Pub Date : 2003-10-19DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254925
L. Dong, Z. Wu, J.X. Yang, X. Chi
Plasma remediation is being investigated for the removal of sulfur dioxide from automotive exhausts and gases generated by combustion of fossil fuels. Modeling is playing an increasing vital role in process optimization and understanding of governing physical and chemical process. In this paper, a chemical kinetics model is developed to analyze the time evolution of the different main species involved in the flue gas initially stressed by a single pulse corona discharge at the atmospheric pressure and 300K. The typical gas composition in this model is N/sub 2//O/sub 2//H/sub 2/O/CO/sub 2/=74/5/6/15 with 500 ppm NO and 1000 ppm SO/sub 2/. The calculations indicate that sulfur dioxide is removed principally by reactions with OH radicals to produce sulfuric acid. The removal rate of SO/sub 2/ increased with increasing water vapor and oxygen content in the flue gas indicating that OH radical is important for SO/sub 2/ removal.
{"title":"Chemical kinetics model for sulfur dioxide removal in flue gas using corona discharge","authors":"L. Dong, Z. Wu, J.X. Yang, X. Chi","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254925","url":null,"abstract":"Plasma remediation is being investigated for the removal of sulfur dioxide from automotive exhausts and gases generated by combustion of fossil fuels. Modeling is playing an increasing vital role in process optimization and understanding of governing physical and chemical process. In this paper, a chemical kinetics model is developed to analyze the time evolution of the different main species involved in the flue gas initially stressed by a single pulse corona discharge at the atmospheric pressure and 300K. The typical gas composition in this model is N/sub 2//O/sub 2//H/sub 2/O/CO/sub 2/=74/5/6/15 with 500 ppm NO and 1000 ppm SO/sub 2/. The calculations indicate that sulfur dioxide is removed principally by reactions with OH radicals to produce sulfuric acid. The removal rate of SO/sub 2/ increased with increasing water vapor and oxygen content in the flue gas indicating that OH radical is important for SO/sub 2/ removal.","PeriodicalId":306575,"journal":{"name":"2003 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115679758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-10-19DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254806
Mohamed A. Morsy, M. Shwehdi, A. M. Abu-Gurain
The electron spin resonance (ESR) study, as one of the best spectroscopic tools for direct spectral studies and analysis in material science, will be carried out to characterize and simulate the thermal stress and heat-generated on insulation materials from practical loading of cable. The results will be used to evaluate the quality and main properties of raw and manufactured insulation materials. The presented work provides the first ESR investigation and evaluation of widely used power cable insulation materials, namely PVC, and XLPE. The analysis will include locally manufactured and imported raw plastic materials used by some Saudi power cable factories. Additives, like colorant and/or stabilizer, are used to standard shades lines of cables for ready identification and to enhance their quality. It is also intended in this study to identify the effect of these additives on maintaining the insulation properties of the studied samples. The results of PVC or XLPE polymeric insulation materials can be extended from life tests to the application of these materials for higher quality and improvement cable materials.
{"title":"Novel exploration of cable insulation materials using electron spin resonance spectroscopy","authors":"Mohamed A. Morsy, M. Shwehdi, A. M. Abu-Gurain","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254806","url":null,"abstract":"The electron spin resonance (ESR) study, as one of the best spectroscopic tools for direct spectral studies and analysis in material science, will be carried out to characterize and simulate the thermal stress and heat-generated on insulation materials from practical loading of cable. The results will be used to evaluate the quality and main properties of raw and manufactured insulation materials. The presented work provides the first ESR investigation and evaluation of widely used power cable insulation materials, namely PVC, and XLPE. The analysis will include locally manufactured and imported raw plastic materials used by some Saudi power cable factories. Additives, like colorant and/or stabilizer, are used to standard shades lines of cables for ready identification and to enhance their quality. It is also intended in this study to identify the effect of these additives on maintaining the insulation properties of the studied samples. The results of PVC or XLPE polymeric insulation materials can be extended from life tests to the application of these materials for higher quality and improvement cable materials.","PeriodicalId":306575,"journal":{"name":"2003 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115489043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-10-19DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254893
S. Ward
Early detection of incipient faults in transformers reduces costly unplanned outages. The most sensitive and reliable technique for evaluating the health of transformer is dissolved gas analysis (DGA). This paper uses dissolved gas analysis to study the history of different transformers in service, from which dissolved combustible gases (DCG) in oil are used as a diagnostic tool for evaluating the condition of the transformer. Oil quality and dissolved gasses tests are comparatively used for this purpose. The effect of transformer aging on dissolved combustible gasses is also examined. It is noted that the oil quality tests for transformer oil are inconclusive and that the DGA test is then necessary for complete evaluation of transformer condition.
{"title":"Evaluating transformer condition using DGA oil analysis","authors":"S. Ward","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254893","url":null,"abstract":"Early detection of incipient faults in transformers reduces costly unplanned outages. The most sensitive and reliable technique for evaluating the health of transformer is dissolved gas analysis (DGA). This paper uses dissolved gas analysis to study the history of different transformers in service, from which dissolved combustible gases (DCG) in oil are used as a diagnostic tool for evaluating the condition of the transformer. Oil quality and dissolved gasses tests are comparatively used for this purpose. The effect of transformer aging on dissolved combustible gasses is also examined. It is noted that the oil quality tests for transformer oil are inconclusive and that the DGA test is then necessary for complete evaluation of transformer condition.","PeriodicalId":306575,"journal":{"name":"2003 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122968401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-10-19DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254821
E. Ildstad
The purpose of this paper is to present results from a laboratory examination of the sensitivity of time-and frequency domain dielectric response measurements regarding detection of water in mass impregnated lead covered distribution (PILC) cables. The results show that increase of dc conductivity is a sensitive indication of high local content of water.
{"title":"Dielectric response for condition assessment of PILC distribution cables","authors":"E. Ildstad","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254821","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to present results from a laboratory examination of the sensitivity of time-and frequency domain dielectric response measurements regarding detection of water in mass impregnated lead covered distribution (PILC) cables. The results show that increase of dc conductivity is a sensitive indication of high local content of water.","PeriodicalId":306575,"journal":{"name":"2003 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123528051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-10-19DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254917
M. Shwehdi, Y. Al-Hawi
Partial Discharges (PD) on insulation in general is among the most vulnerable processes in the AC system that can cause a failure. Therefore, an effective early detection of insulation failure will significantly reduce chances of catastrophic failure in power system apparatus avoiding costly repair and power outage impact. The capacitive network representation of insulation has long been used for the study of impulse voltage distribution along the windings and, for PD detection and location. A Partial discharge (PD) model using Pspice as to generate void signals is used in this paper. The model includes the equivalent electrical circuit of solid inhomogeneous dielectrics with voids. This signal is then detected by a digital signal processing tool, which is the wavelet, under different noise intensities.
{"title":"Pspice double void partial discharge simulation and detection using wavelet","authors":"M. Shwehdi, Y. Al-Hawi","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254917","url":null,"abstract":"Partial Discharges (PD) on insulation in general is among the most vulnerable processes in the AC system that can cause a failure. Therefore, an effective early detection of insulation failure will significantly reduce chances of catastrophic failure in power system apparatus avoiding costly repair and power outage impact. The capacitive network representation of insulation has long been used for the study of impulse voltage distribution along the windings and, for PD detection and location. A Partial discharge (PD) model using Pspice as to generate void signals is used in this paper. The model includes the equivalent electrical circuit of solid inhomogeneous dielectrics with voids. This signal is then detected by a digital signal processing tool, which is the wavelet, under different noise intensities.","PeriodicalId":306575,"journal":{"name":"2003 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122711146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-10-19DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254900
Shintaro Kawaguchi, Kazuyuki Tohyamal, M. Nagao, T. Tokoro, M. Kosaki
Non-polar polymers, such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and so on, are widely used as insulators for power cable and capacitor. In ac high field region, it is known that various time dependent mechanisms, such as carrier injection from electrodes and space charge formation, are getting dominant. Here, the dissipation current waveform shape begins to show a nonlinear property. To study the conduction mechanism, especially about the space charge effect under ac high field, by using low density polyethylene (LDPE) film, frequency dependence of high field dissipation current waveform observations at room temperature are carried out in the frequency range from 50 to 200 Hz under certain fixed ac high field. These results shows nonlinearity depend on not only applied ac field but also frequency. These results indicate that the momentary time differential of applied ac field dE(t)/dt will be also the one important factor on considering the ac high field condition mechanisms. From the results of these experiments, it is found the two kinds of onset values for showing nonlinear properties. These are the momentary time differential of applied ac field dE(t)/dt and the current density. The values are around 12 kV/(mm - ms) and around 8-10 nA/mm/sup 2/, respectively. When they exceed these values, then, the dissipation current waveform deviates from the sinusoidal characteristic and starts to show nonlinear properties.
{"title":"Frequency dependence of high field dissipation current waveform of LDPE film","authors":"Shintaro Kawaguchi, Kazuyuki Tohyamal, M. Nagao, T. Tokoro, M. Kosaki","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254900","url":null,"abstract":"Non-polar polymers, such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and so on, are widely used as insulators for power cable and capacitor. In ac high field region, it is known that various time dependent mechanisms, such as carrier injection from electrodes and space charge formation, are getting dominant. Here, the dissipation current waveform shape begins to show a nonlinear property. To study the conduction mechanism, especially about the space charge effect under ac high field, by using low density polyethylene (LDPE) film, frequency dependence of high field dissipation current waveform observations at room temperature are carried out in the frequency range from 50 to 200 Hz under certain fixed ac high field. These results shows nonlinearity depend on not only applied ac field but also frequency. These results indicate that the momentary time differential of applied ac field dE(t)/dt will be also the one important factor on considering the ac high field condition mechanisms. From the results of these experiments, it is found the two kinds of onset values for showing nonlinear properties. These are the momentary time differential of applied ac field dE(t)/dt and the current density. The values are around 12 kV/(mm - ms) and around 8-10 nA/mm/sup 2/, respectively. When they exceed these values, then, the dissipation current waveform deviates from the sinusoidal characteristic and starts to show nonlinear properties.","PeriodicalId":306575,"journal":{"name":"2003 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128289931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-10-19DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254952
P. A. Vázquez, E. C. Vera, A. Castellanos, T. C. Rebollo
A numerical technique mixing finite element and particle methods is used to study numerically EHD two-dimensional plumes. The results of three calculations for different injection strengths are shown. A brief discussion of these results follows.
{"title":"Numerical calculations of two-dimensional EHD plumes with finite element and particle methods","authors":"P. A. Vázquez, E. C. Vera, A. Castellanos, T. C. Rebollo","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254952","url":null,"abstract":"A numerical technique mixing finite element and particle methods is used to study numerically EHD two-dimensional plumes. The results of three calculations for different injection strengths are shown. A brief discussion of these results follows.","PeriodicalId":306575,"journal":{"name":"2003 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124989259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-10-19DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254793
A. Goel, W. Foshee, Hulya Kirkici
Chemical weed control accounts for oyer /spl Bscr/ in costs to the American farmer. Non-chemical alternatives offer many advantages such as protecting the environment and safety for applicators. Studies have shown that high voltage, pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment of biodielectrics is an effective method to inactivate micro-organisms and bacteria. Therefore, the PEF technology might be used as an effective alternative to chemical weed control. In this work, we have studied the breakdown characteristics of weed seeds using single and repetitive pulsed electric fields. Breakdown of seeds as a function of various parameters of the pulsed system such as its duration, rise/fall time, repetition rate, and field strength, are studied. Two types of weed seeds, namely yellow foxtail and smallflower morningglory, were used in the experiment. Preliminary results suggest that the PEF method can reduce the percent germination of the yellow foxtail. Conversely, the smallflower morningglory had increased percent germination. This trend is most likely due to the presence or absence of a hardened seed coat of which the smallflower morninglory possesses.
{"title":"Pulsed electric field studies of bio-dielectrics","authors":"A. Goel, W. Foshee, Hulya Kirkici","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254793","url":null,"abstract":"Chemical weed control accounts for oyer /spl Bscr/ in costs to the American farmer. Non-chemical alternatives offer many advantages such as protecting the environment and safety for applicators. Studies have shown that high voltage, pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment of biodielectrics is an effective method to inactivate micro-organisms and bacteria. Therefore, the PEF technology might be used as an effective alternative to chemical weed control. In this work, we have studied the breakdown characteristics of weed seeds using single and repetitive pulsed electric fields. Breakdown of seeds as a function of various parameters of the pulsed system such as its duration, rise/fall time, repetition rate, and field strength, are studied. Two types of weed seeds, namely yellow foxtail and smallflower morningglory, were used in the experiment. Preliminary results suggest that the PEF method can reduce the percent germination of the yellow foxtail. Conversely, the smallflower morningglory had increased percent germination. This trend is most likely due to the presence or absence of a hardened seed coat of which the smallflower morninglory possesses.","PeriodicalId":306575,"journal":{"name":"2003 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126982805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-10-19DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254892
X. B. Li, A. Zyuzin, Alexander V. Mamishev
Real-time non-invasive moisture content sensing techniques are needed for online moisture measurement and control in food products. In this investigation, a dielectric spectroscopy based system is used for moisture determination in cookie dough. Experiments were conducted with a concentric ring dielectric sensor in the frequency range from 10 Hz to 10 kHz. The system is calibrated based on a linear model, where the functional dependence of capacitance on moisture content is determined. The calibrated system allows for both online moisture content sensing and moisture distribution profile imaging.
{"title":"Measuring moisture content in cookies using dielectric spectroscopy","authors":"X. B. Li, A. Zyuzin, Alexander V. Mamishev","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254892","url":null,"abstract":"Real-time non-invasive moisture content sensing techniques are needed for online moisture measurement and control in food products. In this investigation, a dielectric spectroscopy based system is used for moisture determination in cookie dough. Experiments were conducted with a concentric ring dielectric sensor in the frequency range from 10 Hz to 10 kHz. The system is calibrated based on a linear model, where the functional dependence of capacitance on moisture content is determined. The calibrated system allows for both online moisture content sensing and moisture distribution profile imaging.","PeriodicalId":306575,"journal":{"name":"2003 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122315725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-10-19DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254809
P. Irwin, Y. Cao, A. Bansal, L. Schadler
Interest has grown in recent years on the effects of nano-sized fillers on the thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties of polymeric systems. In particular, we are interested in studying the changes in mechanical and thermal properties of thermosetting polyimides as nano-sized fillers are added in increasing levels of concentration. The results are compared to micron-sized filled polyimides of similar compositions. We have observed dramatic increases in elongation to failure, scratch hardness and thermal conductivity while the tensile modulus does not change significantly. A change in stress state around nanoparticles during deformation is the possible reason for the observed improvement in tensile properties. Thermal conductivity of the filled polymer systems seemed to be most affected by the surface treatment of the nano-fillers. Improved interactions between the filler and the matrix is suggested as a possible explanation for these conductivity differences.
{"title":"Thermal and mechanical properties of polyimide nanocomposites","authors":"P. Irwin, Y. Cao, A. Bansal, L. Schadler","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.2003.1254809","url":null,"abstract":"Interest has grown in recent years on the effects of nano-sized fillers on the thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties of polymeric systems. In particular, we are interested in studying the changes in mechanical and thermal properties of thermosetting polyimides as nano-sized fillers are added in increasing levels of concentration. The results are compared to micron-sized filled polyimides of similar compositions. We have observed dramatic increases in elongation to failure, scratch hardness and thermal conductivity while the tensile modulus does not change significantly. A change in stress state around nanoparticles during deformation is the possible reason for the observed improvement in tensile properties. Thermal conductivity of the filled polymer systems seemed to be most affected by the surface treatment of the nano-fillers. Improved interactions between the filler and the matrix is suggested as a possible explanation for these conductivity differences.","PeriodicalId":306575,"journal":{"name":"2003 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126674015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：