Pub Date : 2022-08-08DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.37700
S. H. Bintari, Dhimas Fajar Eka Purnama, Danang Dwi Saputro, S. Sunyoto, P. Dewi, Ibnul Mubarok
Tempe is a popular fermented food in Indonesia, one of the important things in the process of making tempeh is the tempe incubation container. The purpose of this study was to prove the quality of tempe products made using the tempe mold innovation suitable for production, to analyze the comparison between the quality of tempe products made using a tempe incubation tool and without using the tool. Experimental research with Completely Randomized Design (CRD), applying a tempe incubator and without using a tool as a control. Test methods used include testing water content, hygiene, number of mold colonies and protein content. Based on the results of the study, tempe products made using a tempe printer contain a moisture content of 51.4 - 56.2%, protein content 17.92 - 18.58%, the number of mold colonies 3.65 x 105 untill 4.08 x 105 cell/gr and negative Escherichia coli. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that the tempe products made using the tempe mold innovation tool had met the biological and chemical quality standards based on SNI 3144:2015 and had an overall quality test result that was superior to the control.
{"title":"Microbiological and Biochemical Tests on Tempe Production Using Tempe Mold Innovation","authors":"S. H. Bintari, Dhimas Fajar Eka Purnama, Danang Dwi Saputro, S. Sunyoto, P. Dewi, Ibnul Mubarok","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.37700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.37700","url":null,"abstract":"Tempe is a popular fermented food in Indonesia, one of the important things in the process of making tempeh is the tempe incubation container. The purpose of this study was to prove the quality of tempe products made using the tempe mold innovation suitable for production, to analyze the comparison between the quality of tempe products made using a tempe incubation tool and without using the tool. Experimental research with Completely Randomized Design (CRD), applying a tempe incubator and without using a tool as a control. Test methods used include testing water content, hygiene, number of mold colonies and protein content. Based on the results of the study, tempe products made using a tempe printer contain a moisture content of 51.4 - 56.2%, protein content 17.92 - 18.58%, the number of mold colonies 3.65 x 105 untill 4.08 x 105 cell/gr and negative Escherichia coli. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that the tempe products made using the tempe mold innovation tool had met the biological and chemical quality standards based on SNI 3144:2015 and had an overall quality test result that was superior to the control.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90388877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-08DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.35431
W. Christijanti, A. Marianti, R. Susanti, S. K. Rakainsa
One of the management of diabetics is to maintain stable glucose levels. Often diabetes treatment combines chemical drugs with medicinal plants. People have consumed a lot of Moringa leaves which are believed to be able to maintain body condition. One of the benefits of Moringa leaves with phytochemical components in it is as a hepatoprotector. The aim of this study was to analyze the role of Moringa leaf extract on liver function parameters of hyperglycemic rats. There were 4 groups, normal control (K0), hyperglycemic rats with induction of alloxan 125 mg/kg bw and divided into three groups treated with moringa leaf extract at a dose of 0 mg (K1), 200 mg (T1) and 400 mg/kg bw (T2 ) for 21 days. The variables measured were aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, total cholesterol. Data were analyzed with Anova P0.05 and Least Significance Different (LSD) follow-up test. The results showed that the levels of AST and ALT were highest in the K1 group which then decreased significantly in the group that received Moringa extract (T1 and T2). Statistically there was a significant difference (p0.05) between the control and treatment groups. Cholesterol levels in the control group were significantly lower than the diabetes and treatment groups, but there was no significant difference between the treatment groups. The conclusion is that Moringa leaf extract has an effect on reducing liver enzyme levels and cholesterol in hyperglycemic rats. This research adds to the study of the hepatoprotective potential of Moringa leaf extract in hyperglycemic rats.
{"title":"The Effect Of Moringa Leaf Extract On Hyperglycemic Rat Liver Function","authors":"W. Christijanti, A. Marianti, R. Susanti, S. K. Rakainsa","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.35431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.35431","url":null,"abstract":"One of the management of diabetics is to maintain stable glucose levels. Often diabetes treatment combines chemical drugs with medicinal plants. People have consumed a lot of Moringa leaves which are believed to be able to maintain body condition. One of the benefits of Moringa leaves with phytochemical components in it is as a hepatoprotector. The aim of this study was to analyze the role of Moringa leaf extract on liver function parameters of hyperglycemic rats. There were 4 groups, normal control (K0), hyperglycemic rats with induction of alloxan 125 mg/kg bw and divided into three groups treated with moringa leaf extract at a dose of 0 mg (K1), 200 mg (T1) and 400 mg/kg bw (T2 ) for 21 days. The variables measured were aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, total cholesterol. Data were analyzed with Anova P0.05 and Least Significance Different (LSD) follow-up test. The results showed that the levels of AST and ALT were highest in the K1 group which then decreased significantly in the group that received Moringa extract (T1 and T2). Statistically there was a significant difference (p0.05) between the control and treatment groups. Cholesterol levels in the control group were significantly lower than the diabetes and treatment groups, but there was no significant difference between the treatment groups. The conclusion is that Moringa leaf extract has an effect on reducing liver enzyme levels and cholesterol in hyperglycemic rats. This research adds to the study of the hepatoprotective potential of Moringa leaf extract in hyperglycemic rats.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75403735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-08DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.35722
Irma Suryani, K. Eriani, S. Suhartono
Physalis minimahas been used as herbal medicine because it is believed by the community to cure neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of P.minima extract in increasing the proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from mouse (Musmusculus) bone marrow (BM). BM from the femur and tibia were isolated using a flushing method. BM-MSC primary culture was conducted in mesenPROÒ medium at 37ᵒC in a 5% CO2 incubator until it reached a 70% confluence.BM-MSCs were sub-cultured overnight in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Media (mDMEM). The mDMEM was replaced with a treatment medium on the second day of subculture. The treatment medium was changed every three days and evaluated under an inverted microscope by counting the number of cells at the beginning and the end of the incubation period. The proliferation rate is expressed as PDT, which was statistically analyzed using ANOVA at a significance level of 0.05% and followed-up with Duncan's test. Statistically, P. minima leaf extract could significantly reduce the PDT value. The optimum dose of P. minima leaf extract that can increase the proliferation of BM-MSC was 0.8 mg/ml. It is concluded that P. minima leaf extract was effective as an inducer of BM-MSC proliferation. The data obtained is the preliminary data on the use of P.minimaextracts in stem cell-based therapy. The results of this study provide important information in scientifically proving the potential of P. minima extract on stem cell proliferation.
小浆草被用作草药，因为它被认为可以治疗神经退行性疾病和心血管疾病。本研究的目的是确定马齿苋提取物对小鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(MSC)增殖的促进作用。用冲洗法从股骨和胫骨分离BM。BM-MSC原代培养在mesenPROÒ培养基中，在37℃下，在5% CO2培养箱中进行，直到达到70%的汇合。BM-MSCs在Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Media (mDMEM)中传代培养过夜。在继代培养的第二天将mDMEM替换为处理培养基。每三天更换一次培养基，在倒置显微镜下通过计数孵育期开始和结束时的细胞数量来评估。增殖率以PDT表示，采用方差分析(ANOVA)进行统计学分析，显著性水平为0.05%，并进行Duncan检验。从统计学上看，小檗叶提取物能显著降低PDT值。对bmm - msc增殖有促进作用的最佳剂量为0.8 mg/ml。综上所述，小檗叶提取物具有诱导骨髓间充质干细胞增殖的作用。获得的数据是在干细胞为基础的治疗中使用马齿苋提取物的初步数据。本研究结果为科学证明小红花提取物对干细胞增殖的潜力提供了重要信息。
{"title":"The Effect of Ciplukan (Physalis minima) Leaf Extract on Mesenchymal Stem Cell Proliferation and Population Doubling Time (PDT) In Vitro","authors":"Irma Suryani, K. Eriani, S. Suhartono","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.35722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.35722","url":null,"abstract":"Physalis minimahas been used as herbal medicine because it is believed by the community to cure neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of P.minima extract in increasing the proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from mouse (Musmusculus) bone marrow (BM). BM from the femur and tibia were isolated using a flushing method. BM-MSC primary culture was conducted in mesenPROÒ medium at 37ᵒC in a 5% CO2 incubator until it reached a 70% confluence.BM-MSCs were sub-cultured overnight in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Media (mDMEM). The mDMEM was replaced with a treatment medium on the second day of subculture. The treatment medium was changed every three days and evaluated under an inverted microscope by counting the number of cells at the beginning and the end of the incubation period. The proliferation rate is expressed as PDT, which was statistically analyzed using ANOVA at a significance level of 0.05% and followed-up with Duncan's test. Statistically, P. minima leaf extract could significantly reduce the PDT value. The optimum dose of P. minima leaf extract that can increase the proliferation of BM-MSC was 0.8 mg/ml. It is concluded that P. minima leaf extract was effective as an inducer of BM-MSC proliferation. The data obtained is the preliminary data on the use of P.minimaextracts in stem cell-based therapy. The results of this study provide important information in scientifically proving the potential of P. minima extract on stem cell proliferation.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"221 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89132619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-08DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.36348
F. Kuswantoro, A. S. Li'aini
Physical dormancy is a typical kind of dormancy in Fabaceae species, including Gleditsia assamica. Physical dormancy is caused by the impermeability of the seed coat and can be alleviated, among others, by mechanical scarification. Previous studies on mechanical scarification effect on G. assamica seed focus only on its germination parameter without regard to its effect on seed water upatke. As germination is initiated with water uptake, current study aims to understand the treatment effect on both of seed water uptake and germination parameters. Tetrazolium dyeing and seed weight measurement trials were conducted to study the seed water uptake. Meanwhile, a germination test is conducted to investigate the treatment's influence on the seed germination parameters. This study shows that mechanical scarification can enhance G. assamica seed water uptake. The treatment was also significantly improve final germination percentage and germination speed index. This study result gives us a clearer understanding of the effect of mechanical scarification to alleviate G. assamica dormancy and germination, which will be advantageous to the species conservation and domestication efforts.
{"title":"Mechanical Scarification Influence on Gleditsia assamica Bor Water Uptake and Germination","authors":"F. Kuswantoro, A. S. Li'aini","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.36348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.36348","url":null,"abstract":"Physical dormancy is a typical kind of dormancy in Fabaceae species, including Gleditsia assamica. Physical dormancy is caused by the impermeability of the seed coat and can be alleviated, among others, by mechanical scarification. Previous studies on mechanical scarification effect on G. assamica seed focus only on its germination parameter without regard to its effect on seed water upatke. As germination is initiated with water uptake, current study aims to understand the treatment effect on both of seed water uptake and germination parameters. Tetrazolium dyeing and seed weight measurement trials were conducted to study the seed water uptake. Meanwhile, a germination test is conducted to investigate the treatment's influence on the seed germination parameters. This study shows that mechanical scarification can enhance G. assamica seed water uptake. The treatment was also significantly improve final germination percentage and germination speed index. This study result gives us a clearer understanding of the effect of mechanical scarification to alleviate G. assamica dormancy and germination, which will be advantageous to the species conservation and domestication efforts.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73414406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-08DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.37711
N. Subekti, Retno Wulandari
The use of disposable medical masks during the Covid-19 pandemic can cause solid waste problems in the environment. The subterranean termite Macrotermes gilvus Hagen has the potential to degrade medical mask waste due to the presence of microorganisms in its intestines. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of adding starter bacteria from the intestine of the subterranean termite M. gilvus Hagen and the most optimal composting time in the degradation of medical mask waste according to SNI standards based on physical properties (color, smell, and texture), chemical properties (C-Organic content, N content, and C/N) compost. The results showed that the addition of bacterial starter from the subterranean termite intestine M. gilvus Hagen with a concentration of 50% and a composting time of 5 weeks gave the best compost yield according to SNI No. 19-7030-2004 because it has a dark brown color, crumb texture, smells like soil, 20.22% C-Organic content, 1.35% total N content, and 15.14% C/N content. This research can be recommended as an alternative solution for waste management using biological agents.
{"title":"The Role of Bacteria in the Termites Intestine Macrotermes gilvus Hagen as a Biological Agent in the Degradation of Medical Mask Waste","authors":"N. Subekti, Retno Wulandari","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.37711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.37711","url":null,"abstract":"The use of disposable medical masks during the Covid-19 pandemic can cause solid waste problems in the environment. The subterranean termite Macrotermes gilvus Hagen has the potential to degrade medical mask waste due to the presence of microorganisms in its intestines. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of adding starter bacteria from the intestine of the subterranean termite M. gilvus Hagen and the most optimal composting time in the degradation of medical mask waste according to SNI standards based on physical properties (color, smell, and texture), chemical properties (C-Organic content, N content, and C/N) compost. The results showed that the addition of bacterial starter from the subterranean termite intestine M. gilvus Hagen with a concentration of 50% and a composting time of 5 weeks gave the best compost yield according to SNI No. 19-7030-2004 because it has a dark brown color, crumb texture, smells like soil, 20.22% C-Organic content, 1.35% total N content, and 15.14% C/N content. This research can be recommended as an alternative solution for waste management using biological agents.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82167416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-08DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.35703
M. Aprilia, N. Setiari, Y. Nurchayati
Potato has the potential for food diversification.The propagation method in a short period is needed. One of the methods used is plant tissue culture. Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP), determine the success of propagation by tissue culture method. This research aimed to study the use of different BAP concentrations for callus development from stem explants. The explants put on culture medium added by 0, 1, 2, 3 ppm BAP. The development of the stem explant observed every week for a month. The results showed that callus formed in all media. Without BAP treatment, callus were formed after 2 weeks and got browning, then stopped growing. Callus grew and showed differentiation by application of all the BAP concentration. Callus greowth was optimally at 2 ppm BAP treatment. The callus from 1 ppm BAP produced the most number of roots, shoots and leaves than another concentration. This experiment showed that different BAP concentrations affected callus development of S. tuberosum from stem explant. The conclusion was callus growth has obtained by the treatment of 2 ppm BAP, while the development of callus has obtained on addition of 1 ppm BAP. The novelty of this research is the callus induction method from potato sprout stems grown from potato seeds with plant growth regulators Benzyl Amino Purine. Callus induction method from potato sprout stems grown from potato seeds can be a guide for embryogenic callus induction.
{"title":"Callus Development from Potato (Solanum tuberosum) Stem at Various Concentrations of Benzylaminopurine","authors":"M. Aprilia, N. Setiari, Y. Nurchayati","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.35703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.35703","url":null,"abstract":"Potato has the potential for food diversification.The propagation method in a short period is needed. One of the methods used is plant tissue culture. Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP), determine the success of propagation by tissue culture method. This research aimed to study the use of different BAP concentrations for callus development from stem explants. The explants put on culture medium added by 0, 1, 2, 3 ppm BAP. The development of the stem explant observed every week for a month. The results showed that callus formed in all media. Without BAP treatment, callus were formed after 2 weeks and got browning, then stopped growing. Callus grew and showed differentiation by application of all the BAP concentration. Callus greowth was optimally at 2 ppm BAP treatment. The callus from 1 ppm BAP produced the most number of roots, shoots and leaves than another concentration. This experiment showed that different BAP concentrations affected callus development of S. tuberosum from stem explant. The conclusion was callus growth has obtained by the treatment of 2 ppm BAP, while the development of callus has obtained on addition of 1 ppm BAP. The novelty of this research is the callus induction method from potato sprout stems grown from potato seeds with plant growth regulators Benzyl Amino Purine. Callus induction method from potato sprout stems grown from potato seeds can be a guide for embryogenic callus induction.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82350408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Genetic data of red junglefowl (Gallus gallus) from southern Sumatra is valuable for conservation efforts in Indonesia. A mitochondrial COI DNA gene sequencing was performed to elucidate its genetic character, single nucleotide polymorphism, genetic distance, and phylogeny. Blood samples (±0.5 ml) from 20 individuals of Gallus gallus were taken from the living collections of the people of Bengkulu Province (Central Bengkulu Regency and Seluma Regency) and South Sumatra Province (North Musi Rawas Regency) from May to November 2021. Total DNA isolation followed the procedure of The Spin-Column Protocol Kit uses the Dneasy® Blood and Tissue Kit, Qiagen. DNA replication using the Polymerase Chain Reaction technique with primers (COIGG_F and COIGG_R) using MEGA 10.0 software and Bioedit for data analysis. The results revealed716 conserved sites, 16 variable sites, 9 parsimony sites, and 6 singleton sites from the 732 bp nucleotide sequence. Six specific sites (SNPs) as barcodes for Sumatran Junglefowl were found at sequences 51, 273, 327, 721, 729, and 732. The mean genetic distance between individuals was 0.1%, between populations was 0.8%, between species was 7.4%, and between genera was 15.5%. The red junglefowlof South Sumatra Province and Bengkulu Province are closely related with 98% bootstrapping and separated from other Gallus in the same group (ingroup) with 100% bootstrap. The Gallus-gallus group is quite far apart from the outgroup species in the Phasianidae family with 47-100% bootstrap. Red junglefowl from southern Sumatra has genetic differences from other chickens in the world and these differences can be used as a species barcode and as origin identification the widely traded red jungle fowl.
{"title":"DNA Barcode of Red Junglefowl Gallus gallus L, 1958 (Aves: Phasianidae) of Sumatra Based on Mitochondrial COI DNA Gene","authors":"Jarulis Jarulis, Nurmeiliasari Nurmeiliasari, Hery Haryanto, Iqwati Vilanda","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.36530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.36530","url":null,"abstract":"Genetic data of red junglefowl (Gallus gallus) from southern Sumatra is valuable for conservation efforts in Indonesia. A mitochondrial COI DNA gene sequencing was performed to elucidate its genetic character, single nucleotide polymorphism, genetic distance, and phylogeny. Blood samples (±0.5 ml) from 20 individuals of Gallus gallus were taken from the living collections of the people of Bengkulu Province (Central Bengkulu Regency and Seluma Regency) and South Sumatra Province (North Musi Rawas Regency) from May to November 2021. Total DNA isolation followed the procedure of The Spin-Column Protocol Kit uses the Dneasy® Blood and Tissue Kit, Qiagen. DNA replication using the Polymerase Chain Reaction technique with primers (COIGG_F and COIGG_R) using MEGA 10.0 software and Bioedit for data analysis. The results revealed716 conserved sites, 16 variable sites, 9 parsimony sites, and 6 singleton sites from the 732 bp nucleotide sequence. Six specific sites (SNPs) as barcodes for Sumatran Junglefowl were found at sequences 51, 273, 327, 721, 729, and 732. The mean genetic distance between individuals was 0.1%, between populations was 0.8%, between species was 7.4%, and between genera was 15.5%. The red junglefowlof South Sumatra Province and Bengkulu Province are closely related with 98% bootstrapping and separated from other Gallus in the same group (ingroup) with 100% bootstrap. The Gallus-gallus group is quite far apart from the outgroup species in the Phasianidae family with 47-100% bootstrap. Red junglefowl from southern Sumatra has genetic differences from other chickens in the world and these differences can be used as a species barcode and as origin identification the widely traded red jungle fowl.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81300914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.37667
S. C. Wattimena, Desy Ayuningrum, Leonita Y. Latuasan, Efraim Samson, P. J. Patty
Bio-silver nanoparticle using plant extract has been the subject of many studies nowadays. Researchers use various plant extracts, especially the popular plant from their places. This study aims to synthesize AgNPs using leaf and tuber extracts of M. esculenta Crantz and to characterize their properties to be compared one to another. The characterization includes surface plasmon resonance wavelength using UV-VIS spectroscopy, the chemical bonds related to the extract on the surface of the particles using FTIR spectroscopy, shape and size of the particles using TEM, and antibacterial properties using the disc diffusion method. Each tuber and leaf extract AgNPs were formed a few minutes after mixing silver nitrate with each extract indicated by the change of the color from transparent to yellowish-brown. The color of the sample was quantified by the wavelength of surface plasmon resonance which was found to be 425 nm for tuber extract AgNPs and 430 nm for leaf extract AgNPs. The results of FTIR spectroscopy indicate the presence of the extract at the surface of nanoparticles for both samples. The particles are mostly spherical, but the diameters of the leaf extract AgNPs are relatively smaller than those of the tuber extract AgNPs. The results of antibacterial assays of both samples show that both AgNPs inhibit the growth of S. aureus as effectively as they inhibit the growth of E. coli.
{"title":"Properties of Bio-Silver Nanoparticles Mediated by Tuber and Leaf Extracts of Manihot esculenta","authors":"S. C. Wattimena, Desy Ayuningrum, Leonita Y. Latuasan, Efraim Samson, P. J. Patty","doi":"10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.37667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.37667","url":null,"abstract":"Bio-silver nanoparticle using plant extract has been the subject of many studies nowadays. Researchers use various plant extracts, especially the popular plant from their places. This study aims to synthesize AgNPs using leaf and tuber extracts of M. esculenta Crantz and to characterize their properties to be compared one to another. The characterization includes surface plasmon resonance wavelength using UV-VIS spectroscopy, the chemical bonds related to the extract on the surface of the particles using FTIR spectroscopy, shape and size of the particles using TEM, and antibacterial properties using the disc diffusion method. Each tuber and leaf extract AgNPs were formed a few minutes after mixing silver nitrate with each extract indicated by the change of the color from transparent to yellowish-brown. The color of the sample was quantified by the wavelength of surface plasmon resonance which was found to be 425 nm for tuber extract AgNPs and 430 nm for leaf extract AgNPs. The results of FTIR spectroscopy indicate the presence of the extract at the surface of nanoparticles for both samples. The particles are mostly spherical, but the diameters of the leaf extract AgNPs are relatively smaller than those of the tuber extract AgNPs. The results of antibacterial assays of both samples show that both AgNPs inhibit the growth of S. aureus as effectively as they inhibit the growth of E. coli.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79750470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.37117
Romario Dion, W. Wijanarka, S. Pujiyanto
Inulinase enzyme (EC 3.2.1.80) is an enzyme capable of hydrolyzing inulin and is used as a catalyst in the production of High Fructose Syrup (HFS) and fructooligosaccharides (FOS). Inulinase enzymes can be produced by yeasts found in waste such as kepok banana peels (Musa acuminata x balbisiana). The aims of this study were to obtain the inulinase enzyme-producing yeast from kepok banana peels and to determine the effect of commercial inulin concentration and incubation time on enzyme activity. This research was conducted experimentally using a factorial completely randomized design with factors being inulin concentration of 1% (K1), 3% (K2) and 5% (K3) and incubation time of 6th (W1), 12th (W2), 18th (W3), and 24th hours (W4). The results showed that there were 4 isolates of inulinolytic yeasts obtained from kepok banana peels, namely YP1, YP2, YP4, and YP6. However, the most potential isolate to be used in inulinase production was YP2 isolate because it had the highest inulinolytic ratio value of 1.96. The results of inulinase activity showed that only inulin substrate with concentration of 5% (K3) had a significant or significant effect on inulinase production.
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Pub Date : 2022-07-28DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i2.35074
S. Sunarno, R. Rahadian, S. W. Suedy, Bayu Pradika, Bima Adistya
Flora biodiversity has been known to have a vital function in reducing carbon emissions in the air and contributing oxygen in significant levels to the environment. PT. Pertamina (Persero) Fuel Terminal Boyolali (FTB) has an important role in the conservation programs, protection of flora biodiversity, and environmental management. This study aims to analyze carbon stocks found in trees, plants cover soil, litter, necromas, and carbon in the soil and evaluate conservation of flora. This study uses a purposive random sampling method of carbon sources followed by the determination of carbon stocks in three conservation areas managed by PT. FTB, namely in the Wonopotro Forest, in the Pepe River watershed, and Pertamina's operational area. The samples from carbon sources include trees, litter, ground cover plants, necromas, and soil. The trees and necromas carbon sources sampling at each location was carried out at 2 stations with a size of 10 x 50 m2. Meanwhile, the sampling of litter, ground cover plants, and soil was carried out at 2 stations, each consisting of 3 plots. The results showed that the total carbon stock in the conservation areas was 1,688,0791 tons. The Pepe River watershed has the highest total carbon stock, which was 1,466,0928 tons/ha. The FTB and Wonopotro Forest, respectively, have about 180.7569 and 41.2294 tons/ha. The novelty of this research is the method of calculating carbon stocks in a conservation area that can be used as a database for assessing environmental management performance to the preservation of biological resources.
众所周知，植物的生物多样性在减少空气中的碳排放和向环境提供大量氧气方面具有重要作用。PT. Pertamina (Persero)燃料终端Boyolali (FTB)在保护计划、保护植物多样性和环境管理方面具有重要作用。本研究旨在分析树木、植物覆盖土壤、凋落物、坏死土壤和土壤中的碳储量，并评价植物区系的保护。本研究采用有目的的碳源随机抽样方法，在PT. FTB管理的三个保护区，即Wonopotro森林、Pepe河流域和Pertamina的作业区，对碳储量进行了测定。来自碳源的样本包括树木、凋落物、地被植物、坏死物和土壤。每个地点的树木和坏死灶碳源采样在2个站点进行，大小为10 x 50 m2。同时，在2个站点进行凋落物、地被植物和土壤取样，每个站点分为3个样地。结果表明:保护区总碳储量为1688 0791 t;佩佩河流域的总碳储量最高，为14660928吨/公顷。FTB和Wonopotro森林分别为180.7569和41.2294吨/公顷。本研究的新颖之处在于计算保护区碳储量的方法，可作为评估环境管理对生物资源保护效果的数据库。
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