Pub Date : 2021-11-08DOI: 10.36997/ijuev2021.65.3.330
Kehinde Olaiya, K. Arikewuyo, Ashim Shogunro, L. Yunusa
Risk management plays a critical part in every organization‘s profit maximization through risk cost minimization for wise protection, which cannot be overstated. Risk mitigation (rmt), risk monitoring (rmn), risk management environment, procedure, and policies (epp), and risk measurement (rme) in relation to the profitability of the insurance industry in Nigeria were randomly selected from a wellstructured 5-point Likert scale questionnaire ranging rom ‘5 strongly agree‘ to ‘4 agree‘, ‘3 undecided‘ to ‘1 strongly disagree‘. Using the StataSE 14 statistical software, one hundred and twenty (120) questionnaires were recovered from respondents, accounting for 83 percent of the total questionnaires sent using the multiple regression statistical methodology. Risk reduction and risk monitoring have a considerable impact on the profitability of insurance companies in Nigeria, according to the findings. As a result, it concluded that risk mitigation and monitoring are important factors in determining industry profitability, and those insurance regulators should work to ensure that risk identification, assessment, measurement, and control mechanisms are implemented in accordance with best global practices in order to avoid financial crises and improve insurance performance.
{"title":"Effect of Risk Mitigation on Profitability of Insurance Industries in Nigeria","authors":"Kehinde Olaiya, K. Arikewuyo, Ashim Shogunro, L. Yunusa","doi":"10.36997/ijuev2021.65.3.330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36997/ijuev2021.65.3.330","url":null,"abstract":"Risk management plays a critical part in every organization‘s profit maximization through risk cost minimization for wise protection, which cannot be overstated. Risk mitigation (rmt), risk monitoring (rmn), risk management environment, procedure, and policies (epp), and risk measurement (rme) in relation to the profitability of the insurance industry in Nigeria were randomly selected from a wellstructured 5-point Likert scale questionnaire ranging rom ‘5 strongly agree‘ to ‘4 agree‘, ‘3 undecided‘ to ‘1 strongly disagree‘. Using the StataSE 14 statistical software, one hundred and twenty (120) questionnaires were recovered from respondents, accounting for 83 percent of the total questionnaires sent using the multiple regression statistical methodology. Risk reduction and risk monitoring have a considerable impact on the profitability of insurance companies in Nigeria, according to the findings. As a result, it concluded that risk mitigation and monitoring are important factors in determining industry profitability, and those insurance regulators should work to ensure that risk identification, assessment, measurement, and control mechanisms are implemented in accordance with best global practices in order to avoid financial crises and improve insurance performance.","PeriodicalId":30732,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiia Ikonomicheski universitet Varna","volume":"193 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74199283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-08DOI: 10.36997/ijuev2021.65.3.344
J. Fejoh, M. Boyede, Abiola Sanusi
There has always been serious concern about how industrial actors in public universities in Nigeria perceive industrial disputes as a means of enforcing collective agreements jointly reached and signed. A group may likely see industrial disputes as unnecessary and destructive while others may see it as a veritable tool for enforcing their labour rights. This study therefore examined the industrial actors’ (university management, academic staff and non-teaching staff) perception of industrial disputes in public universities in Southwest, Nigeria. Descriptive research survey design was adopted for the study. The population consisted of the management staff and all the staff of public universities in Southwest, Nigeria. The sample size of the study was 280 respondents (80 management staff, 100 academic staff and 100 non-teaching staff) randomly selected from four public universities across Southwest geo-political zone. Data was collected through a selfdesigned questionnaire. T-test analysis was used to analyze the three hypotheses raised at 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that there was significant difference in the way university management, academic and non-teaching staff perceive industrial dispute while there is no significant difference in the way academic and non-teaching staff perceive industrial disputes. It is therefore recommended that all the industrial actors in public universities in Southwest, Nigeria should not see industrial disputes as destructive engagement since disputes are naturally part of organizational existence. Effective management of industrial disputes through sincerity of purpose should be adopted by the industrial actors.
{"title":"Industrial Actors` Perceptions of Industrial Disputes in Public Universities","authors":"J. Fejoh, M. Boyede, Abiola Sanusi","doi":"10.36997/ijuev2021.65.3.344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36997/ijuev2021.65.3.344","url":null,"abstract":"There has always been serious concern about how industrial actors in public universities in Nigeria perceive industrial disputes as a means of enforcing collective agreements jointly reached and signed. A group may likely see industrial disputes as unnecessary and destructive while others may see it as a veritable tool for enforcing their labour rights. This study therefore examined the industrial actors’ (university management, academic staff and non-teaching staff) perception of industrial disputes in public universities in Southwest, Nigeria. Descriptive research survey design was adopted for the study. The population consisted of the management staff and all the staff of public universities in Southwest, Nigeria. The sample size of the study was 280 respondents (80 management staff, 100 academic staff and 100 non-teaching staff) randomly selected from four public universities across Southwest geo-political zone. Data was collected through a selfdesigned questionnaire. T-test analysis was used to analyze the three hypotheses raised at 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that there was significant difference in the way university management, academic and non-teaching staff perceive industrial dispute while there is no significant difference in the way academic and non-teaching staff perceive industrial disputes. It is therefore recommended that all the industrial actors in public universities in Southwest, Nigeria should not see industrial disputes as destructive engagement since disputes are naturally part of organizational existence. Effective management of industrial disputes through sincerity of purpose should be adopted by the industrial actors.","PeriodicalId":30732,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiia Ikonomicheski universitet Varna","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77243046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-08DOI: 10.36997/ijuev2021.65.3.309
Oghenenyerhovwo Inoni
Service quality is a major determinant of customer satisfaction and consequently a repurchase decision in the fast food restaurants’ (FFRs) industry. Nevertheless, prompt and efficient services alone may not guarantee a restaurant a place in today’s hyper- competitive marketplace. Therefore, this study was conceived to examine the impact of food quality (FQ), service quality (SQ), perceived value (PV) and restaurant environment (RE) on customer re-purchase decision, mediated by customer satisfaction (CS). Data for the study were obtained from a sample of 320 consumers drawn from 12 FFRs in three major towns in Delta State, Nigeria. Multiple and hierarchical regressions were used to analyse the data generated. The findings indicated that FQ, SQ, PV and RE exerted positive and significant effects on CS and re-purchase decision. The results also showed that CS fully mediated the relationship between SQ and repurchase decision, but the meditational influence was only partially for FQ, PV and RE; implying that FQ, PV and RE have their own direct influence on RPD besides through SQ. Given the impact of FQ, SQ, PV and RE on CS and repurchase decision, restaurants’ managers need to continually improve on the quality of their services, environment and offerings to sustain the patronage of their clients in order to survive in today’s hyper-competitive marketplace.
{"title":"Customer Satisfaction and Repurchase Decision: Evidence from Fast Food Restaurants","authors":"Oghenenyerhovwo Inoni","doi":"10.36997/ijuev2021.65.3.309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36997/ijuev2021.65.3.309","url":null,"abstract":"Service quality is a major determinant of customer satisfaction and consequently a repurchase decision in the fast food restaurants’ (FFRs) industry. Nevertheless, prompt and efficient services alone may not guarantee a restaurant a place in today’s hyper- competitive marketplace. Therefore, this study was conceived to examine the impact of food quality (FQ), service quality (SQ), perceived value (PV) and restaurant environment (RE) on customer re-purchase decision, mediated by customer satisfaction (CS). Data for the study were obtained from a sample of 320 consumers drawn from 12 FFRs in three major towns in Delta State, Nigeria. Multiple and hierarchical regressions were used to analyse the data generated. The findings indicated that FQ, SQ, PV and RE exerted positive and significant effects on CS and re-purchase decision. The results also showed that CS fully mediated the relationship between SQ and repurchase decision, but the meditational influence was only partially for FQ, PV and RE; implying that FQ, PV and RE have their own direct influence on RPD besides through SQ. Given the impact of FQ, SQ, PV and RE on CS and repurchase decision, restaurants’ managers need to continually improve on the quality of their services, environment and offerings to sustain the patronage of their clients in order to survive in today’s hyper-competitive marketplace.","PeriodicalId":30732,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiia Ikonomicheski universitet Varna","volume":"1997 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78108058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.36997/IJUEV2021.65.2.145
Tatyana Kicheva
In a dynamic crisis situation such as the current one, the forecasts for the impact of COVID-19 on the world economy and the development of individual countries and cities are constantly changing. The impact of COVID-19 has turned many industries upside down in unexpected ways. More organizations switch to remote working environments for their employees due to the current world health crisis. The purpose of this article is to outline the opportunities and challenges facing Bulgarian employees working from home during the MarchApril 2020 state of mergency and beyond. We discuss the many advantages and disadvantages of remote work from an individual point of view.
{"title":"Opportunities and Challenges of Remote Work","authors":"Tatyana Kicheva","doi":"10.36997/IJUEV2021.65.2.145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36997/IJUEV2021.65.2.145","url":null,"abstract":"In a dynamic crisis situation such as the current one, the forecasts for the impact of COVID-19 on the world economy and the development of individual countries and cities are constantly changing. The impact of COVID-19 has turned many industries upside down in unexpected ways. More organizations switch to remote working environments for their employees due to the current world health crisis. The purpose of this article is to outline the opportunities and challenges facing Bulgarian employees working from home during the MarchApril 2020 state of mergency and beyond. We discuss the many advantages and disadvantages of remote work from an individual point of view.","PeriodicalId":30732,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiia Ikonomicheski universitet Varna","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75727551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.36997/IJUEV2021.65.2.176
P. Pavlov
Innovations in the modern world are of great importance for everyone. They are the basis for high competitiveness of companies, economic growth of economies and prosperity of societies. The scientific objective of the article is to identify the various levers, models and specific incentives for innovation and research and development (R&D) in the five leading African countries in this area, according to the Global Innovation Index 2020. On this basis, conclusions and guidelines have been worked out, that are useful both from a scientific point of view and for improving the renewed innovation policy of Bulgaria. The article uses various research methods and approaches, including methods of analysis and synthesis, comparison and causation, as well as systematic and complex approaches.
{"title":"Innovation Policies and Mechanisms Used for Stimulating the Innovations in the Five Leading African Countries","authors":"P. Pavlov","doi":"10.36997/IJUEV2021.65.2.176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36997/IJUEV2021.65.2.176","url":null,"abstract":"Innovations in the modern world are of great importance for everyone. They are the basis for high competitiveness of companies, economic growth of economies and prosperity of societies. The scientific objective of the article is to identify the various levers, models and specific incentives for innovation and research and development (R&D) in the five leading African countries in this area, according to the Global Innovation Index 2020. On this basis, conclusions and guidelines have been worked out, that are useful both from a scientific point of view and for improving the renewed innovation policy of Bulgaria. The article uses various research methods and approaches, including methods of analysis and synthesis, comparison and causation, as well as systematic and complex approaches.","PeriodicalId":30732,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiia Ikonomicheski universitet Varna","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75532585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.36997/IJUEV2021.65.2.161
M. Stoyanov
IThe tendency of business entities to cope with the challenges of the environment in which they operate is determined by the state and development of a complex system of evaluation indicators describing the condition and performance of the company and their time dynamics. They serve to objectively measure the extent to which the individual economic operator meets the conditions by which to be assigned to the group of successful business agents. In traditional retail trade, the most significant indicators for business evaluation are: gross (profit) margin, operating margin, turnover of inventories, gross return on investment in inventories, gross profit per employee, etc. The paper examines the key economic performance indicators of the three leading retail chains in the retail sales of fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) in Bulgaria.
{"title":"Measuring Key Performance Indicators in Retail Trade","authors":"M. Stoyanov","doi":"10.36997/IJUEV2021.65.2.161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36997/IJUEV2021.65.2.161","url":null,"abstract":"IThe tendency of business entities to cope with the challenges of the environment in which they operate is determined by the state and development of a complex system of evaluation indicators describing the condition and performance of the company and their time dynamics. They serve to objectively measure the extent to which the individual economic operator meets the conditions by which to be assigned to the group of successful business agents. In traditional retail trade, the most significant indicators for business evaluation are: gross (profit) margin, operating margin, turnover of inventories, gross return on investment in inventories, gross profit per employee, etc. The paper examines the key economic performance indicators of the three leading retail chains in the retail sales of fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) in Bulgaria.","PeriodicalId":30732,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiia Ikonomicheski universitet Varna","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82923358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.36997/ijuev2021.65.4.380
E. Ogbeide-Osaretin, V. Ishiwu
This research investigates the outcome of various macroeconomic shocks on the welfare of Sub-Saharan African countries. Data on real private per capita consumption expenditure as a measure of welfare, terms of trade, RGDP per capita, unemployment rate, inflation, government expenditure, and official development assistance were used for the time 1980 to 2019 on ten less-developed countries in SubSaharan Africa. The PVAR estimation method was used as there was no presence of long-run association established amidst the variables confirmed by Pedroni’s panel cointegration tests. The result indicated that a surge in both internal fiscal shocks and external shocks (terms of trade) boosts welfare, while official development assistance does not improve welfare in these countries. We, therefore, advocate the intensification of pro-poor government expenditure and official development assistance. Diversification into non-primary exports is also imperative.
{"title":"Macroeconomic Shocks and Aggregate Welfare in Sub-Saharan African Countries","authors":"E. Ogbeide-Osaretin, V. Ishiwu","doi":"10.36997/ijuev2021.65.4.380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36997/ijuev2021.65.4.380","url":null,"abstract":"This research investigates the outcome of various macroeconomic shocks on the welfare of Sub-Saharan African countries. Data on real private per capita consumption expenditure as a measure of welfare, terms of trade, RGDP per capita, unemployment rate, inflation, government expenditure, and official development assistance were used for the time 1980 to 2019 on ten less-developed countries in SubSaharan Africa. The PVAR estimation method was used as there was no presence of long-run association established amidst the variables confirmed by Pedroni’s panel cointegration tests. The result indicated that a surge in both internal fiscal shocks and external shocks (terms of trade) boosts welfare, while official development assistance does not improve welfare in these countries. We, therefore, advocate the intensification of pro-poor government expenditure and official development assistance. Diversification into non-primary exports is also imperative.","PeriodicalId":30732,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiia Ikonomicheski universitet Varna","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89437843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.36997/ijuev2021.65.4.397
A. Olagunju, A. Adebayo, J. Ibrahim
This study assessed how liquidity influenced the market value of 12 listed Nigerian Banks within the range of 2011 and 2019 with 108 observations. Data was generated from certified annual reports of selected banks. The study employed descriptive and multiple regressions techniques to analyse data while relevant diagnostic tests were conducted to validate data. The result indicated that liquidity had a negative significant influence on earnings per share (EPS) and divided yield (D/y) respectively. Bank size had a positive significant influence on the (EPS). On the other hand, bank size had a negative significant influence on the (D/y). Leverage gave us the positive insignificant influence on the (EPS) but it had a positive significant association with (D/y) respectively. The study concluded that negative effect of liquidity can lead to a decline in the earnings and reduce the growth of investment thereby has adverse effects on dividend yield to shareholders.
{"title":"Influence of Liquidity on Market Value of Deposit Money Banks","authors":"A. Olagunju, A. Adebayo, J. Ibrahim","doi":"10.36997/ijuev2021.65.4.397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36997/ijuev2021.65.4.397","url":null,"abstract":"This study assessed how liquidity influenced the market value of 12 listed Nigerian Banks within the range of 2011 and 2019 with 108 observations. Data was generated from certified annual reports of selected banks. The study employed descriptive and multiple regressions techniques to analyse data while relevant diagnostic tests were conducted to validate data. The result indicated that liquidity had a negative significant influence on earnings per share (EPS) and divided yield (D/y) respectively. Bank size had a positive significant influence on the (EPS). On the other hand, bank size had a negative significant influence on the (D/y). Leverage gave us the positive insignificant influence on the (EPS) but it had a positive significant association with (D/y) respectively. The study concluded that negative effect of liquidity can lead to a decline in the earnings and reduce the growth of investment thereby has adverse effects on dividend yield to shareholders.","PeriodicalId":30732,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiia Ikonomicheski universitet Varna","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78299168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.36997/ijuev2021.65.4.412
C. Eburajolo, S. Ogbeide
This study carried out an empirical test of stochastic dominance application on portfolio selection in the Nigerian stock market. December daily stock price of ten (10) listed insurance firms in the period 2014 to 2020 were selected and tested for stochastic dominance occurrence. The findings indicate that the selection of firm stock followed the Markowitz mean-variance and risk preference behavior of investors in the stock market. It also shows that two (2) firm stocks were first order stochastically dominant (FSD), four (4) stocks of firms were second order stochastically dominant while nine (9) stocks were third order stochastically dominant (TSD) in the period after the stock market meltdown in Nigeria. The study recommends that future researchers should empirically investigate portfolio dominance on a sector by sector basis. This will guide potential investors at selecting securities on the basis of mean-variance and utility function.
{"title":"An Empirical Analysis of Stochastic Dominance and Portfolio Selection in the Stock Market: Evidence from Nigeria","authors":"C. Eburajolo, S. Ogbeide","doi":"10.36997/ijuev2021.65.4.412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36997/ijuev2021.65.4.412","url":null,"abstract":"This study carried out an empirical test of stochastic dominance application on portfolio selection in the Nigerian stock market. December daily stock price of ten (10) listed insurance firms in the period 2014 to 2020 were selected and tested for stochastic dominance occurrence. The findings indicate that the selection of firm stock followed the Markowitz mean-variance and risk preference behavior of investors in the stock market. It also shows that two (2) firm stocks were first order stochastically dominant (FSD), four (4) stocks of firms were second order stochastically dominant while nine (9) stocks were third order stochastically dominant (TSD) in the period after the stock market meltdown in Nigeria. The study recommends that future researchers should empirically investigate portfolio dominance on a sector by sector basis. This will guide potential investors at selecting securities on the basis of mean-variance and utility function.","PeriodicalId":30732,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiia Ikonomicheski universitet Varna","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76111144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.36997/ijuev2021.65.4.429
W. Olanipekun, A. Samson, A. Olubunmi, A. Ayomitunde
The aim of this study is to examine the impact of entrepreneurship within the context of SMEs on youth empowerment in Nigeria. Providing an empirical evidence to answer the research question required the extraction of data between 1991 and 2019 from the World Development Indicators. Meanwhile, the data was subjected to various pre-tests such as unit roots and Co-integration tests before the adapted models were estimated using Fully Modified Least Squares (FMOLS) and Granger causality techniques. The summary of the major discoveries in the study were enunciated as follows; self-employment and youth unemployment had a significant negative relationship in Nigeria. In the same vein, population growth rate and youth unemployment had a significant negative relationship. However, commercial banks loans to SMEs and youth unemployment had an insignificant positive relationship in the country. By and large, selfemployment generated by SMEs reduces youth unemployment significantly in Nigeria. Furthermore, a long run convergence existed among the variables of interest in one hand, a unidirectional causal relationship running from youth empowerment to SMEs financing existed in the study. Also, a unidirectional causality running from self employment to population growth rate was discovered. Therefore, the study concludes that entrepreneurship - SMEs has the capacity to guarantee youth empowerment in Nigeria. Against this backdrop, this study recommends that the policymakers and other stakeholders in Nigeria should embrace entrepreneurship, especially SMEs as a reliable means of youth empowerment through employment generation in the country.
{"title":"Does Entrepreneurship Guarantee Youth Empowerment in Nigeria? The Role of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises","authors":"W. Olanipekun, A. Samson, A. Olubunmi, A. Ayomitunde","doi":"10.36997/ijuev2021.65.4.429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36997/ijuev2021.65.4.429","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to examine the impact of entrepreneurship within the context of SMEs on youth empowerment in Nigeria. Providing an empirical evidence to answer the research question required the extraction of data between 1991 and 2019 from the World Development Indicators. Meanwhile, the data was subjected to various pre-tests such as unit roots and Co-integration tests before the adapted models were estimated using Fully Modified Least Squares (FMOLS) and Granger causality techniques. The summary of the major discoveries in the study were enunciated as follows; self-employment and youth unemployment had a significant negative relationship in Nigeria. In the same vein, population growth rate and youth unemployment had a significant negative relationship. However, commercial banks loans to SMEs and youth unemployment had an insignificant positive relationship in the country. By and large, selfemployment generated by SMEs reduces youth unemployment significantly in Nigeria. Furthermore, a long run convergence existed among the variables of interest in one hand, a unidirectional causal relationship running from youth empowerment to SMEs financing existed in the study. Also, a unidirectional causality running from self employment to population growth rate was discovered. Therefore, the study concludes that entrepreneurship - SMEs has the capacity to guarantee youth empowerment in Nigeria. Against this backdrop, this study recommends that the policymakers and other stakeholders in Nigeria should embrace entrepreneurship, especially SMEs as a reliable means of youth empowerment through employment generation in the country.","PeriodicalId":30732,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiia Ikonomicheski universitet Varna","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85830471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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