Tajmul Sayyad, Mustafa Ahmed Md, Azizuddin Junaidi Khaja, S Bhayya
Abstract In India Mass Drug Administration (MDA) drive is undertaken every year. In mass drug administration DEC and Albendazole combination is used. For the strategy to be effective, more than 85% of those living in endemic areas must be covered by MDA. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study in which family clusters were selected from rural and urban areas. Information about coverage, compliance with MDA and knowledge of filariasis was obtained using a questionnaire. Data were analysed using percentages and proportions. Results: In this study, about 92.51% of the study participants received DEC and ABZ tablets during MDA, of which 95.14 % of participants consumed the drugs. The most common cause of noncompliance was fear of side effects. Conclusion: Coverage of the population with DEC and albendazole combination was good but compliance needs to be improved. IEC activities should be intensified. Local leaders should be involved in the programme to increase compliance.
{"title":"Assessment of coverage and compliance of mass drug administration for lymphatic filariasis in Medak District-2021","authors":"Tajmul Sayyad, Mustafa Ahmed Md, Azizuddin Junaidi Khaja, S Bhayya","doi":"10.47799/pimr.1101.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47799/pimr.1101.11","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In India Mass Drug Administration (MDA) drive is undertaken every year. In mass drug administration DEC and Albendazole combination is used. For the strategy to be effective, more than 85% of those living in endemic areas must be covered by MDA. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study in which family clusters were selected from rural and urban areas. Information about coverage, compliance with MDA and knowledge of filariasis was obtained using a questionnaire. Data were analysed using percentages and proportions. Results: In this study, about 92.51% of the study participants received DEC and ABZ tablets during MDA, of which 95.14 % of participants consumed the drugs. The most common cause of noncompliance was fear of side effects. Conclusion: Coverage of the population with DEC and albendazole combination was good but compliance needs to be improved. IEC activities should be intensified. Local leaders should be involved in the programme to increase compliance.","PeriodicalId":30624,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives In Medical Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135693368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anuradha G Patil, Shweta Ghatapanadi, Safura Batul, Anita A M
Abstract Background: Congenital malformations remain a common cause of perinatal deaths accounting for 10-15% in developing countries like India. They are the most severe disorders of the central nervous system. Although antenatal screening for congenital anomalies has been improved over the years, fetal autopsy remains the gold standard for the identification and confirmation of congenital malformations. The present study emphasizes the importance of perinatal autopsy for understanding the cause of death and also conformation of the antenatal diagnosis of the spectrum of various congenital CNS malformations. Methods: We studied 644 perinatal autopsies conducted in our hospital. The duration of the study was 5 years, from 1 st August 2015 to 31 st July 2020 that included all perinatal autopsies with gestational age of 22 weeks to less than 7 days. Results: Out of 644 perinatal autopsies 125 cases (19.4%) had congenital anomalies, of which 62 cases (9.6%) showed CNS malformations. The most common CNS anomalies encountered were anencephaly 14 cases (22.6%) followed by 10 cases (16.1%) each of spina bifida and meningocele, and 8 cases (12.9%) of meningomyelocele. In the present study, 6 (9.7%) cases of CNS malformations were associated with known syndromes namely Edward syndrome, Potter’s syndrome, and KlippelFeil syndrome. Along with CNS in 21 (33.9%) cases we observed associated malformations of other systems with 7 cases involving the musculoskeletal system, 3 cases involving the genitourinary system, and 5 (8.1%) cases showing multisystem involvement. Conclusion: Antenatal screening for congenital anomalies has been improved over the years. Even then fetal autopsy remains the gold standard for the identification and confirmation of congenital malformations. Understanding this gives valuable information that can be further helpful in the genetic counseling of the parents.
{"title":"Study of Central Nervous System Malformations of Perinatal Autopsies","authors":"Anuradha G Patil, Shweta Ghatapanadi, Safura Batul, Anita A M","doi":"10.47799/pimr.1101.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47799/pimr.1101.10","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: Congenital malformations remain a common cause of perinatal deaths accounting for 10-15% in developing countries like India. They are the most severe disorders of the central nervous system. Although antenatal screening for congenital anomalies has been improved over the years, fetal autopsy remains the gold standard for the identification and confirmation of congenital malformations. The present study emphasizes the importance of perinatal autopsy for understanding the cause of death and also conformation of the antenatal diagnosis of the spectrum of various congenital CNS malformations. Methods: We studied 644 perinatal autopsies conducted in our hospital. The duration of the study was 5 years, from 1 st August 2015 to 31 st July 2020 that included all perinatal autopsies with gestational age of 22 weeks to less than 7 days. Results: Out of 644 perinatal autopsies 125 cases (19.4%) had congenital anomalies, of which 62 cases (9.6%) showed CNS malformations. The most common CNS anomalies encountered were anencephaly 14 cases (22.6%) followed by 10 cases (16.1%) each of spina bifida and meningocele, and 8 cases (12.9%) of meningomyelocele. In the present study, 6 (9.7%) cases of CNS malformations were associated with known syndromes namely Edward syndrome, Potter’s syndrome, and KlippelFeil syndrome. Along with CNS in 21 (33.9%) cases we observed associated malformations of other systems with 7 cases involving the musculoskeletal system, 3 cases involving the genitourinary system, and 5 (8.1%) cases showing multisystem involvement. Conclusion: Antenatal screening for congenital anomalies has been improved over the years. Even then fetal autopsy remains the gold standard for the identification and confirmation of congenital malformations. Understanding this gives valuable information that can be further helpful in the genetic counseling of the parents.","PeriodicalId":30624,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives In Medical Research","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135692915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sadeq Qureshi, Prakash Ambekar, Sana Usman, Rashmin Achalia
Abstract Background: Psychological distress is an important immediate outcome of the death of a spouse or divorce, which may arise because of financial and emotional challenges and can lead to adverse health outcomes with more stress, anxiety, depression, and social isolation than the general population. Methods: Cross-sectional study among separated, divorced, and widowed females from two rural villages. All eligible participants were screened for depression and anxiety using DSM 5 criteria. The severity of depression was assessed using the Hamilton depression rating scale (HDRS) and for anxiety, the Hamilton anxiety scale (HAM-A) was used. Results: Out of 162 women, 30% had mild depression whereas 42% of widow and divorced women had moderate levels of depression but it is in 50% of separated women. Severe and very severe level of depression was in around 20% of widowed and divorced women compared to 16% of separated women. There was no anxiety in around 80% of divorced and widowed women whereas 24.3% of separated women had severe anxiety. On regression analysis, separated women, dependent women, and those with less than two years of duration of separation had higher levels of depression and anxiety. Conclusion: The prevalence of Depression and Anxiety is more common in all three groups. Moderate to severe Depression is around 75% among divorced/separated and widowed females but moderate to severe anxiety was more in separated women compared to widowed women. Dependency and the early phase of widowhood/separation were also important associated factors.
{"title":"A study of prevalence and comparison of anxiety and depression among separated, divorced and widowed females in the rural population","authors":"Sadeq Qureshi, Prakash Ambekar, Sana Usman, Rashmin Achalia","doi":"10.47799/pimr.1101.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47799/pimr.1101.08","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: Psychological distress is an important immediate outcome of the death of a spouse or divorce, which may arise because of financial and emotional challenges and can lead to adverse health outcomes with more stress, anxiety, depression, and social isolation than the general population. Methods: Cross-sectional study among separated, divorced, and widowed females from two rural villages. All eligible participants were screened for depression and anxiety using DSM 5 criteria. The severity of depression was assessed using the Hamilton depression rating scale (HDRS) and for anxiety, the Hamilton anxiety scale (HAM-A) was used. Results: Out of 162 women, 30% had mild depression whereas 42% of widow and divorced women had moderate levels of depression but it is in 50% of separated women. Severe and very severe level of depression was in around 20% of widowed and divorced women compared to 16% of separated women. There was no anxiety in around 80% of divorced and widowed women whereas 24.3% of separated women had severe anxiety. On regression analysis, separated women, dependent women, and those with less than two years of duration of separation had higher levels of depression and anxiety. Conclusion: The prevalence of Depression and Anxiety is more common in all three groups. Moderate to severe Depression is around 75% among divorced/separated and widowed females but moderate to severe anxiety was more in separated women compared to widowed women. Dependency and the early phase of widowhood/separation were also important associated factors.","PeriodicalId":30624,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives In Medical Research","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135693364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract To know the percentages of incidences of various types of congenital anomalies of the renal system, an observational study was conducted at Departments of Anatomy of three medical colleges by dissection method and observation was made on dissected specimens for the presence of morphological anomalies in kidneys and the anatomical locations of kidneys and ureters. We found various types of renal anomalies like agenesis of kidney, nodular kidney and constricted (small) kidney location, ectopic kidneys bilateral polycystic kidneys. Conclusion: Various abnormalities were found in this study and so, knowledge of such anomalies of kidneys not only to anatomists but to all clinicians especially to urologists and nephrologists and radiologists.
{"title":"Examining congenital renal abnormalities in adult cadavers: an observational study","authors":"Varsha Gadade, Wasim Hiroli, Sunil Mathew","doi":"10.47799/pimr.1101.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47799/pimr.1101.12","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract To know the percentages of incidences of various types of congenital anomalies of the renal system, an observational study was conducted at Departments of Anatomy of three medical colleges by dissection method and observation was made on dissected specimens for the presence of morphological anomalies in kidneys and the anatomical locations of kidneys and ureters. We found various types of renal anomalies like agenesis of kidney, nodular kidney and constricted (small) kidney location, ectopic kidneys bilateral polycystic kidneys. Conclusion: Various abnormalities were found in this study and so, knowledge of such anomalies of kidneys not only to anatomists but to all clinicians especially to urologists and nephrologists and radiologists.","PeriodicalId":30624,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives In Medical Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135693369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background: Chronic Kidney disease is a major public health concern. In India, the burden of chronic Kidney disease cannot be assessed properly. In such case autopsy study becomes an indispensible part of Medicine. Aim: To explore the spectrum of changes seen in kidneys and correlating it with clinical findings. Material & Methods: A descriptive study of kidneys of Medico legal autopsies from January 2019 – December 2019 was conducted. A total of 665 Medico legal autopsies were received, in 73 cases kidneys were not received, while 23 kidneys had autolytic change. A total of 569 Kidneys were included in the study. The Gross and Microscopic features along with special stains were studied and the cause of death was noted. Results: A total of 569 kidney autopsies were assessed. On Gross 26% were congested, 13% had contracted granular kidney. On Histopathological examination, Non specific changes were seen in 53.4%, specific nephropathological lesions noted were chronic pyelonephritis (8.9%), acute tubular necrosis (5.6%), sickle cell nephropathy (4.7%), tubercular nephritis (1.2%). Conclusion: Infective etiology was the commonest cause, along with sickle cell nephropathy. It has provided the spectrum of lesions seen in this area along with correlation of cause of death. Screening for diabetes mellitus and hypertension would lead to early detection and timely management which would reduce chronic kidney diseases.
{"title":"Pathological changes in \u0000 Kidney Autops\u0000 ies \u0000 from North Maharashtra –A Descriptive Study","authors":"M. Vasaikar, R. Damle, K. Ruikar, Shrutika Madavi","doi":"10.47799/pimr.1101.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47799/pimr.1101.06","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000 Background: Chronic Kidney disease is a major public health concern. In India, the burden of chronic Kidney disease cannot be assessed properly. In such case autopsy study becomes an indispensible part of Medicine.\u0000 Aim: To explore the spectrum of changes seen in kidneys and correlating it with clinical findings.\u0000 Material & Methods: A descriptive study of kidneys of Medico legal autopsies from January 2019 – December 2019 was conducted. A total of 665 Medico legal autopsies were received, in 73 cases kidneys were not received, while 23 kidneys had autolytic change. A total of 569 Kidneys were included in the study. The Gross and Microscopic features along with special stains were studied and the cause of death was noted.\u0000 Results: A total of 569 kidney autopsies were assessed. On Gross 26% were congested, 13% had contracted granular kidney. On Histopathological examination, Non specific changes were seen in 53.4%, specific nephropathological lesions noted were chronic pyelonephritis (8.9%), acute tubular necrosis (5.6%), sickle cell nephropathy (4.7%), tubercular nephritis (1.2%).\u0000 Conclusion: Infective etiology was the commonest cause, along with sickle cell nephropathy. It has provided the spectrum of lesions seen in this area along with correlation of cause of death. Screening for diabetes mellitus and hypertension would lead to early detection and timely management which would reduce chronic kidney diseases.","PeriodicalId":30624,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives In Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48855258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Aim: To assess the clinical presentation and laboratory derangements of pediatric covid-19 patients admitted to the tertiary care hospital. Methodology: The present retrospective study was started after the approval of the Institutional Ethics Committee. Clinical (Sp02, final diagnosis and outcome) and biochemical parameters (Complete Blood Count, Liver Function Test, Renal Function Test, Lactate De-Hydrogenase, D-dimer, C-Reactive Protein, and Serum ferritin) of pediatric covid-19 patients were collected from Central Laboratory and Medical Record Department of our institution. Patient names were anonymized and data were analyzed. The results are expressed in percentages. Results: A total of 16 pediatric covid-19 patient details were identified and collected who were admitted during our study period. Out of 16 patients, 09 (56.2%) were female and the remaining 07 (43.7%) were male. Out of 16, 05 patients had mild covid, 07 were moderate and the remaining 04 suffered from severe covid-19 infection. The mean values of oxygen saturation, LDH, D-dimer, CRP, and Ferritin were 88%, 249.4U/L, 1140.9 ng/ml, 16.17 mg/dl, and 61.7 µg/L respectively. Mean values of 17.9 mg/dl and 0.4 mg/dl were recorded for blood urea and S.creatinine. Regarding liver function tests, mean values of 1.7mg/dl, 0.2mg/dl, 1.5mg/dl, 82.4 U/L, 55 U/L, 135.6 U/L respectively noted for total bilirubin, direct, indirect, SGOT, SGPT and ALP. Regarding patient outcomes, all the patients were covered and discharged from the hospital. Conclusion: The present study has found an increase in laboratory mean values of liver function tests but the mean values of C-Reactive protein, LDH, and d-dimer which are the acute inflammatory markers are highly disrupted compared to normal ranges.
{"title":"Laboratory derangements and clinical picture of Covid-19 in pediatric age group: A retrospective study","authors":"Mahalaxmi S. Petimani, G. Kotian, Prabhakar Adake","doi":"10.47799/pimr.1101.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47799/pimr.1101.01","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000 \u0000 Aim: To assess the clinical presentation and laboratory derangements of pediatric covid-19 patients admitted to the tertiary care hospital.\u0000 \u0000 Methodology: The present retrospective study was started after the approval of the Institutional Ethics Committee. Clinical (Sp02, final diagnosis and outcome) and biochemical parameters (Complete Blood Count, Liver Function Test, Renal Function Test, Lactate De-Hydrogenase, D-dimer, C-Reactive Protein, and Serum ferritin) of pediatric covid-19 patients were collected from Central Laboratory and Medical Record Department of our institution. Patient names were anonymized and data were analyzed. The results are expressed in percentages.\u0000 \u0000 Results: A total of 16 pediatric covid-19 patient details were identified and collected who were admitted during our study period. Out of 16 patients, 09 (56.2%) were female and the remaining 07 (43.7%) were male. Out of 16, 05 patients had mild covid, 07 were moderate and the remaining 04 suffered from severe covid-19 infection. The mean values of oxygen saturation, LDH, D-dimer, CRP, and Ferritin were 88%, 249.4U/L, 1140.9 ng/ml, 16.17 mg/dl, and 61.7 µg/L respectively. Mean values of 17.9 mg/dl and 0.4 mg/dl were recorded for blood urea and S.creatinine. Regarding liver function tests, mean values of 1.7mg/dl, 0.2mg/dl, 1.5mg/dl, 82.4 U/L, 55 U/L, 135.6 U/L respectively noted for total bilirubin, direct, indirect, SGOT, SGPT and ALP. Regarding patient outcomes, all the patients were covered and discharged from the hospital. \u0000 \u0000 Conclusion: The present study has found an increase in laboratory mean values of liver function tests but the mean values of C-Reactive protein, LDH, and d-dimer which are the acute inflammatory markers are highly disrupted compared to normal ranges.","PeriodicalId":30624,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives In Medical Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41473159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Introduction: Many studies showed that police officers complained about physical and mental health issues due to job stress. These work stresses lead to adopting unhealthy lifestyles and habits including the harmful use of alcohol and tobacco use which leads to high blood pressure, heart attacks, and other NCDs. Methods: This cross-sectional study included all male police personnel of all cadres from nine police stations of Karimnagar Mandal. WHO STEPS NCD survey questionnaires were used to collect basic soci-demographic information, clinical history, stress, and anthropometry for measurements of CVD risk factors. Result: 253 police personnel with a mean age of 41.09 years enrolled from all cadres. 152 (60%) of police personnel had multiple cardiovascular risk factors. Hypercholesterolemia (37.2%) followed by a sedentary lifestyle (30.8%), and diabetes mellitus (14.6%) were important findings in this study. This study has also revealed an important link between preceding conditions for developing cardiovascular diseases such as pre-hypertension in 42.7% and impaired fasting glucose level in 25.7% of police personnel. Half of the study police personnel had a family history of NCDs and it was not statistically significant with service experience. There was a strong association between years of experience and tobacco and alcohol use. Organizational and operational stress levels increased with the increase in years of experience in policing (p-value<0. 01). Conclusion: Smoking and alcohol consumption were more prevalent among Police personnel which need to be controlled. Physical inactivity was another important area. Their attitude towards controlling the risk factors and practicing healthy behavior to safeguard from cardiovascular diseases has to be strengthened. It can be done by conducting regular awareness camps, training sessions, and regular cardiac risk factor evaluations for all police personnel.
{"title":"A \u0000 cross-sectional \u0000 study on \u0000 the \u0000 prevalence of \u0000 cardiovascular \u0000 risk factors in police personnel of Karimnagar mandal","authors":"Katepogu Dilzith Arora, Momin Sayed Kashif, Radhika Arora","doi":"10.47799/pimr.1101.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47799/pimr.1101.02","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000 \u0000 Introduction: Many studies showed that police officers complained about physical and mental health issues due to job stress. These work stresses lead to adopting unhealthy lifestyles and habits including the harmful use of alcohol and tobacco use which leads to high blood pressure, heart attacks, and other NCDs. Methods: This cross-sectional study included all male police personnel of all cadres from nine police stations of Karimnagar Mandal. WHO STEPS NCD survey questionnaires were used to collect basic soci-demographic information, clinical history, stress, and anthropometry for measurements of CVD risk factors. Result: 253 police personnel with a mean age of 41.09 years enrolled from all cadres. 152 (60%) of police personnel had multiple cardiovascular risk factors. Hypercholesterolemia (37.2%) followed by a sedentary lifestyle (30.8%), and diabetes mellitus (14.6%) were important findings in this study. This study has also revealed an important link between preceding conditions for developing cardiovascular diseases such as pre-hypertension in 42.7% and impaired fasting glucose level in 25.7% of police personnel. Half of the study police personnel had a family history of NCDs and it was not statistically significant with service experience. There was a strong association between years of experience and tobacco and alcohol use. Organizational and operational stress levels increased with the increase in years of experience in policing (p-value<0. 01). Conclusion: Smoking and alcohol consumption were more prevalent among Police personnel which need to be controlled. Physical inactivity was another important area. Their attitude towards controlling the risk factors and practicing healthy behavior to safeguard from cardiovascular diseases has to be strengthened. It can be done by conducting regular awareness camps, training sessions, and regular cardiac risk factor evaluations for all police personnel.","PeriodicalId":30624,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives In Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48435236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohd Mudassir Shaikh, Juberahamad Rajjak Attar, S. Khatib, Shreyas Nilkanth Deshmukh
Abstract Introduction: Needle prick pain is a distressing event for a patient receiving spinal anaesthesia. A ‘Needle piercing the spine’ might be physically and mentally traumatizing for many patients. This may lead to unwanted panic and anxiety during the procedure of spinal anaesthesia. To avoid this distressing needle prick pain, many clinicians have resorted to the practice of giving injections of local anaesthetic or local application of EMLA cream or patch at the site of spinal puncture beforehand for anaesthetizing the skin and subcutaneous tissues. Methods: A prospective cohort study was done. Those enrolled patients were assessed by an expert anesthesiologist, who was not part of the research team, and he prescribed patients either EMLA cream or regular standard lignocaine infiltration anaesthesia and labelled them as Group E and Group L respectively. The pain score was assessed using a Visual Analogue Scale. Result: A total of 64 patients were enrolled in the study- 33 in Group E and 31 in Group L. Both groups had an almost similar number of patients who had a similar extent of surgery. Univariate analysis showed that the mean pain score (VAS) was significantly higher in Group E patients compared to that in Group L, p<0.001. The multivariate analysis had similar findings after controlling confounding factors in multiple regression analysis. Conclusion: Local 2% lignocaine injection achieved significantly more pain reduction during spinal needle insertion compared to the application of an EMLA patch before spinal anaesthesia.
{"title":"Comparative study of attenuation of needle prick pain of spinal anaesthesia by local infiltration analgesia versus EMLA skin patch","authors":"Mohd Mudassir Shaikh, Juberahamad Rajjak Attar, S. Khatib, Shreyas Nilkanth Deshmukh","doi":"10.47799/pimr.1101.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47799/pimr.1101.04","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000 \u0000 Introduction: Needle prick pain is a distressing event for a patient receiving spinal anaesthesia. A ‘Needle piercing the spine’ might be physically and mentally traumatizing for many patients. This may lead to unwanted panic and anxiety during the procedure of spinal anaesthesia. To avoid this distressing needle prick pain, many clinicians have resorted to the practice of giving injections of local anaesthetic or local application of EMLA cream or patch at the site of spinal puncture beforehand for anaesthetizing the skin and subcutaneous tissues. \u0000 \u0000 Methods: A prospective cohort study was done. Those enrolled patients were assessed by an expert anesthesiologist, who was not part of the research team, and he prescribed patients either EMLA cream or regular standard lignocaine infiltration anaesthesia and labelled them as Group E and Group L respectively. The pain score was assessed using a Visual Analogue Scale. \u0000 \u0000 Result: A total of 64 patients were enrolled in the study- 33 in Group E and 31 in Group L. Both groups had an almost similar number of patients who had a similar extent of surgery. Univariate analysis showed that the mean pain score (VAS) was significantly higher in Group E patients compared to that in Group L, p<0.001. The multivariate analysis had similar findings after controlling confounding factors in multiple regression analysis. \u0000 \u0000 Conclusion: Local 2% lignocaine injection achieved significantly more pain reduction during spinal needle insertion compared to the application of an EMLA patch before spinal anaesthesia.","PeriodicalId":30624,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives In Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46270867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background: End-stage renal failure is a chronic disease that greatly impacts a patient's health-related quality of life mainly due to the imposed limitations in almost all domains of their daily lives affecting >10% of the general population worldwide, amounting to >800 million individuals. Haemodialysis consists of a complex procedure for patients that requires frequent hospital or dialysis centre visits, three times a week, Objectives: To assess Quality of life and to find an association between QOL, socio-demographic factors, and clinical variables among chronic kidney disease patients on haemodialysis Material and methods: The sample consisted of 89 patients undergoing haemodialysis. Data was collected by a specially designed questionnaire (KDQOL-36) which apart from the socio-demographic and clinical variables, also included the kidney disease variables for assessing the quality of life. Results: The results indicated that haemodialysis patients' QOL was impacted by socio-demographic and clinical factors related to dialysis. The study majorly reported that these factors played a major role directly and indirectly, with social activities affecting more followed by emotional disturbances and physical activities. Conclusion: QOL of haemodialysis patients can be improved by correctable factors like anemia, diabetes, and hypertension. Healthcare practitioners can create personalised interventions that are tailored to the needs of haemodialysis patients by having a deeper grasp of the variables like treatment of co-morbidities decrease in the number of hospitalizations, better management of anemia and decreasing the distance between home & dialysis center.
{"title":"Quality of Life of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients on haemodialysis in a tertiary care centre","authors":"Karishma Shaik, R.N Sechassayana, Sathyasagar Kalidoss","doi":"10.47799/pimr.1101.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47799/pimr.1101.03","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000 \u0000 Background: End-stage renal failure is a chronic disease that greatly impacts a patient's health-related quality of life mainly due to the imposed limitations in almost all domains of their daily lives affecting >10% of the general population worldwide, amounting to >800 million individuals. Haemodialysis consists of a complex procedure for patients that requires frequent hospital or dialysis centre visits, three times a week,\u0000 \u0000 Objectives: To assess Quality of life and to find an association between QOL, socio-demographic factors, and clinical variables among chronic kidney disease patients on haemodialysis\u0000 \u0000 Material and methods: The sample consisted of 89 patients undergoing haemodialysis. Data was collected by a specially designed questionnaire (KDQOL-36) which apart from the socio-demographic and clinical variables, also included the kidney disease variables for assessing the quality of life.\u0000 \u0000 Results: The results indicated that haemodialysis patients' QOL was impacted by socio-demographic and clinical factors related to dialysis. The study majorly reported that these factors played a major role directly and indirectly, with social activities affecting more followed by emotional disturbances and physical activities.\u0000 \u0000 Conclusion: QOL of haemodialysis patients can be improved by correctable factors like anemia, diabetes, and hypertension. Healthcare practitioners can create personalised interventions that are tailored to the needs of haemodialysis patients by having a deeper grasp of the variables like treatment of co-morbidities decrease in the number of hospitalizations, better management of anemia and decreasing the distance between home & dialysis center. ","PeriodicalId":30624,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives In Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49579234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background: The impact of uric acid as a stand-alone risk factor for non-communicable illness has been debated for decades. Strong free radical scavengers like hydroxyl ions, peroxynitrite, and other antioxidants like ascorbic acid are all scavenged by serum uric acid. Neuroprotective agents include uric acid and its connection to ischemic stroke is still debatable. Therefore, the current study tried to evaluate the serum uric levels in acute ischemic stroke patients. Methods: Patients with acute stroke were included in the trial, thus if rTPA was given to them, it was noted. The patient's baseline blood pressure was taken (in a supine position). All acute stroke patients had blood drawn within 24 hours of admission to assess their lipid profiles, fasting blood sugar levels, and uric acid levels. A neurologist assessed each patient, and computer tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging were used to distinguish between ischemic stroke and other types of stroke (MRI). Results: Serum UA levels were found to be significantly higher in stroke patients, with 77.5 percent of patients having high levels (>6 mg/dL) compared to 30.0 percent of controls. When compared to the controls, the mean serum UA level in patients was considerably higher (p=0.0212). Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between serum UA levels and outcome. Independent of other prognostic criteria, patients with high serum UA levels had a significantly worse outcome. Conclusion: A significant relationship exists between high serum UA levels and ischemic stroke, stroke subtypes (excluding lacunar stroke), and poor outcomes. Finding and managing modifiable risk factors for stroke has advanced quite a bit. Hyperuricemia could be therapeutically targeted in the same manner that other risk factors, such as dyslipidemia and blood pressure, are regularly treated after stroke.
{"title":"Estimation of serum uric acid level in acute ischemic stroke","authors":"K. Prashanthi, K. G","doi":"10.47799/pimr.1101.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47799/pimr.1101.05","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000 \u0000 Background: The impact of uric acid as a stand-alone risk factor for non-communicable illness has been debated for decades. Strong free radical scavengers like hydroxyl ions, peroxynitrite, and other antioxidants like ascorbic acid are all scavenged by serum uric acid. Neuroprotective agents include uric acid and its connection to ischemic stroke is still debatable. Therefore, the current study tried to evaluate the serum uric levels in acute ischemic stroke patients.\u0000 \u0000 Methods: Patients with acute stroke were included in the trial, thus if rTPA was given to them, it was noted. The patient's baseline blood pressure was taken (in a supine position). All acute stroke patients had blood drawn within 24 hours of admission to assess their lipid profiles, fasting blood sugar levels, and uric acid levels. A neurologist assessed each patient, and computer tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging were used to distinguish between ischemic stroke and other types of stroke (MRI).\u0000 \u0000 Results: Serum UA levels were found to be significantly higher in stroke patients, with 77.5 percent of patients having high levels (>6 mg/dL) compared to 30.0 percent of controls. When compared to the controls, the mean serum UA level in patients was considerably higher (p=0.0212). Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between serum UA levels and outcome. Independent of other prognostic criteria, patients with high serum UA levels had a significantly worse outcome.\u0000 \u0000 Conclusion: A significant relationship exists between high serum UA levels and ischemic stroke, stroke subtypes (excluding lacunar stroke), and poor outcomes. Finding and managing modifiable risk factors for stroke has advanced quite a bit. Hyperuricemia could be therapeutically targeted in the same manner that other risk factors, such as dyslipidemia and blood pressure, are regularly treated after stroke.","PeriodicalId":30624,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives In Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48718744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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