Environment International最新文献_第5页

Development of an advanced air pollution and climate change analysis and assessment system for the city of Madrid (SIMAD) 为马德里市开发先进的空气污染和气候变化分析和评估系统（SIMAD）

IF 9.7 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environment International

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2026.110176

R. Borge , D. de la Paz , L. Fernández , R. Sánchez-Cauce , J. Pérez , J.M. de Andrés , S. Pujadas , L. Tovar , R. Artime , M.E. de Vega

Cities need to design, implement and assess emission abatement policies to meet increasingly stringent air quality goals and decarbonization targets. Within this context, we present a novel approach to consistently integrate source apportionment, assess emission abatement measures and their impact on population exposure to key pollutants (NO₂, O₃ and PM_2.5). The system pivots on two key concepts: i) massive anonymized mobile network data that are used to depict population dynamics and to generate origin–destination matrices needed to compute road traffic emissions and ii) the Decoupled Direct Method in Three Dimensions implemented in the CMAQ chemical-transport model (CMAQ-DDM-3D). Ambient concentration sensitivities to changes on precursor emissions provided by DDM are consistently used for source apportionment analysis and for the development of a reduced form model (RFM) able to estimate concentration changes over the city with 500 × 500 m resolution with very low computational burden, allowing for multiple simulations. Road traffic was identified as a key local source, contributing 8.5 ug/m³ and 2.1 ug/m³ to NO₂ and PM_2.5 urban background annual mean levels, respectively. The RFM was able to replicate the behavior of the full chemical-transport model for a moderate emission reduction scenario with correlation coefficient of virtually 1 for all pollutants. The RFM also fulfilled the modelling quality indicator (MQI) introduced by the new Directive (EU) 2024/2881 for all NO₂, O₃ and PM_2.5 relevant metrics for the baseline year (2022). Although the performance remains acceptable for the annual mean (MQI < 1 for most locations), the results were found to deteriorate for 2023 and 2024 due to changing meteorology. SIMAD exposure results identify residency as a key factor, resulting in an 8% higher exposure to NO₂ for the lower socioeconomic bracket and suggesting that future strategies should be optimized for health benefits and environmental justice in Madrid.

城市需要设计、实施和评估减排政策，以满足日益严格的空气质量目标和脱碳目标。在此背景下，我们提出了一种新的方法来持续整合源分配，评估排放减排措施及其对人口暴露于关键污染物（NO2， O3和PM2.5）的影响。该系统以两个关键概念为核心：1)用于描述人口动态和生成计算道路交通排放所需的始发-目的地矩阵的大规模匿名移动网络数据；2)在CMAQ化学运输模型（CMAQ- ddm - 3d）中实现的三维解耦直接方法。DDM提供的环境浓度对排放前体变化的敏感性一直用于源分配分析和简化形式模型（RFM）的开发，该模型能够以500 × 500 m的分辨率估计城市上空的浓度变化，计算负担非常低，允许多次模拟。道路交通被确定为关键的本地来源，对NO2和PM2.5的城市背景年平均水平分别贡献8.5 ug/m3和2.1 ug/m3。RFM能够在所有污染物的相关系数几乎为1的适度减排情景下复制完整的化学输送模型的行为。RFM还满足了新指令（EU） 2024/2881为基准年（2022年）的所有NO2、O3和PM2.5相关指标引入的建模质量指标（MQI）。尽管对于年平均值而言，性能仍然可以接受（大多数地区的MQI <； 1），但由于气象变化，结果在2023年和2024年有所恶化。SIMAD暴露结果表明，居住是导致社会经济地位较低人群二氧化氮暴露增加8%的关键因素，并建议未来的战略应优化，以实现马德里的健康效益和环境正义。

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引用次数: 0

Air pollution as a mediator of heat-related all-cause mortality among older U.S. adults 空气污染是美国老年人热相关全因死亡率的中介

IF 9.7 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environment International

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2026.110181

Haomin Li , Qiao Zhu , Howard H. Chang , Haisu Zhang , Kyle Steenland

Background

Heatwaves increase mortality, particularly among the elderly. Fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) and ozone (O₃), have been proposed as a potential mediator linking extreme heat exposure to mortality, yet quantitative evidence remains limited. Here we quantify the mediating roles of PM_2.5 and O₃ in the relationship between heatwaves and all-cause mortality in the United States.

Methods

We conducted a national daily analysis of Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥65 across 15,692 ZIP codes during June-September from 2000 to 2016. Heatwaves were defined as ≥3 consecutive days exceeding ZIP-specific 95th percentile of maximum temperature. Daily PM_2.5 and O₃ concentrations at 1-km resolution were estimated using ensemble machine learning models. We decomposed heatwave effects on mortality into natural direct effects and indirect effects mediated through each pollutant using causal mediation analysis and conducted stratified analyses by urbanicity using Rural–Urban Commuting Area (RUCA).

Results

mong 32.5 million ZIP code-days, we identified 5.3 million all-cause deaths and 3.2 million heatwave ZIP code-days (10% of all ZIP code-days). Heatwaves increased mortality risk by 1.9% (RR = 1.019, 95% CI: 1.015–1.024) and are associated with elevated PM_2.5 (averaged 5.45 μg/m³ increase) and O₃ (averaged 11.30 ppb increase). PM_2.5 mediated 17.80% (95% CI 12.09–24.27) of heatwave mortality, while O₃ mediated 8.19% (95% CI 2.15–14.03). Mediation effects were only observed in urban areas (PM_2.5: ∼19%; O₃: ∼9%), with no detectable mediation in suburban/rural settings despite significant pollution increases.

Conclusion

Our findings demonstrate that air pollution, especially PM_2.5, mediates the heatwave effects on all-cause mortality among older adults in urban settings. Air quality control may be a feasible strategy for mitigating heat-related mortality.

热浪会增加死亡率，尤其是老年人的死亡率。细颗粒物（PM2.5）和臭氧（O3）被认为是极端高温暴露与死亡率之间的潜在中介，但定量证据仍然有限。在这里，我们量化了PM2.5和O3在美国热浪和全因死亡率之间的关系中的中介作用。方法我们对2000年至2016年6 - 9月15,692个邮政编码的年龄 ≥ 65岁的医疗保险受益人进行了全国性的每日分析。热浪定义为 ≥ 连续3天超过zip特定的最高温度的第95百分位数。使用集成机器学习模型估计1公里分辨率下的每日PM2.5和O3浓度。采用因果中介分析将热浪对死亡率的影响分解为自然直接效应和各污染物介导的间接效应，并采用城乡通勤区（RUCA）对城市化程度进行分层分析。结果在3250万个邮政编码日中，我们确定了530万个全因死亡和320万个热浪邮政编码日（占所有邮政编码日的10%）。热浪使死亡风险增加1.9% (RR = 1.019, 95% CI: 1.015-1.024)，并与PM2.5（平均增加5.45 μg/m3）和O3（平均增加11.30 ppb）升高相关。PM2.5介导了17.80% （95% CI 12.09 ~ 24.27）的热浪死亡率，而O3介导了8.19% （95% CI 2.15 ~ 14.03）。仅在城市地区观察到中介效应（PM2.5: ~ 19%; O3: ~ 9%），尽管污染显著增加，但在郊区/农村地区没有检测到中介效应。我们的研究结果表明，空气污染，特别是PM2.5，介导了热浪对城市环境中老年人全因死亡率的影响。空气质量控制可能是减少热相关死亡率的可行策略。

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引用次数: 0

Rationale for a narrative approach in assessing RF-EMF in animal cancer studies. 在动物癌症研究中评估射频电磁场的叙述方法的基本原理。

IF 9.7 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environment International

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2026.110153

Meike Mevissen, Angélique Ducray, Jerrold M Ward, Annette Kopp-Schneider, Andrew W Wood, Tania M Rivero, Kurt Straif

引用次数: 0

Long-term temperature exposure and depression incidence in the Nurses’ Health Study II, a U.S.-based prospective cohort 护士健康研究II中的长期温度暴露和抑郁症发病率，这是一项基于美国的前瞻性队列研究

IF 9.7 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environment International

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2026.110160

Unnati V. Mehta , Grete E. Wilt , Charlotte J. Roscoe , Olivia I. Okereke , Brent A. Coull , Peter James , Francine Laden , Cindy R. Hu , Nicole V. DeVille , Jaime E. Hart

Background

While short-term temperature increases (e.g., daily) have been linked to higher rates of mental health hospitalizations, associations between longer-term temperature (e.g., annual) and mental health, particularly depression, are underexplored. The objective of this study was to examine the association between annual average temperature and depression incidence in a United States cohort.

Methods

After excluding all participants in the Nurses’ Health Study II who reported clinician-diagnosed depression or antidepressant use prior to 2001, we followed 39,339 participants across the study period between 2001 and 2019. We spatially linked 800 m2 annual average temperature estimates from the PRISM model to participants’ biennially-updated residential addresses. We defined incident depression as self-report of clinician-diagnosed depression or antidepressant use. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the association between annual average temperature and incident depression. Models included demographic and lifestyle characteristics as covariates. We performed sensitivity analyses to assess the robustness of the observed association to changes in outcome definition.

Findings

In a fully adjusted model, the hazard ratio for the association between annual average temperature and incident depression was 1·06 (1·02, 1·08) per interquartile range (4·9) increase. While this estimate was mildly attenuated in sensitivity analyses considering alternative outcome definitions, the adverse association remained robust.

Interpretation and funding

Our results suggest that sustained exposure to higher temperatures is associated with chronic depression and other mental health outcomes. This work was supported by National Institutes of Health grants U01 CA176726, U01 HL145386, and P30 ES000002.

虽然短期温度升高（如每日）与较高的精神健康住院率有关，但长期温度升高（如每年）与精神健康，特别是抑郁症之间的关系尚未得到充分探讨。本研究的目的是在美国的一个队列中检查年平均气温与抑郁症发病率之间的关系。方法：在排除2001年之前报告临床诊断为抑郁症或使用抗抑郁药的护士健康研究II的所有参与者后，我们在2001年至2019年的研究期间随访了39,339名参与者。我们将PRISM模型估算的800平方米年平均温度与参与者每两年更新一次的居住地址在空间上联系起来。我们将偶发性抑郁症定义为临床诊断的抑郁症或使用抗抑郁药的自我报告。我们使用Cox比例风险模型来估计年平均温度与事件抑郁之间关联的校正风险比和95%置信区间。模型包括人口统计学和生活方式特征作为协变量。我们进行了敏感性分析，以评估观察到的与结果定义变化的关联的稳健性。在完全调整后的模型中，年平均气温与事件抑郁相关的风险比为1.06(1.02,1.08)，每增加四分位数范围（4.9）。虽然在考虑其他结果定义的敏感性分析中，这一估计略有减弱，但不利关联仍然很强。解释和资助：我们的研究结果表明，持续暴露在高温下与慢性抑郁症和其他精神健康问题有关。这项工作得到了美国国立卫生研究院拨款U01 CA176726， U01 HL145386和P30 ES000002的支持。

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引用次数: 0

Paternal DEHP exposure impairs placental angiogenesis via inhibition of the zygotic Col1α1/Col1α2-Integrin α2β1 axis 父本DEHP暴露通过抑制合子COL1A1/ col1a2 -整合素α2β1轴而损害胎盘血管生成

IF 9.7 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environment International

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2026.110162

Qi-meng Li , Die Hu , Ke Yin , Piao-ye Wu , Juan Hu , Xin-ming Chen , Shan-shan Wu , Xiao-lu Li , Xiao-yue Cai , Fei-yang Hou , Zhi-qiang Zhang , Min-yue He , Ying Fu , De-xiang Xu , Tao Xu , Ling-li Zhao

The plasticizer DEHP is ubiquitous in the environment, and its unavoidable daily low-dose chronic exposure can impair male sperm. Paternal sperm damage is associated with abnormal placental development in offspring. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. This study innovatively explored the effects and potential mechanisms of paternal DEHP exposure on placenta development in offspring. The results showed that 90-day exposure to environmental doses of DEHP, male mice exhibited sperm damage, accompanied by a significant reduction in the vascular sinus area within the labyrinthine layer of GD17 placentas, indicating that DEHP-induced sperm damage impairs placental angiogenesis in offspring. Transcriptomic revealed the mechanism of placental angiogenesis obstruction, we found that in both fertilized zygotes and GD17 placentas, the mRNA and protein expression of the angiogenesis-associated type I collagen genes Col1α1 were significantly decreased. Furthermore, the expression of binding partner integrin α2β1 was decreased, leading to inhibition of downstream PI3K-AKT signaling pathway activity. To verify that reduced expression of Col1α1 and Col1α2 inhibits placental angiogenesis, the study knocked down Col1α1 and Col1α2 in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC), and confirmed the inhibitory effect on angiogenesis and related signaling pathways. In summary, this study demonstrates that paternal DEHP exposure may induce downregulation of Col1α1 and Col1α2, which are important angiogenic genes in the fertilized zygotes and placenta, leading to a reduction in placental sinus area. This study clarifies the association between paternal subchronic exposure to environmental doses of DEHP and abnormal placental vascular development in offspring, challenging the traditional “maternal dominance” paradigm in placental development research. The study provides an important scientific basis for comprehensively assessing the reproductive health risks of environmental pollutants and for formulating precise prevention and control strategies.

增塑剂DEHP在环境中无处不在，不可避免的每日低剂量慢性暴露会损害男性精子。父亲精子损伤与后代胎盘发育异常有关。然而，其潜在机制尚不清楚。本研究创新性地探讨了父亲DEHP暴露对子代胎盘发育的影响及其潜在机制。结果显示，暴露于环境剂量DEHP 90天后，雄性小鼠出现精子损伤，并伴有GD17胎盘迷路层血管窦面积的显著减少，表明DEHP诱导的精子损伤损害了后代胎盘血管生成。转录组学揭示了胎盘血管生成障碍的机制，我们发现在受精子和GD17胎盘中，血管生成相关的I型胶原基因Col1a1的mRNA和蛋白表达均显著降低。此外，结合伴侣整合素α2β1的表达降低，导致下游PI3K-AKT信号通路活性受到抑制。为了验证Col1a1和Col1a2表达降低是否抑制胎盘血管生成，本研究在人脐静脉内皮细胞（Human脐静脉内皮细胞，HUVEC）中敲低Col1a1和Col1a2，并证实其对血管生成及相关信号通路的抑制作用。综上所述，本研究表明，父本DEHP暴露可诱导受精卵和胎盘中重要的血管生成基因Col1a1和Col1a2的下调，导致胎盘窦面积减少。本研究阐明了父亲亚慢性暴露于环境剂量DEHP与后代胎盘血管异常发育之间的关系，挑战了胎盘发育研究中传统的“母亲优势”范式。该研究为综合评价环境污染物对生殖健康的危害，制定精准的防治策略提供了重要的科学依据。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of gestational exposure to individual and mixed PFASs on maternal liver function: evidence from the Wuxi Birth Cohort, animal studies, and toxicogenomic analyses 妊娠期暴露于单个和混合PFASs对母亲肝功能的影响：来自无锡出生队列、动物研究和毒物基因组分析的证据

IF 9.7 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environment International

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2026.110184

Yuqiu Ge , Wenchao Zhang , Minkai Cao , Yao Li , Jinqi Ma , Qiuying Du , Le Zhang , Peiyu Han , Limei Chen

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are persistent environmental contaminants with potential hepatotoxicity. Their impact during pregnancy remains poorly characterized. We investigated 601 pregnant women from the Wuxi Birth Cohort, measuring serum concentrations of 23 PFASs and 11 liver function markers. Associations between individual PFASs and liver function markers were evaluated with generalized linear model (GLM) and generalized additive model (GAM), while mixture effects were assessed using weighted quantile sum (WQS) and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR). Independent validation was performed using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data. To explore underlying mechanisms, pregnant rats were exposed to perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) followed by liver function assays and RNA sequencing. In the present study, twelve PFASs had detection rates above 90%, with perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA) being the predominant compound. Serum perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), PFNA, PFDA, and perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUdA) were significantly associated with alanine aminotransferase (ALT) [β (95% CI): 0.100 (0.023, 0.178), 0.080 (0.033, 0.126), 0.068 (0.025, 0.111), 0.061 (0.021, 0.101), respectively], and were also associated with higher levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Both WQS and BKMR models indicated positive associations between PFAS mixtures and liver function markers, particularly ALT, AST, and ALP. Similar patterns were observed in NHANES data. In animal experiments, gestational exposure to PFDA (0.3 mg/kg/day) and PFNA (0.2 mg/kg/day) at human-relevant levels altered maternal liver function markers in pregnant rats, while transcriptomic analyses revealed disruptions in key hepatic metabolic pathways, including unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis, peroxisome, and PPAR/AMPK signaling. This study provides epidemiological and experimental evidence supporting an association between PFAS exposure and altered maternal liver function during pregnancy, suggesting potential implications for maternal health.

全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFASs）是具有潜在肝毒性的持久性环境污染物。它们在怀孕期间的影响仍不清楚。我们调查了来自无锡出生队列的601名孕妇，测量了23种PFASs和11种肝功能标志物的血清浓度。采用广义线性模型（GLM）和广义加性模型（GAM）评估个体PFASs与肝功能标志物之间的相关性，采用加权分位数和（WQS）和贝叶斯核机回归（BKMR）评估混合效应。采用国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）数据进行独立验证。为了探索其潜在的机制，我们将怀孕大鼠暴露于全氟壬烷酸（PFNA）和全氟十烷酸（PFDA）中，然后进行肝功能检测和RNA测序。在本研究中，有12种PFASs的检出率在90%以上，其中全氟戊酸（PFPeA）是主要化合物。血清全氟辛酸（PFOA）、PFNA、PFDA和全氟癸酸（PFUdA）与丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）显著相关[β (95% CI)分别为0.100（0.023,0.178）、0.080（0.033,0.126）、0.068（0.025,0.111）、0.061(0.021,0.101)]，还与较高水平的天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）、γ -谷氨酰转移酶（GGT）和碱性磷酸酶（ALP）相关。WQS和BKMR模型均显示PFAS混合物与肝功能指标呈正相关，尤其是ALT、AST和ALP。在NHANES数据中也观察到类似的模式。在动物实验中，妊娠期暴露于人类相关水平的PFDA（0.3 mg/kg/day）和PFNA（0.2 mg/kg/day）改变了妊娠大鼠的母体肝功能标志物，而转录组学分析显示，关键的肝脏代谢途径，包括不饱和脂肪酸生物合成、过氧化物酶体和PPAR/AMPK信号通路受到破坏。该研究提供了流行病学和实验证据，支持PFAS暴露与怀孕期间母体肝功能改变之间的关联，提示对孕产妇健康的潜在影响。

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引用次数: 0

Predicting antifungal concentrations that select for resistance: an enhanced approach to establish environmental thresholds 预测抗真菌浓度选择耐药性：建立环境阈值的增强方法。

IF 9.7 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environment International

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2026.110178

Isobel C. Stanton , Dominic P. Brass , Holly J. Tipper , Rachel A. Payne , Aimee K. Murray , Jennifer M.G. Shelton , Adam M. Pym , Alwyn Hart , Daniel S. Read , William H. Gaze , Andrew C. Singer

Antifungal resistance (AFR) is an emerging threat. Understanding the concentrations at which antifungals select for resistance is critical for guiding policy to minimise risks. This study aimed to determine predicted no effect concentrations for resistance (PNECRs) for antifungals in water and soil. PNECRs for water (PNECRs_water) were derived from species sensitivity distributions fitted using a Maximum Likelihood Estimation approach to estimate the lower 5th percentile Hazard Concentrations (HC5s) from censored species/compound level MIC data and applying a 10-fold assessment factor. PNECRs_water ranged from 5.67x10^-4 (clotrimazole) to 7.94 µg/L (nystatin). PNECRs derived using standard methodologies that do not account for censoring are always higher, and therefore less conservative for environmental protection, than when considering censoring. PNECRs for soil (PNECRs_soil) were derived by applying soil partitioning coefficients to PNECRs_water for each antifungal, thereby providing an estimate for the bulk soil concentration needed to achieve the PNECR_water in soil pore water. These ranged from 2.26x10^-6 (voriconazole) to 2.16 mg/kg (nystatin). Risk quotients were generated from measured environmental concentrations, and 6.54% for water (n = 200) and 12.5% for soil (n = 1) were over 1, suggesting selection for AFR could be occurring. This type of data generation and analyses will inform discussions about targeted mitigation strategies to reduce the risk of selection for AFR, however, PNECR estimations can be improved with increased data for certain compounds, particularly agricultural fungicides. Preventing an increase in resistance is critical for reducing the risk posed to human health from exposure to environmental AFR.

抗真菌耐药性（AFR）是一个新兴的威胁。了解抗真菌药物选择产生耐药性的浓度对于指导政策以尽量减少风险至关重要。本研究旨在确定水和土壤中抗真菌药物的预测无效应抗性浓度（pnecr）。水的PNECRs （PNECRswater）来自物种敏感性分布，使用最大似然估计方法从删除的物种/化合物水平MIC数据中估计较低的第5百分位危害浓度（HC5s），并应用10倍评估因子。PNECRswater范围从5.67 × 10-4（克霉唑）到7.94µg/L（制霉菌素）。使用不考虑审查的标准方法得出的pnecr总是更高，因此在环境保护方面比考虑审查时更不保守。土壤的PNECRs （PNECRssoil）是通过将土壤分配系数应用于每种抗真菌药的PNECRswater得到的，从而提供了在土壤孔隙水中实现PNECRwater所需的土壤体积浓度的估计。剂量范围从2.26 × 10-6（伏立康唑）到2.16 mg/kg（制霉菌素）。风险商由测量的环境浓度产生，6.54%的水（n = 200）和12.5%的土壤（n = 1）超过1，表明可能发生了AFR的选择。这种类型的数据生成和分析将为关于有针对性的缓解战略的讨论提供信息，以减少选择AFR的风险，然而，随着某些化合物，特别是农业杀菌剂数据的增加，PNECR的估计可以得到改进。防止耐药性增加对于减少接触环境AFR对人类健康构成的风险至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Capture sequencing demonstrates promising public health potential for post-COVID wastewater surveillance: a comparative multi-technique and spatiotemporal analysis 捕获测序显示了在covid - 19后废水监测中有希望的公共卫生潜力：一项比较多技术和时空分析

IF 9.7 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environment International

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2026.110146

Xiaokang Li , Bin Xu , Zhisheng Lai , Jianqiu Qin , Changwei Liang , Hong Xu , Deqian Zhou , Huanning Zhou , Xueshan Zhong , Zhiming Liu , Chuanhao Cheng , Yan Long , Weiya Mao , Conghui Liao , Wenru Feng , Yu Ma , Linlin Zhang , Daoqin Wang , Hongwei Tu , Changhua He , Cheng Guo

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has emerged as a scalable and cost-effective strategy for monitoring SARS-CoV-2 throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. In the post-COVID era, however, reliance on conventional molecular techniques, such as reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and amplicon-based targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS), limits comprehensive pathogen surveillance due to restricted genomic coverage and throughput, hindering early detection of emerging public health threats. In this study, we evaluated a hybrid capture-based sequencing (HybCapSeq) workflow using five probe panels, including three commercial and two custom panels, to compare SARS-CoV-2 detection performance and per-sample reagent cost with those of RT-qPCR and tNGS. We then applied the comprehensive viral capture panel for longitudinal wastewater surveillance (N = 343) across seven types of sampling sites in two Chinese cities. Temporal trends in SARS-CoV-2 genomic coverage derived from capture sequencing preceded reported clinical case trends by 1–2 weeks, demonstrating its potential as an early-warning indicator for wastewater monitoring. Compared with RT-qPCR, tNGS, and metatranscriptomic sequencing (MetaT), the capture-based approach showed comparable or superior performance in SARS-CoV-2 detection and variant tracking, while also enabling simultaneous detection of diverse human-pathogenic viruses, identification of putative novel viral taxa, and characterization of environmental virome composition. In addition, bacterial reads accounted for 95.05% of total reads in hybrid capture libraries (95% CI: 94.42–95.67%), highlighting the potential of this approach for profiling of bacterial and antimicrobial resistance genes in wastewater. These findings endorse HybCapSeq, combined with strategic probe design and site selection, as a robust WBE platform for pathogen surveillance, epidemic preparedness, and public health response in the post-COVID era.

基于废水的流行病学（WBE）已成为在COVID-19大流行期间监测SARS-CoV-2的一种可扩展且具有成本效益的战略。然而，在后covid时代，由于基因组覆盖和通量有限，对逆转录定量PCR （RT-qPCR）和基于扩增子的靶向下一代测序（tNGS）等传统分子技术的依赖限制了病原体的全面监测，阻碍了对新出现的公共卫生威胁的早期发现。在这项研究中，我们评估了一种基于混合捕获的测序（HybCapSeq）工作流程，使用五个探针面板，包括三个商业和两个定制面板，以比较SARS-CoV-2的检测性能和每个样品的试剂成本与RT-qPCR和tNGS。捕获测序得出的SARS-CoV-2基因组覆盖的时间趋势比报告的临床病例趋势早1-2 周，表明其作为废水监测预警指标的潜力。与RT-qPCR、tNGS和MetaT相比，基于捕获的方法在SARS-CoV-2检测和变异追踪方面表现出相当或更好的性能，同时还可以同时检测多种人类致病性病毒，鉴定推定的新病毒分类群，并表征环境病毒组组成。此外，细菌reads占混合捕获文库中总reads的95.05% (95% CI: 94.42-95.67%)，突出了该方法在分析废水中细菌和抗微生物药物抗性基因方面的潜力。这些研究结果支持HybCapSeq与战略性探针设计和选址相结合，作为后covid时代病原体监测、流行病准备和公共卫生应对的强大WBE平台。

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引用次数: 0

Development of ciprofloxacin resistance coincides with non-cognate plasmid loss during biological wastewater treatment 环丙沙星耐药性的产生与废水生物处理过程中非同源质粒的丢失相吻合

IF 9.7 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environment International

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2026.110149

Shuyan Wang , Xiujing Wu , Min Xu , Shengchun Qi , Youjun Feng , Huijie Lu

Antibiotic pressure in wastewater and sludge is a critical driver shaping the environmental resistome and facilitating the spread of resistance. To assess this influence, activated sludge was exposed to ciprofloxacin (CIP) for 30 days. CIP markedly altered the resistome by increasing the absolute abundances of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) while reducing plasmids. In a parallel 60-day evolution experiment using an activated–sludge–derived E. coli under 2 μg/L CIP, evolved clones were classified into distinct groups based on ciprofloxacin resistance level, growth rate, and plasmid copy number. Group 3, consisting of plasmid-free clones with high growth rates and high-level CIP resistance, represented the fittest population and was predominantly associated with the gyrA-S83L mutation. Their rapid cell division likely outpaced plasmid duplication and segregation, leading to plasmid loss. In contrast, Group 2 comprised plasmid-bearing clones with elevated plasmid copy numbers but impaired growth and intermediate resistance, and was predominantly associated with the gyrA-D87G mutation. Group 1 retained traits most similar to the ancestor. Transcriptomics revealed different gene regulatory strategies employed by Groups 2 and 3 in response to CIP. Analysis of wastewater-derived plasmids and E. coli genomes further supported that CIP-driven chromosomal adaptations are associated with variations in plasmid prevalence and plasmid-borne resistomes. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that interactions between chromosomal resistance mechanisms and plasmid retention under antibiotic pressure are associated with differences in resistome structure in wastewater treatment systems, and highlight the need to account for these processes when managing antibiotic resistance in activated sludge.

废水和污泥中的抗生素压力是形成环境抗性组和促进耐药性传播的关键驱动因素。为了评估这种影响，活性污泥暴露于环丙沙星（CIP） 30天。CIP通过增加抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）和移动遗传元件（MGEs）的绝对丰度而减少质粒，显著改变了抗性组。在2 μg/L CIP作用下，利用活性污泥衍生的大肠杆菌进行了60天的平行进化实验，根据对环丙沙星的抗性水平、生长速度和质粒拷贝数将进化的克隆分为不同的类群。第3组由高生长速率和高CIP抗性的无质粒克隆组成，代表了最适合的群体，主要与gyrA-S83L突变相关。它们的快速细胞分裂可能超过了质粒复制和分离，导致质粒丢失。相比之下，第2组含有质粒克隆，质粒拷贝数升高，但生长受损和中等抗性，主要与gyrA-D87G突变有关。第一组保留了与祖先最相似的特征。转录组学揭示了2组和3组对CIP的不同基因调控策略。对废水来源质粒和大肠杆菌基因组的分析进一步支持了cip驱动的染色体适应与质粒流行率和质粒携带的抗性体的变化有关。总的来说，这些发现表明，在抗生素压力下，染色体耐药机制和质粒保留之间的相互作用与废水处理系统中抗性组结构的差异有关，并强调了在管理活性污泥中的抗生素耐药性时需要考虑这些过程。

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引用次数: 0

Maternal pesticide exposure disrupts local inhibitory circuits in the reward pathway 母体接触农药破坏了奖励通路中的局部抑制回路

IF 9.7 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environment International

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2026.110151

T.J. Baumgartner , H. Teimouri , A. Venkatesh , M. Marosi , H. Zhao , M. Bernabucci , C.S. Nwosu , J.Di Re , L. Koff , L.M. Hallberg , B.T. Ameredes , D. Labate , F. Laezza

Maternal exposure to the pyrethroid pesticide deltamethrin (DM), even below the No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL), has been increasingly associated with models of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism-spectrum disorders (ASD). While recent studies have documented the impact of maternal DM exposure on offspring hippocampal circuits, its effects on the nucleus accumbens (NAc)—a key region implicated in NDDs—remain poorly understood. The NAc is composed of over 80% medium spiny neurons (MSNs), which serve as its sole output and rely on specialized local inhibitory interneurons to regulate firing patterns and synaptic integration. Here, we report subtype-specific dysfunction in parvalbumin-positive (PV+) inhibitory interneurons in the NAc of offspring following maternal DM exposure in mice. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings from genetically labeled PV+ interneurons revealed that high input-resistance (IR) PV interneurons exhibited unique vulnerability. DM exposure significantly reduced maximum firing frequency and lowered action potential threshold, while low IR PV interneurons remained unaffected. Additionally, the probability of more frequent excitatory synaptic inputs onto high IR PV interneurons were significantly reduced. Mapping our data onto publicly available patch-seq data from a Mini-Atlas revealed that high IR PV interneurons express high levels of Shisa8, an accessory protein regulating AMPA receptor kinetics, and low levels of Grin2A, an NMDA receptor component, suggesting that specific local synaptic circuit disruption in DM-sensitive neurons. Thus, maternal DM exposure selectively impairs a subtype of inhibitory interneurons with unique physiological properties, potentially disrupting synaptic integration in the reward circuit and contributing to NDD-like phenotypes.

母亲接触拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂溴氰菊酯（DM），即使低于未观察到的不良反应水平（NOAEL），也越来越多地与神经发育障碍（ndd）模型相关，如注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）和自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）。虽然最近的研究已经记录了母体DM暴露对后代海马回路的影响，但其对与ndd有关的关键区域伏隔核（NAc）的影响仍然知之甚少。NAc由80%以上的中棘神经元（msn）组成，作为其唯一的输出，并依靠专门的局部抑制性中间神经元来调节放电模式和突触整合。在这里，我们报告了小鼠母体DM暴露后后代NAc中细小蛋白阳性（PV+）抑制中间神经元的亚型特异性功能障碍。来自遗传标记的PV+中间神经元的全细胞膜片钳记录显示，高输入电阻（IR） PV中间神经元表现出独特的脆弱性。DM暴露显著降低了最大放电频率和动作电位阈值，而低IR - PV中间神经元不受影响。此外，更频繁的兴奋性突触输入到高IR PV中间神经元的可能性显著降低。将我们的数据与来自Mini-Atlas的公开可用的patch-seq数据进行比对发现，高IR PV中间神经元表达高水平的Shisa8（一种调节AMPA受体动力学的辅助蛋白）和低水平的Grin2A（一种NMDA受体成分），这表明dm敏感神经元中特定的局部突触回路中断。因此，母体DM暴露选择性地损害具有独特生理特性的抑制性中间神经元亚型，可能破坏奖励回路中的突触整合并导致ndd样表型。

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引用次数: 0