Abstract Background and Aims:Pain and PONV (postoperative nausea and vomiting) are common complaints in the period following surgery. A multimodal approach targeting the reduction of postoperative pain with an opioid-sparing analgesic along with an antiemetic medication would minimize opioid consumption and its associated side effects. We evaluated the efficacy of methylprednisolone 125 mg IV taken along with oral 120 mg etoricoxib on postoperative pain and PONV in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgeries Material and methods:A prospective, randomized, double-blind study was conducted on 70 patients aged between 18 and 60 years with ASA grade 1 and 2 posted for elective laparoscopic surgeries. The test group was given a combination of methylprednisolone 125mgIV (given just before induction)& etoricoxib120mg oral (given 1 hr before surgery). (Group A, n=35) while control group received normal saline IV and a placebo per oral(Group B, n=35). Duration and quality of analgesia was assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS) score at 2,4,6,8,10,12,16,20 and 24hr as primary objective. Total dose of rescue analgesic(injection Fentanyl 50 mcg) in first 24 hours, peri-operative hemodynamic change and post op nausea vomiting (PONV) were observed as secondary objective. Result:Demographic profiles were comparable. Duration of postoperative analgesia was significantly prolonged(p<0.05) in Group A(7.57±1.04hrs) as compared to Group B(3.05±0.5hrs). Group A showed a significant reduction in postoperative fentanyl consumption in the form of rescue analgesic(p<0.05). Group A also showed significant reduction in the incidence of PONV(p<0.05). Conclusion:We conclude that single-dose administration of methylprednisolone IV along with oral etoricoxib has better analgesic efficacy in comparison to placebo for patients undergoing laparoscopic surgeries.
{"title":"Efficacy of Methylprednisolone and Etoricoxib Combination to attenuate Post-operative\u0000 Pain and Nausea/Vomiting in Laparoscopic Surgeries","authors":"V. Sharma, K. Lakhina, Rahul Bankapur, P. Lamba","doi":"10.47799/pimr.1001.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47799/pimr.1001.08","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000 Background and Aims:Pain and PONV (postoperative nausea and vomiting) are common complaints in the period following surgery. A multimodal approach targeting the reduction of postoperative pain with an opioid-sparing analgesic along with an antiemetic medication would minimize opioid consumption and its associated side effects. We evaluated the efficacy of methylprednisolone 125 mg IV taken along with oral 120 mg etoricoxib on postoperative pain and PONV in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgeries\u0000 Material and methods:A prospective, randomized, double-blind study was conducted on 70 patients aged between 18 and 60 years with ASA grade 1 and 2 posted for elective laparoscopic surgeries. The test group was given a combination of methylprednisolone 125mgIV (given just before induction)& etoricoxib120mg oral (given 1 hr before surgery). (Group A, n=35) while control group received normal saline IV and a placebo per oral(Group B, n=35). Duration and quality of analgesia was assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS) score at 2,4,6,8,10,12,16,20 and 24hr as primary objective. Total dose of rescue analgesic(injection Fentanyl 50 mcg) in first 24 hours, peri-operative hemodynamic change and post op nausea vomiting (PONV) were observed as secondary objective.\u0000 Result:Demographic profiles were comparable. Duration of postoperative analgesia was significantly prolonged(p<0.05) in Group A(7.57±1.04hrs) as compared to Group B(3.05±0.5hrs). Group A showed a significant reduction in postoperative fentanyl consumption in the form of rescue analgesic(p<0.05). Group A also showed significant reduction in the incidence of PONV(p<0.05).\u0000 Conclusion:We conclude that single-dose administration of methylprednisolone IV along with oral etoricoxib has better analgesic efficacy in comparison to placebo for patients undergoing laparoscopic surgeries.","PeriodicalId":30624,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives In Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42021585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background: Anemia prevalence in young children continues to remain over 70% in most parts of India and Asia. In developing countries like India,anemia is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in children under 5 years of age. In public health terms, Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a very important causative factor for childhood anemia. Materials & Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on hospitalized children in tertiary care center. All children between 1 month to 18 years of age were admitted in Pediatric ward were taken to the study for 1.5 years study period. Results: Total number patients admitted in pediatric ward were 1280 out of which 812 were enrolled for the study, out of which 522 patients have been studied in detail as they had iron deficiency anemia. The total prevalence in our study period is 65.64%. Our analysis showed that males outnumbered females with sex ratio of Male: Female is1.76:1. This study shows that the children of 1 month to 5 years is 361 which are 69.1%, children of age 5-12years are 123 which is 23.6%, children of age 12-18years are 38 which is 7.3%. We observed that the most common age group involved is less than 5 years which is significant. The etiology of the hospitalization has been studied, out of which Lower respiratory infections were more common. Conclusion: This study revealed that the prevalence of IDA in under 5 years is more common than in other age groups. Children with anemia and those with iron deficiency anemia were found to be more susceptible to lower respiratory tract infections.
{"title":"Study of Prevalence of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Hospitalised Children in Tertiary Care Centre","authors":"Shireesha Gugloth, Madhumita Otiv, A. Pandit","doi":"10.47799/pimr.1001.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47799/pimr.1001.18","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000 \u0000 Background: Anemia prevalence in young children continues to remain over 70% in most parts of India and Asia. In developing countries like India,anemia is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in children under 5 years of age. In public health terms, Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a very important causative factor for childhood anemia. \u0000 \u0000 Materials & Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on hospitalized children in tertiary care center. All children between 1 month to 18 years of age were admitted in Pediatric ward were taken to the study for 1.5 years study period.\u0000 \u0000 Results: Total number patients admitted in pediatric ward were 1280 out of which 812 were enrolled for the study, out of which 522 patients have been studied in detail as they had iron deficiency anemia. The total prevalence in our study period is 65.64%. Our analysis showed that males outnumbered females with sex ratio of Male: Female is1.76:1. This study shows that the children of 1 month to 5 years is 361 which are 69.1%, children of age 5-12years are 123 which is 23.6%, children of age 12-18years are 38 which is 7.3%. We observed that the most common age group involved is less than 5 years which is significant. The etiology of the hospitalization has been studied, out of which Lower respiratory infections were more common.\u0000 \u0000 Conclusion: This study revealed that the prevalence of IDA in under 5 years is more common than in other age groups. Children with anemia and those with iron deficiency anemia were found to be more susceptible to lower respiratory tract infections.","PeriodicalId":30624,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives In Medical Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41711961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Rachakatla, Kishan Porandla, S. Puli, Sanjay Kumar Nadigapu, V. Mavillapalli, Swetha Cheriyala, Namrata Devulapally
Abstract Background: Mental health problem is a major public health issue all over the world including India. In India, mental disorders are the leading contributors to significant morbidity and disability amongst those affected. With changing health patterns among Indians, mental behavior and substance use disorders are coming to the forefront in health care delivery systems. Objective: This study was aimed to assess the diagnostic pattern of psychiatric morbidity among the patients attending psychiatric outpatient department in a private medical college. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Psychiatry in Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences located at Karimnagar, Telangana, India. For this study, a total of 442 new subjects attending Psychiatry Outpatient Department (OPD) from August 2020 to July 2021 were taken. All the information including longitudinal histories of patients was recorded in files and the diagnosis was made following Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fifth Edition (DSM 5). Socio-demographic parameters and family history of mental illness were collected from the record file of the individual patient. Results: In the present study, among the different age groups, the majority (28.05%) of the study subjects were of the age ranging from 21-30 years. The distribution according to gender was (62.89%) males and (37.10%) females. The majority of the study subjects belonged to the rural background (69.45%), educated up to 10th standard (28.73%), self-employed (29.86%), married (67.42%), belonged to Hindu religion (85.74%), and with a monthly family income of 5,000 to 10,000 (38.68%). The majority of the study subjects were diagnosed with Major depressive Disorders (28.05%), followed by anxiety disorders (17.87%) and Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders (16.96%). Conclusion: This study provides information about the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity among patients attending outpatient department in a private medical hospital in Northern Telangana. It helps in assessing the pattern of psychiatric problems and taking necessary steps to plan for better management of mental health care in the near future.
{"title":"Pattern And Prevalence Of Psychiatry Morbidity Among Subjects Attended Psychiatric Outpatient Department In A Tertiary Care Hospital In Northern Telangana","authors":"S. Rachakatla, Kishan Porandla, S. Puli, Sanjay Kumar Nadigapu, V. Mavillapalli, Swetha Cheriyala, Namrata Devulapally","doi":"10.47799/pimr.1001.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47799/pimr.1001.09","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000 \u0000 Background: Mental health problem is a major public health issue all over the world including India. In India, mental disorders are the leading contributors to significant morbidity and disability amongst those affected. With changing health patterns among Indians, mental behavior and substance use disorders are coming to the forefront in health care delivery systems. \u0000 \u0000 Objective: This study was aimed to assess the diagnostic pattern of psychiatric morbidity among the patients attending psychiatric outpatient department in a private medical college. \u0000 \u0000 Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Psychiatry in Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences located at Karimnagar, Telangana, India. For this study, a total of 442 new subjects attending Psychiatry Outpatient Department (OPD) from August 2020 to July 2021 were taken. All the information including longitudinal histories of patients was recorded in files and the diagnosis was made following Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fifth Edition (DSM 5). Socio-demographic parameters and family history of mental illness were collected from the record file of the individual patient. \u0000 \u0000 Results: In the present study, among the different age groups, the majority (28.05%) of the study subjects were of the age ranging from 21-30 years. The distribution according to gender was (62.89%) males and (37.10%) females. The majority of the study subjects belonged to the rural background (69.45%), educated up to 10th standard (28.73%), self-employed (29.86%), married (67.42%), belonged to Hindu religion (85.74%), and with a monthly family income of 5,000 to 10,000 (38.68%). The majority of the study subjects were diagnosed with Major depressive Disorders (28.05%), followed by anxiety disorders (17.87%) and Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders (16.96%). \u0000 \u0000 Conclusion: This study provides information about the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity among patients attending outpatient department in a private medical hospital in Northern Telangana. It helps in assessing the pattern of psychiatric problems and taking necessary steps to plan for better management of mental health care in the near future.","PeriodicalId":30624,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives In Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44142935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sanjeev Singh, I. Okyere, Anbarasu Annamalai, Arti Singh
Abstract Background: Protamine neutralises heparin after separation from cardiopulmonary bypass. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of lidocaine on protamine induced pulmonary vascular constriction in paediatric cardiothoracic surgery. Methods: This was a single-centre, prospective, double-blind and randomised study conducted among eighty pediatric patients with acyanotic congenital cardiac disease, scheduled for elective on-pump cardiac surgery under general anaesthesia. In the study, the participants were divided into four groups: Group NPHL- nonpulmonary hypertension with lidocaine preconditioning, group NPHS- nonpulmonary hypertension with normal saline (as placebo), group PHL- pulmonary hypertension with lidocaine preconditioning, and group PHS- pulmonary hypertension with normal saline (as placebo). Results: Pulmonary vasoconstriction occurred in 11.25% of cases after protamine administration. Both the NPHS and PHS groups exhibited an increase in mean airway pressure (Paw), Respiratory index (RI), alveolar-arterial oxygen difference (A-aDO2), pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and decreased dynamic pulmonary compliance (Cydn) and oxygen index (OI) after protamine administration. However, these changes were not observed in the NPHL and PHL groups with lidocaine preconditioning. Plasma levels of TXB2 in the NPHS and PHS groups were higher than the NPHL and PHL groups, but 6-keto-PGF1 alpha levels were lower in the NPHS and PHS groups than in the NPHL and PHL groups. Conclusion: In congenital heart disease, repair without cardiopulmonary bypass is not possible in most cases. Prior to reversing heparin with protamine, preconditioning lidocaine reverses protamine-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction and improves lung function.
{"title":"A\u0000 S\u0000 tudy of the Effectiveness of Lidocaine\u0000 to Treat S\u0000 evere P\u0000 ulmonary Vascular Constriction \u0000 induced by Protamine","authors":"Sanjeev Singh, I. Okyere, Anbarasu Annamalai, Arti Singh","doi":"10.47799/pimr.1001.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47799/pimr.1001.03","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000 \u0000 Background: Protamine neutralises heparin after separation from cardiopulmonary bypass. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of lidocaine on protamine induced pulmonary vascular constriction in paediatric cardiothoracic surgery. Methods: This was a single-centre, prospective, double-blind and randomised study conducted among eighty pediatric patients with acyanotic congenital cardiac disease, scheduled for elective on-pump cardiac surgery under general anaesthesia. In the study, the participants were divided into four groups: Group NPHL- nonpulmonary hypertension with lidocaine preconditioning, group NPHS- nonpulmonary hypertension with normal saline (as placebo), group PHL- pulmonary hypertension with lidocaine preconditioning, and group PHS- pulmonary hypertension with normal saline (as placebo). Results: Pulmonary vasoconstriction occurred in 11.25% of cases after protamine administration. Both the NPHS and PHS groups exhibited an increase in mean airway pressure (Paw), Respiratory index (RI), alveolar-arterial oxygen difference (A-aDO2), pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and decreased dynamic pulmonary compliance (Cydn) and oxygen index (OI) after protamine administration. However, these changes were not observed in the NPHL and PHL groups with lidocaine preconditioning. Plasma levels of TXB2 in the NPHS and PHS groups were higher than the NPHL and PHL groups, but 6-keto-PGF1 alpha levels were lower in the NPHS and PHS groups than in the NPHL and PHL groups. Conclusion: In congenital heart disease, repair without cardiopulmonary bypass is not possible in most cases. Prior to reversing heparin with protamine, preconditioning lidocaine reverses protamine-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction and improves lung function.","PeriodicalId":30624,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives In Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49317093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for the development of ischemic heart diseases, stroke, disability, vascular dementia, heart failure, renal dysfunction, retinopathy, and premature death. Despite the use of two or more blood pressure lowering medications, a considerable proportion of patients show poor control. Current antihypertensive medications show the limitation of use and effect in obese population, certain races like black population and also in renal impairment. Thus, there is an impending need to develop novel classes of antihypertensive agents acting on new targets with diversified mechanisms of action to more effectively manage raised blood pressure. With the introduction of the recent concept of overactive brain renin angiotensin system in cardiovascular disorders, attempts have been made to identify a molecule with the potential of inhibiting aminopeptidases involved in the formation of Angiotensin III. A novel aminopeptidase A inhibitor, also a prodrug Firibastat is currently undergoing development in Phase III clinical trials for hypertension as well as chronic heart failure. We hereby, provide an updated summary of evidence generated so far with Firibastat and also a glimpse into the therapeutic potential of this novel candidate extending beyond the spectrum of essential hypertension
{"title":"Novel Class of Central Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System Inhibitor: Firibastat","authors":"Nidhi Maheshwari, Vandana Tayal","doi":"10.47799/pimr.1001.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47799/pimr.1001.02","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000 Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for the development of ischemic heart diseases, stroke, disability, vascular dementia, heart failure, renal dysfunction, retinopathy, and premature death. Despite the use of two or more blood pressure lowering medications, a considerable proportion of patients show poor control. Current antihypertensive medications show the limitation of use and effect in obese population, certain races like black population and also in renal impairment. Thus, there is an impending need to develop novel classes of antihypertensive agents acting on new targets with diversified mechanisms of action to more effectively manage raised blood pressure. With the introduction of the recent concept of overactive brain renin angiotensin system in cardiovascular disorders, attempts have been made to identify a molecule with the potential of inhibiting aminopeptidases involved in the formation of Angiotensin III. A novel aminopeptidase A inhibitor, also a prodrug Firibastat is currently undergoing development in Phase III clinical trials for hypertension as well as chronic heart failure. We hereby, provide an updated summary of evidence generated so far with Firibastat and also a glimpse into the therapeutic potential of this novel candidate extending beyond the spectrum of essential hypertension","PeriodicalId":30624,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives In Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46029752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dietary advice in the Indian context- A critical Assessment","authors":"M. Mudgalkar","doi":"10.47799/pimr.1001.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47799/pimr.1001.20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30624,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives In Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43161664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Introduction: Bullae are air filled spaces in lung parenchyma which develop in various diseases and cause respiratory compromise. Bulla which occupies one third of hemithorax is considered as a giant bulla. Case series: This case series consists of eleven cases of giant bullae with varied clinical and radiological features. Common presentations include breathlessness, associated para-septal emphysema and complications like pneumothorax. Conclusion: Patients presenting with acute chest symptoms should also be evaluated for bullous disease and Computed tomography of chest can differentiate pneumothorax from giant bullae.
{"title":"Giant Bullae In Lung Parenchyma — A Case Series","authors":"Nagender Prasad Chenimilla, Ramya Krishna B, Ramulu Madire","doi":"10.47799/pimr.1001.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47799/pimr.1001.16","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000 \u0000 Introduction: Bullae are air filled spaces in lung parenchyma which develop in various diseases and cause respiratory compromise. Bulla which occupies one third of hemithorax is considered as a giant bulla. \u0000 \u0000 Case series: This case series consists of eleven cases of giant bullae with varied clinical and radiological features. Common presentations include breathlessness, associated para-septal emphysema and complications like pneumothorax. \u0000 \u0000 Conclusion: Patients presenting with acute chest symptoms should also be evaluated for bullous disease and Computed tomography of chest can differentiate pneumothorax from giant bullae.","PeriodicalId":30624,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives In Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48472065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract B ackground: Diagnosis of intrathoracic masses is a difficult challenge for clinicians. The compact anatomical arrangement of the mediastinum with diverse pathologies is usually encountered. The present study was done to determine the efficiency of computed tomography (CT) guided Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) in the evaluation of various thoracic mass lesions Methods : A total of n=46 patients presenting as intrathoracic mass lesions, confirmed on contrast-enhanced CT, were included in the study. A commercially available CT (Ingenuity 128 slices, Philips) was used for biopsy. All patients were subjected to detailed clinical history and physical examination. Investigations: Complete blood count, Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, bleeding time, clotting time, Prothrombin time, Activated partial thromboplastin time, HIV and HbsAg, Chest X-ray postero Anterior view, and Lateral view done in all cases. Chest X-ray AP view and Ultrasound was done wherever needed. Plain and contrast CT was done in all cases before FNAC. Results: The positive diagnostic yield in our study is noted in 45 of the 46 patients(97.82%); the positive yield for malignancy was 89.13% (41 of 46 patients), benign in8.69 % (4/46), and undiagnosed in 1/46 (2.17%). Out of 46, 40(86.96%) were parenchymal lesions and 6(13.04%) were mediastinal lesions. Out of 40 parenchymal lesions, 38/40(95%) were malignant, which consisted of 55.3% Squamous cell carcinoma, 28.9% Adenocarcinoma. Conclusion: FNAC is useful for obtaining samples for the diagnosis of focal pulmonary infections, even in immunocompromised patients, and planning appropriate chemotherapy options in lung cancer and metastatic lesions.CT-guided FNAC is an initial approach for the diagnosis of small pulmonary nodules of less than 20mm, aiding in early diagnosis and treatment interventions improving prognosis.
{"title":"Computed Tomography (CT)guided Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Intrathoracic Lesions","authors":"Sridhar Pulluri, Ramulu Madire","doi":"10.47799/pimr.1001.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47799/pimr.1001.11","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000 \u0000 B\u0000 ackground: Diagnosis of intrathoracic masses is a difficult challenge for clinicians. The compact anatomical arrangement of the mediastinum with diverse pathologies is usually encountered. The present study was done to determine the efficiency of computed tomography (CT) guided Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) in the evaluation of various thoracic mass lesions\u0000 \u0000 Methods\u0000 : A total of n=46 patients presenting as intrathoracic mass lesions, confirmed on contrast-enhanced CT, were included in the study. A commercially available CT (Ingenuity 128 slices, Philips) was used for biopsy. All patients were subjected to detailed clinical history and physical examination. Investigations: Complete blood count, Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, bleeding time, clotting time, Prothrombin time, Activated partial thromboplastin time, HIV and HbsAg, Chest X-ray postero Anterior view, and Lateral view done in all cases. Chest X-ray AP view and Ultrasound was done wherever needed. Plain and contrast CT was done in all cases before FNAC.\u0000 \u0000 Results: The positive diagnostic yield in our study is noted in 45 of the 46 patients(97.82%); the positive yield for malignancy was 89.13% (41 of 46 patients), benign in8.69 % (4/46), and undiagnosed in 1/46 (2.17%). Out of 46, 40(86.96%) were parenchymal lesions and 6(13.04%) were mediastinal lesions. Out of 40 parenchymal lesions, 38/40(95%) were malignant, which consisted of 55.3% Squamous cell carcinoma, 28.9% Adenocarcinoma. \u0000 \u0000 Conclusion: FNAC is useful for obtaining samples for the diagnosis of focal pulmonary infections, even in immunocompromised patients, and planning appropriate chemotherapy options in lung cancer and metastatic lesions.CT-guided FNAC is an initial approach for the diagnosis of small pulmonary nodules of less than 20mm, aiding in early diagnosis and treatment interventions improving prognosis.","PeriodicalId":30624,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives In Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45831129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background & objectives: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a Reproductive tract infection (RTI) among young sexually active women with high prevalence. It is associated with complications related to pregnancy and an increased risk of acquiring STDs. This poses a need for cost-effective detection of BV in low resource settings. Hence, we propose to study the utility of vaginal pH determination for the detection of BV. Material & Methods: This is a single center, 1 year cross-sectional study. Swabs were collected from 250 non-pregnant women attending the out-patient department of Obstetrics and Gynecology with vaginal discharge as a predominant symptom with or without backache and abdominal pain. Vaginal pH determination, Gram stain, wet mount, Whiff test, and Amsel’s criteria were used for BV detection. Results: 250 study participants with vaginal discharge suggestive of BV were analyzed. Vaginal pH was significantly higher in women with BV with the mean pH being 6.2. Vaginal pH >4.5 had a sensitivity of 85% and specificity of 66% to detect BV. The Whiff test had the least sensitivity. Clue cells and Amsel’s criteria of ≥ 3 were significant for BV. A combination of pH and Whiff test performed better had high sensitivity and specificity. Conclusions: A combination of pH determination and the Whiff test serves as a low-cost alternative in resource-poor settings for detection of BV. Though Clue cells and Amsel’s criteria ≥ 3 were most sensitive and specific, they cannot be used in low resource settings. Vaginal pH alone can be used to detect BV in areas of low prevalence.
{"title":"Utility of Vaginal pH as Point of Care Test for Detection of Bacterial Vaginosis","authors":"Shridevi Metgud, Spurthi Gangigute, S. Metgud","doi":"10.47799/pimr.1001.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47799/pimr.1001.06","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000 \u0000 Background & objectives: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a Reproductive tract infection (RTI) among young sexually active women with high prevalence. It is associated with complications related to pregnancy and an increased risk of acquiring STDs. This poses a need for cost-effective detection of BV in low resource settings. Hence, we propose to study the utility of vaginal pH determination for the detection of BV. \u0000 \u0000 Material & Methods: This is a single center, 1 year cross-sectional study. Swabs were collected from 250 non-pregnant women attending the out-patient department of Obstetrics and Gynecology with vaginal discharge as a predominant symptom with or without backache and abdominal pain. Vaginal pH determination, Gram stain, wet mount, Whiff test, and Amsel’s criteria were used for BV detection.\u0000 \u0000 Results: 250 study participants with vaginal discharge suggestive of BV were analyzed. Vaginal pH was significantly higher in women with BV with the mean pH being 6.2. Vaginal pH >4.5 had a sensitivity of 85% and specificity of 66% to detect BV. The Whiff test had the least sensitivity. Clue cells and Amsel’s criteria of ≥ 3 were significant for BV. A combination of pH and Whiff test performed better had high sensitivity and specificity.\u0000 \u0000 Conclusions: A combination of pH determination and the Whiff test serves as a low-cost alternative in resource-poor settings for detection of BV. Though Clue cells and Amsel’s criteria ≥ 3 were most sensitive and specific, they cannot be used in low resource settings. Vaginal pH alone can be used to detect BV in areas of low prevalence.","PeriodicalId":30624,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives In Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48134548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Artificial Intelligence :Dawn of New Era in Medicine","authors":"Shireesha Gugloth, R. Kasturi, Khasim Shaik","doi":"10.47799/pimr.1001.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47799/pimr.1001.01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30624,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives In Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48575823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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