Pub Date : 2022-07-26DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.35637
Francine Hematang, Agustinus Murdjoko, H. Hendri, M. Tokede
Tree height is an important piece of information in forest management. Cost, time, and effort are some of the limiting factors in extracting tree height values on a large scale. The canopy height model approach through aerial photography using UAV can be used to quickly estimate the height of large-scale trees combined with field measurements. CHM analysis was carried out using spatial statistics to get the maximum tree height value based on the tree canopy. Evaluation of accuracy in the form of statistical tests is used to assess the level of accuracy of the estimation. Photogrammetry results show that the obtained CHM has a resolution of 11.8 cm/pixel with the results of the evaluation of tree height accuracy having an RMSE of 2.4 m, MAE 2.0 m, SDE 3.8 m. The chi-square statistical test shows that the results of the tree height estimation accept H0 and there is a strong relationship between the observed tree height and the estimation through linear regression with an R2 value of 0.67. The broad estimation of height shows that Mansinam Island has a tree height in the range of 7 – 66 m. The dominant tree height is in the 19-30 m class with the number of individuals reaching 1,877 trees. This study shows that CHM obtained from aerial photography using low-cost UAVs is still able to estimate tree height well. For future studies, it is necessary to use a ground control point (GCP) to increase the accuracy of the elevation model and orthophoto.
树高是森林管理中的一项重要信息。成本、时间和精力是大规模提取树高值的一些限制因素。利用无人机航拍的树冠高度模型方法可以结合野外测量快速估计大尺度树木的高度。利用空间统计方法进行CHM分析，得到基于树冠的最大树高值。以统计检验的形式对准确性进行评估，以评估估计的准确性水平。摄影测量结果表明，获得的CHM分辨率为11.8 cm/pixel，树高精度评价结果RMSE为2.4 m, MAE为2.0 m, SDE为3.8 m。卡方统计检验表明，树高估计结果接受H0，观测树高与线性回归估计有较强的相关性，R2值为0.67。高度的广义估计表明，Mansinam岛的树高在7 - 66 m之间。优势树高在19 ~ 30 m级，个体数达1877棵。该研究表明，使用低成本无人机的航空摄影获得的CHM仍然能够很好地估计树高。在未来的研究中，有必要使用地面控制点(GCP)来提高高程模型和正射影像的精度。
{"title":"Application Of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Remote Sensing Technology for Estimation of Tree Height in Heterogeneous Forest","authors":"Francine Hematang, Agustinus Murdjoko, H. Hendri, M. Tokede","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.35637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.35637","url":null,"abstract":"Tree height is an important piece of information in forest management. Cost, time, and effort are some of the limiting factors in extracting tree height values on a large scale. The canopy height model approach through aerial photography using UAV can be used to quickly estimate the height of large-scale trees combined with field measurements. CHM analysis was carried out using spatial statistics to get the maximum tree height value based on the tree canopy. Evaluation of accuracy in the form of statistical tests is used to assess the level of accuracy of the estimation. Photogrammetry results show that the obtained CHM has a resolution of 11.8 cm/pixel with the results of the evaluation of tree height accuracy having an RMSE of 2.4 m, MAE 2.0 m, SDE 3.8 m. The chi-square statistical test shows that the results of the tree height estimation accept H0 and there is a strong relationship between the observed tree height and the estimation through linear regression with an R2 value of 0.67. The broad estimation of height shows that Mansinam Island has a tree height in the range of 7 – 66 m. The dominant tree height is in the 19-30 m class with the number of individuals reaching 1,877 trees. This study shows that CHM obtained from aerial photography using low-cost UAVs is still able to estimate tree height well. For future studies, it is necessary to use a ground control point (GCP) to increase the accuracy of the elevation model and orthophoto.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90632791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-26DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.36255
Inosensia Lionetta Pricillia, Ahmad Azhari
Measurement of insomnia is currently generally carried out by medical practitioners by looking at the patient's condition accompanied by symptoms that refer to insomnia. In contrast, minimal quantitative measurements were found. This study proposes an alternative measurement with the acquisition of brainwave activity through electroencephalogram (EEG) in identifying sleep disorders. Insomnia is a common sleep disorder that can make it difficult to fall asleep difficult to stay asleep, or cause waking up too early and not being able to go back to sleep. Insomnia not only weakens energy levels and moods, but also a person's health, performance, and quality of life. This sleep disorder appears due to several factors, such as anxiety, stress, depression, bipolar disorder, or trauma. Photic stimulation is given as an attempt to find a person's body's response to light. Late adolescents with insomnia symptoms with an age range of 17-25 years were included as respondents, had previously been given a simulation test related to the treatment of sleep disorders, and identified severe, moderate, and mild insomnia. Acquisition using Narosky Mindwave Mobile 2 with the electrode in forehead position, Fp1. This study compares several types of insomnia data acquisition from previous studies and obtains patterns of insomniacs based on photic stimulation.
{"title":"Electroencephalogram Detection for Insomnia Patients: A Preliminary Study","authors":"Inosensia Lionetta Pricillia, Ahmad Azhari","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.36255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.36255","url":null,"abstract":"Measurement of insomnia is currently generally carried out by medical practitioners by looking at the patient's condition accompanied by symptoms that refer to insomnia. In contrast, minimal quantitative measurements were found. This study proposes an alternative measurement with the acquisition of brainwave activity through electroencephalogram (EEG) in identifying sleep disorders. Insomnia is a common sleep disorder that can make it difficult to fall asleep difficult to stay asleep, or cause waking up too early and not being able to go back to sleep. Insomnia not only weakens energy levels and moods, but also a person's health, performance, and quality of life. This sleep disorder appears due to several factors, such as anxiety, stress, depression, bipolar disorder, or trauma. Photic stimulation is given as an attempt to find a person's body's response to light. Late adolescents with insomnia symptoms with an age range of 17-25 years were included as respondents, had previously been given a simulation test related to the treatment of sleep disorders, and identified severe, moderate, and mild insomnia. Acquisition using Narosky Mindwave Mobile 2 with the electrode in forehead position, Fp1. This study compares several types of insomnia data acquisition from previous studies and obtains patterns of insomniacs based on photic stimulation.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89241912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-26DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.36185
Joje Mar Perino Sanchez, Reginald Raymund A. Caturza, M. Picardal, Judelynn M. Librinca, Ruby L. Armada, Hedeliza Pineda, Marnan T. Libres, M. Paloma, Sherry P. Ramayla, J. Picardal
Understanding the social-ecological dynamics of freshwater ecosystem is critical for effective planning and sustainable use of the resource. The study aimed to determine the socio-demographic profile, anthropogenic activities, water utilization of the residents, and waste disposal practices along the Sapangdaku River. Here, we examined water utilization, waste disposal practices and their corresponding impact to health, and environmental attitudes of riverside dwellers (n=120) in Sapangdaku River by using a standardized social health and environmental attitudes survey, respectively. Results show that while river water is still largely used for bathing and backyard farming, its known function as (a) disposal area of human and animal waste, (b) quarry site for pebbles and sand and (c) laundry area significantly decreased in recent years. Responses revealed that occurrence of very common ailments such as cough, gastroenteric problems and skin problems are partly associated to poor river water quality. In terms of people’s environmental attitude, ecocentrism is both positively correlated to environmental movement activism (r=0.445, p=0.000) and human utilization of nature (r=-0.275, p=0.006), putting prime value on the sustainable use of river water that provides benefit to the community. Similarly, environmental movement activism and human utilization of nature (r=-0.327, p=0.001) indicates willingness to participate in environmental activities, hence supported by their decision not to use their environment unfavorably. These findings suggest that community’s concern for the river water resulted to increased participation in various strategies to better maximize the use of the river for various purposes. However, efficient management and restoration of river quality require a holistic view of the problem.
{"title":"Water Management Practices and Environmental Attitudes of Riparian Communities in Sapangdaku River, Cebu Island, Philippines","authors":"Joje Mar Perino Sanchez, Reginald Raymund A. Caturza, M. Picardal, Judelynn M. Librinca, Ruby L. Armada, Hedeliza Pineda, Marnan T. Libres, M. Paloma, Sherry P. Ramayla, J. Picardal","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.36185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.36185","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the social-ecological dynamics of freshwater ecosystem is critical for effective planning and sustainable use of the resource. The study aimed to determine the socio-demographic profile, anthropogenic activities, water utilization of the residents, and waste disposal practices along the Sapangdaku River. Here, we examined water utilization, waste disposal practices and their corresponding impact to health, and environmental attitudes of riverside dwellers (n=120) in Sapangdaku River by using a standardized social health and environmental attitudes survey, respectively. Results show that while river water is still largely used for bathing and backyard farming, its known function as (a) disposal area of human and animal waste, (b) quarry site for pebbles and sand and (c) laundry area significantly decreased in recent years. Responses revealed that occurrence of very common ailments such as cough, gastroenteric problems and skin problems are partly associated to poor river water quality. In terms of people’s environmental attitude, ecocentrism is both positively correlated to environmental movement activism (r=0.445, p=0.000) and human utilization of nature (r=-0.275, p=0.006), putting prime value on the sustainable use of river water that provides benefit to the community. Similarly, environmental movement activism and human utilization of nature (r=-0.327, p=0.001) indicates willingness to participate in environmental activities, hence supported by their decision not to use their environment unfavorably. These findings suggest that community’s concern for the river water resulted to increased participation in various strategies to better maximize the use of the river for various purposes. However, efficient management and restoration of river quality require a holistic view of the problem.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78034104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-26DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.34383
S. Isdadiyanto, Anggih Retno Pratiwi, S. M. Mardiati
Foods that contain high levels of fat can cause hyperlipidemia, which is one of the triggering factors for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Neem leaves contain flavonoids, alkaloids and tannins which have the ability to act as hepatoprotectors. This study aimed to determine the Liver Histopathology of Rats Induced by High-Fat Feed After Giving Neem Leaf Ethanol Extract. Twenty-four the male white rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) were divided into 6 treatment groups, namely: normal control (P0); negative control (P1: given high-fat diet); P2 treatment (P1+ 8 mg/200gBW simvastatin); and P1+ the dose of neem leaf ethanolic extract of 75; 100; and 125 mg/200gBW (P3; P4; and P5). Fixation process with 10% Neutral Formalin Buffer (NFB) solution. Liver histopathological preparations were made by paraffin method and Hematoxylin-Eosin staining, histopathological observations with a 400x magnification microscope. Liver histopathology was analyzed descriptively, homogeneous and normally distributed data of liver weight and hepatocyte diameter were analyzed statistically using ANOVA followed by Duncan's test with a significance level of 5% using SPSS 16.0 software. The results showed that the administration of ethanolic extract of neem leaves could improve the liver histology structure. From this study it was concluded that the ethanolic extract of neem leaves can be used as an alternative hepatoprotector.
{"title":"Liver Histopathology of Rats Induced by High-Fat Feed After Giving Neem Leaf Ethanol Extract","authors":"S. Isdadiyanto, Anggih Retno Pratiwi, S. M. Mardiati","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.34383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.34383","url":null,"abstract":"Foods that contain high levels of fat can cause hyperlipidemia, which is one of the triggering factors for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Neem leaves contain flavonoids, alkaloids and tannins which have the ability to act as hepatoprotectors. This study aimed to determine the Liver Histopathology of Rats Induced by High-Fat Feed After Giving Neem Leaf Ethanol Extract. Twenty-four the male white rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) were divided into 6 treatment groups, namely: normal control (P0); negative control (P1: given high-fat diet); P2 treatment (P1+ 8 mg/200gBW simvastatin); and P1+ the dose of neem leaf ethanolic extract of 75; 100; and 125 mg/200gBW (P3; P4; and P5). Fixation process with 10% Neutral Formalin Buffer (NFB) solution. Liver histopathological preparations were made by paraffin method and Hematoxylin-Eosin staining, histopathological observations with a 400x magnification microscope. Liver histopathology was analyzed descriptively, homogeneous and normally distributed data of liver weight and hepatocyte diameter were analyzed statistically using ANOVA followed by Duncan's test with a significance level of 5% using SPSS 16.0 software. The results showed that the administration of ethanolic extract of neem leaves could improve the liver histology structure. From this study it was concluded that the ethanolic extract of neem leaves can be used as an alternative hepatoprotector.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83749748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-10DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v13i3.31265
S. Suhartono, Wilda Mahdani, Rajuliana Rajuliana
Fungal infection can occur in almost all parts of the human body, including the respiratory system. One group of fungi causing opportunistic infections in the lungs also known as pulmonary candidiasis is Candida spp. This study aimed to determine species diversity and antifungal sensitivity of Candida sp. causing pulmonary candidiasis from sputum specimen isolates in the Zainoel Abidin Hospital (ZAH). The sputum specimens were from inpatients and outpatients during a period of January 2019 to January 2021. Identification of Candida spp. and the antifungal sensitivity were carried out using culture and Gram Staining as well as the VITEK® 2 Compact. The results of this study indicated that there were six species of Candida sp. obtained from the study period. Of total 73 isolates, the highest percentage of species was Candida albicans (56.16%). The percentage of pulmonary candidiasis based on age was dominated by the early-late age category 46-65 years (50.68%) and based on sex was dominated by men (71.23%). Antifungal susceptibility assays revealed that the Candida species remained highly susceptible to the antifungals (amphotericin B, caspofungin, flucytosine, fluconazole, micafungin, and voriconazole), i.e., greater than 91 percent. Overall, the results of this study indicated that pulmonary candidiasis were predominantly related to C. albicans and C. tropicalis infections in ZAH and the sensitivity of antifungal drugs remained empirically and definitively effective. This research might be important as a part of infection prevention and control strategies, as well as the administration of empirical antifungals to combat Candida-mediated lung infections.
{"title":"Species Distribution and Antifungal Susceptibility of Candida spp. responsible for Pulmonary Candidiasis","authors":"S. Suhartono, Wilda Mahdani, Rajuliana Rajuliana","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v13i3.31265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v13i3.31265","url":null,"abstract":"Fungal infection can occur in almost all parts of the human body, including the respiratory system. One group of fungi causing opportunistic infections in the lungs also known as pulmonary candidiasis is Candida spp. This study aimed to determine species diversity and antifungal sensitivity of Candida sp. causing pulmonary candidiasis from sputum specimen isolates in the Zainoel Abidin Hospital (ZAH). The sputum specimens were from inpatients and outpatients during a period of January 2019 to January 2021. Identification of Candida spp. and the antifungal sensitivity were carried out using culture and Gram Staining as well as the VITEK® 2 Compact. The results of this study indicated that there were six species of Candida sp. obtained from the study period. Of total 73 isolates, the highest percentage of species was Candida albicans (56.16%). The percentage of pulmonary candidiasis based on age was dominated by the early-late age category 46-65 years (50.68%) and based on sex was dominated by men (71.23%). Antifungal susceptibility assays revealed that the Candida species remained highly susceptible to the antifungals (amphotericin B, caspofungin, flucytosine, fluconazole, micafungin, and voriconazole), i.e., greater than 91 percent. Overall, the results of this study indicated that pulmonary candidiasis were predominantly related to C. albicans and C. tropicalis infections in ZAH and the sensitivity of antifungal drugs remained empirically and definitively effective. This research might be important as a part of infection prevention and control strategies, as well as the administration of empirical antifungals to combat Candida-mediated lung infections.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75385880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-27DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v13i2.26987
Eddy Tri Sucianto, Muachiroh Abbas
Vegetables polyculture system is potentially increasing pathogenic fungi diversity because various plant hosts are available. There is no data about patogenic fungi diversity at polyculture vegetable farming in Serang village, District of Karangreja, Purbalingga Regency. This study aimed to determine patogenic fungal diversity and disease percentage caused by the fungi at polyculture vegetable farming in Serang village, District of Karangreja, Purbalingga Regency. This research used purposive random sampling. Infected plants were collected at ten polyculture farming locations and fungal identification was performed at the laboratory. Fungi were identified morphologically based on the signs, symptoms, as well as macroscopic and microscopic characters. The fungi's pathogenity was determined by applying Koch's postulate test. The data were analyzed descriptively through literature comparison. The results showed that seven fungal species were found at polyculture farms in Serang Village. The obtained fungi were Colletotrichum sp., Fusarium sp., Alternaria sp., Septoria sp., Cercospora sp., Botryodiplodia sp., and Nigrospora sp. The lowest damage was 18.24% on tomato fruit infected by Fusarium sp. and the highest was on chili plants which was caused by Colletotrichum sp. The data is the first report for polycuture system. The obtained data has important implication for the management of vegetables farming in Serang Village.
{"title":"Diversity of Pathogenic Fungi and Disease on Vegetable Crops at Polyculture Systems","authors":"Eddy Tri Sucianto, Muachiroh Abbas","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v13i2.26987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v13i2.26987","url":null,"abstract":"Vegetables polyculture system is potentially increasing pathogenic fungi diversity because various plant hosts are available. There is no data about patogenic fungi diversity at polyculture vegetable farming in Serang village, District of Karangreja, Purbalingga Regency. This study aimed to determine patogenic fungal diversity and disease percentage caused by the fungi at polyculture vegetable farming in Serang village, District of Karangreja, Purbalingga Regency. This research used purposive random sampling. Infected plants were collected at ten polyculture farming locations and fungal identification was performed at the laboratory. Fungi were identified morphologically based on the signs, symptoms, as well as macroscopic and microscopic characters. The fungi's pathogenity was determined by applying Koch's postulate test. The data were analyzed descriptively through literature comparison. The results showed that seven fungal species were found at polyculture farms in Serang Village. The obtained fungi were Colletotrichum sp., Fusarium sp., Alternaria sp., Septoria sp., Cercospora sp., Botryodiplodia sp., and Nigrospora sp. The lowest damage was 18.24% on tomato fruit infected by Fusarium sp. and the highest was on chili plants which was caused by Colletotrichum sp. The data is the first report for polycuture system. The obtained data has important implication for the management of vegetables farming in Serang Village.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45523850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-27DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v13i2.27809
S. Sutomo, R. Iryadi, I. Sumerta
Aquilaria malaccensis and Gyrinops versteegii are agarwood producing plant species that is widely used because of its fragrance. Gyrinops versteegii has not been much cultivated and along with the decreasing population of G. versteegii in its natural habitat. This study aimed to assess scarcity status of Gyrinops versteegii based on distribution records from both herbarium and field exploration to assist the formulation of its conservation policy. Distribution data were obtained from online database and also from field exploration in Lombok, Sumbawa, and Flores Islands to obtain the population information. Area of Occupancy (AOO) and Extent of Occurrence (EOO) were calculated using GeoCAT (Geospatial Conservation Assessment Tool) and IUCN status recommendation was discussed. The estimated EOO was 868,422,919 km2, exceeding the value required for the threatened category. Based on EOO, it is included in the Least Concern (LC) category, but the EOO covers a large area of the ocean so the AOO was 116 km2 as meets criterion B (AOO<500 km2). It can be categorized into endangered (EN). Population data and conservation status of G verstegii are very important to provide recommendations on the quota wild-harvesting of agarwood by stakeholders.
{"title":"Conservation Status of Agarwood-Producing Species (Gyrinops versteegii) in Indonesia","authors":"S. Sutomo, R. Iryadi, I. Sumerta","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v13i2.27809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v13i2.27809","url":null,"abstract":"Aquilaria malaccensis and Gyrinops versteegii are agarwood producing plant species that is widely used because of its fragrance. Gyrinops versteegii has not been much cultivated and along with the decreasing population of G. versteegii in its natural habitat. This study aimed to assess scarcity status of Gyrinops versteegii based on distribution records from both herbarium and field exploration to assist the formulation of its conservation policy. Distribution data were obtained from online database and also from field exploration in Lombok, Sumbawa, and Flores Islands to obtain the population information. Area of Occupancy (AOO) and Extent of Occurrence (EOO) were calculated using GeoCAT (Geospatial Conservation Assessment Tool) and IUCN status recommendation was discussed. The estimated EOO was 868,422,919 km2, exceeding the value required for the threatened category. Based on EOO, it is included in the Least Concern (LC) category, but the EOO covers a large area of the ocean so the AOO was 116 km2 as meets criterion B (AOO<500 km2). It can be categorized into endangered (EN). Population data and conservation status of G verstegii are very important to provide recommendations on the quota wild-harvesting of agarwood by stakeholders.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44184548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-27DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v13i2.30175
Y. Sasaerila, S. Sakinah, N. Noriko, R. S. Wijihastuti
Canna indica L (African arrowroot), is a beneficial, multi-use tropical perennial with a worldwide distribution, but relatively unexplored. This plant has the potential to be developed as a food crop in an intercropping system, utilizing idle land under commercial plantations such as rubber or teak. This study aimed to determine the best light-growing conditions for C. indica. A completely randomized design was used with growth light as the treatment consisting of 25%, 50%, and 100% of natural light, respectively. Leaf traits, growth characteristics, and phenotypic plasticity were used to measure C. indica’s response to different treatments. The results of this study showed that C. indica grown in low light has the best growth with increased height, leaf area, root and shoot dry weights, but decreased leaf thickness, which caused the increase in specific leaf area, leaf area ratio, and leaf weight ratio, but decreased root to shoot ratio. Based on leaf traits and biomass allocation, the phenotypic plasticity index was 0.23, a typical number for shade tolerant species. These findings were the first time to be reported for C. indica. For agroforestry practices, it can be recommended that C. indica be used as an intercropping plant under tree canopies.
{"title":"Effects of Light Environments on Leaf Traits and Phenotypic Plasticity of Canna indica","authors":"Y. Sasaerila, S. Sakinah, N. Noriko, R. S. Wijihastuti","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v13i2.30175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v13i2.30175","url":null,"abstract":"Canna indica L (African arrowroot), is a beneficial, multi-use tropical perennial with a worldwide distribution, but relatively unexplored. This plant has the potential to be developed as a food crop in an intercropping system, utilizing idle land under commercial plantations such as rubber or teak. This study aimed to determine the best light-growing conditions for C. indica. A completely randomized design was used with growth light as the treatment consisting of 25%, 50%, and 100% of natural light, respectively. Leaf traits, growth characteristics, and phenotypic plasticity were used to measure C. indica’s response to different treatments. The results of this study showed that C. indica grown in low light has the best growth with increased height, leaf area, root and shoot dry weights, but decreased leaf thickness, which caused the increase in specific leaf area, leaf area ratio, and leaf weight ratio, but decreased root to shoot ratio. Based on leaf traits and biomass allocation, the phenotypic plasticity index was 0.23, a typical number for shade tolerant species. These findings were the first time to be reported for C. indica. For agroforestry practices, it can be recommended that C. indica be used as an intercropping plant under tree canopies.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44439084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-25DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v13i2.29459
R. F. Yuneldi, T. R. Saraswati, E. Y. W. Yuniwarti
Tithonia diversifolia can be used as an antidiabetic, so it is necessary to study the safety of its use, especially the side effects on the liver and kidneys. This study aimed to determine the effect of using T. diversifolia leaf extract through histomorphometry observations of the liver and kidneys of hyperglycemic albino rats. The study design used a completely randomized design (CRD). This study used 20 male albino rats which were divided into five treatment groups, there were T0 (rat normal/control), T1 (hyperglycemic rat without T. diversifolia leaf extract), T2 (hyperglycemic rat administered with Glibenclamide 10 mg/kg BW), T3 (hyperglycemic rat administered with T. diversifolia leaf extract 150 mg/kg BW), T4 (hyperglycemic rat administered with T. diversifolia leaf extract 300 mg/kg BW). Every treatment was repeated four times. The damage of hepatocyte and the glomerular cell was observed through histological structure observation by histomorphometry method using a photomicrography microscope (Olympus BX51). The results indicate that there were significant differences (P < 0.05) in the variable of hepatocytes diameter and there was no significant different (P > 0.05) result on glomerular diameter, as well as kidney and liver weight. It was concluded that T. diversifolia leaf extract of 150 mg/kg BW and 300 mg/kg BW are safe to be used as antidiabetic. It does not cause any side effects on the liver and kidneys of hyperglycemic albino rats. Thereby T. diversifolia leaf extract can be further tested as preparation of biopharmaca which can be used as herbal medicines for diabetics.
{"title":"The Histomorphometry of Liver and Kidney of Hyperglycemic Albino Rats after Treatment with Tithonia diversifolia Leaf Extract","authors":"R. F. Yuneldi, T. R. Saraswati, E. Y. W. Yuniwarti","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v13i2.29459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v13i2.29459","url":null,"abstract":"Tithonia diversifolia can be used as an antidiabetic, so it is necessary to study the safety of its use, especially the side effects on the liver and kidneys. This study aimed to determine the effect of using T. diversifolia leaf extract through histomorphometry observations of the liver and kidneys of hyperglycemic albino rats. The study design used a completely randomized design (CRD). This study used 20 male albino rats which were divided into five treatment groups, there were T0 (rat normal/control), T1 (hyperglycemic rat without T. diversifolia leaf extract), T2 (hyperglycemic rat administered with Glibenclamide 10 mg/kg BW), T3 (hyperglycemic rat administered with T. diversifolia leaf extract 150 mg/kg BW), T4 (hyperglycemic rat administered with T. diversifolia leaf extract 300 mg/kg BW). Every treatment was repeated four times. The damage of hepatocyte and the glomerular cell was observed through histological structure observation by histomorphometry method using a photomicrography microscope (Olympus BX51). The results indicate that there were significant differences (P < 0.05) in the variable of hepatocytes diameter and there was no significant different (P > 0.05) result on glomerular diameter, as well as kidney and liver weight. It was concluded that T. diversifolia leaf extract of 150 mg/kg BW and 300 mg/kg BW are safe to be used as antidiabetic. It does not cause any side effects on the liver and kidneys of hyperglycemic albino rats. Thereby T. diversifolia leaf extract can be further tested as preparation of biopharmaca which can be used as herbal medicines for diabetics.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46566565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-25DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v13i2.29516
S. Isdadiyanto, S. M. Mardiati, A. J. Sitasiwi
Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Neem) is a medicinal plant that contains antioxidants, antihyperlipidemia, and has antidiabetic activity. This research aimed to examine the effect of neem leaf ethanolic extract on blood glucose levels of white rats given high-fat rations. The male white rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) with two months of age were used. The treatment of test animals consisted of six treatment groups and four replications, namely: the control group (P0); given high fat rations + duck egg yolk 2.5 ml/200gBW (P1); given high-fat rations + 8 mg/200gBW simvastatin (P2); and P1+ the dose of neem leaf ethanolic extract of 75; 100; and 125 mg/200gBW (P3; P4; and P5). Blood-glucose levels were analyzed by colorimetric enzymatic method using Roche Diagnostics Cobas C reagents kits. Blood-glucose level was determined using Roche / Hitachi cobas c systems automatically. Homogeneous and normally distributed data of blood-glucose levels, body weight and feed consumption were analyzed statistically using ANOVA followed by Duncan's test with a significance level of 5% using SPSS 16.0 software. The results indicated that giving the neem leaf ethanolic extract of could reduce the blood glucose levels. In this study, it was concluded that the neem leaf ethanolic extract of could potentially be used as an alternative to cure diabetes mellitus.
{"title":"Blood-Glucose Levels of Rats Given High-Fat Diets after Administration of Neem Leaf Ethanolic Extract","authors":"S. Isdadiyanto, S. M. Mardiati, A. J. Sitasiwi","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v13i2.29516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v13i2.29516","url":null,"abstract":"Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Neem) is a medicinal plant that contains antioxidants, antihyperlipidemia, and has antidiabetic activity. This research aimed to examine the effect of neem leaf ethanolic extract on blood glucose levels of white rats given high-fat rations. The male white rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) with two months of age were used. The treatment of test animals consisted of six treatment groups and four replications, namely: the control group (P0); given high fat rations + duck egg yolk 2.5 ml/200gBW (P1); given high-fat rations + 8 mg/200gBW simvastatin (P2); and P1+ the dose of neem leaf ethanolic extract of 75; 100; and 125 mg/200gBW (P3; P4; and P5). Blood-glucose levels were analyzed by colorimetric enzymatic method using Roche Diagnostics Cobas C reagents kits. Blood-glucose level was determined using Roche / Hitachi cobas c systems automatically. Homogeneous and normally distributed data of blood-glucose levels, body weight and feed consumption were analyzed statistically using ANOVA followed by Duncan's test with a significance level of 5% using SPSS 16.0 software. The results indicated that giving the neem leaf ethanolic extract of could reduce the blood glucose levels. In this study, it was concluded that the neem leaf ethanolic extract of could potentially be used as an alternative to cure diabetes mellitus.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45114735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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