattoir wastewater which was identified using molecular approach. As well, gave a clue for potential treatment of the wastewater.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81586109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-10DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.37325
Adyatma Adyatma, S. Sunarno, K. Kasiyati, M. Djaelani
Anomaly of pectoral fin caused by inappropriate amount of oxygen and ammonia within water, which expected to be resolved by the combination usage of aerator and filter. This study aimed to analyze the combination usage of aerator and filter with different amount toward the growth of nile tilapia’s pectoral fin. This study used a 2×2 factorial completely randomized design consisting 4 treatments (ANF, AANF, AF, and AAF) with 6 replications. The measurement variable of pectoral fin including length, width, weight, and ratio of pectoral fin’s length with total size of fish. The measurement analyzed using two way-ANOVA and continued with LSD test. The results of combination usage of aerator and filter revealed a significant effect (P0.05) to the pectoral fin length, pectoral fin width, pectoral fin weight, and ratio of pectoral fin length to total body length. The research’s conclusion was the combination usage aerator and filter had positive impact toward the growth of nile tilapia’s pectoral fin. The study’s novelty is the combination usage of aerator and filter with different number to promote the growth of the cell within the pectoral fin of nile tilapia. This research would benefit people by discovery of the combination usage of aerator and filter to improve the growth of nile tilapia’s pectoral fin.
{"title":"Pectoral Fin Morphometry of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Cultivated in Different Aerator and Filter","authors":"Adyatma Adyatma, S. Sunarno, K. Kasiyati, M. Djaelani","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.37325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.37325","url":null,"abstract":"Anomaly of pectoral fin caused by inappropriate amount of oxygen and ammonia within water, which expected to be resolved by the combination usage of aerator and filter. This study aimed to analyze the combination usage of aerator and filter with different amount toward the growth of nile tilapia’s pectoral fin. This study used a 2×2 factorial completely randomized design consisting 4 treatments (ANF, AANF, AF, and AAF) with 6 replications. The measurement variable of pectoral fin including length, width, weight, and ratio of pectoral fin’s length with total size of fish. The measurement analyzed using two way-ANOVA and continued with LSD test. The results of combination usage of aerator and filter revealed a significant effect (P0.05) to the pectoral fin length, pectoral fin width, pectoral fin weight, and ratio of pectoral fin length to total body length. The research’s conclusion was the combination usage aerator and filter had positive impact toward the growth of nile tilapia’s pectoral fin. The study’s novelty is the combination usage of aerator and filter with different number to promote the growth of the cell within the pectoral fin of nile tilapia. This research would benefit people by discovery of the combination usage of aerator and filter to improve the growth of nile tilapia’s pectoral fin.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"54 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91068144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-31DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.35781
Herdina Pratiwi, T. S. Wahyuni, N. Nugrahaeni
Uncertain climate change encourages the assembly of cassava varieties with multiple tolerances to both abiotic and biotic stress. The research aimed to evaluate the multiple tolerances of cassava germplasm to drought stress and red spider mite attacks. The research was held at Installation for Research and Assessment of Agricultural Technology of Muneng from February to December 2019 using a randomized block design nested in two environments with two replicates. The treatments consisted of 50 cassava accessions from the Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute collection and two irrigation environments, i.e. a normal environment and a drought environment. Drought stress caused a decrease in plant height, tuber yield; on the other hand, increased red spider mite attack. Eight accessions have Stress Tolerance Index values reaching above 1.00, and two of them also have resistance to red spider mites. Accessions MLG 10361 and MLG 10362 had a high level of tolerance to drought stress as well as resistance to red spider mites so that both accessions may be used as a source of multiple resistance genes for biotic and abiotic stresses.
{"title":"Multiple Tolerances of Cassava Germplasm to Drought Stress and Red Spider Mite Attacks","authors":"Herdina Pratiwi, T. S. Wahyuni, N. Nugrahaeni","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.35781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.35781","url":null,"abstract":"Uncertain climate change encourages the assembly of cassava varieties with multiple tolerances to both abiotic and biotic stress. The research aimed to evaluate the multiple tolerances of cassava germplasm to drought stress and red spider mite attacks. The research was held at Installation for Research and Assessment of Agricultural Technology of Muneng from February to December 2019 using a randomized block design nested in two environments with two replicates. The treatments consisted of 50 cassava accessions from the Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute collection and two irrigation environments, i.e. a normal environment and a drought environment. Drought stress caused a decrease in plant height, tuber yield; on the other hand, increased red spider mite attack. Eight accessions have Stress Tolerance Index values reaching above 1.00, and two of them also have resistance to red spider mites. Accessions MLG 10361 and MLG 10362 had a high level of tolerance to drought stress as well as resistance to red spider mites so that both accessions may be used as a source of multiple resistance genes for biotic and abiotic stresses. ","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89096969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-26DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.36223
Y. Widiyastuti, Husnul Khotimah Matoha, Fitriana Fitriana
Melaleuca alternifolia (Tea tree/MA) is a powerful antimicrobial agent that could be one of the solutions to antimicrobial resistance. The important benefit of this plant comes from its volatile oil compounds named tea tree oil (TTO). On the other hand, studies related to the use of tea tree leaf extract as antimicrobial were still limited. Therefore, an evaluation of the active compound content and antimicrobial activity of tea tree extract obtained from different extraction methods will be carried out. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) was performed to analysis the chemical profile, the antibacterial activity of the extracts was evaluated using the Kirby Bauer method against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, whereas the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was determined by broth dilution method. Based on the chromatographic profile of the extract indicated that cardiac glycosides and terpenoids could be present in maceration and soxhletation extracts. This study suggests that maceration and soxhletation yielded different bioactive compounds from MA. Extracts of MA from both method have an excellent activity to inhibit the S. aureus, and E. coli in a dose-dependent manner. Maceration extract of MA has a stronger effect against E. coli meanwhile the soxhletation extract of MA reveals to have stronger antimicrobial activity against S. aureus. The both extract even obtained from different extraction method yielded the same MIC and MBC values namely = 0.1875% against E. coli. In contrast MBC of S. aureus range from two to fourfold of the MIC, and the maceration seem to have the highest MBC value (MBC = 12%).
{"title":"Antibacterial Activity of Melaleuca alternifolia Extract from Different Extraction Method","authors":"Y. Widiyastuti, Husnul Khotimah Matoha, Fitriana Fitriana","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.36223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.36223","url":null,"abstract":"Melaleuca alternifolia (Tea tree/MA) is a powerful antimicrobial agent that could be one of the solutions to antimicrobial resistance. The important benefit of this plant comes from its volatile oil compounds named tea tree oil (TTO). On the other hand, studies related to the use of tea tree leaf extract as antimicrobial were still limited. Therefore, an evaluation of the active compound content and antimicrobial activity of tea tree extract obtained from different extraction methods will be carried out. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) was performed to analysis the chemical profile, the antibacterial activity of the extracts was evaluated using the Kirby Bauer method against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, whereas the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was determined by broth dilution method. Based on the chromatographic profile of the extract indicated that cardiac glycosides and terpenoids could be present in maceration and soxhletation extracts. This study suggests that maceration and soxhletation yielded different bioactive compounds from MA. Extracts of MA from both method have an excellent activity to inhibit the S. aureus, and E. coli in a dose-dependent manner. Maceration extract of MA has a stronger effect against E. coli meanwhile the soxhletation extract of MA reveals to have stronger antimicrobial activity against S. aureus. The both extract even obtained from different extraction method yielded the same MIC and MBC values namely = 0.1875% against E. coli. In contrast MBC of S. aureus range from two to fourfold of the MIC, and the maceration seem to have the highest MBC value (MBC = 12%).","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90687803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-09DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.36480
Icha Putrimarlin, H. Hasanuddin, S. Safrida, W. Wardiah, D. Andayani
Diabetes mellitus is one of the leading causes of death in the world. Indonesia is a country with the 7th largest population of Diabetes mellitus sufferers in the world in 2015. Many people use plants as diabetes mellitus drugs, in Indonesia More than 500 types of plants have been shown to have hypoglycemic activity because these plants contain compounds that are efficacious as anti-diabetic. This study was aimed to determine as many types of plants as possible that are used as medicinal plants for diabetes mellitus in Beutong sub-district, Nagan Raya district. This research was conducted by conducting interviews with 100 respondents aged 18-60 years who knew information about plants used for Diabetes mellitus.This study used the method of interview, observation, and identification (PlantNet). The results found as many as 29 species of plants from 26 families. Myrtaceae family as the most numerous plants with the number of species as much as 10% and the family Fabaceae with the number of species as much as 7%. Leaves are the part that is most widely used as medicine and the majority of people process it in a different way. Consume by drinking more than by chewing and the recommended dose for consumption is 2 times a day after meals. Benefits for researchers can add information about medicinal plants for diabetes mellitus utilized by the people of Beutong District, Nagan Raya Regency and become one of the references for public knowledge traditional, and become a reference material for students in conducting research next.
{"title":"Utilization Of Plant as A Drug for Diabetes Mellitus By The Community Of Beutong District, Nagan Raya Regency","authors":"Icha Putrimarlin, H. Hasanuddin, S. Safrida, W. Wardiah, D. Andayani","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.36480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.36480","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes mellitus is one of the leading causes of death in the world. Indonesia is a country with the 7th largest population of Diabetes mellitus sufferers in the world in 2015. Many people use plants as diabetes mellitus drugs, in Indonesia More than 500 types of plants have been shown to have hypoglycemic activity because these plants contain compounds that are efficacious as anti-diabetic. This study was aimed to determine as many types of plants as possible that are used as medicinal plants for diabetes mellitus in Beutong sub-district, Nagan Raya district. This research was conducted by conducting interviews with 100 respondents aged 18-60 years who knew information about plants used for Diabetes mellitus.This study used the method of interview, observation, and identification (PlantNet). The results found as many as 29 species of plants from 26 families. Myrtaceae family as the most numerous plants with the number of species as much as 10% and the family Fabaceae with the number of species as much as 7%. Leaves are the part that is most widely used as medicine and the majority of people process it in a different way. Consume by drinking more than by chewing and the recommended dose for consumption is 2 times a day after meals. Benefits for researchers can add information about medicinal plants for diabetes mellitus utilized by the people of Beutong District, Nagan Raya Regency and become one of the references for public knowledge traditional, and become a reference material for students in conducting research next.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90236977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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