Pub Date : 2018-02-24DOI: 10.19053/01228420.V15.N1.2018.7757
Alfonso Eugenio Capacho-Mogollón, Dixon Fabián Flórez-Delgado, Johan Fernando Hoyos-Patiño
This study was carried out at the Center of Research in Plant Health and Bioinsumes of the University of Pamplona (Norte de Santander), with the objective of evaluating the productivity and nutritional quality of four alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) varieties: Cuf 101, Moapa 69, SW-8210, and SW-8718. An experiment was carried out with four randomized treatments with three replicates, for a total of 12 experimental units of 9 m 2 each. The application of correctives and amendments was done one-week prior planting, based on soil analysis. At day 70 of the sowing, a pairing cut was made to homogenize each plot. Measurements of green biomass production and nutritional quality were determined at the floral bud stage, at 210 days after sowing. The ANOVA tests showed no significant differences among the alfalfa varieties for the environmental conditions of the municipality of Pamplona, which means that all varieties can be introduced in this agroecosystem.
{"title":"Biomass and nutritional quality of four varieties of alfalfa to be introduced in Pamplona, Colombia","authors":"Alfonso Eugenio Capacho-Mogollón, Dixon Fabián Flórez-Delgado, Johan Fernando Hoyos-Patiño","doi":"10.19053/01228420.V15.N1.2018.7757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19053/01228420.V15.N1.2018.7757","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out at the Center of Research in Plant Health and Bioinsumes of the University of Pamplona (Norte de Santander), with the objective of evaluating the productivity and nutritional quality of four alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) varieties: Cuf 101, Moapa 69, SW-8210, and SW-8718. An experiment was carried out with four randomized treatments with three replicates, for a total of 12 experimental units of 9 m 2 each. The application of correctives and amendments was done one-week prior planting, based on soil analysis. At day 70 of the sowing, a pairing cut was made to homogenize each plot. Measurements of green biomass production and nutritional quality were determined at the floral bud stage, at 210 days after sowing. The ANOVA tests showed no significant differences among the alfalfa varieties for the environmental conditions of the municipality of Pamplona, which means that all varieties can be introduced in this agroecosystem.","PeriodicalId":30687,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia y Agricultura","volume":"15 1","pages":"61-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42569517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-02-24DOI: 10.19053/01228420.V15.N1.2018.7754
O. Burbano-Figueroa, Karen Sofia Montes-Mercado, Iván Javier Pastrana-Vargas, Jorge Cadena-Torres
The purpose of this review was to provide a comprehensive description of the Upland cotton cultivars incorporated into the Colombian production systems. Genealogy and traits data of the Colombian cultivars is scattered across grey literature which reduces chances to discover, access and evaluate this information.Consequently, the objectives of this review were: i) to describe traits and genealogy of the Upland cotton cultivars developed by the breeding programs in Colombia, and ii) to describe the Upland cotton cultivars from other countries that have been introduced into the Colombian production system. This data repository is part of the efforts dedicated to consolidate data dispersed in public and private institutions with the purpose of metadata analysis. In the future, this document will provide guidance to procedures of breeding, introduccion of new varieties, and assessment of the development and introduction of new cultivars on closing yield gaps. Additionally, this review includes recommendations to develop new cultivars based on the current scenario of cotton producers.
{"title":"Introduction and development of Upland cotton cultivars in the Colombian production system: A review","authors":"O. Burbano-Figueroa, Karen Sofia Montes-Mercado, Iván Javier Pastrana-Vargas, Jorge Cadena-Torres","doi":"10.19053/01228420.V15.N1.2018.7754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19053/01228420.V15.N1.2018.7754","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this review was to provide a comprehensive description of the Upland cotton cultivars incorporated into the Colombian production systems. Genealogy and traits data of the Colombian cultivars is scattered across grey literature which reduces chances to discover, access and evaluate this information.Consequently, the objectives of this review were: i) to describe traits and genealogy of the Upland cotton cultivars developed by the breeding programs in Colombia, and ii) to describe the Upland cotton cultivars from other countries that have been introduced into the Colombian production system. This data repository is part of the efforts dedicated to consolidate data dispersed in public and private institutions with the purpose of metadata analysis. In the future, this document will provide guidance to procedures of breeding, introduccion of new varieties, and assessment of the development and introduction of new cultivars on closing yield gaps. Additionally, this review includes recommendations to develop new cultivars based on the current scenario of cotton producers.","PeriodicalId":30687,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia y Agricultura","volume":"15 1","pages":"29-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48453200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-02-24DOI: 10.19053/01228420.v15.n1.2018.7758
G. E. Estrada-Cely, Diego Felipe Pinto-Díaz
This research aimed at analyzing in detail the Colombian regulations concerning the use of horses as blood traction vehicles, and particularly, their development in the municipality of Florencia, Department of Caqueta. It is clear that a legal framework exist, however, its application is rare or sometimes null, thus perpetuating the impunity of animal abuse crimes, and the lack of effectiveness in terms of social and cultural transformation. The main difficulties found were the lack of both knowledge and effective management of the normative guidelines, and the scarce communication between the entities responsible for compliance, incurring in apparent malfeasance by omission and frank violation of the constitutional principle of administrative coordination.
{"title":"Study of the Colombian normative framework for horses as blood traction vehicles.","authors":"G. E. Estrada-Cely, Diego Felipe Pinto-Díaz","doi":"10.19053/01228420.v15.n1.2018.7758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19053/01228420.v15.n1.2018.7758","url":null,"abstract":"This research aimed at analyzing in detail the Colombian regulations concerning the use of horses as blood traction vehicles, and particularly, their development in the municipality of Florencia, Department of Caqueta. It is clear that a legal framework exist, however, its application is rare or sometimes null, thus perpetuating the impunity of animal abuse crimes, and the lack of effectiveness in terms of social and cultural transformation. The main difficulties found were the lack of both knowledge and effective management of the normative guidelines, and the scarce communication between the entities responsible for compliance, incurring in apparent malfeasance by omission and frank violation of the constitutional principle of administrative coordination.","PeriodicalId":30687,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia y Agricultura","volume":"15 1","pages":"69-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42540693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-02-24DOI: 10.19053/01228420.v15.n1.2018.7760
C. Rodríguez-Molano, Néstor Julián Pulido-Suárez
The low availability and quality of forages for bovines during critical periods (dry - rainy seasons) negatively impact the milk and meat production systems. This study aimed at evaluating the nutritional quality of nutritional blocks with different percentages of linden and corn inclusion. The plant material (leaves and stems) of corn and linden was collected with a vegetative period of 70 days since the emission. The material was dehydrated under greenhouse for five days, and subsequently the nutritional blocks of Sambucus peruviana and Zea mays were elaborated in two percentages of inclusion to determine their nutritive value (dry matter, crude fiber, ashes, and crude protein). All the variables were subjected to analysis of variance, Tukey test (5 %). Statistically significant differences were found (P <0.05) for the % of ash, fiber, and protein. Linden and corn, as multipurpose species, can be implemented under different landscape management tools and provide forage of a high quality.
{"title":"Determination of the nutritional value of blocks with different inclusion percentages of Sambucus peruviana and Zea mays","authors":"C. Rodríguez-Molano, Néstor Julián Pulido-Suárez","doi":"10.19053/01228420.v15.n1.2018.7760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19053/01228420.v15.n1.2018.7760","url":null,"abstract":"The low availability and quality of forages for bovines during critical periods (dry - rainy seasons) negatively impact the milk and meat production systems. This study aimed at evaluating the nutritional quality of nutritional blocks with different percentages of linden and corn inclusion. The plant material (leaves and stems) of corn and linden was collected with a vegetative period of 70 days since the emission. The material was dehydrated under greenhouse for five days, and subsequently the nutritional blocks of Sambucus peruviana and Zea mays were elaborated in two percentages of inclusion to determine their nutritive value (dry matter, crude fiber, ashes, and crude protein). All the variables were subjected to analysis of variance, Tukey test (5 %). Statistically significant differences were found (P <0.05) for the % of ash, fiber, and protein. Linden and corn, as multipurpose species, can be implemented under different landscape management tools and provide forage of a high quality.","PeriodicalId":30687,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia y Agricultura","volume":"15 1","pages":"93-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47924134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The peace agreements between the Colombian Revolutionary Armed Forces –FARC– and the National Government in Havana include a point of great relevance for the rural sector: the Comprehensive Rural Reform. This reform contemplates not only the productive aspect but also the concept of territory and all the actors involved in it; additionally, it seeks to improve the living conditions of the rural population through a structural transformation that respects the communities and their identities, and that provides opportunities to promote Rural Development.This article seeks to analyze the third aspect of point one of the agreement, the national plans for the integral rural reform, whose main objective is to overcome poverty and close the rural-city gap. In order to achieve this, first, the situations of rural poverty and rural-city gap in Colombia were described, and second, the proposals of the comprehensive rural reform to overcome poverty and reduce these gaps were revised, with the aim of understanding the context in which this reform is proposed to be implemented.
{"title":"Antecedentes, realidades y retos de los programas nacionales para la Reforma Rural Integral","authors":"Yady Nohelia Figueroa Torres, Sandra Milena Pérez Bello, Claudia Liliana Villamarín Monroy, Alfonso Rincón Pérez","doi":"10.19053/01228420.V15.N1.2018.7761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19053/01228420.V15.N1.2018.7761","url":null,"abstract":"The peace agreements between the Colombian Revolutionary Armed Forces –FARC– and the National Government in Havana include a point of great relevance for the rural sector: the Comprehensive Rural Reform. This reform contemplates not only the productive aspect but also the concept of territory and all the actors involved in it; additionally, it seeks to improve the living conditions of the rural population through a structural transformation that respects the communities and their identities, and that provides opportunities to promote Rural Development.This article seeks to analyze the third aspect of point one of the agreement, the national plans for the integral rural reform, whose main objective is to overcome poverty and close the rural-city gap. In order to achieve this, first, the situations of rural poverty and rural-city gap in Colombia were described, and second, the proposals of the comprehensive rural reform to overcome poverty and reduce these gaps were revised, with the aim of understanding the context in which this reform is proposed to be implemented.","PeriodicalId":30687,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia y Agricultura","volume":"15 1","pages":"101-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44468691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-02-05DOI: 10.19053/01228420.V15.N1.2018.7789
Luis Miguel Solano-Luna, Edisson Chavarro-Mesa, J. Ángel-Diaz
Real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was applied using SYBR Green for the specific detection of Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) in Colombian. Genomic RNA (gRNA) was amplified using primers designed from conserved sequences in the open reading frames (ORF’s) 1b and 2. We obtained a 186 bp product with neither dimers nor non-specificity. The analysis of the melting curve showed a peak between 81 ° C and 83 ° C, with a correlation coefficient of 0.998 and an efficiency of 99.1 %. The amplification of the 186 bp fragment resulted in the standard curve, which allowed the quantitative analysis of the samples with a detection range between 1x10 8 and 1x10 3 genomic RNA copies, with low variation coefficients. CTV accumulation was higher in foliar and fruit tissue than in the bark, and the differences observed among several citrus species susceptible to infection were minimal. The highest concentration of virus was found in the upper third of the analyzed plants, followed by the lower third and finally the middle third. The qRT-PCR is a specific and sensitive method, with a practical interest for the detection of viral diseases in citrus plants and other crops of commercial interest.
{"title":"Quantitative PCR for detection of Citrus tristeza virus in Colombia","authors":"Luis Miguel Solano-Luna, Edisson Chavarro-Mesa, J. Ángel-Diaz","doi":"10.19053/01228420.V15.N1.2018.7789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19053/01228420.V15.N1.2018.7789","url":null,"abstract":"Real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was applied using SYBR Green for the specific detection of Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) in Colombian. Genomic RNA (gRNA) was amplified using primers designed from conserved sequences in the open reading frames (ORF’s) 1b and 2. We obtained a 186 bp product with neither dimers nor non-specificity. The analysis of the melting curve showed a peak between 81 ° C and 83 ° C, with a correlation coefficient of 0.998 and an efficiency of 99.1 %. The amplification of the 186 bp fragment resulted in the standard curve, which allowed the quantitative analysis of the samples with a detection range between 1x10 8 and 1x10 3 genomic RNA copies, with low variation coefficients. CTV accumulation was higher in foliar and fruit tissue than in the bark, and the differences observed among several citrus species susceptible to infection were minimal. The highest concentration of virus was found in the upper third of the analyzed plants, followed by the lower third and finally the middle third. The qRT-PCR is a specific and sensitive method, with a practical interest for the detection of viral diseases in citrus plants and other crops of commercial interest.","PeriodicalId":30687,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia y Agricultura","volume":"15 1","pages":"7-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41534090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.19053/01228420.V15.N1.2018.7753
Jennifer Gaviria Giraldo, Glória Franco, Narmer Fernando Galeano Vanegas, A. Rodríguez
espanolEste trabajo se propuso aislar bacterias diazotroficas con actividad promotora del crecimiento vegetal, asociadas al cultivo de zanahoria. Se realizaron 3 muestreos, a los 30, 60 y 115 dias, en una granja ubicada en una zona rural del municipio de Manizales (Caldas). El aislamiento de las bacterias diazotroficas se efectuo en medios de cultivo semisolidos libres de nitrogeno. A los aislamientos obtenidos se les realizo descripcion macro y microscopica, identificacion bioquimica y molecular. Se evaluaron caracteristicas como determinacion de compuestos indolicos, actividad nitrogenasa y solubilizacion de fosfatos. Como cepa patron se empleo Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus ATCC 49037. Se recuperaron 20 aislamientos asociados a la rizosfera y 12 al rizoplano. La identificacion molecular mostro cinco generos presentes: Rhizobium, Achromobacter, Bacillus, Enterobacter y Stenotrophomonas. La produccion de compuestos indolicos presento concentraciones entre 9,73 y 112,8 µg/mL. La cepa patron presento una actividad mayor, con una produccion de compuestos indolicos de 172,5 µg/mL. En la actividad nitrogenasa los aislamientos GIBI411, 394 y 399 tuvieron una actividad mayor o similar a la cepa patron. Los aislamientos mas eficientes en la solubilizacion de fosfato tricalcico fueron GIBI378 y 385. La solubilizacion de fosfato de aluminio se valoro por el indice de produccion de acido, siendo los aislamientos GIBI378, 391, 387 y 388 los de mejor comportamiento en esta variable. Los aislamientos encontrados son candidatos potenciales para desarrollar nuevos procesos biotecnologicos para la produccion de nuevos biofertilizantes alternativos, considerando las importantes propiedades de promocion del crecimiento vegetal determinadas en este trabajo. EnglishThis study aimed at isolating diazotrophic bacteria with promoting activity of vegetal growth, associated to carrot culture. Samples were taken at 30, 60 and 115 days in a farm located in a rural area of the municipality of Manizales (Caldas). The diazotrophic bacteria were isolated in semi-solid culture media free of nitrogen. We described the macro and microscopic features of the obtained isolations, and identified them biochemically and molecularly. In addition, we evaluated indole compounds, nitrogenase activity and solubilization of phosphates. Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus ATCC 49037 was used as a standard strain. We recovered 20 isolates associated to rhizosphere and 12 to rhizoplane. The molecular identification showed the presence of five genera: Rhizobium, Achromobacter, Bacillus, Enterobacter, and Stenotrophomonas. The production of indole compounds presented concentrations between 9.73 and 112.8 μg/mL. The standard strain showed a higher activity, with an indolic compound production of 172.5 μg/mL. Regarding nitrogenase activity, the isolates GIBI411, 394 and 399 had an activity greater or similar to the standard strain. The most efficient isolates in the solubilization of tricalcium phos
本研究旨在分离与胡萝卜栽培相关的具有促进植物生长活性的重氮营养细菌。本研究的目的是评估在巴西东北部的Manizales (Caldas)农村地区的一个农场，在30、60和115天进行3个样本。重氮营养细菌的分离是在无氮半分离培养基中进行的。对分离株进行了宏观和微观描述、生化和分子鉴定。对吲哚化合物、固氮酶活性和磷酸盐溶解等特性进行了评价。patron菌株采用重氮营养葡萄糖醋酸杆菌ATCC 49037。在本研究中，我们分析了与根际和根平面相关的分离株。分子鉴定显示存在5个属:根瘤菌、无色杆菌、芽孢杆菌、肠杆菌和窄养单胞菌。吲哚化合物的生产浓度在9.73 ~ 112.8µg/mL之间。patron菌株具有较高的活性，吲哚化合物产量为172.5µg/mL。在本研究中，我们分析了两种不同菌株的固氮酶活性，分别是GIBI411、394和399。对磷酸钙溶解效果最好的分离物为GIBI378和385。用产酸指数来评价磷酸铝的增溶，GIBI378、391、387和388在这个变量中表现最好。在本研究中，我们分析了两种不同类型的分离株，一种是用于生产生物肥料的生物技术工艺，另一种是用于生产生物肥料的生物技术工艺。本研究旨在分离与胡萝卜培养相关的促进植物生长活性的重氮营养细菌。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，这个县的总面积为，其中土地和(3.064平方公里)水。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，这个县的面积为。我们描述了获得的分离物的宏观和微观特征，并对它们进行了生物化学和分子鉴定。此外，我们还评价了吲哚化合物、固氮酶活性和磷酸盐的增溶性。Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus ATCC 49037使用as a standard strain。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，该地区的总面积为，其中土地和(2.641平方公里)水。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，这个县的面积为，其中土地面积为。吲哚化合物的生产浓度在9.73 ~ 112.8 μg/mL之间。The standard strain显示a higher activity, with an复合indolic production of 172.5μg / mL。在固氮酶活性方面，分离物GIBI411、394和399的活性大于或与标准菌株相似。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，这个县的总面积是，其中土地和(3.064平方公里)水。根据酸的产生指数评价磷酸铝的增溶性，分离物GIBI378、391、387和388表现最佳。考虑到本工作确定的促进植物生长的重要特性，所发现的分离物是开发新的生物技术工艺以生产新的替代生物肥料的潜在候选者。
{"title":"Bacterias diazotróficas con actividad promotora del crecimiento vegetal en Daucus carota L.","authors":"Jennifer Gaviria Giraldo, Glória Franco, Narmer Fernando Galeano Vanegas, A. Rodríguez","doi":"10.19053/01228420.V15.N1.2018.7753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19053/01228420.V15.N1.2018.7753","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEste trabajo se propuso aislar bacterias diazotroficas con actividad promotora del crecimiento vegetal, asociadas al cultivo de zanahoria. Se realizaron 3 muestreos, a los 30, 60 y 115 dias, en una granja ubicada en una zona rural del municipio de Manizales (Caldas). El aislamiento de las bacterias diazotroficas se efectuo en medios de cultivo semisolidos libres de nitrogeno. A los aislamientos obtenidos se les realizo descripcion macro y microscopica, identificacion bioquimica y molecular. Se evaluaron caracteristicas como determinacion de compuestos indolicos, actividad nitrogenasa y solubilizacion de fosfatos. Como cepa patron se empleo Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus ATCC 49037. Se recuperaron 20 aislamientos asociados a la rizosfera y 12 al rizoplano. La identificacion molecular mostro cinco generos presentes: Rhizobium, Achromobacter, Bacillus, Enterobacter y Stenotrophomonas. La produccion de compuestos indolicos presento concentraciones entre 9,73 y 112,8 µg/mL. La cepa patron presento una actividad mayor, con una produccion de compuestos indolicos de 172,5 µg/mL. En la actividad nitrogenasa los aislamientos GIBI411, 394 y 399 tuvieron una actividad mayor o similar a la cepa patron. Los aislamientos mas eficientes en la solubilizacion de fosfato tricalcico fueron GIBI378 y 385. La solubilizacion de fosfato de aluminio se valoro por el indice de produccion de acido, siendo los aislamientos GIBI378, 391, 387 y 388 los de mejor comportamiento en esta variable. Los aislamientos encontrados son candidatos potenciales para desarrollar nuevos procesos biotecnologicos para la produccion de nuevos biofertilizantes alternativos, considerando las importantes propiedades de promocion del crecimiento vegetal determinadas en este trabajo. EnglishThis study aimed at isolating diazotrophic bacteria with promoting activity of vegetal growth, associated to carrot culture. Samples were taken at 30, 60 and 115 days in a farm located in a rural area of the municipality of Manizales (Caldas). The diazotrophic bacteria were isolated in semi-solid culture media free of nitrogen. We described the macro and microscopic features of the obtained isolations, and identified them biochemically and molecularly. In addition, we evaluated indole compounds, nitrogenase activity and solubilization of phosphates. Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus ATCC 49037 was used as a standard strain. We recovered 20 isolates associated to rhizosphere and 12 to rhizoplane. The molecular identification showed the presence of five genera: Rhizobium, Achromobacter, Bacillus, Enterobacter, and Stenotrophomonas. The production of indole compounds presented concentrations between 9.73 and 112.8 μg/mL. The standard strain showed a higher activity, with an indolic compound production of 172.5 μg/mL. Regarding nitrogenase activity, the isolates GIBI411, 394 and 399 had an activity greater or similar to the standard strain. The most efficient isolates in the solubilization of tricalcium phos","PeriodicalId":30687,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia y Agricultura","volume":"15 1","pages":"19-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68302857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.19053/01228420.v15.n1.2018.7756
María de la Esperanza Marroquín Tun, Rosa Isabel Higuera Piedrahita, M. E. Arellano, R. Arellano, Héctor Alejandro de la Cruz Cruz, Rocío Silva Mendoza, Jorge Alfredo Cuéllar Ordaz
espanolEntre los principales problemas sanitarios para la produccion ovina estan los parasitos gastroentericos; de ellos, el mas importante es Haemonchus contortus. Las estrategias actuales de control enfocan la eficacia, junto con el bajo o nulo impacto al ecosistema; el estudio del control integral de parasitos permite la investigacion de alternativas con probable efecto antihelmintico, entre ellas el uso de semilla de papaya (Carica papaya). El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto in vitro de los extractos hidroalcoholico y etanolico de la semilla de papaya (C. papaya) sobre huevos y larvas de H. contortus. El trabajo se llevo a cabo con el equipo e instalaciones del Laboratorio 3 de la Unidad de Investigacion Multidisciplinaria en la Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlan, UNAM. Se elaboraron los extractos por medio de maceracion en solvente. Se inoculo un ovino con 5000 larvas de tercer estadio (L3) de H. contortus, cepa aislada y mantenida en dichas instalaciones. Se tomaron muestras de materia fecal y se recuperaron huevos para el ensayo de inhibicion de la eclosion. Los huevos y las L3 fueron pretratados con extracto hidroalcoholico y etanolico de semilla de papaya (2.5 mg/ml), agua destilada, etanol 90 % y levamisol (7.5 mg/ml). Se efectuo la tecnica de explantes abomasales, evaluando el efecto de los extractos sobre las L3 y su asociacion a la mucosa abomasal. Se realizo un ANOVA para muestras repetidas por medio del programa Statgraphics. El extracto etanolico de semilla de papaya mostro el 92 % de inhibicion de la eclosion; el extracto hidroalcoholico mostro 50 % (p EnglishAmong the main health problems for sheep production are gastrointestinal parasites, of which the most important nematode is Haemonchus contortus. Current control strategies focus on the effectiveness, along with the low impact on the ecosystem. The study of the integral control of parasites allows the investigation of alternatives with probable anthelmintic effect, such as the use of papaya (Carica papaya) seeds. This study aimed at evaluating the in vitro effect of hydroalcoholic and ethanolic extracts of papaya seeds on eggs and larvae of H. contortus. The study was carried out with the equipment and facilities of Laboratory 3 of the Multidisciplinary Research Unit at the Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlan, UNAM. The extracts were prepared through maceration in solvent. A sheep was inoculated with 5000 L3 of H. contortus, a strain isolated and maintained in the facilities. Fecal samples were collected, and eggs were recovered for the hatch inhibition assay. The eggs and L3 were pretreated with hydroalcoholic and ethanolic extract of papaya seed (2.5 mg/ml), distilled water, ethanol 90 %, and levamisole (7.5 mg/ml). The abomasal explants technique was used to evaluate the effect of the extracts on L3 and its association to the abomasal mucosa. An ANOVA was performed for repeated samples using the Statgraphics program. The ethanolic extract of
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Pub Date : 2017-08-10DOI: 10.19053/01228420.V14.N2.2017.7145
Roisbel Aroche-Ginarte, Yordan Martínez-Aguilar, Lazara Ayala-González, Román Rodríguez-Bertot, Yuri Rodríguez-Fraga
Para evaluar el efecto de la suplementacion dietetica con polvo mixto de hojas de plantas con propiedades nutraceuticas (40 % A. occidentale, 20 % M. oleifera, 20 % M. citrifolia y 20 % P. guajava) en el comportamiento productivo y en la incidencia de diarrea en cerdos posdestete, se utilizaron 150 cerdos (Yorkland x Yorkshire) de 33 dias de edad, con peso vivo promedio de 7.74 kg±0.71. Se aplico un diseno completamente aleatorizado con seis repeticiones por tratamiento y cinco cerdos por repeticion, durante 42 dias. Los tratamientos fueron, T0: Dieta Basal (DB) sin Antibiotico Promotor de Crecimiento (APC); T1: DB+APC (Labionor 5 mL/kg de pienso); T2: DB+0.5 % de polvo mixto; T3: DB+1.0 % polvo mixto, y T4: DB+1.5 % de polvo mixto. La viabilidad mejoro (P<0.05) con la suplementacion dietetica del polvo mixto y el APC, comparada con el T0; los T3 y T4 incrementaron (P<0.05) el peso vivo final con relacion al T0 y al T1, y el T4 mostro (P<0.05) la mejor ganancia media diaria y conversion alimenticia, con diferencias significativas (P<0.05) con el T0 y el T1. Las suplementaciones del polvo mixto y del APC disminuyeron (P<0.05) la incidencia de la diarrea en los cerdos posdestete. Se recomienda la suplementacion dietetica de 1.0 % del polvo mixto de hojas de plantas con propiedades nutraceuticas como alternativa a los APC, para incrementar los indicadores productivos y disminuir la incidencia de diarrea en los cerdos posdestete.
评估影响suplementacion dietetica植物叶子混合粉nutraceuticas属性(40% a银行,20 m . oleifera 20 % m . citrifolia 20 % p . guajava)生产行为,腹泻发病率posdestete猪采用了150猪(Yorkland x约克郡)33天的年龄,我住平均重量为7.74公斤±0.71。采用完全随机设计，每个处理6个重复，每个重复5头猪，共42 d。处理为T0:不含生长促进剂抗生素(APC)的基础饲粮(DB);T1: DB+APC (Labionor 5ml /kg饲料);T2: DB+ 0.5%混合粉尘;T3: DB+ 1.0%混合粉尘，T4: DB+ 1.5%混合粉尘。与T0相比，饲粮中添加混合粉和APC可提高生存能力(P<0.05);与T0和T1相比，T3和T4的最终活重增加(P<0.05)， T4显示(P<0.05)的平均日增重和饲料系数最好，与T0和T1有显著差异(P<0.05)。添加混合粉和APC可降低断奶后猪腹泻发生率(P<0.05)。建议在饲粮中添加1.0%的具有营养特性的混合植物叶粉作为APC的替代品，以提高生产指标，降低断奶后猪腹泻的发生率。
{"title":"Comportamiento productivo e incidencia de diarrea en cerdos posdestete suplementados con polvo mixto de hojas de plantas con propiedades nutracéuticas","authors":"Roisbel Aroche-Ginarte, Yordan Martínez-Aguilar, Lazara Ayala-González, Román Rodríguez-Bertot, Yuri Rodríguez-Fraga","doi":"10.19053/01228420.V14.N2.2017.7145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19053/01228420.V14.N2.2017.7145","url":null,"abstract":"Para evaluar el efecto de la suplementacion dietetica con polvo mixto de hojas de plantas con propiedades nutraceuticas (40 % A. occidentale, 20 % M. oleifera, 20 % M. citrifolia y 20 % P. guajava) en el comportamiento productivo y en la incidencia de diarrea en cerdos posdestete, se utilizaron 150 cerdos (Yorkland x Yorkshire) de 33 dias de edad, con peso vivo promedio de 7.74 kg±0.71. Se aplico un diseno completamente aleatorizado con seis repeticiones por tratamiento y cinco cerdos por repeticion, durante 42 dias. Los tratamientos fueron, T0: Dieta Basal (DB) sin Antibiotico Promotor de Crecimiento (APC); T1: DB+APC (Labionor 5 mL/kg de pienso); T2: DB+0.5 % de polvo mixto; T3: DB+1.0 % polvo mixto, y T4: DB+1.5 % de polvo mixto. La viabilidad mejoro (P<0.05) con la suplementacion dietetica del polvo mixto y el APC, comparada con el T0; los T3 y T4 incrementaron (P<0.05) el peso vivo final con relacion al T0 y al T1, y el T4 mostro (P<0.05) la mejor ganancia media diaria y conversion alimenticia, con diferencias significativas (P<0.05) con el T0 y el T1. Las suplementaciones del polvo mixto y del APC disminuyeron (P<0.05) la incidencia de la diarrea en los cerdos posdestete. Se recomienda la suplementacion dietetica de 1.0 % del polvo mixto de hojas de plantas con propiedades nutraceuticas como alternativa a los APC, para incrementar los indicadores productivos y disminuir la incidencia de diarrea en los cerdos posdestete.","PeriodicalId":30687,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia y Agricultura","volume":"14 1","pages":"19-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47500059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-10DOI: 10.19053/01228420.v14.n2.2017.7150
M. A. Sánchez
En este trabajo se determino la variabilidad genetica de 30 accesiones de papa nativas (Solanum tuberosum L.) del banco de germoplasma que administra la Corporacion Colombiana de Investigacion Agropecuaria (Corpoica), mediante cinco marcadores moleculares de tipo microsatelites (SSRs). En total, se identificaron 33 alelos con un rango entre 2 (STMS1049) hasta 10 (STMS1106), donde el contenido de informacion polimorfica (PIC) vario entre 0,368 (STM1049) hasta 0,574 (STM2022). El analisis de agrupamiento distribuyo las 30 accesiones de papas en siete grupos geneticos, con indices de similitud que oscilaron entre 0,452 (1231) hasta 0,841 (1439). A partir de los resultados obtenidos se puede concluir que con el uso de los marcadores moleculares empleados el material presento variabilidad, poniendo en manifiesto el gran valor que tiene esta coleccion para los programas de mejoramiento genetico de la especie.
{"title":"Estudio de la variabilidad genética en accesiones de papa (Solanum tuberosum L.) mediante marcadores SSRs","authors":"M. A. Sánchez","doi":"10.19053/01228420.v14.n2.2017.7150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19053/01228420.v14.n2.2017.7150","url":null,"abstract":"En este trabajo se determino la variabilidad genetica de 30 accesiones de papa nativas (Solanum tuberosum L.) del banco de germoplasma que administra la Corporacion Colombiana de Investigacion Agropecuaria (Corpoica), mediante cinco marcadores moleculares de tipo microsatelites (SSRs). En total, se identificaron 33 alelos con un rango entre 2 (STMS1049) hasta 10 (STMS1106), donde el contenido de informacion polimorfica (PIC) vario entre 0,368 (STM1049) hasta 0,574 (STM2022). El analisis de agrupamiento distribuyo las 30 accesiones de papas en siete grupos geneticos, con indices de similitud que oscilaron entre 0,452 (1231) hasta 0,841 (1439). A partir de los resultados obtenidos se puede concluir que con el uso de los marcadores moleculares empleados el material presento variabilidad, poniendo en manifiesto el gran valor que tiene esta coleccion para los programas de mejoramiento genetico de la especie.","PeriodicalId":30687,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia y Agricultura","volume":"14 1","pages":"67-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44892158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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