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Ultrasound /Computed tomography Guided Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Abdominal Lesions 超声/计算机断层扫描引导下腹部病变细针穿刺细胞学检查
Pub Date : 2022-05-06 DOI: 10.47799/pimr.1001.14
Beecha V Ramya, Nihal Amrohi, R. Patil, A. A. M., Anuradha G. Patil
Abstract Background:Abdominal masses always are mystery in clinical practice. Improvements have taken place in fine needle aspiration cytology with technical advances in imaging methods of ultrasound and CT. Aims:To study the utility of guided FNAC in the diagnosis of abdominal lesions and categories the abdominal lesions. To study cytological features of abdominal lesions and correlate with histopathological features wherever possible. Materials and methods: The study included 82 abdominal lesions. History, clinical features, radiological investigations were obtained in each case. USG or CT guidance was used and the FNA procedure was done. Smears were stained with Giemsa and viewed under the microscope for diagnosis. Diagnostic yield was 95%. Extra material obtained was given for cell block. Results: The age was from 14 years old to 82 years and majority of them were in the age group of 40 – 60 years. Male to female ratio is 1:1.1. Among 82 cases, 45 cases (54.87%) were malignant, followed by 17 cases (20.74%) benign, 14 cases (17.08%) inflammatory, 04 cases (4.87%) suspicious of malignancy and 02 cases (2.44%) unsatisfactory for evaluation. Majority of the cases are in liver and hepatocellular carcinoma was the most common malignant lesion. In 60 cases histopathological correlation was available and for these cases the diagnostic accuracy is 95%, sensitivity is 92.1%, specificity is 100% and p value is <0.001 which is highly significant. Conclusion:Abdominal fine needle aspiration cytology is simple, cost effective, rapid and repeatable procedure which helps in categorizing the abdominal lesions.
摘要背景:腹部肿块在临床上一直是个谜。随着超声和CT成像方法的技术进步,细针穿刺细胞学得到了改进。目的:研究引导下FNAC在腹部病变诊断和分类中的应用。研究腹部病变的细胞学特征,并尽可能与组织病理学特征相关联。材料和方法:本研究包括82个腹部病变。对每个病例进行病史、临床特征、放射学检查。使用USG或CT引导,并进行FNA程序。涂片用Giemsa染色,并在显微镜下观察以进行诊断。诊断率为95%。获得的额外材料用于细胞块。结果:患者年龄14~82岁,其中40~60岁年龄段占多数。男女比例为1:1.1。82例中,恶性45例(54.87%),良性17例(20.74%),炎性14例(17.08%),可疑恶性04例(4.87%),评价不合格02例(2.44%)。大多数病例发生在肝脏,肝细胞癌是最常见的恶性病变。在60例病例中,可获得组织病理学相关性,这些病例的诊断准确率为95%,敏感性为92.1%,特异性为100%,p值<0.001,这是非常显著的。结论:腹部细针穿刺细胞学检查是一种简单、经济、快速、可重复的方法,有助于对腹部病变进行分类。
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引用次数: 0
Hysteroscopic Evaluation Of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding In A Tertiary Care Institute — An Observational Study 三级医疗机构异常子宫出血的宫腔镜评价——一项观察研究
Pub Date : 2022-04-30 DOI: 10.47799/pimr.1001.13
Suhasini Edavally
Abstract Objectives:To assess the feasibility of diagnostic hysteroscopy in the diagnosis of abnormal structure and pathological lesions in the uterine cavities of women presenting abnormal bleeding of the uterus. Methods: This is a Prospective Cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Gynaecology at Prathima Institute Of Medical Sciences, Karimnagar: one hundred women presenting with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding, over a period of one year from December 2020 to November 2021, were subjected to the procedure. Results: The results of our study show that hysteroscopy has high accuracy for detecting the pathology in women with abnormal uterine bleeding, especially in benign lesions such as endometrial polyp and submucosal fibroid and it can be used as the first line diagnostic method for these abnormalities. Conclusion:Hysteroscopy provides a more accurate diagnosis than dilatation and curettage or ultrasonography alone to diagnose pathology in women with abnormal bleeding of the uterus. It is very sensitive for diagnosing intracavitary lesions like submucous myoma and endometrial polyp.
摘要目的:评价诊断性宫腔镜在诊断子宫异常出血妇女宫腔结构和病理病变中的可行性。方法:这是一项在Karimnagar Prathima医学科学研究所妇科进行的前瞻性横断面研究:在2020年12月至2021年11月的一年时间里,100名出现异常子宫出血的女性接受了该手术。结果:我们的研究结果表明,宫腔镜对异常子宫出血的女性,尤其是子宫内膜息肉和粘膜下纤维瘤等良性病变的病理检测具有较高的准确性,可作为这些异常的一线诊断方法。结论:宫腔镜对子宫异常出血的病理诊断比单纯的刮宫或超声检查更准确。它对粘膜下肌瘤和子宫内膜息肉等腔内病变的诊断非常敏感。
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引用次数: 0
Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccine A mong Residents of South India: A Cross-sectional Survey 南印度居民对新冠肺炎疫苗的接受情况:跨部门调查
Pub Date : 2022-01-06 DOI: 10.47799/pimr.0903.17
Tarun Kumar Suvvari, V. Kandi, D. B. A. M. R. Salibindla, Simhachalam Kutikuppala, C. Tsagkaris, Venkata Narayana Nithish Modala
Abstract Background COVID-19 vaccines provide concrete hope of mitigating the spread of the virus and enabling countries worldwide to resume financial and social activities disrupted by the pandemic. Several COVID 19 vaccines have already received approval from regulatory bodies across the world, the vaccine roll out has started and many countries are implementing mass vaccination campaigns. This study aims to evaluate the acceptability of COVID-19 vaccines and its predictors, along with the attitudes towards the vaccines among the general population of South India. Materials and Methods This study was conducted as an online survey during December 2020 and January 2021. A Self-administered pre-tested questionnaire was used for the survey. Excel 2019 and SPPS 24 were used for statistical analysis. Descriptive statistics were used, and a Chi-square test was performed. Results A total of 686 people have participated in this study, with a mean age of 30.4 years. 30.9% of study participants have already been infected with COVID-19. 76.2% responded 'yes' for accepting the COVID-19 vaccine, 69% responded to prefer 'routine' administration of the vaccine, and 50.1% were likely to take the COVID-19 vaccine 'as soon as possible' once available. Conclusion Public health authorities and policymakers need to streamline systematic interventions and awareness campaigns to improve the acceptance of COVID 19 vaccines and reduce vaccine hesitancy levels. Vaccination strategy should be targeted at the specific needs and attitudes of the concerned population. Reviving the trust in the vaccination procedures and outcomes and offering transparent information regarding the vaccines' efficacy and safety seem to be particularly importance for the population of our study.
摘要背景新冠肺炎疫苗为减缓病毒传播提供了具体希望,使世界各国能够恢复因疫情而中断的金融和社会活动。一些新冠肺炎19型疫苗已经获得世界各地监管机构的批准,疫苗已经开始推广,许多国家正在实施大规模疫苗接种运动。本研究旨在评估新冠肺炎疫苗的可接受性及其预测因素,以及南印度普通人群对疫苗的态度。材料和方法这项研究是在2020年12月至2021年1月期间进行的在线调查。调查采用了自我管理的预测试问卷。Excel 2019和SPPS 24用于统计分析。使用描述性统计,并进行卡方检验。结果共有686人参加了本研究,平均年龄30.4岁。30.9%的研究参与者已经感染了新冠肺炎。76.2%的人表示“同意”接受新冠肺炎疫苗,69%的人表示更喜欢“常规”接种疫苗,50.1%的人可能“尽快”接种新冠肺炎疫苗。结论公共卫生当局和政策制定者需要简化系统干预措施和宣传活动,以提高对新冠肺炎疫苗的接受度,降低疫苗犹豫程度。疫苗接种战略应针对有关人群的具体需求和态度。恢复对疫苗接种程序和结果的信任,并提供有关疫苗有效性和安全性的透明信息,似乎对我们研究的人群特别重要。
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引用次数: 2
Evaluation of Diagnostic Performance of MDCT Coronary Angiography in Comparison with Conventional Coronary Angiography MDCT冠状动脉造影与常规冠状动脉造影诊断性能的比较
Pub Date : 2022-01-06 DOI: 10.47799/pimr.0903.09
Sachin Kumar
Abstract Background: Coronary artery disease is now becoming increasingly prevalent than before especially in younger age groups. We in the current study tried to evaluate the potential of 128 slice MDCT coronary angiography for the detection of stenotic coronary lesions by comparing the results of computed tomographic coronary angiography to a gold standard set by Conventional coronary angiography. Methods: A total of n=30 patients with clinically suspected Coronary artery disease. They were evaluated with 128 Slice CT Scanner (PHILIPS INGENUITY) and conventional coronary angiography. All patients were examined with a 128 slice MDCT scanner (Philips Ingenuity 128 slice Netherlands) using standard cardiac CT protocol. Gantry rotation time was 400 ms with a half sector acquisition protocol and multisector reconstruction permitting an effective temporal resolution between 50 and 200 ms depending on patient heart rate. Results: In the n=30 Patients included in the study with CCA, the n=450 coronary segments included in the study were found to contain a total number of n=138 stenoses among them non-significant stenoses. The accuracy of MDCT detection of coronary stenoses greater than 50% diameter of vessel lumen is about 94.78. When raising the threshold for stenosis from 50% to 70% of the vessel lumen, so that only hemodynamic relevant stenoses enter the evaluation, the sensitivity decreases from 88%. The MDCT detection in the patient group with heart rates below 60 beats per minute higher values for sensitivity 93% and specificity 97% were observed, compared to sensitivity 87% and specificity 93% of the patient group with heart rates above 60 beats per minute. Conclusion:The present study revealed that a high negative predictive value (98.08%)suggests that 128- Slice MDCT coronary angiography is a good screening modality for evaluation of patients with mild to intermediate-risk factors who might otherwise require invasive angiography.
摘要背景:冠状动脉疾病现在比以前越来越普遍,尤其是在年轻群体中。在本研究中,我们试图通过将计算机断层冠状动脉造影的结果与传统冠状动脉造影设定的金标准进行比较,来评估128层MDCT冠状动脉造影在检测狭窄冠状动脉病变方面的潜力。方法:对30例临床疑似冠状动脉疾病患者进行分析。使用128层CT扫描仪(PHILIPS INGENUITY)和常规冠状动脉造影对其进行评估。使用标准心脏CT方案,用128层MDCT扫描仪(Philips Ingenuity 128层荷兰)对所有患者进行检查。龙门架旋转时间为400ms,半扇区采集协议和多扇区重建允许根据患者心率在50和200ms之间的有效时间分辨率。结果:在纳入CCA研究的n=30名患者中,研究中纳入的n=450个冠状动脉段共有n=138个狭窄,其中非显著性狭窄。MDCT检测大于血管管腔直径50%的冠状动脉狭窄的准确度约为94.78。当将狭窄阈值从血管内腔的50%提高到70%,从而只有血液动力学相关的狭窄进入评估时,敏感性从88%下降。在心率低于每分钟60次的患者组中,MDCT检测观察到灵敏度93%和特异性97%的较高值,而心率高于每分钟60次/分的患者组的灵敏度87%和特异性93%。结论:本研究显示,高阴性预测值(98.08%)表明,128层MDCT冠状动脉造影是评估轻度至中度危险因素患者的良好筛查方式,否则可能需要进行有创血管造影。
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引用次数: 0
Comparative Study of Knowledge of Urban and Rural Mothers about Neonatal Care 城乡母亲对新生儿护理知识的比较研究
Pub Date : 2022-01-06 DOI: 10.47799/pimr.0903.08
Bairwa Rameshchand, Sangeeta Vb, N. S, Sagethya A
Abstract Objectives: The purpose of this study is to assess and compare the knowledge about the neonatal care among the mothers in urban and rural area in district Ajmer province of Rajasthan Materials and methods: Comparative randomized descriptive study was conducted among mothers who willingly gave consent to participate in the study. A structured questionnaire were framed and mothers were interviewed, the answers were recorded. To judge the knowledge score of the mothers closed ended questions having four alternatives were also framed. One mark was allocated for correct response. Results: Among 5800 deliveries, 400 mothers (205 mothers were Urban and 195 mothers were from Rural area) were randomly selected. Mothers with Antenatal check-up had knowledge score of 61% compared to 24% who had no regular antenatal checkup. Knowledge about “Exclusive Breastfeeding” was 84.39% and 68.20% urban mothers and rural mothers and regarding adequacy was 73.17% in Urban and 44.61% in rural mothers. Knowledge about Hygiene was 89.75% and 53.33% in Urban and rural mothers. Skin care and baby bath was 28.29% and 18.46% in Urban and Rural mothers respectively. Knowledge about danger signs was 81.95% and 60% in Urban and Rural mothers respectively. Knowledge regarding immunization at birth was 70.7% and 35.89% in Urban and Rural mothers respectively. Conclusions: Main factors affecting the knowledge score of the mothers about neonatal care were Educational status and Antenatal checkup. Knowledge about adequacy of breastfeeding, Immunization at birth, Danger signs, Temperature maintenance and hygiene was less in rural mothers as compared to urban mothers.
摘要目的:本研究旨在评估和比较拉贾斯坦邦阿杰梅尔省城市和农村地区母亲对新生儿护理的了解。材料和方法:在自愿参与研究的母亲中进行比较随机描述性研究。制定了一份结构化的问卷,对母亲进行了访谈,并记录了答案。为了判断母亲的知识得分,还提出了有四个备选方案的封闭式问题。为正确响应分配了一个标记。结果:在5800名产妇中,随机抽取400名产妇(205名来自城市,195名来自农村)。有产前检查的母亲的知识得分为61%,而没有定期产前检查的妇女为24%。城市母亲和农村母亲对“纯母乳喂养”的了解率分别为84.39%和68.20%,城市母亲和乡村母亲对“完全母乳喂养”知识的了解率为73.17%和44.61%。城乡母亲对卫生知识的知晓率分别为89.75%和53.33%。城市和农村母亲的皮肤护理和婴儿沐浴分别为28.29%和18.46%。城市和农村母亲对危险信号的了解率分别为81.95%和60%。城市和农村母亲对出生时免疫接种的了解率分别为70.7%和35.89%。结论:影响母亲对新生儿护理知识评分的主要因素是教育程度和产前检查。与城市母亲相比,农村母亲对母乳喂养、出生时免疫、危险信号、体温维持和卫生的了解较少。
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引用次数: 0
Biopsy Proven Kidney Disease From A Rural Tertiary Care Centre — A Social And Epidemiological Perspective 活检证实肾脏疾病从农村三级保健中心-社会和流行病学的角度
Pub Date : 2022-01-06 DOI: 10.47799/pimr.0903.16
Rana Fatima, Rakesh Kumar, Amitesh Goud, Srikanth Muddhasani, S. Reddy, Gouri shankar Swarnalatha, M. Swain
Abstract The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is rising in rural areas. Screening of high risk cases, early detection and referral by the physicians reduces the prevalence of kidney disease in the population. Hereditary disorders, Glomerular diseases, Obstructive nephropathies are common causes in CKD in rural areas. Kidney biopsy is an essential diagnostic tool in to diagnose glomerular diseases. This prospective study done at tertiary care teaching hospital between 2017 and 2020 to understand the profile of glomerular diseases in rural area. Forty patients were included in the Study. Primary glomerular disease (PGD) was present in 26 patients and Secondary glomerular disease (SGD) in 10 and primary tubulointerstitial pathology in 4 patients. The most common Secondary glomerular disease was lupus. Glomerular diseases are amenable to immunomodulatory therapy leading to change in clinical outcome of the disease. However, Kidney biopsy is underutilized particularly in elderly patients, hypertensive nephropathy patients, suspected non diabetic kidney disease and lupus patients. Financial and social issues play dominant role in the treatment plan of chronic diseases in rural areas. Regional registry of kidney biopsy of urban and rural areas separately helps in paving a way of understanding the profile of glomerular diseases and its prevention.
摘要慢性肾脏疾病(CKD)在农村地区的患病率呈上升趋势。筛查高危病例,早期发现并由医生转诊可降低人群中肾脏疾病的患病率。遗传性疾病、肾小球疾病、阻塞性肾病是农村地区CKD的常见病因。肾活检是诊断肾小球疾病的重要诊断手段。本研究于2017 - 2020年在三级医疗教学医院进行前瞻性研究,以了解农村地区肾小球疾病的概况。40例患者被纳入研究。原发性肾小球疾病(PGD) 26例,继发性肾小球疾病(SGD) 10例,原发性小管间质病理4例。最常见的继发性肾小球疾病是狼疮。肾小球疾病可接受免疫调节治疗,从而改变疾病的临床结果。然而,肾活检在老年患者、高血压肾病患者、疑似非糖尿病肾病和狼疮患者中应用不足。财政和社会问题在农村慢性病治疗计划中起主导作用。城市和农村地区分别进行肾活检区域登记有助于了解肾小球疾病的概况及其预防。
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引用次数: 0
A Clinical Study of the Association of Thrombocytopenia with Acute Febrile Illness 血小板减少症与急性发热性疾病相关性的临床研究
Pub Date : 2022-01-06 DOI: 10.47799/pimr.0903.04
Gangum Venkatreddy, Shireesha Gugloth
Abstract Background: Thrombocytopenia accompanying acute febrile illnesses is a matter of concern because lack of prompt treatment could result in significant mortality. We in this study tried to evaluate the clinical profile of cases with acute fever and thrombocytopenia and determine the cause of fever with thrombocytopenia and the outcome of treatment of such patients in our hospital. Methods: A total of n=50 successive cases of acute febrile illness with thrombocytopenia following inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in this study. Clinical signs such as rashes, signs of dehydration, petechiae, jaundice, lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, anemia, abdominal tenderness, altered sensorium, were noted. Investigations included CBP, ESR, LFT, RFT, serum electrolytes, Chest X-ray, USG abdomen were done. Other investigations included Dengue serology, Malaria, Widal, IgM for leptospirosis, sputum for AFB. Results: Out of n=50 patients with acute fever with thrombocytopenia, all of them had a definitive diagnosis with malaria (40%) as the commonest cause, followed by enteric fever (24%), viral fever (14%), septicemia (6%), dengue (14%), and leptospirosis (2%). 50% of the patients had platelet count in the range of 50, 000 – 1,00, 000 and 30% had platelet counts above 100000-150000. 8% of cases had platelet counts below 25000 and 12% had platelet counts between 25000-50000 at the time of admission. 10% mortality was observed. Conclusion: infections as the commonest cause of thrombocytopenia. Malaria, dengue enteric fever, leptospirosis, and other viral infections formed the major diseases in this group of population. The diagnosis of malaria was the common cause because of seasonal and regional variations. A definitive increase in platelet count was noted after the underlying cause was treated. Severe cases of septicemia with associated co-morbidities resulted in mortality.
摘要背景:伴随急性发热性疾病的血小板减少是一个令人担忧的问题,因为缺乏及时的治疗可能导致显著的死亡率。在这项研究中,我们试图评估急性发热和血小板减少症病例的临床特征,并确定发热伴血小板减少症的原因以及在我们医院对这些患者的治疗结果。方法:本研究纳入了符合纳入和排除标准的连续50例急性发热性疾病伴血小板减少症。临床症状如皮疹、脱水症状、瘀点、黄疸、淋巴结病、肝肿大、脾肿大、贫血、腹部压痛、感觉功能改变。调查包括CBP、ESR、LFT、RFT、血清电解质、胸部X光片、USG腹部。其他调查包括登革热血清学、疟疾、Widal、钩端螺旋体病IgM、AFB痰。结果:在50例急性发热伴血小板减少症患者中,所有患者都得到了明确诊断,疟疾(40%)是最常见的病因,其次是肠热(24%)、病毒热(14%)、败血症(6%)、登革热(14%)和钩端螺旋体病(2%)。50%的患者血小板计数在50000–10000之间,30%的患者血小板数在100000-150000之间。8%的病例在入院时血小板计数低于25000,12%的病例在25000-50000之间。观察到10%的死亡率。结论:感染是血小板减少症最常见的病因。疟疾、登革热、钩端螺旋体病和其他病毒感染是这一人群的主要疾病。由于季节和地区差异,疟疾的诊断是常见的原因。治疗潜在病因后,血小板计数明显增加。严重的败血症合并并发症导致死亡。
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引用次数: 0
Randomized Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy of Intrathecal Dexmedetomidine to Low dose hyperbaric 0.5% Bupivacaine in Elective Lower Segment Caesarean Section 选择性下段剖宫产术中鞘内右美托咪定与低剂量高压0.5%布比卡因疗效的随机对照研究
Pub Date : 2022-01-06 DOI: 10.47799/pimr.0903.12
Y. Borse, A. Patil, S. Thorat, R. Subhedar
Abstract Introduction: Dexmedetomidine has been safely used as an adjuvant for subarachnoid block in obstetric as well as non-obstetric surgeries and was found to be effective without adverse effects. Hence, this study was conducted to determine the efficacy of intrathecal Dexmedetomidine for elective lower segment caesarean sections with reduction of local anesthetic dose. Objectives: This double blinded, randomized controlled study was designed to compare the effects of addition of Dexmedetomidine on 1) Sensory and motor block 2) Maternal hemodynamics 3) Post-operative analgesia and 4) Neonatal outcome. Methods: Eighty parturients were enrolled in study and randomized into two groups as of 40 each and named as Group D and Group B. Group D received 0.5% Hyperbaric Bupivacaine 9mg (1.8ml) + Dexmedetomidine 5µg (0.2ml of 25 µg per ml ) and for Group B received 0.5% Hyperbaric Bupivacaine 10mg (2ml) . Characteristics of block, maternal hemodynamics and neonatal outcome were recorded. P value <0.05 was considered as significant. Results: Sensory onset was rapid in D group as compared to B group (3.7 ± 1.1vs 4.5±1.2) and motor onset was also rapid in D group (3.8±2.0 vs 4.9 ±1.9) with 95% CI. Duration of analgesia was also significantly high in Group D (230.5±40.5 vs 145.1±28.5). No adverse maternal and fetal outcomes were reported. Conclusion: Intrathecal Dexmedetomidine with low dose bupivacaine for cesarean section hastens the sensory as well as motor onset without adversely affecting mother and neonate.
摘要简介:在产科和非产科手术中,右美托咪定已被安全地用作蛛网膜下腔阻滞的辅助药物,并且被发现是有效的,没有副作用。因此,本研究旨在确定鞘内注射右美托咪定在减少局部麻醉剂量的情况下对选择性下段剖腹产的疗效。目的:这项双盲随机对照研究旨在比较添加右美托咪定对1)感觉和运动阻滞2)母体血液动力学3)术后镇痛和4)新生儿结局的影响。方法:80名产妇被纳入研究,并随机分为两组,每组40人,分别命名为D组和B组。D组接受0.5%高压布比卡因9mg(1.8ml)+右美托咪定5µg(0.2ml,每ml 25µg),B组接受0.5%高压布比卡因10mg(2ml)。记录阻滞特征、母体血液动力学和新生儿结局。P值<0.05被认为是显著的。结果:与B组相比,D组的感觉发作迅速(3.7±1.1 vs 4.5±1.2),运动发作也迅速(3.8±2.0 vs 4.9±1.9),CI为95%。D组的镇痛持续时间也显著延长(230.5±40.5 vs 145.1±28.5)。没有不良的母体和胎儿结局报告。结论:鞘内注射右美托咪定和小剂量布比卡因用于剖宫产可加速感觉和运动发作,而不会对母亲和新生儿产生不利影响。
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引用次数: 0
Use of Computed Tomography (CT scan) for delineating anatomy and variation of frontal Sinus before Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery 功能性内窥镜鼻窦手术前计算机断层扫描(CT扫描)在额窦解剖和变异中的应用
Pub Date : 2022-01-06 DOI: 10.47799/pimr.0903.13
Sajjad Ali Hashmi Syed, Sadaf Tanveer Khan, J. Syed
Abstract Introduction: For Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS), the surgeon needs an accurate depiction of the anatomy of paranasal sinuses and their variations. Computed tomography (CT Scan) fulfills this requirement by providing detailed anatomy, the anatomical variants, and the extent of the disease in and around the Para nasal sinuses. The aim of this study is to show the anatomy of the Frontal sinus as delineated by the computed tomography. Materials and Methods: STUDY DESIGN: Cross section Descriptive Study. Out of 337 patients above 12 years of age who were referred for computed tomography of paranasal sinuses in the Dept. of Radio- Diagnosis, Govt. Medical College and Hospital from December 2015 till October 2017, 200 adults(males and females) were randomly selected.Of the 200 subjects studied 37(18.5%) subjects had hypoplastic/ non or poorly pneumatised frontal sinuses of which 31 (15.5%) were bilateral and 6 (3%) were unilateral i.e. on right side. Observations and results: Intra frontal cell were seen in about 64 (32%) subjects of which 26 (13%) on right side, 24 (12%) were on left side and 14 (7%) were bilateral. Extension of pneumatisation into crista galli was seen in 16 (8%) subjects and into orbital roof was seen in 6 (3%) subjects. Conclusion: The findings in this study show that anatomical variations in the Para nasal sinuses and nasal cavity are common. Computed tomography is fundamental radiologic investigation for diagnosis of the Sino nasal lesions or pre and post-surgical assessment.
摘要简介:对于功能性内窥镜鼻窦手术(FESS),外科医生需要准确描述鼻窦的解剖结构及其变异。计算机断层扫描(CT扫描)通过提供鼻旁窦及其周围的详细解剖结构、解剖变异和疾病程度来满足这一要求。本研究的目的是通过计算机断层扫描显示额窦的解剖结构。材料和方法:研究设计:横断面描述性研究。从2015年12月至2017年10月,在337名12岁以上的患者中,随机选择了200名成年人(男性和女性),这些患者在政府医学院和医院的放射诊断科接受了鼻窦计算机断层扫描。在研究的200名受试者中,37名(18.5%)受试者的额窦发育不全/未通气或通气不良,其中31名(15.5%)为双侧,6名(3%)为单侧,即右侧。观察和结果:约64名(32%)受试者出现额内细胞,其中26名(13%)在右侧,24名(12%)在左侧,14名(7%)在双侧。在16名(8%)受试者中发现气化扩展到鸡嵴,在6名(3%)受试人中发现气化延伸到眶顶。结论:本研究结果表明,副鼻窦和鼻腔的解剖变异是常见的。计算机断层扫描是诊断鼻腔病变或术前和术后评估的基础放射学研究。
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引用次数: 0
Potential role of Thiocolchicoside in anxiety disorder: A pre-clinical study 硫代秋糖苷在焦虑障碍中的潜在作用:一项临床前研究
Pub Date : 2022-01-06 DOI: 10.47799/pimr.0903.11
K. Gourav, Prabhakar Adake, R. Nayak
Abstract Aim:The aim of the current study is to evaluate anti-anxiety and potentiating effect of Thiocolchicoside in animal models of anxiety. Methodology: A total of 24 (n=24) Swiss albino mice were procured, and they were divided into four groups of six mice in each. First group of mice (control) received 10 ml/kg-Normal Saline, second group (standard) received 2.0 mg/kg-Diazepam, test-1 received 1 mg/kg-Thiocolchicoside and test-2 received Thiocolchicoside (1mg/kg) + Diazepam (2mg/kg) for seven days per orally. All the mice were evaluated for anti-anxiety activity by Elevated Plus Maze (EPM) 60 minutes after the oral drug administration of drugs on day 1, 3 and 7 and later after a washout period of one month, same four groups of mice were screened by Light and Dark Arena (LDA) model after receiving respective drugs. Results: One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s Kramer test were applied for inter group comparison and correlation test for intra-group comparison. Results are expressed in mean ± SEM. In EPM, time spent in open arm for the control, standard, test- 1 and test-2 were 64.5±25.81, 128.33±17.6, 138±10.56 and 168.33±22.35 seconds respectively. There is statistically significant difference between standard (P=0.05), test-1 (P=0.05) and test-2 (P=0.03) when compared with control group. Similarly, time spent in closed arm for the control, standard, test-1 and test-2 were 238.83±20.41, 171.67± 17.6, 162±10.56 and 131.67±22.35 seconds respectively. In this, test-2 is statistically significant from the control group (P=0.05). The number of entries in the open arm for the control group, standard group, test-1 and test-2 were 3.5±1.64, 13.17±7.44, 21 ± 4.05 and 13.33 ± 2.16 respectively. There is statistically significant difference between standard (P=0.03), test-1 (P=0.02) and test-2 (P=0.03) with control. Similarly, number of entries to closed arm for the control, standard, test-1 and test-2 were 9.5±3.62, 16.33 ± 5.65, 16.33 ± 4.23 and 8.17 ± 1.72 respectively. The values obtained for the standard, test-1 and test-2 were not statistically significant (P=0.8). In LDA, time spent in light arena for the control, standard, test-1 and test-2 were 106.83±18.21, 163.5±21.66, 105.33 ± 11.57 and 125.17 ± 16.35 seconds respectively. Statistically significant difference between the control and the standard group (P=0.05) is noted. Time spent in dark arena for the control, standard, test-1 and test-2 were 193.17±18.21, 136.5±11.66, 194.67±15.57 and 174.83±16.35 seconds respectively. Here only standard group is statistically significant when compared with control (P=0.05). The number of entries in the light arena for the control, standard, test-1 and test-2 were 11.67 ± 1.37, 13.17 ± 2.48, 12 ± 2.61 and 11.67 ± 1.03 respectively. The number of entries in the dark arena for the control, standard, test-1 and test-2 were 12.17 ± 1.47, 13.17 ± 2.93, 11.83 ± 2.23 and 11 ± 0.89 respectively. With regard to number of entries in the light and dark arena t
摘要目的:本研究的目的是评估Thiocolchicoside在焦虑动物模型中的抗焦虑和增强作用。方法:共获得24只(n=24)瑞士白化病小鼠,将其分为四组,每组6只。第一组小鼠(对照组)接受10ml/kg生理盐水,第二组(标准组)接受2.0mg/kg地西泮,试验-1接受1mg/kg硫代秋水仙糖苷,试验-2接受1mg/kg Thiocolchicoside+2mg/kg地西泮口服7天。在第1天、第3天和第7天口服药物给药60分钟后,以及在一个月的冲洗期后,通过Elevated Plus Maze(EPM)对所有小鼠的抗焦虑活性进行评估,同样的四组小鼠在接受各自的药物后通过Light and Dark Arena(LDA)模型进行筛选。结果:单因素方差分析和Tukey’s Kramer检验用于组间比较,相关检验用于组内比较。结果用平均值±SEM表示。在EPM中,对照组、标准组、试验-1和试验-2在开放臂上花费的时间分别为64.5±25.81、128.33±17.6、138±10.56和168.33±22.35秒。与对照组相比,标准组(P=0.05)、试验-1组(P=0.005)和试验-2组(P=0.03)之间存在统计学显著差异。同样,对照组、标准组、试验-1和试验-2在闭合臂上花费的时间分别为238.83±20.41、171.67±17.6、162±10.56和131.67±22.35秒。其中,试验-2与对照组相比具有统计学意义(P=0.05)。对照组、标准组、试验-1和试验-2的开放臂条目数分别为3.5±1.64、13.17±7.44、21±4.05和13.33±2.16。标准组(P=0.03)、试验-1组(P=0.02)和试验-2组(P=0.003)与对照组之间存在统计学显著差异。同样,对照组、标准组、试验-1和试验-2进入闭合臂的次数分别为9.5±3.62、16.33±5.65、16.33士4.23和8.17±1.72。在LDA中,对照组、标准组、试验组1和试验组2在光场中花费的时间分别为106.83±18.21、163.5±21.66、105.33±11.57和125.17±16.35秒。对照组和标准组之间存在统计学上的显著差异(P=0.05)。对照组、标准组、试验-1和试验-2在黑暗环境中的时间分别为193.17±18.21、136.5±11.66、194.67±15.57和174.83±16.35秒。与对照组相比,只有标准组具有统计学意义(P=0.05)。对照组、标准组、测试-1和测试-2在光场的进入次数分别为11.67±1.37、13.17±2.48、12±2.61和11.67±1.03。对照组、标准组、试验-1和试验-2在黑暗区域的进入次数分别为12.17±1.47、13.17±2.93、11.83±2.23和11±0.89。就进入光明和黑暗领域的次数而言,两组之间没有统计学上的显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:研究结果清楚地表明,在EPM和LDA模型中,Thiocolchicoside(1mg/kg)与地西泮联合使用具有抗焦虑和额外增强作用。
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Perspectives In Medical Research
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