Pub Date : 2022-12-02DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.39334
Kiara Lutfiyah
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by above normal blood glucose levels. A α-amylase inhibitors have inhibitory activity against α-amylase enzymes and cause decrease in glucose absorption. Dewandaru (E. uniflora L.) has the potential to produce compounds capable of controlling blood glucose levels. Aspergillus RD2 from twigs of the Dewandaru plant is expected to be able to produce antidiabetic compounds. This study aimed to determine the ability of the Aspergillus RD2 to produce α-amylase inhibitors by determining the production time, extracting α-amylase inhibitor compounds, testing the activity of the supernatant αα-amylase inhibitor and ethyl acetate extract with various concentrations of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10% and GC-MS analysis. The results showed the Aspergillus RD2 was able to produce αα-amylase inhibitors with an inhibitory activity of 59.71%. The incubation time of the Aspergillus RD2 in producing the highest α-amylase inhibitor was on the 7th day. The highest α-amylase inhibitor activity was at a concentration of 6% extract with an inhibition percentage of 82.79%. 9-Octadecenoic acid, 9-Octadecenal and n-Hexadecanoic acid were identified as having α-amylase inhibitor and antidiabetic activity. Aspergillus RD2 is able to produce α-amylase inhibitor compounds that have the potential to be used as antidiabetic drugs.
糖尿病是一种以高于正常血糖水平为特征的代谢紊乱。α-淀粉酶抑制剂对α-淀粉酶具有抑制作用，导致葡萄糖吸收减少。Dewandaru (E. uniflora L.)具有产生能够控制血糖水平的化合物的潜力。从Dewandaru植物的枝条中提取的曲霉RD2有望产生抗糖尿病化合物。本研究旨在通过测定生产时间、提取α-淀粉酶抑制剂化合物、检测α-淀粉酶抑制剂和乙酸乙酯提取物在2%、4%、6%、8%、10%不同浓度下的上清液的活性以及GC-MS分析来确定曲霉RD2生产α-淀粉酶抑制剂的能力。结果表明，RD2曲霉能产生αα-淀粉酶抑制剂，抑制活性为59.71%。产α-淀粉酶抑制剂最高的曲霉RD2孵育时间为第7天。α-淀粉酶抑制剂活性在6%提取物浓度时最高，抑制率为82.79%。9-十八烯酸、9-十八烯酸和正十六烯酸具有α-淀粉酶抑制剂和抗糖尿病活性。曲霉RD2能够产生α-淀粉酶抑制剂化合物，具有作为抗糖尿病药物的潜力。
{"title":"Production of αα-amylase Inhibitors of Aspergillus RD2 from Dewandaru Plant (Eugenia uniflora L.) as Diabetes Drug","authors":"Kiara Lutfiyah","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.39334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.39334","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by above normal blood glucose levels. A α-amylase inhibitors have inhibitory activity against α-amylase enzymes and cause decrease in glucose absorption. Dewandaru (E. uniflora L.) has the potential to produce compounds capable of controlling blood glucose levels. Aspergillus RD2 from twigs of the Dewandaru plant is expected to be able to produce antidiabetic compounds. This study aimed to determine the ability of the Aspergillus RD2 to produce α-amylase inhibitors by determining the production time, extracting α-amylase inhibitor compounds, testing the activity of the supernatant αα-amylase inhibitor and ethyl acetate extract with various concentrations of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10% and GC-MS analysis. The results showed the Aspergillus RD2 was able to produce αα-amylase inhibitors with an inhibitory activity of 59.71%. The incubation time of the Aspergillus RD2 in producing the highest α-amylase inhibitor was on the 7th day. The highest α-amylase inhibitor activity was at a concentration of 6% extract with an inhibition percentage of 82.79%. 9-Octadecenoic acid, 9-Octadecenal and n-Hexadecanoic acid were identified as having α-amylase inhibitor and antidiabetic activity. Aspergillus RD2 is able to produce α-amylase inhibitor compounds that have the potential to be used as antidiabetic drugs.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"29 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83990952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-02DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.39451
Dwi Wahyu Febriyanto, Nurtiati Nurtiati, Endang Mugiastuti, Abdul Manan, Murti Wisnu Ragil Sastyawan, L. Soesanto
Weed pathogenic fungi play an important role in biological control of weeds. Weeds grow a lot among cultivated plants, the role of weed pathogenic fungi to cultivated plants is not yet known. This research aimed to determine the effect of weed pathogenic fungi on bok choy. The research was carried out in Tambaksogra Village, Sumbang District, Banyumas Regency at an altitude of 100 m above sea level. Randomized block design was used with treatments of weed pathogenic fungi (Fusarium sp., Curvularia sp., Chaetomium sp., Fusarium sp. + Curvularia sp., Fusarium sp. + Chaetomium sp., Curvularia sp. + Chaetomium sp., and Fusarium sp. + Curvularia sp. + Chaetomium sp.) repeated four times. The observed variables included symptoms, incubation period, disease intensity, disease incidence, infection rate, AUDPC, number of leaves, plant height, and plant fresh and dry weight. Results showed that Curvularia sp., Chaetomium sp., and Curvularia sp. + Chaetomium sp. did not affect on bok choy, while Fusarium sp., Fusarium sp. + Curvularia sp., Fusarium sp. + Chaetomium sp., and Fusarium sp. x Curvularia sp. + Chaetomium sp. caused disease intensity of 2.7, 2.7, 3.55, and 4.4%, respectively, and affected plant dry weight by 113.35, 82.36, 77, and 74.07 %, respectively, from control. Curvularia sp., Chaetomium sp., and Curvularia sp. + Chaetomium sp. could be used as a bioherbicide in bok choy cultivation.
{"title":"Application of Three Weed Pathogenic Fungi on Bok choy (Brassica rapa subsp. chinnensis)","authors":"Dwi Wahyu Febriyanto, Nurtiati Nurtiati, Endang Mugiastuti, Abdul Manan, Murti Wisnu Ragil Sastyawan, L. Soesanto","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.39451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.39451","url":null,"abstract":"Weed pathogenic fungi play an important role in biological control of weeds. Weeds grow a lot among cultivated plants, the role of weed pathogenic fungi to cultivated plants is not yet known. This research aimed to determine the effect of weed pathogenic fungi on bok choy. The research was carried out in Tambaksogra Village, Sumbang District, Banyumas Regency at an altitude of 100 m above sea level. Randomized block design was used with treatments of weed pathogenic fungi (Fusarium sp., Curvularia sp., Chaetomium sp., Fusarium sp. + Curvularia sp., Fusarium sp. + Chaetomium sp., Curvularia sp. + Chaetomium sp., and Fusarium sp. + Curvularia sp. + Chaetomium sp.) repeated four times. The observed variables included symptoms, incubation period, disease intensity, disease incidence, infection rate, AUDPC, number of leaves, plant height, and plant fresh and dry weight. Results showed that Curvularia sp., Chaetomium sp., and Curvularia sp. + Chaetomium sp. did not affect on bok choy, while Fusarium sp., Fusarium sp. + Curvularia sp., Fusarium sp. + Chaetomium sp., and Fusarium sp. x Curvularia sp. + Chaetomium sp. caused disease intensity of 2.7, 2.7, 3.55, and 4.4%, respectively, and affected plant dry weight by 113.35, 82.36, 77, and 74.07 %, respectively, from control. Curvularia sp., Chaetomium sp., and Curvularia sp. + Chaetomium sp. could be used as a bioherbicide in bok choy cultivation.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75160733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-22DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.39250
E. Kristiani, S. Kasmiyati
Many studies show the antioxidant ability of the parasite plant. This study aims to determine the capacity of Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq and Scurrula ferruginea stem from Syzygium aqueum to use as a natural antioxidant source. The sample was taken from the host Syzygium aqueum. The sampels were exraction with ethanol using maceration. The parameters determined spectrophotometrically using specific reagents that were antioxidant capacity using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, phenolics compounds using Folin-Ciocalteu, flavonoids using AlCl3, ascorbic acid using sulfosalicylic acid, while chlorophyll and carotenoid using dimethyl sulfoxide. The result of D. pentandra (L.) Miq and S. ferruginea extract showed that IC50 were 15.09±1.02 and 20.53±1.77 mg/ml, content of phenolics compounds were 557.45±19.77 and 433.99±20.89 mg GAE/ml extract, flavonoids were 9.72±0.23 and 3.02±0.71 mg QE/ml extract, chlorophylls-a were 2.67± 0.15 and 2.77±0,08 mg/g extract, chlorophylls-b were 3.34±0.06 and 3.44±0.04 mg/g extract, total chlorophylls were 6.01±0.21 mg/g extract, carotenoids were 1.71±0.01 and 2.10±0.01 mg/g extract respectively. The stems of both D. pentandra (L.) Miq and S. ferruginea from Syzygium aqueum have very strong antioxidant abilities so that they are potential to use as a source of natural antioxidants. The compounds support the antioxidant activity were phenolic, flavonoids, and ascorbic acids. The results of this study will open up opportunities to obtain new sources of antioxidants that can be utilized in human health management.
{"title":"The potential of Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq and Scurrula ferruginea stem from Syzygium aqueum as source of natural antioxidant","authors":"E. Kristiani, S. Kasmiyati","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.39250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.39250","url":null,"abstract":"Many studies show the antioxidant ability of the parasite plant. This study aims to determine the capacity of Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq and Scurrula ferruginea stem from Syzygium aqueum to use as a natural antioxidant source. The sample was taken from the host Syzygium aqueum. The sampels were exraction with ethanol using maceration. The parameters determined spectrophotometrically using specific reagents that were antioxidant capacity using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, phenolics compounds using Folin-Ciocalteu, flavonoids using AlCl3, ascorbic acid using sulfosalicylic acid, while chlorophyll and carotenoid using dimethyl sulfoxide. The result of D. pentandra (L.) Miq and S. ferruginea extract showed that IC50 were 15.09±1.02 and 20.53±1.77 mg/ml, content of phenolics compounds were 557.45±19.77 and 433.99±20.89 mg GAE/ml extract, flavonoids were 9.72±0.23 and 3.02±0.71 mg QE/ml extract, chlorophylls-a were 2.67± 0.15 and 2.77±0,08 mg/g extract, chlorophylls-b were 3.34±0.06 and 3.44±0.04 mg/g extract, total chlorophylls were 6.01±0.21 mg/g extract, carotenoids were 1.71±0.01 and 2.10±0.01 mg/g extract respectively. The stems of both D. pentandra (L.) Miq and S. ferruginea from Syzygium aqueum have very strong antioxidant abilities so that they are potential to use as a source of natural antioxidants. The compounds support the antioxidant activity were phenolic, flavonoids, and ascorbic acids. The results of this study will open up opportunities to obtain new sources of antioxidants that can be utilized in human health management.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83250834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-22DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.38588
N. Banowati, E. S. Rahayu
Nepenthes mirabilis (Lour) Druce is a rare ornamental plant and has high economic value so it needs to be preserved. This study aimed to analyze effect of sucrose and BAP concentrations and their optimal interactions in the in vitro multiplication of Nepenthes mirabilis. Explants in the form of in vitro plantlets from Laboratory of Plant Tissue Culture, Department of Biology, Semarang State University. The treatment was carried out by adding sucrose and BAP to murashige skoog (MS) media with various concentrations. The treatments were arranged in two factor completely randomized design with four replications. Plantlets were planted in the treatment medium for 10 weeks, then every week the growth of shoots and leaves of N. mirabilis was observed. The data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance and Duncan's test. The results showed that concentration of sucrose, BAP, and their interactions affected the growth of explants. Plantlets grown on media with sucrose concentration 20 g/l produced the highest number of shoots, media with concentrations BAP 3 and 2 ppm produced the highest number of shoots and number of leaves. Medium ½ MS with varying concentrations of sucrose 20 g/l with 3 ppm BAP and sucrose 20 g/l with 2 ppm BAP resulted in the highest growth in the number of shoots and number of leaves. The composition of this medium can be used for the multiplication of N. mirabilis.
{"title":"In Vitro Multiplication of Nepenthes mirabilis Lour (Druce) with Variations Concentration of Sucrose and BAP","authors":"N. Banowati, E. S. Rahayu","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.38588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.38588","url":null,"abstract":"Nepenthes mirabilis (Lour) Druce is a rare ornamental plant and has high economic value so it needs to be preserved. This study aimed to analyze effect of sucrose and BAP concentrations and their optimal interactions in the in vitro multiplication of Nepenthes mirabilis. Explants in the form of in vitro plantlets from Laboratory of Plant Tissue Culture, Department of Biology, Semarang State University. The treatment was carried out by adding sucrose and BAP to murashige skoog (MS) media with various concentrations. The treatments were arranged in two factor completely randomized design with four replications. Plantlets were planted in the treatment medium for 10 weeks, then every week the growth of shoots and leaves of N. mirabilis was observed. The data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance and Duncan's test. The results showed that concentration of sucrose, BAP, and their interactions affected the growth of explants. Plantlets grown on media with sucrose concentration 20 g/l produced the highest number of shoots, media with concentrations BAP 3 and 2 ppm produced the highest number of shoots and number of leaves. Medium ½ MS with varying concentrations of sucrose 20 g/l with 3 ppm BAP and sucrose 20 g/l with 2 ppm BAP resulted in the highest growth in the number of shoots and number of leaves. The composition of this medium can be used for the multiplication of N. mirabilis.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83318502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-22DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.36531
Dhimas Wildan Humami, P. A. W. Sujono, F. Muzaki, Ajiditya Putro Fadhlillah, Endar Drianto, Y. Lestari
In the mining industry, provision of new habitat through land rehabilitation and affforestation is an important step to anticipate the loss of biodiversity, including bird communities. The positive impacts of land rehabilitation and affforestation thus can be identified from results of periodic monitoring. The turnover of bird communities associated with afforestation is related to changes in structural habitat features that provide food and shelter. In this study, we have monitored bird community assemblages and feeding guild structure in revegetated area of karst in Rembang, Central Java. Three locations (EDP, GBC and GBL) were selected and characterized by different land use, vegetational age and floral composition. Surveys were conducted using point count method in early April for three consecutive years (2020-2022). In total, we have identified 32 bird species from 29 genera, 22 families and 9 orders. Most of birds observed considered as generalist, cosmopolitan and well-adapted to various habitat. Total species richness (19.33±3.22 to 20.67±4.12) and value of diversity index (H’ = 2.41±0.14 to 2.56±0.29) were only slightly differed among locations. Species richness and total abundance in each sites tend to increase along periods of observation, suggesting that bird community change in response to further structural habitat changes that occur as vegetations age. Furthermore, higher abundance occurred in larger area or in sites with more native plant species. The feeding guild costisting 7 groups and dominated by insectivore, both based on number of species (46.88%) and individuals (49.07%). Results of the study are expected to help identify more appropriate management of conservation and habitat restoration in the area.
{"title":"Diversity and Feeding Guild of Birds Along Gradient of Revegetated Area in Karst Ecosystem: a Case Study from Rembang, Central Java","authors":"Dhimas Wildan Humami, P. A. W. Sujono, F. Muzaki, Ajiditya Putro Fadhlillah, Endar Drianto, Y. Lestari","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.36531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.36531","url":null,"abstract":"In the mining industry, provision of new habitat through land rehabilitation and affforestation is an important step to anticipate the loss of biodiversity, including bird communities. The positive impacts of land rehabilitation and affforestation thus can be identified from results of periodic monitoring. The turnover of bird communities associated with afforestation is related to changes in structural habitat features that provide food and shelter. In this study, we have monitored bird community assemblages and feeding guild structure in revegetated area of karst in Rembang, Central Java. Three locations (EDP, GBC and GBL) were selected and characterized by different land use, vegetational age and floral composition. Surveys were conducted using point count method in early April for three consecutive years (2020-2022). In total, we have identified 32 bird species from 29 genera, 22 families and 9 orders. Most of birds observed considered as generalist, cosmopolitan and well-adapted to various habitat. Total species richness (19.33±3.22 to 20.67±4.12) and value of diversity index (H’ = 2.41±0.14 to 2.56±0.29) were only slightly differed among locations. Species richness and total abundance in each sites tend to increase along periods of observation, suggesting that bird community change in response to further structural habitat changes that occur as vegetations age. Furthermore, higher abundance occurred in larger area or in sites with more native plant species. The feeding guild costisting 7 groups and dominated by insectivore, both based on number of species (46.88%) and individuals (49.07%). Results of the study are expected to help identify more appropriate management of conservation and habitat restoration in the area.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84566110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Utilization of Solanum lycopersicum L. and its varieties contribute to plant biotechnology to study the effect of genes and flower transition events. This study aims to optimize media and light intensity for in vitro flowering of a cherry tomato variety. Induction of flowering was carried out using seven types of media combined with 3 light intensities, followed by feeding by adding liquid medium MS+PBZ 1 mg/L. A positive response is shown at the light intensity of 2,600 lux; there are 5 explants that have flower buds. The percentage of flower buds for each treatment combination was 50% from two replications. The first shoots occurred at 142 days after planting (DAP) on explants grown on media containing 0.5 mg/L BA, 0.75 mg/L PBZ, with feeding treatment. It can also be assumed that the emergence of flower buds occurred not because of the PGR induction treatment, but because at that time the explants had entered the generative phase, considering that the plantlets had been growing for a long time. Although the effects of BA and PBZ have not been confirmed, the use of 2,600 lux light appears to be the best condition for cherry tomato in vitro flowering induction.
{"title":"Effect of 6-Benzylaminopurine (BA) and Paclobutrazol (PBZ) with Light Intensity Variations for Cherry Tomatoes In vitro Flowering","authors":"Siska Citra Dewi, Vincentius Riandaru Prasetyo, J. Sukweenadhi, Fenny Irawati, Wina Dian Savitri","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.39392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.39392","url":null,"abstract":"Utilization of Solanum lycopersicum L. and its varieties contribute to plant biotechnology to study the effect of genes and flower transition events. This study aims to optimize media and light intensity for in vitro flowering of a cherry tomato variety. Induction of flowering was carried out using seven types of media combined with 3 light intensities, followed by feeding by adding liquid medium MS+PBZ 1 mg/L. A positive response is shown at the light intensity of 2,600 lux; there are 5 explants that have flower buds. The percentage of flower buds for each treatment combination was 50% from two replications. The first shoots occurred at 142 days after planting (DAP) on explants grown on media containing 0.5 mg/L BA, 0.75 mg/L PBZ, with feeding treatment. It can also be assumed that the emergence of flower buds occurred not because of the PGR induction treatment, but because at that time the explants had entered the generative phase, considering that the plantlets had been growing for a long time. Although the effects of BA and PBZ have not been confirmed, the use of 2,600 lux light appears to be the best condition for cherry tomato in vitro flowering induction.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81852221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-22DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.40221
W. Nugrahaningsih, N. A. Habibah, Ika Fitria Ariyani
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by the high blood glucose levels. The high prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus needed an innovation in prevention, treatment and control of case. Rejasa (Elaeocarpus grandiflorus) is one of plants has the potential to develop as an antidiabetic. The pretest and posttest control group design were conducted to 30 Rattus norvegicus Wistar strain. The rats induced alloxan monohydrate intraperitoneally at dose of 125 mg/kg BW once day until the blood glucose above 200 mg/dL The hyperglycemic rats were divided into 5 groups, that were negative control (K-), positive control (K+, given glibenclamide 0.072 mg/200 gBW), P1 (given E. glandiflorus cell extract 1 mg/kgBW), P2 (given E. glandiflorus cell extract 10 mg/kgBW), and P3 (given E. glandiflorus cell extract 100 mg/kgBW). The rats were given E. glandiflorus and glibenclamide orally for 10 days. Measurement of blood glucose levels was carried out on day 0 and day 10, after 10 h fasting. The mechanism of antidiabetic effect of E. glandiflorus was explored by in silico. The mean of blood glucose levels on day 0 were 455.2 mg/dL (K), 422.8 mg/dL (K+), 469.8 mg/dL (P1), 355.5 mg/dL (P2) and 446 mg/dL (P3). The blood glucose levels on day 10 were 367.8 mg/dL (K-), 89.6 mg/dL (K+), 285.6 mg/dL (P1), 136.8 mg/dL (P2) and 104.8 (P3). Statistical analysis showed the difference between K- from P2(p=0.015) and P3 (p0.001). When compared with K+, only P3 showed no difference (p=0.873). Flavonoid of E. glandiflorus act on insulin receptor pathway and involved HK2, PTPN1, AKT1, PI3KR1, HRAS and GSK3B protein. These results showed that extract cell of E. glandiflorus have antidiabetic activity on insulin receptor pathway.
{"title":"Extract of cell culture Rejasa (Elaeocarpus grandiflorus) Decrease Blood Glucose Through Insulin Receptor Pathway","authors":"W. Nugrahaningsih, N. A. Habibah, Ika Fitria Ariyani","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.40221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.40221","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by the high blood glucose levels. The high prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus needed an innovation in prevention, treatment and control of case. Rejasa (Elaeocarpus grandiflorus) is one of plants has the potential to develop as an antidiabetic. The pretest and posttest control group design were conducted to 30 Rattus norvegicus Wistar strain. The rats induced alloxan monohydrate intraperitoneally at dose of 125 mg/kg BW once day until the blood glucose above 200 mg/dL The hyperglycemic rats were divided into 5 groups, that were negative control (K-), positive control (K+, given glibenclamide 0.072 mg/200 gBW), P1 (given E. glandiflorus cell extract 1 mg/kgBW), P2 (given E. glandiflorus cell extract 10 mg/kgBW), and P3 (given E. glandiflorus cell extract 100 mg/kgBW). The rats were given E. glandiflorus and glibenclamide orally for 10 days. Measurement of blood glucose levels was carried out on day 0 and day 10, after 10 h fasting. The mechanism of antidiabetic effect of E. glandiflorus was explored by in silico. The mean of blood glucose levels on day 0 were 455.2 mg/dL (K), 422.8 mg/dL (K+), 469.8 mg/dL (P1), 355.5 mg/dL (P2) and 446 mg/dL (P3). The blood glucose levels on day 10 were 367.8 mg/dL (K-), 89.6 mg/dL (K+), 285.6 mg/dL (P1), 136.8 mg/dL (P2) and 104.8 (P3). Statistical analysis showed the difference between K- from P2(p=0.015) and P3 (p0.001). When compared with K+, only P3 showed no difference (p=0.873). Flavonoid of E. glandiflorus act on insulin receptor pathway and involved HK2, PTPN1, AKT1, PI3KR1, HRAS and GSK3B protein. These results showed that extract cell of E. glandiflorus have antidiabetic activity on insulin receptor pathway. ","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88091355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-15DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.39705
D. R. Indriyanti
Beauveria bassiana is entomopathogenic fungi that can be cultivated on solid or liquid media. The cultivation of B. bassiana on cracked corn medium leave unwanted waste. Therefore, cultivating B. bassiana on liquid media is expected to shorten the cultivation time and leave no waste. The purpose of the research was to analyze the physical characteristics of B. bassiana colony, the physical changes occur in various formulations of liquid media composition, the changes in the nutritional content and pH level of the growth media, and blastospore density contained in each liquid medium. This research used experimental complete randomized design with six treatments and 4 times repetition. The main phases of this research were the subculture of B. bassiana isolate; the preparation of liquid media consisting of distilled water, Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB), Sugar potato extract (Ekstraks Kentang Gula/EKG), EKG+NPK 1%, EKG+coconut water, EKG+NPK 1%+coconut water each for 150 ml; B. bassisana inoculation into the liquid media; incubation process for 30 days; and measurement of fungal blastospore density, medium pH, and carbohydrate, protein, and lipid content. The results obtained from the morphological observation of B.bassiana on liquid media showed that the colonies are white, growing on the surface of the media with powdery texture. There are some differences in the nutrient content of the media before after 30 days of B. Bassiana incubation. After the incubation, there is an increase in carbohydrate and decrease in protein and lipid content, as well as an increase in pH level of the media. EKG+coconut water medium showed the highest blastospore density by 1.26 x 108 cell/mL on the 15th day after inoculation.
{"title":"Beauveria bassiana Growth and Development in Various Liquid Media","authors":"D. R. Indriyanti","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.39705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.39705","url":null,"abstract":"Beauveria bassiana is entomopathogenic fungi that can be cultivated on solid or liquid media. The cultivation of B. bassiana on cracked corn medium leave unwanted waste. Therefore, cultivating B. bassiana on liquid media is expected to shorten the cultivation time and leave no waste. The purpose of the research was to analyze the physical characteristics of B. bassiana colony, the physical changes occur in various formulations of liquid media composition, the changes in the nutritional content and pH level of the growth media, and blastospore density contained in each liquid medium. This research used experimental complete randomized design with six treatments and 4 times repetition. The main phases of this research were the subculture of B. bassiana isolate; the preparation of liquid media consisting of distilled water, Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB), Sugar potato extract (Ekstraks Kentang Gula/EKG), EKG+NPK 1%, EKG+coconut water, EKG+NPK 1%+coconut water each for 150 ml; B. bassisana inoculation into the liquid media; incubation process for 30 days; and measurement of fungal blastospore density, medium pH, and carbohydrate, protein, and lipid content. The results obtained from the morphological observation of B.bassiana on liquid media showed that the colonies are white, growing on the surface of the media with powdery texture. There are some differences in the nutrient content of the media before after 30 days of B. Bassiana incubation. After the incubation, there is an increase in carbohydrate and decrease in protein and lipid content, as well as an increase in pH level of the media. EKG+coconut water medium showed the highest blastospore density by 1.26 x 108 cell/mL on the 15th day after inoculation.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73523507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-15DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.38379
A. P. Wulandari, N. Rossiana, Ayu Wandira
Ramie (Boehmeria nivea) is one of the Urticaceae family plants with various potential for pharmacological development. In this study, we analyzed the bioactive content of the n-hexane extract of B. nivea leaves and flowers, and the crude extract was tested for antibacterial activity. The metabolites in the leaves and flowers of ramie were analyzed using a Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS). Antibacterial potential analysis was carried out by disc diffusion method using n-hexane extract of ramie leaves and flowers at concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% in inhibiting Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Antibacterial potential was observed based on the average result of three observations of the diameter of the clear zone to determine the effectiveness of the extract. The results showed that the metabolome data of the n-hexane extract of ramie leaves were obtained as many as 40 compounds. Meanwhile, ramie flower metabolome analysis obtained 47 compounds, but one compound has not been identified. The crude n-hexane extract of B. nivea flower gave antibacterial activity at 80% and 100% concentrations against E. coli with an average clear zone of 9.15 ± 0.31 mm and 10.29 ± 0.28 mm. In contrast, the n-hexane extract of B .nivea leaves did not show any antibacterial activity. The results of confirmation of the dominant compound by GC-MS showed that the n-hexane extract consisted of tetratetracontane, tetracontane, Stigmast-5-en-3-ol,(3.beta.,24S)-(CAS)Clionasterol, methyl commate D, and 2,6,10,14,18,22-Tetracosahexsaene,2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyl-, (all-E). The n-hexane extract of B. nivea is recommended for other potential biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and analgesic.
{"title":"GC-MS Analysis of the Bioactive Compounds N-Hexane Extract of Ramie Leaves and Flowers (Boehmeria nivea) and Antibacterial Test Against Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae","authors":"A. P. Wulandari, N. Rossiana, Ayu Wandira","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.38379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.38379","url":null,"abstract":"Ramie (Boehmeria nivea) is one of the Urticaceae family plants with various potential for pharmacological development. In this study, we analyzed the bioactive content of the n-hexane extract of B. nivea leaves and flowers, and the crude extract was tested for antibacterial activity. The metabolites in the leaves and flowers of ramie were analyzed using a Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS). Antibacterial potential analysis was carried out by disc diffusion method using n-hexane extract of ramie leaves and flowers at concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% in inhibiting Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Antibacterial potential was observed based on the average result of three observations of the diameter of the clear zone to determine the effectiveness of the extract. The results showed that the metabolome data of the n-hexane extract of ramie leaves were obtained as many as 40 compounds. Meanwhile, ramie flower metabolome analysis obtained 47 compounds, but one compound has not been identified. The crude n-hexane extract of B. nivea flower gave antibacterial activity at 80% and 100% concentrations against E. coli with an average clear zone of 9.15 ± 0.31 mm and 10.29 ± 0.28 mm. In contrast, the n-hexane extract of B .nivea leaves did not show any antibacterial activity. The results of confirmation of the dominant compound by GC-MS showed that the n-hexane extract consisted of tetratetracontane, tetracontane, Stigmast-5-en-3-ol,(3.beta.,24S)-(CAS)Clionasterol, methyl commate D, and 2,6,10,14,18,22-Tetracosahexsaene,2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyl-, (all-E). The n-hexane extract of B. nivea is recommended for other potential biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and analgesic.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87412290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-15DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.38860
J. Garces, Zynn Niña J. Bayron, Angelique Connie R. Marfa, Jenny Marie J. Español, J. Picardal
Metro Cebu, Philippines has a history of over 800 years of urbanization, making it a unique location for urban ecological studies. Urbanization can have a significant impact on floral communities, but the species composition and variety of urban cemeteries in Metro Cebu have not been reported. We calculated floral species richness (N), abundance (n), evenness (PE), and diversity (H' and D) by conducting the first floral survey (local plants and alien plants) in an urban cemetery in Metro Cebu. Subsequently, we evaluated the distribution pattern of floral species and the relationships between the richness of floral species and human activities. A total of 61 floral species (n=1,515) were recorded, with the proportion of APs (n=53; 86.88%) being much larger than the number of NPS (n=8; 13.11%). Shannon-Wiener Diversity index was calculated to be 2.69, Simpson's Diversity index was 0.16, and Pielou's Evenness was 0.65. Our research provides the first information on floral species in Metro Cebu, Philippines, and serves as a baseline for future studies and conservation efforts.
{"title":"The Living Amongst the Dead: Floral Distribution and Diversity of Alien and Native Plants in Cebu Memorial Park, Cebu City, Philippines","authors":"J. Garces, Zynn Niña J. Bayron, Angelique Connie R. Marfa, Jenny Marie J. Español, J. Picardal","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.38860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.38860","url":null,"abstract":"Metro Cebu, Philippines has a history of over 800 years of urbanization, making it a unique location for urban ecological studies. Urbanization can have a significant impact on floral communities, but the species composition and variety of urban cemeteries in Metro Cebu have not been reported. We calculated floral species richness (N), abundance (n), evenness (PE), and diversity (H' and D) by conducting the first floral survey (local plants and alien plants) in an urban cemetery in Metro Cebu. Subsequently, we evaluated the distribution pattern of floral species and the relationships between the richness of floral species and human activities. A total of 61 floral species (n=1,515) were recorded, with the proportion of APs (n=53; 86.88%) being much larger than the number of NPS (n=8; 13.11%). Shannon-Wiener Diversity index was calculated to be 2.69, Simpson's Diversity index was 0.16, and Pielou's Evenness was 0.65. Our research provides the first information on floral species in Metro Cebu, Philippines, and serves as a baseline for future studies and conservation efforts.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90745714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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