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2003 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena最新文献

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A study on the selection of outdoor insulators used in high altitude areas 高海拔地区室外绝缘子的选择研究
Pub Date : 2003-10-19 DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254875
W. Shi, Z. Guan, L.M. Wang, J. Zhou
In recent years, large-scale development of China's western region has been vigorously promoted. As part of the development, several very high voltage transmission lines have been or are planning to be built in China's western region with a high altitude. The contamination flashover of insulators depends not only on the severity and type of contamination, but also on the altitude at which these insulators are situated. Reduced pressure or air density combined with light contamination at high altitudes decrease the flashover voltage. This paper analyzes the affects of low air pressure on the insulation characters of the transmission lines theoretically and experimentally, and a suggestion is given for the selection of outdoor insulator that will be used in the 110 kV AC power transmission line along Qinghai-Tibet railway.
近年来,中国大力推进西部大开发。作为开发的一部分,中国西部高海拔地区已经或正在计划修建几条超高压输电线路。绝缘子的污闪不仅取决于污染的严重程度和类型,而且还取决于这些绝缘子所处的高度。在高海拔地区,压力或空气密度降低,再加上光污染,会降低闪络电压。本文从理论和实验两方面分析了低压对输电线路绝缘特性的影响,并对青藏铁路110kv交流输电线路室外绝缘子的选用提出了建议。
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引用次数: 7
Modeling studies of cellular response to ultrashort, high-intensity electric fields 细胞对超短、高强度电场反应的建模研究
Pub Date : 2003-10-19 DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254867
R. Joshi, Q. Hu, K. Schoenbach, V. Lakdawala
The dynamics of electroporation in biological cells subjected to nanosecond, high intensity pulses are studied based on a coupled scheme involving current continuity and Smoluchowski equations. A new distributed current model is presented for potential distribution to includes dynamic conductivities of cell membranes and substructures caused by pore formation. Different cell responses of normal and malignant (Farage) tonsillar B-cells are compared and discussed. It is shown that ultrashort, high-intensity electric pulses could selectively damage cancer cells.
基于电流连续性和Smoluchowski方程的耦合方案,研究了生物细胞在纳秒级高强度脉冲作用下的电穿孔动力学。提出了一种新的分布电流模型,该模型考虑了细胞膜和孔形成引起的亚结构的动态电导率。比较和讨论了正常和恶性(法拉奇)扁桃体b细胞的不同细胞反应。研究表明,超短、高强度的电脉冲可以选择性地破坏癌细胞。
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引用次数: 14
Dielectric properties of three component mixtures of nonlinear, resistive, and non-conducting grains 非线性、电阻和非导电晶粒三组分混合物的介电特性
Pub Date : 2003-10-19 DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254807
J. Y. Zhou, Steven A. Boggs
The nonlinear dielectric properties of a three component system consisting of nonlinear resistive, linear resistive, and nonconducting cubes of equal size is studied to determine the range of nonlinear grading properties which can be achieved. The system is modeled on a statistical basis, with confirmation through Monte Carlo simulations. The objective is to gain insight into the range of field grading properties which should be possible as a function of the characteristics of the nonlinear component and the ratio of the three components.
研究了由等尺寸的非线性电阻、线性电阻和非导电立方体组成的三分量系统的非线性介电性能,以确定可以实现的非线性分级性能范围。系统在统计的基础上建立了模型,并通过蒙特卡罗模拟进行了验证。目标是深入了解作为非线性成分特征和三个成分比例的函数的现场分级属性的范围。
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引用次数: 6
Characterization of dielectric materials using a high-resolution scanning Kelvin-microprobe 使用高分辨率扫描开尔文微探针表征介电材料
Pub Date : 2003-10-19 DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254783
L. Cheran, P. Lam, Z. Zheng, S. Boggs, M. Thompson
The scanning Kelvin microprobe is a powerful technique to characterize subtle changes in surface microstructure and local chemical properties through the simultaneously imaging of the topography and potential distribution across a surface at the sub-micron level. The study of dielectric materials using the Kelvin method opens a new area of applications for a technique traditionally reserved specifically for metals and, more recently, for semiconductor materials. We present here the capabilities of this new instrument, the characterization of dielectric samples and the related challenges, as well as Finite Element Analysis models of this particular type of insulating surfaces.
扫描开尔文微探针是一种强大的技术,可以通过在亚微米水平上同时成像表面的形貌和电位分布,来表征表面微观结构和局部化学性质的细微变化。使用开尔文方法研究介电材料,为传统上专门用于金属以及最近用于半导体材料的技术开辟了一个新的应用领域。我们在这里介绍了这种新仪器的功能,电介质样品的表征和相关的挑战,以及这种特殊类型绝缘表面的有限元分析模型。
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引用次数: 4
Charge behavior in flowing charged oil/pressboard composite insulation system based on electric field measurement 基于电场测量的流动荷电油/压板复合绝缘系统的电荷行为
Pub Date : 2003-10-19 DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254825
M. Wakamatsu, K. Kato, H. Koide, H. Okubo
Electrostatic charging may occur in oil immersed power transformers because of a flow electrification phenomenon. In this paper, we directly measured the time variation of electric field strength in the flowing charged oil using an electro-optic Kerr effect to clarify the charge behavior in the flowing oil/pressboard (PB) composite system. We discussed the measurement results from the viewpoint of charge behavior. Finally we found that the charging process is dependent on the three different electric fields, i.e. applied field, space charge field and counter field by accumulated charges, and is finalized by the balance of these fields.
油浸式电力变压器由于流动带电现象,可能产生静电充电。本文利用电光克尔效应直接测量了流动的带电油中电场强度的时间变化,以阐明流动的油/压板(PB)复合体系中的电荷行为。我们从电荷行为的角度对测量结果进行了讨论。最后我们发现充电过程依赖于外加场、空间电荷场和累积电荷的反场这三种不同的电场,并通过这些电场的平衡来完成。
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引用次数: 5
Comparative study of dielectric relaxation spectra of electrically and thermally aged low density polyethylene 电老化与热老化低密度聚乙烯介电弛豫谱的比较研究
Pub Date : 2003-10-19 DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254819
M. Lança, C. Dias, D. D. Das Gupta, J. Marat-Mendes
Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) films were thermally aged in a sodium chloride aqueous solution at constant temperature (thermal aging). Some of the samples were simultaneously immersed in solution and subjected to an electric AC field (electrical aging). The dielectric relaxation spectra at 30/spl deg/C in the range of 10/sup -5/ Hz to 10/sup 5/ Hz were obtained for unaged and aged samples. For the low frequency (LF) region (10/sup -5/ Hz to 10/sup -1/ Hz) the time domain technique was used. A lock-in amplifier was used for the 10/sup -1/ Hz to 10/sup 1/ Hz medium frequency (MF) region. While for the high frequency (HF), 10/sup -1/ Hz to 10/sup 5/ Hz, RLC bridge measurements were performed. The main differences can be seen between electrically, thermally aged and unaged LDPE in the HF and LF regions. The LF peak is a broad peak related to localized space charge injection driven by the electric field. For electrically aged samples this peak increases in an earlier stage of electrical aging, decreasing afterwards. While in thermally aged samples the peak amplitude always increases with aging time. Finally the HF shows the beginning of a peak due to the /spl gamma/ and /spl beta/ transitions. This peak decreases with aging disappearing for the most aged samples.
低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)薄膜在氯化钠水溶液中恒温热老化(热老化)。部分样品同时浸泡在溶液中并经受交流电场(电老化)。得到了未老化和老化样品在30/spl℃下10/sup -5/ Hz ~ 10/sup 5/ Hz范围内的介电弛豫谱。低频(LF)区域(10/sup -5/ Hz至10/sup -1/ Hz)采用时域技术。锁相放大器用于10/sup -1/ Hz至10/sup 1/ Hz中频(MF)区域。而对于高频(HF), 10/sup -1/ Hz至10/sup 5/ Hz,则进行RLC桥测量。在高频和低频区域,电老化、热老化和未老化的LDPE之间的主要区别可以看出。低频峰是一个宽峰,与电场驱动的局域空间电荷注入有关。对于电老化的样品,这个峰值在电老化的早期阶段增加,之后下降。而在热时效样品中,峰值振幅随时效时间的延长而增大。最后,HF显示了由于/spl γ /和/spl β /转换而产生的峰值的开始。这个峰值随着老化的消失而减小。
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引用次数: 2
Very fast transient over-voltages and transient enclosure voltages in gas insulated substations 气体绝缘变电站的快速瞬态过电压和瞬态外壳电压
Pub Date : 2003-10-19 DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254903
J. Amarnath, D. Paramahamsa, K. Narasimharao, B.P. Singh, K.D. Shrivastava
Gas Insulated Substations have found a broad range of applications in power systems over the last three decades because of their high reliability, easy maintenance, small ground space requirements etc. Although GIS have been in operation for several years, some of the problems are of more attention. These problems include generation of Very Fast Transient Overvoltages (VFTO) during switching operations or earthing faults, the secondary breakdown inside GIS caused by VFTO and Transient Enclosure Voltages (TEA) outside the GIS. In this paper the VFTO levels are estimated by using PSPICE models for all the equivalent circuits of the GIS components including the spark channel development. The results show that the spark lengths below 4 cm, will not affect the VFTO level in a GIS. Further, the maximum possible value of the VFTO level is 2.72 per unit in the case of a 245 KV GIS has been observed. Moreover, the maximum over voltages occur at the open ends of the gas insulated bus bars. However, the VFTO levels after the VFTO breakdown under highly non-uniform fields are low i.e.-1.7 per unit after introduction of spark resistance and hence the Over voltages are further reduced to 1.2 per unit.
在过去的三十年中,气体绝缘变电站因其高可靠性,易于维护,占地面积小等优点在电力系统中得到了广泛的应用。地理信息系统虽已投入使用多年,但仍存在一些值得关注的问题。这些问题包括在开关操作或接地故障期间产生的快速瞬态过电压(VFTO),由VFTO和GIS外部的瞬态外壳电压(TEA)引起的GIS内部的二次击穿。本文利用PSPICE模型对包括火花通道发展在内的所有GIS元件等效电路的VFTO电平进行了估计。结果表明,火花长度小于4 cm时,不会影响GIS的VFTO电平。此外,在245千伏地理信息系统的情况下,VFTO水平的最大可能值为每单位2.72。此外,最大过电压发生在气体绝缘母线的开口端。然而,在高度不均匀场下,VFTO击穿后的VFTO电平很低,即在引入火花电阻后每单位-1.7,因此过电压进一步降低到每单位1.2。
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引用次数: 10
Influence of vapor bubbles initiated by steady heating on the breakdown of liquid nitrogen 稳定加热产生的蒸汽泡对液氮分解的影响
Pub Date : 2003-10-19 DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254856
T. P. Hong, P. Frayssines, O. Lesaint, F. Aitken, F. Devaux
This paper presents an experimental study of the influence of vapor bubbles on breakdown in liquid nitrogen. Vapor bubbles are initiated by creating a small hot spot at the surface of an electrode. The behavior of vapor bubbles is first investigated by visualization, versus power dissipated by the heater, pressure and electric field. When breakdown occurs in the presence of bubbles, it is due to formation of either a vapor bridge between the electrodes (at low pressure), or a vapor layer on the hot spot (at high pressure). The results are discussed in comparison with gas breakdown fields obtained from the Paschen's law.
本文对液氮中汽泡对击穿的影响进行了实验研究。蒸汽泡是通过在电极表面产生一个小的热点而产生的。蒸汽气泡的行为首先通过可视化研究,与加热器,压力和电场耗散的功率。当在气泡存在的情况下发生击穿时,这是由于电极之间形成了气桥(在低压下),或者在热点上形成了蒸汽层(在高压下)。并与由Paschen定律得到的气体击穿场进行了比较。
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引用次数: 9
Investigation of the mechanisms leading to the electrical breakdown of a triggered water gaps 对触发水隙导致电气击穿的机制进行调查
Pub Date : 2003-10-19 DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254958
Mohsen Saniei, S. J. MacGreggor, R. Fouracre
The breakdown of a triggered, plane-parallel electrode system with water dielectric has been investigated. The gap was triggered by a discharge initiated at an electrically isolated trigger pin, positioned in the center of one of the electrodes, using a 500 ns voltage pulse. A 5000 fps CCD-camera monitored events occurring in the gap during such a discharge and the intensity variations of a laser beam transmitted through the electrode gap was also monitored. The results indicate the initiation, expansion and collapse of a gas bubble generated at the trigger electrode. The subsequent application of a voltage between the plane electrodes results in the complete breakdown of the gap due to the trigger discharge. The effect of a delay time between the trigger pulse and the application of the main gap voltage was consistent with the growth and collapse of the trigger-initiated bubble.
研究了一种具有水介质的触发平面平行电极系统的击穿问题。该间隙是由位于其中一个电极中心的电隔离触发引脚触发的放电触发的,使用500ns电压脉冲。在放电过程中,一台5000fps的ccd摄像机监测了电极间隙中发生的事件,并监测了通过电极间隙传输的激光束的强度变化。结果显示了在触发电极处产生的气泡的起爆、膨胀和破裂。随后在平面电极之间施加电压,由于触发放电导致间隙完全击穿。触发脉冲与施加主间隙电压之间的延迟时间的影响与触发触发气泡的生长和破裂一致。
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引用次数: 1
Surface breakdown of printed circuit board under dc magnetic field 直流磁场作用下印刷电路板的表面击穿
Pub Date : 2003-10-19 DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254849
B. Du
Surface dielectric breakdown phenomenon of printed circuit board (PCB) under dc magnetic field was investigated, we employed a dc magnetic field, which was made at 395 mT, and the electrical field was made at 60 kV/mm, 100 kV/mm and then up to 300 kV/mm. The experiment was carried out by dc pulse voltage with the frequencies in the range of 50 Hz to 150 Hz. PCB of epoxy resin laminate have been employed to investigate the effects of the magnetic field, the density of electrical field and the frequencies of applied voltage on discharge quantity. The relation between the time to insulation breakdown and the electrical fields under dc magnetic field were examined. Surface dielectric breakdown is caused by decomposed carbon on the sample surface, which is precipitated due to heat from discharge currents occurred between the electrodes. The study revealed that the time to breakdown decreases under magnetic field and decreases with increasing the density of electrical field. The characteristics of discharge currents were discussed by using a power spectral density. The results show that the power spectral density of discharge currents increases under magnetic field and with increasing the density of electrical fields.
研究了印刷电路板(PCB)在直流磁场作用下的表面介电击穿现象,采用395 mT的直流磁场,外加60kv /mm、100kv /mm、300kv /mm的电场。实验采用频率为50 ~ 150 Hz的直流脉冲电压进行。采用环氧树脂层压板为实验材料,研究了磁场、电场密度和外加电压频率对环氧树脂层压板放电量的影响。研究了直流磁场作用下绝缘击穿时间与电场的关系。表面介电击穿是由样品表面的碳分解引起的,这是由于电极之间发生的放电电流产生的热量而沉淀的。研究表明,在磁场作用下,击穿时间减小,随着电场密度的增大而减小。用功率谱密度法讨论了放电电流的特性。结果表明:在磁场作用下,放电电流的功率谱密度随电场密度的增大而增大;
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引用次数: 7
期刊
2003 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena
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