Pub Date : 2025-04-21DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2025.109476
Sori Mok , Jae-Eun Lim , Miyoung Lim , Ji Young Park , Kiyoung Lee , Hyo-Bang Moon
The use of cosmetics and personal care products (CPCPs) is a significant source of human exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). However, few studies have investigated EDC exposure through CPCP use based on realistic exposure factors of diverse population groups. In this study, 13 parabens and two antimicrobial agents were measured in 261 CPCPs categorized as leave-on, rinse-off, and baby care products. Methylparaben and propylparaben were the most prevalent parabens. Triclocarban was frequently found in rinse-off products, while triclosan was rarely detected, likely due to regulatory measures. Population-specific exposure assessments were conducted using measured EDC concentrations and exposure factors derived from surveys of 1,001 adults, 322 teenagers, and 719 mother-infant pairs in Korea. Dermal exposure doses (DEDs) of parabens were estimated at 11.4, 25.8, 25.1 and 0.03 µg/kg/day for males, females, mothers, and infants, respectively. For antimicrobial agents, DEDs were 0.20, 0.28, and 0.98 µg/kg/day for males, females, and mothers, respectively. Females had higher DEDs of parabens than males in both adults and teenagers, and mothers had higher DEDs of triclocarban. These findings emphasized the need to consider population-specific characteristics in exposure assessments. High-exposure scenarios resulted in DEDs 4–5 times higher than general-exposure scenarios. Skin care products, sunscreens, body and hand lotions were major contributors to paraben exposure, highlighting the need for targeted management to mitigate exposure from these products. This study provides realistic exposure data that can serve as a valuable reference for managing CPCP ingredients, particularly parabens and antimicrobial agents.
{"title":"Population-specific exposure risks from parabens and antimicrobials in cosmetics and personal care products: Insights from Korean usage patterns","authors":"Sori Mok , Jae-Eun Lim , Miyoung Lim , Ji Young Park , Kiyoung Lee , Hyo-Bang Moon","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109476","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109476","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of cosmetics and personal care products (CPCPs) is a significant source of human exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). However, few studies have investigated EDC exposure through CPCP use based on realistic exposure factors of diverse population groups. In this study, 13 parabens and two antimicrobial agents were measured in 261 CPCPs categorized as leave-on, rinse-off, and baby care products. Methylparaben and propylparaben were the most prevalent parabens. Triclocarban was frequently found in rinse-off products, while triclosan was rarely detected, likely due to regulatory measures. Population-specific exposure assessments were conducted using measured EDC concentrations and exposure factors derived from surveys of 1,001 adults, 322 teenagers, and 719 mother-infant pairs in Korea. Dermal exposure doses (DEDs) of parabens were estimated at 11.4, 25.8, 25.1 and 0.03 µg/kg/day for males, females, mothers, and infants, respectively. For antimicrobial agents, DEDs were 0.20, 0.28, and 0.98 µg/kg/day for males, females, and mothers, respectively. Females had higher DEDs of parabens than males in both adults and teenagers, and mothers had higher DEDs of triclocarban. These findings emphasized the need to consider population-specific characteristics in exposure assessments. High-exposure scenarios resulted in DEDs 4–5 times higher than general-exposure scenarios. Skin care products, sunscreens, body and hand lotions were major contributors to paraben exposure, highlighting the need for targeted management to mitigate exposure from these products. This study provides realistic exposure data that can serve as a valuable reference for managing CPCP ingredients, particularly parabens and antimicrobial agents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 109476"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143858110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-20DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2025.109468
Eunyoung Park, Qing Shen, Zhichao Zhang, Claire E. O’Brien, Amanda J. Goodrich, Elizabeth E. Angel, Irva Hertz-Picciotto, Daniel J. Tancredi, Sean Raffuse, Deborah H. Bennett, Rebecca J. Schmidt, Ameer Y. Taha
Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from wildfire smoke has been linked to immune dysregulation underlying multiple health conditions, but data on the long-term effects of these exposures during gestation are lacking. Smoke PM2.5 from wildfires occurring in urban areas is of particular concern because it can carry persistent chemicals within household furniture or soil, as well as polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from combusted materials. The present study investigated the long-term associations between wildfire PM2.5 and serum polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), PAHs and lipid mediators (i.e., oxylipins) involved in immune regulation in participants from the B-SAFE (Bio-Specimen Assessment of Fire Effects) study, which enrolled women pregnant during or shortly after the 2017 Tubbs Fire in California (n = 140). Serum samples were collected and assayed 7 to 13 months post-exposure, at which point 20 women were still pregnant and 120 women were postpartum. Adjusted linear regression models revealed a significant positive association between increasing PM2.5 (μg/m3) exposure and serum concentrations of benzo[k]fluoranthene, a PAH (β = 0.866, P = 0.0403, [95 %CI: 0.0389, 1.69]). No associations were observed between PM2.5 exposure and serum PBDEs, PCBs or other PAHs. Increased exposure to PM2.5 was associated with lower serum concentrations of lipoxygenase (LOX)-derived free oxylipins and increased concentrations of LOX-derived oxylipins esterified to circulating lipids. These findings provide new evidence of long-term effects of gestational wildfire PM2.5 exposure on the turnover of oxylipins involved in inflammation and vasoconstriction via the LOX pathway. Additional studies are warranted to better understand the impact of these changes on maternal and child health.
{"title":"Gestational exposure to particulate matter from urban wildfires is associated with changes in circulating oxylipins but not flame retardants 7 to 13 months post-exposure","authors":"Eunyoung Park, Qing Shen, Zhichao Zhang, Claire E. O’Brien, Amanda J. Goodrich, Elizabeth E. Angel, Irva Hertz-Picciotto, Daniel J. Tancredi, Sean Raffuse, Deborah H. Bennett, Rebecca J. Schmidt, Ameer Y. Taha","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2025.109468","url":null,"abstract":"Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) from wildfire smoke has been linked to immune dysregulation underlying multiple health conditions, but data on the long-term effects of these exposures during gestation are lacking. Smoke PM<sub>2.5</sub> from wildfires occurring in urban areas is of particular concern because it can carry persistent chemicals within household furniture or soil, as well as polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from combusted materials. The present study investigated the long-term associations between wildfire PM<sub>2.5</sub> and serum polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), PAHs and lipid mediators (i.e., oxylipins) involved in immune regulation in participants from the B-SAFE (Bio-Specimen Assessment of Fire Effects) study, which enrolled women pregnant during or shortly after the 2017 Tubbs Fire in California (n = 140). Serum samples were collected and assayed 7 to 13 months post-exposure, at which point 20 women were still pregnant and 120 women were postpartum. Adjusted linear regression models revealed a significant positive association between increasing PM<sub>2.5</sub> (μg/m<sup>3</sup>) exposure and serum concentrations of benzo[k]fluoranthene, a PAH (β = 0.866, <em>P</em> = 0.0403, [95 %CI: 0.0389, 1.69]). No associations were observed between PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure and serum PBDEs, PCBs or other PAHs. Increased exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub> was associated with lower serum concentrations of lipoxygenase (LOX)-derived free oxylipins and increased concentrations of LOX-derived oxylipins esterified to circulating lipids. These findings provide new evidence of long-term effects of gestational wildfire PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure on the turnover of oxylipins involved in inflammation and vasoconstriction via the LOX pathway. Additional studies are warranted to better understand the impact of these changes on maternal and child health.","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"137 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143853215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-20DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2025.109490
April Hayes, Lihong Zhang, Edward Feil, Barbara Kasprzyk-Hordern, Jason Snape, William H Gaze, Aimee K Murray
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major threat to human, animal, and crop health. AMR can be directly selected for by antibiotics, and indirectly co-selected for by biocides and metals, at environmentally relevant concentrations. Some evidence suggests that non-antibiotic drugs (NADs) can co-select for AMR, but previous work focused on exposing single model bacterial species to predominately high concentrations of NADs. There is a significant knowledge gap in understanding a range of NAD concentrations, (including lower µg/L concentrations found in the environment) on mixed bacterial communities containing a diverse mobile resistome. Here, we determined the antimicrobial effect and selective potential of diclofenac, metformin, and 17-β-estradiol, NADs that are commonly found environmental pollutants in a complex bacterial community using a combination of culture based, metagenome, and metratranscriptome approaches. We found that diclofenac, metformin, and 17-β-estradiol at 50µg/L, 26µg/L, and 24µg/L respectively, significantly reduced growth of a bacterial community although only 17-β-estradiol selected for an AMR marker using qPCR (from 7µg/L to 5400µg/L). Whole metagenome sequencing indicated that there was no clear selection by NADs for antibiotic resistance genes, or effects on community composition. Additionally, increases in relative abundance of some specific metal resistance genes (such as arsB) were observed after exposure to diclofenac, metformin, and 17-β-estradiol. These results indicate that environmentally relevant concentrations of NADs are likely to affect community growth, function, and potentially selection for specific metal resistance genes.
{"title":"Antimicrobial effects, and selection for AMR by non-antibiotic drugs in a wastewater bacterial community","authors":"April Hayes, Lihong Zhang, Edward Feil, Barbara Kasprzyk-Hordern, Jason Snape, William H Gaze, Aimee K Murray","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2025.109490","url":null,"abstract":"Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major threat to human, animal, and crop health. AMR can be directly selected for by antibiotics, and indirectly co-selected for by biocides and metals, at environmentally relevant concentrations. Some evidence suggests that non-antibiotic drugs (NADs) can co-select for AMR, but previous work focused on exposing single model bacterial species to predominately high concentrations of NADs. There is a significant knowledge gap in understanding a range of NAD concentrations, (including lower µg/L concentrations found in the environment) on mixed bacterial communities containing a diverse mobile resistome. Here, we determined the antimicrobial effect and selective potential of diclofenac, metformin, and 17-β-estradiol, NADs that are commonly found environmental pollutants in a complex bacterial community using a combination of culture based, metagenome, and metratranscriptome approaches. We found that diclofenac, metformin, and 17-β-estradiol at 50µg/L, 26µg/L, and 24µg/L respectively, significantly reduced growth of a bacterial community although only 17-β-estradiol selected for an AMR marker using qPCR (from 7µg/L to 5400µg/L). Whole metagenome sequencing indicated that there was no clear selection by NADs for antibiotic resistance genes, or effects on community composition. Additionally, increases in relative abundance of some specific metal resistance genes (such as <em>arsB</em>) were observed after exposure to diclofenac, metformin, and 17-β-estradiol. These results indicate that environmentally relevant concentrations of NADs are likely to affect community growth, function, and potentially selection for specific metal resistance genes.","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143853115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-19DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2025.109466
Maureen Meister, Shaligram Sharma, Xiaojia He, Patrick S. Chepaitis, Taryn Waddey, Mark Wilson, Vinay Premnath, Judith Jeevarajan, Marilyn Black, Christa Wright
The occurrence of thermal runaway (TR) events continues to rise as the need for lithium-ion batteries (LIB) for energy storage increases. However, the inhalation risks associated with LIB TR events remain widely unknown. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of LIB TR particulate emission exposures on primary small airway epithelial cells (SAEC). TR was triggered by subjecting lithium-ion cells to thermal abuse at different states of charge (SOC). The test articles had two different battery cathode chemistry compositions, namely, nickel manganese cobalt (NMC) or lithium iron phosphate (LFP). Aerosol monitoring and sampling instrumentation were employed followed by physicochemical particle characterization and inhalation dosimetry modeling. SAEC were treated with TR particulate emission extracts for 24 h and 7 days at doses representing a cumulative 1- and 5-year inhalation exposure. Following treatment, cellular viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and protein expression of DNA damage and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers were assessed. TR particulate emissions consisted of ultrafine particles comprising of a variety of heavy metals. Cellular senescence was induced by NMC-derived TR extracts, but not LFP-derived TR extracts. SAEC treated with the 5-year dose of NMC-derived TR extract, induced significant ROS production. In cells treated with NMC-derived TR extract, regulators of DNA repair and cell cycle arrest were perturbed. Oxidative stress subsequently induced EMT, as SAEC treated with NMC-derived TR particulate emissions reduced E-cadherin expression and upregulated Fascin and Vimentin expression. This study reveals the respiratory implications of TR particulate emissions and the role of battery chemistry.
{"title":"Evaluating inhalation risks and toxicological impacts of lithium-ion battery thermal runaway emissions","authors":"Maureen Meister, Shaligram Sharma, Xiaojia He, Patrick S. Chepaitis, Taryn Waddey, Mark Wilson, Vinay Premnath, Judith Jeevarajan, Marilyn Black, Christa Wright","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2025.109466","url":null,"abstract":"The occurrence of thermal runaway (TR) events continues to rise as the need for lithium-ion batteries (LIB) for energy storage increases. However, the inhalation risks associated with LIB TR events remain widely unknown. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of LIB TR particulate emission exposures on primary small airway epithelial cells (SAEC). TR was triggered by subjecting lithium-ion cells to thermal abuse at different states of charge (SOC). The test articles had two different battery cathode chemistry compositions, namely, nickel manganese cobalt (NMC) or lithium iron phosphate (LFP). Aerosol monitoring and sampling instrumentation were employed followed by physicochemical particle characterization and inhalation dosimetry modeling. SAEC were treated with TR particulate emission extracts for 24 h and 7 days at doses representing a cumulative 1- and 5-year inhalation exposure. Following treatment, cellular viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and protein expression of DNA damage and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers were assessed. TR particulate emissions consisted of ultrafine particles comprising of a variety of heavy metals. Cellular senescence was induced by NMC-derived TR extracts, but not LFP-derived TR extracts. SAEC treated with the 5-year dose of NMC-derived TR extract, induced significant ROS production. In cells treated with NMC-derived TR extract, regulators of DNA repair and cell cycle arrest were perturbed. Oxidative stress subsequently induced EMT, as SAEC treated with NMC-derived TR particulate emissions reduced E-cadherin expression and upregulated Fascin and Vimentin expression. This study reveals the respiratory implications of TR particulate emissions and the role of battery chemistry.","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143853858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-19DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2025.109489
Stefano Varrella, Silvia Livi, Cinzia Corinaldesi, Luca Castriota, Teresa Maggio, Pietro Vivona, Massimo Pindo, Sebastiano Fava, Roberto Danovaro, Antonio Dell’Anno
In marine environment, non-indigenous species (NIS) can alter natural habitats and cause biodiversity loss with important consequences for ecosystems and socio-economic activities. With more than 1000 NIS introduced over the last century, the Mediterranean Sea is one of the most threatened regions worldwide, requiring an early identification of newly entered alien species for a proper environmental management. Here, we carried out environmental-DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding analyses, using multiple molecular markers (i.e., 18S rRNA, COI and rbcL) and different genetic databases (i.e. NCBI, PR2, SILVA, MIDORI2, MGZDB, BOLD), on seawater and sediment samples collected on a seasonal basis in three Mediterranean ports located in the North Adriatic, Ionian and Tyrrhenian Sea to identify marine species, and particularly NIS. The use of the multi-marker eDNA metabarcoding allowed the identification of a higher number of species compared to the morphological analyses (1484 vs. 752 species), with a minor portion of species shared by both approaches. Overall, only 4 NIS were consistently identified by both morphological and molecular approaches, whereas 27 and 17 NIS were exclusively detected by using eDNA metabarcoding and classical taxonomic analyses, respectively. The eDNA metabarcoding allowed also identifying the genetic signatures of 5 NIS never reported in the Italian waters. We conclude that eDNA metabarcoding can represent a highly sensitive tool for the early identification of NIS, but a comprehensive census of the NIS requires the combination of molecular and morphological approaches.
{"title":"A comprehensive assessment of non-indigenous species requires the combination of multi-marker eDNA metabarcoding with classical taxonomic identification","authors":"Stefano Varrella, Silvia Livi, Cinzia Corinaldesi, Luca Castriota, Teresa Maggio, Pietro Vivona, Massimo Pindo, Sebastiano Fava, Roberto Danovaro, Antonio Dell’Anno","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2025.109489","url":null,"abstract":"In marine environment, non-indigenous species (NIS) can alter natural habitats and cause biodiversity loss with important consequences for ecosystems and socio-economic activities. With more than 1000 NIS introduced over the last century, the Mediterranean Sea is one of the most threatened regions worldwide, requiring an early identification of newly entered alien species for a proper environmental management. Here, we carried out environmental-DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding analyses, using multiple molecular markers (i.e., <em>18S rRNA</em>, <em>COI</em> and <em>rbcL</em>) and different genetic databases (i.e. NCBI, PR2, SILVA, MIDORI2, MGZDB, BOLD), on seawater and sediment samples collected on a seasonal basis in three Mediterranean ports located in the North Adriatic, Ionian and Tyrrhenian Sea to identify marine species, and particularly NIS. The use of the multi-marker eDNA metabarcoding allowed the identification of a higher number of species compared to the morphological analyses (1484 vs. 752 species), with a minor portion of species shared by both approaches. Overall, only 4 NIS were consistently identified by both morphological and molecular approaches, whereas 27 and 17 NIS were exclusively detected by using eDNA metabarcoding and classical taxonomic analyses, respectively. The eDNA metabarcoding allowed also identifying the genetic signatures of 5 NIS never reported in the Italian waters. We conclude that eDNA metabarcoding can represent a highly sensitive tool for the early identification of NIS, but a comprehensive census of the NIS requires the combination of molecular and morphological approaches.","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143853860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Widely used organophosphate (OP) pesticides are shown to be of acute neurotoxicity; however, OP residues were frequently reported to be present in our living surroundings, posing a risk to human health. In this study, the effects of OP pesticides on gut microbiota mediated bile acid metabolism were investigated using a simple batch fermentation in vitro model, in which mouse fecal samples were incubated with six OPs and a mixture of bile acids. Samples were taken during the 24 h incubation and bile acid profiles were quantified by LC-MS/MS. OP treatment induced microbiota dependent alterations of primary and secondary bile acid levels, including especially substantially increased production of ω-muricholate and decreased levels of β-muricholate. As a result, phorate led to the most significant effects on the bile acid profile and was selected for further determination of accompanying effects on the bacterial profile by 16S rRNA sequencing. Results showed that richness of the Muribaculaceae spp. significantly decreased after the exposure to phorate. In summary, OP treatment could lead to perturbation of gut microbiota resulting in correlated changes in related bile acid metabolism.
{"title":"Organophosphate pesticides modulate gut microbiota and influence bile acid metabolism in an in vitro fermentation model","authors":"Weijia Zheng, Wouter Bakker, Maojun Jin, Jing Wang, Ivonne M.C.M. Rietjens","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2025.109469","url":null,"abstract":"Widely used organophosphate (OP) pesticides are shown to be of acute neurotoxicity; however, OP residues were frequently reported to be present in our living surroundings, posing a risk to human health. In this study, the effects of OP pesticides on gut microbiota mediated bile acid metabolism were investigated using a simple batch fermentation in vitro model, in which mouse fecal samples were incubated with six OPs and a mixture of bile acids. Samples were taken during the 24 h incubation and bile acid profiles were quantified by LC-MS/MS. OP treatment induced microbiota dependent alterations of primary and secondary bile acid levels, including especially substantially increased production of ω-muricholate and decreased levels of β-muricholate. As a result, phorate led to the most significant effects on the bile acid profile and was selected for further determination of accompanying effects on the bacterial profile by 16S rRNA sequencing. Results showed that richness of the <em>Muribaculaceae</em> spp. significantly decreased after the exposure to phorate. In summary, OP treatment could lead to perturbation of gut microbiota resulting in correlated changes in related bile acid metabolism.","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143853857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Urban heat island (UHI), attributed to rapid urbanization, might be a latent modifiable risk factor for human health, yet little is known about whether UHI puts a strain on public mental health. This study aimed to assess the effect of the summer UHI on mental health.
Methods
Leveraging 338,363 urban residents from the UK Biobank, this study estimated the associations of summer UHI effect with incidence risks of mental disorders, substance use disorder, depressive disorder, and anxiety disorder using both time-independent and time-dependent Cox regression models with full adjustment for possible confounders. Furthermore, the effects of UHI on related psychiatric symptoms and brain microstructure were explored through logistic regression models and multiple linear regression models, respectively.
Results
In this study, summer UHI was significantly associated with the elevated risks of psychiatric disorders. The hazard ratio with a 95% confidence interval (CI) from the time-dependent Cox model was 1.04 (95% CI, 1.03–1.05) for mental disorders, 1.12 (1.11–1.14) for substance use disorder, 1.08 (1.06–1.10) for depressive disorder, and 1.06 (1.04–1.08) for anxiety disorder per standard deviation of UHI intensity, respectively. Subgroup analyses showed that females and individuals with hypertension or coronary artery disease were more vulnerable to the UHI effect on mental health. The detrimental effects on psychiatric symptoms and white matter microstructure were also observed.
Conclusion
The study suggested UHI could be an environmental stressor and induce a heavier burden on mental health. The effective mitigation of urban heat stress could benefit both public health and sustainable development.
{"title":"Urban heat island impacts on mental health in Middle-Aged and Older Adults","authors":"Yujia Bao, Yongxuan Li, Jiawei Gu, Chen Shen, Yuzheng Zhang, Xiaobei Deng, Lefei Han, Jinjun Ran","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2025.109470","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Background</h3>Urban heat island (UHI), attributed to rapid urbanization, might be a latent modifiable risk factor for human health, yet little is known about whether UHI puts a strain on public mental health. This study aimed to assess the effect of the summer UHI on mental health.<h3>Methods</h3>Leveraging 338,363 urban residents from the UK Biobank, this study estimated the associations of summer UHI effect with incidence risks of mental disorders, substance use disorder, depressive disorder, and anxiety disorder using both time-independent and time-dependent Cox regression models with full adjustment for possible confounders. Furthermore, the effects of UHI on related psychiatric symptoms and brain microstructure were explored through logistic regression models and multiple linear regression models, respectively.<h3>Results</h3>In this study, summer UHI was significantly associated with the elevated risks of psychiatric disorders. The hazard ratio with a 95% confidence interval (CI) from the time-dependent Cox model was 1.04 (95% CI, 1.03–1.05) for mental disorders, 1.12 (1.11–1.14) for substance use disorder, 1.08 (1.06–1.10) for depressive disorder, and 1.06 (1.04–1.08) for anxiety disorder per standard deviation of UHI intensity, respectively. Subgroup analyses showed that females and individuals with hypertension or coronary artery disease were more vulnerable to the UHI effect on mental health. The detrimental effects on psychiatric symptoms and white matter microstructure were also observed.<h3>Conclusion</h3>The study suggested UHI could be an environmental stressor and induce a heavier burden on mental health. The effective mitigation of urban heat stress could benefit both public health and sustainable development.","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143853859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-18DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2025.109487
Shaqiu Zhang , Qianlong Li , Mingshu Wang , Renyong Jia , Shun Chen , Mafeng Liu , Dekang Zhu , Xinxin Zhao , Ying Wu , Qiao Yang , Juan Huang , Xumin Ou , Di Sun , Bin Tian , Yu He , Zhen Wu , Anchun Cheng
Given the escalating public health threat posed by Proteus mirabilis (P. mirabilis) and its rapidly evolving drug resistance, it is imperative to elucidate its global epidemiology and resistance mechanisms through a comprehensive genomic lens. As of August 2024, 3,403 high-quality P. mirabilis genomes were retrieved from public databases (total 3,752), spanning 58 countries/regions, with the United States showing the highest report rate (52.51 %). Human-derived isolates, particularly from urine (34.47 %), were the primary source. A total of 239 antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) were identified in P. mirabilis, with β-lactamase and carbapenemase genes being particularly widespread and isolates from China harboring the highest ARG counts. Globally, P. mirabilis isolates were categorized into 17 distinct clusters, with U.S. isolates showing the widest phylogenetic spread. Minimal SNP variations among isolates from different countries and hosts suggest transnational and cross-host clonal propagation. Frequent clonal transmission was also observed among diverse hosts and clinical sources. P. mirabilis carries numerous integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs), some facilitating ARG dissemination (n = 215). Prophages, though ubiquitous, contributed minimally to ARG spread. Spearman’s analysis revealed significant correlations between ARGs and insertion sequences (ISs), replicons, and ICEs. Ancestral state analysis indicated prophages were mainly acquired horizontally, while other mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were largely clonally transmitted. This study provides the first comprehensive genomic analysis of P. mirabilis’s global resistance landscape, highlighting the need to designate it as a novel antimicrobial resistance indicator and implement long-term surveillance.
{"title":"Genomic analysis of Proteus mirabilis: Unraveling global epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance dissemination − emerging challenges for public health and biosecurity","authors":"Shaqiu Zhang , Qianlong Li , Mingshu Wang , Renyong Jia , Shun Chen , Mafeng Liu , Dekang Zhu , Xinxin Zhao , Ying Wu , Qiao Yang , Juan Huang , Xumin Ou , Di Sun , Bin Tian , Yu He , Zhen Wu , Anchun Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109487","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109487","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Given the escalating public health threat posed by<!--> <em>Proteus mirabilis</em> <!-->(<em>P. mirabilis</em>) and its rapidly evolving drug resistance, it is imperative to elucidate its global epidemiology and resistance mechanisms through a comprehensive genomic lens. As of August 2024, 3,403 high-quality<!--> <em>P. mirabilis</em> <!-->genomes were retrieved from public databases (total 3,752), spanning 58 countries/regions, with the United States showing the highest report rate (52.51 %). Human-derived isolates, particularly from urine (34.47 %), were the primary source. A total of 239 antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) were identified in <em>P. mirabilis</em>, with β-lactamase and carbapenemase genes being particularly widespread and isolates from China harboring the highest ARG counts. Globally,<!--> <em>P. mirabilis</em> <!-->isolates were categorized into 17 distinct clusters, with U.S. isolates showing the widest phylogenetic spread. Minimal SNP variations among isolates from different countries and hosts suggest transnational and cross-host clonal propagation. Frequent clonal transmission was also observed among diverse hosts and clinical sources.<!--> <em>P. mirabilis</em> <!-->carries numerous integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs), some facilitating ARG dissemination (n = 215). Prophages, though ubiquitous, contributed minimally to ARG spread. Spearman’s analysis revealed significant correlations between ARGs and insertion sequences (ISs), replicons, and ICEs. Ancestral state analysis indicated prophages were mainly acquired horizontally, while other mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were largely clonally transmitted. This study provides the first comprehensive genomic analysis of<!--> <em>P. mirabilis</em>’s global resistance landscape, highlighting the need to designate it as a novel antimicrobial resistance indicator and implement long-term surveillance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 109487"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143846983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-18DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2025.109488
Zhitao Wu, Xiaobo Zhang
The rapid escalation of antibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacteria has become a critical global public health threat. Despite the extensive use of antibiotics in medicine, debates on the origins of antibiotic-resistance pathogenic bacterium remain unresolved. In this study, five antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria (S. epidermidis, S. warneri, A. viridans, B. cereus or S. haemolyticus), which could destroy the mouse intestines, were isolated from the deep-sea sediments with the geological ages of 8,008–23,931 years, indicating that the emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens predated the anthropogenic antibiotic use. The deep-sea pathogenic bacteria carried multiple antibiotic-resistant genes in their genomes, which exhibited the antibiotic resistance comparable to those of the current antibiotic-resistant pathogens. During the long history of coexistence with the antibiotic-producing bacterium in the deep sea, the deep-sea pathogenic bacteria evolved the resistance to antibiotics. The antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria were distributed in the deep sea, the extreme ecosystem largely unaffected by human activities. In this context, our findings contributed novel insights into the natural origin and evolution of antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria, providing a foundation for developing sustainable strategies to mitigate the global health challenge of antibiotic resistance.
{"title":"Emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens in ancient deep-sea sediments predates anthropogenic antibiotic use","authors":"Zhitao Wu, Xiaobo Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109488","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109488","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid escalation of antibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacteria has become a critical global public health threat. Despite the extensive use of antibiotics in medicine, debates on the origins of antibiotic-resistance pathogenic bacterium remain unresolved. In this study, five antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria (<em>S. epidermidis</em>, <em>S. warneri</em>, <em>A. viridans</em>, <em>B. cereus</em> or <em>S. haemolyticus</em>), which could destroy the mouse intestines, were isolated from the deep-sea sediments with the geological ages of 8,008–23,931 years, indicating that the emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens predated the anthropogenic antibiotic use. The deep-sea pathogenic bacteria carried multiple antibiotic-resistant genes in their genomes, which exhibited the antibiotic resistance comparable to those of the current antibiotic-resistant pathogens. During the long history of coexistence with the antibiotic-producing bacterium in the deep sea, the deep-sea pathogenic bacteria evolved the resistance to antibiotics. The antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria were distributed in the deep sea, the extreme ecosystem largely unaffected by human activities. In this context, our findings contributed novel insights into the natural origin and evolution of antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria, providing a foundation for developing sustainable strategies to mitigate the global health challenge of antibiotic resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 109488"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143846944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-17DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2025.109461
Tess Goessens , Kokeb Tesfamariam , Patrick Berka Njobeh , Limbikani Matumba , Nyadani Jali-Meleke , Yun Yun Gong , Zdenko Herceg , Chibundu N. Ezekiel , Sarah De Saeger , Carl Lachat , Marthe De Boevre
Background
Aflatoxins are mycotoxins produced by Aspergillus fungi in crops intended for food and feed. Acute exposure to high levels of aflatoxin B1, one of the most toxic mycotoxins, can result in severe poisoning, defined as acute aflatoxicosis, which manifests as acute hepatic failure followed by death in severe cases. Currently global burden estimates of acute aflatoxicosis are lacking – in contrast to burden estimates of chronic exposure – making it difficult to implement and prioritize risk management strategies in the prevention and control of aflatoxin exposure.
Aim
This systematic review assessed global evidence on the incidence and mortality of acute aflatoxicosis from 1990 to 2023. While symptomology & disease duration was also examined, it served as a secondary outcome to provide additional clinical context.
Search Strategy and Eligibility
A structured search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, INASP and grey literature. Studies were imported into Covidence for review.
Study Selection and Extraction
Two independent reviewers screened and extracted titles, abstracts, and full texts. Eligible studies included all human studies.
Results
From 11,539 references, 9 studies were included. Heterogeneity existed in study design, region, age of the study population and aflatoxin analysis. Number of cases ranged from 1 to 317, with aflatoxin concentrations varying widely, i.e. between 10 and 51,100 µg/kg in food, 36 and 209,000 pg/mg albumin in serum, and 19 and 18,521 pg/g in tissue. Only one outbreak provided sufficient data to estimate an attack rate of 8 cases per 100,000. Mortality ranged from 16.2 to 76.5 %, affecting children under 15 and adults over 40 most severely. Common symptoms included vomiting (77–100 %), jaundice (88–100 %), and abdominal pain (8–87 %). The risk of bias was generally low.
Conclusion
This review shows that acute aflatoxicosis remains a significant public health burden, especially among vulnerable groups in African countries, although the variability in studies and lack of standardized reporting make burden estimation difficult, highlighting the need for better warning systems and standardized reporting, despite challenges with infrastructure and resources in affected areas.
{"title":"Incidence and mortality of acute aflatoxicosis: A systematic review","authors":"Tess Goessens , Kokeb Tesfamariam , Patrick Berka Njobeh , Limbikani Matumba , Nyadani Jali-Meleke , Yun Yun Gong , Zdenko Herceg , Chibundu N. Ezekiel , Sarah De Saeger , Carl Lachat , Marthe De Boevre","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109461","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109461","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Aflatoxins are mycotoxins produced by <em>Aspergillus</em> fungi in crops intended for food and feed. Acute exposure to high levels of aflatoxin B1, one of the most toxic mycotoxins, can result in severe poisoning, defined as acute aflatoxicosis, which manifests as acute hepatic failure followed by death in severe cases. Currently global burden estimates of acute aflatoxicosis are lacking – in contrast to burden estimates of chronic exposure – making it difficult to implement and prioritize risk management strategies in the prevention and control of aflatoxin exposure.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This systematic review assessed global evidence on the incidence and mortality of acute aflatoxicosis from 1990 to 2023. While symptomology & disease duration was also examined, it served as a secondary outcome to provide additional clinical context.</div></div><div><h3>Search Strategy and Eligibility</h3><div>A structured search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, INASP and grey literature. Studies were imported into Covidence for review.</div></div><div><h3>Study Selection and Extraction</h3><div>Two independent reviewers screened and extracted titles, abstracts, and full texts. Eligible studies included all human studies.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 11,539 references, 9 studies were included. Heterogeneity existed in study design, region, age of the study population and aflatoxin analysis. Number of cases ranged from 1 to 317, with aflatoxin concentrations varying widely, <em>i.e.</em> between 10 and 51,100 µg/kg in food, 36 and 209,000 pg/mg albumin in serum, and 19 and 18,521 pg/g in tissue. Only one outbreak provided sufficient data to estimate an attack rate of 8 cases per 100,000. Mortality ranged from 16.2 to 76.5 %, affecting children under 15 and adults over 40 most severely. Common symptoms included vomiting (77–100 %), jaundice (88–100 %), and abdominal pain (8–87 %). The risk of bias was generally low.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This review shows that acute aflatoxicosis remains a significant public health burden, especially among vulnerable groups in African countries, although the variability in studies and lack of standardized reporting make burden estimation difficult, highlighting the need for better warning systems and standardized reporting, despite challenges with infrastructure and resources in affected areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 109461"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143845241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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