Environment International最新文献_第2页

Longitudinal associations of long-term exposure to ambient air pollution, residential greenness, and air temperature with type 2 diabetes subphenotypes: Results from the KORA cohort study 长期暴露于环境空气污染、住宅绿化和气温与2型糖尿病亚表型的纵向关联：来自KORA队列研究的结果

IF 11.8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environment International

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2025.110043

Yue Xi, Susanne Breitner-Busch, Qiuling Dong, Kathrin Wolf, Marco Dallavalle, Nikolaos Nikolaou, Josef Cyrys, Harald Grallert, Birgit Linkohr, Wolfgang Rathmann, Christian Herder, Lars Schwettmann, Barbara Thorand, Reiner Jumpertz von Schwartzenberg, Annette Peters

引用次数: 0

The impact of prenatal maternal-fetal metal levels and placental transfer efficiency of metals on neonatal thyroid function: The modulatory role of maternal vitamin D levels in pregnancy 产前母胎金属水平及胎盘金属转移效率对新生儿甲状腺功能的影响：孕期母体维生素D水平的调节作用

IF 9.7 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environment International

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2025.110017

Jixing Zhou , Juan Tong , Chunmei Liang , Jie Sheng , Xiaoyan Wu , Guopeng Gao , Shuangqin Yan , Fangbiao Tao , Kun Huang

Prenatal metal exposure can disrupt the homeostasis of foetal thyroid function. Drawing on data from 2,444 mother–child pairs involved in Ma’anshan birth cohort (MABC) study, we explored the associations of prenatal fourteen metals [arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), thallium (Tl), zinc (Zn), selenium (Se), vanadium (V), cobalt (Co), barium (Ba), molybdenum (Mo), iron (Fe), copper (Cu)] exposure and placental transfer efficiency (PTE) of these metals with thyroid function in newborns by analysing three types of biological samples. We calculated the PTE of metals and performed statistical analysis using multiple linear regression, and weighted quantile sum (WQS), interaction and marginal effects models. Results indicated that the PTE of metals (As, Hg, Mn, Zn, Se, Co, Cu and Fe), maternal Cd, and cord metals (As, Mn, Zn, Se, Co, Cu, and Fe) were positively associated with neonatal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in the adjusted model. The PTE of metals (Mn, Cu, and Fe), maternal Tl, cord metals (Mn, Cu, and Fe) were negatively associated with neonatal free thyroxine (FT₄) levels. The WQS of the metal mixture, measured in both maternal blood and cord blood, as well as the PTE of metals, demonstrated a significant inverse association with FT₄. Among these, maternal Tl and As, cord Cu, and the PTE of Cu made the most substantial contributions to these associations. Potential interactions between maternal vitamin D levels and some metals (PTE of Hg and Fe, maternal Hg, Mn and Fe, cord Tl and Ba) on neonatal TSH and FT₄ were observed. Notably, Hg and Fe exposure were almost significantly associated with neonatal TSH and FT₄ only in the group with maternal vitamin D deficiency.This study reveals that both single and mixed exposures to multiple metals during the prenatal period may affect the thyroid function of the fetus in utero, and highlights the potential key role of the relatively high metal transport efficiency between the mother and the fetus.

产前金属暴露可破坏胎儿甲状腺功能的体内平衡。利用马鞍山出生队列（MABC）研究的2444对母婴数据，通过分析三种类型的生物样本，探讨了产前14种金属[砷（As）、镉（Cd）、汞（Hg）、铅（Pb）、锰（Mn）、铊（Tl）、锌（Zn）、硒（Se）、钒(V)、钴（Co）、钡（Ba）、钼（Mo）、铁（Fe）、铜（Cu）]暴露和这些金属的胎盘转移效率（PTE）与新生儿甲状腺功能的关系。采用多元线性回归、加权分位数和（WQS）、相互作用和边际效应模型计算金属的PTE并进行统计分析。结果表明，在调整后的模型中，金属（As、Hg、Mn、Zn、Se、Co、Cu和Fe）、母体Cd和脐带金属（As、Mn、Zn、Se、Co、Cu和Fe）的PTE与新生儿促甲状腺激素（TSH）水平呈正相关。金属（Mn、Cu和Fe）、母体Tl、脐带金属（Mn、Cu和Fe）的PTE与新生儿游离甲状腺素（FT4）水平呈负相关。在母体血和脐带血中测量的金属混合物的WQS以及金属的PTE均显示与FT4呈显著的负相关。其中，母体Tl和As、脐带Cu和Cu的PTE对这些关联的贡献最大。观察了母体维生素D水平与某些金属（汞和铁的PTE、母体汞、锰和铁、脐带Tl和Ba）对新生儿TSH和FT4的潜在相互作用。值得注意的是，汞和铁暴露与新生儿TSH和FT4几乎显著相关，只有在母亲缺乏维生素D的组中。本研究揭示了孕期单一或混合暴露于多种金属均可能影响胎儿在子宫内的甲状腺功能，并强调了母体与胎儿之间相对较高的金属运输效率可能起着关键作用。

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引用次数: 0

A new NMVOCs emission inventory for China: Impact on O3 and PM2.5 regional simulations and assessment of recent industrial NMVOCs emission abatement policies 中国新型NMVOCs排放清单：近期工业NMVOCs减排政策对O3和PM2.5的影响

IF 9.7 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environment International

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2025.110038

Wendong Ge , Di Wang , Yang Ren , Yuhan Zhou , Xinyang Liu , Dongting Wei , Junfeng Liu

With the increasing ozone (O₃) pollution and slowing down trend of fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) reduction in China in recent years, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as common precursors are playing a more important role, with stronger demand to clarify their emissions, verify their simulations and evaluate their regional influences. This study aims to introduce a comprehensive anthropogenic non-methane VOCs (NMVOCs) emission inventory in China in 2019, comprehensively assess the impact on NMVOCs, O₃ and PM_2.5 simulations, and investigate the effect of recent VOCs-related industrial policies and technologies at a regional scale using the Community Earth System Model version 2 (CESM2). The results show that Jiangsu, Shandong, Zhejiang and Guangdong provinces account for the largest anthropogenic emissions (44 % collectively), and solvent utilization and industrial processes are two dominated sectors of NMVOCs emission sources (>70 % collectively). The hydrocarbon simulations are closer to observations with updated emission inventories. The implementation of NMVOCs emission reduction technologies can effectively reduce most components of NMVOCs in China by over 12 %, and is beneficial to the coordinated control of PM_2.5 (9 % reduction nationally) and O₃ pollutions (2 % reduction nationally) in most regions of China as well as co-benefits for neighboring countries and regions (1 %∼10 % pollutant reductions). This study suggested that the future VOCs control in China needs to focus more on aromatics and alkenes in the Yangtze River Delta and parts of the North China Plain.

近年来，随着中国臭氧（O3）污染的加剧和细颗粒物（PM2.5）减少趋势的放缓，挥发性有机物（VOCs）作为常见的前体发挥着越来越重要的作用，对其排放的澄清、模拟的验证和区域影响的评估需求越来越强。本研究旨在引入2019年中国人为非甲烷VOCs （NMVOCs）排放综合清册，综合评估NMVOCs、O3和PM2.5模拟的影响，并利用社区地球系统模型2 （CESM2）在区域尺度上研究近期VOCs相关产业政策和技术的影响。结果表明：江苏、山东、浙江和广东4个省区的人为排放总量最大（占总排放量的44%），溶剂利用和工业过程是NMVOCs排放的主要来源（占总排放量的70%）。碳氢化合物模拟更接近最新排放清单的观测结果。实施NMVOCs减排技术，可使中国NMVOCs的大部分组分有效减少12%以上，有利于中国大部分地区PM2.5（全国减少9%）和O3（全国减少2%）污染的协同控制，也有利于周边国家和地区的协同控制（污染物减少1% ~ 10%）。研究结果表明，未来中国VOCs的控制重点应放在长三角地区和华北平原部分地区的芳烃类和烯烃类污染物上。

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引用次数: 0

Non-target screening and laboratory experiments reveal the transformation products and negligible trifluoroacetic acid formation potential of PFAS pesticides and pharmaceuticals in wastewater treatment plants 非靶点筛选和实验室实验揭示了PFAS农药和药物在废水处理厂的转化产物和可忽略不计的三氟乙酸形成潜力

IF 9.7 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environment International

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2026.110062

Shaoyang Li , Wenxuan Luo , Zhile Pan , Junjie Li , Xinyu Ma , Yanran Dong , Kuo Zhang , Weiling Sun , Nan Xu

The increasing use of fluorinated pesticides and pharmaceuticals has raised global concerns. Among them, substances containing –CF₃ group are referred to as PFAS pesticides and pharmaceuticals (PFAS PPs) in this study and exhibit higher bioaccumulation and persistence. Moreover, their transformation products (TPs) may enhance their hazards. In this study, actual field monitoring and laboratory simulation experiments were conducted to reveal the occurrence, removal, risk, and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) formation potential of PFAS PPs and TPs in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Five PFAS PPs and twelve TPs were identified in wastewater, among which 7 TPs were detected for the first time in the environment. PFAS pharmaceuticals showed the highest average concentrations (127 ng/L) among 33 classes of PFAS detected in influent. Average removal rates of 17 PFAS PPs and TPs ranged from −76.6% to 81.5%. Activated sludge assays revealed that the negative removal of PFAS PPs was attributed to reconversion of their human metabolites. TPs of PFAS pesticides and PFAS pharmaceuticals exhibited higher bioaccumulation and mobility, respectively. TFA molar yields of the seven PFAS PPs and TPs ranged from 4.7% to 19.8% in the total oxidation precursor assays. However, no TFA formation was observed after biodegradation of the seven PFAS PPs and TPs by activated sludge simulating real conditions, indicating that they are unlikely to be transformed into TFA in real WWTPs. These results reveal the significance of unconventional PFAS PPs and TPs for overall PFAS in wastewater, highlighting the need to move beyond conventional PFAS toward the fast-growing PFAS PPs.

越来越多地使用含氟农药和药品已引起全球关注。其中，含有-CF3基团的物质在本研究中被称为PFAS农药和药物（PFAS PPs），具有较高的生物蓄积性和持久性。此外，它们的转化产物（TPs）可能会增加它们的危害。本研究通过实际现场监测和室内模拟实验，揭示了污水处理厂（WWTPs）中PFAS PPs和TPs的发生、去除、风险和三氟乙酸（TFA）形成潜力。在废水中鉴定出5种PFAS PPs和12种TPs，其中7种TPs为首次在环境中检测到。在进水中检测到的33类PFAS中，PFAS药物的平均浓度最高（127 ng/L）。17种PFAS PPs和tp的平均去除率为- 76.6% ~ 81.5%。活性污泥试验显示，PFAS PPs的负去除归因于其人体代谢物的再转化。PFAS农药的TPs和PFAS药物的TPs分别表现出较高的生物蓄积性和迁移性。在总氧化前体试验中，7种PFAS PPs和tp的TFA摩尔产率从4.7%到19.8%不等。然而，在模拟真实条件的活性污泥生物降解7种PFAS PPs和tp后，没有观察到TFA的形成，这表明它们不太可能在真实的污水处理厂中转化为TFA。这些结果揭示了非常规PFAS PPs和TPs对废水中整体PFAS的重要性，强调了从传统PFAS转向快速增长的PFAS PPs的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Physiologically based kinetic modelling for species extrapolation of toxicokinetic data between small mammals: A systematic evaluation 小型哺乳动物间毒物动力学数据外推的生理动力学建模：系统评价。

IF 9.7 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environment International

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2025.110003

L. Villain , S. Schaller , D. Lefaudeux , L.S. Lautz , M. Siccardi , D. Heckmann

Environmental risk assessment (ERA) necessitates the evaluation of numerous species that cannot be directly tested due to ethical and resource limitations. Thus, cross-species extrapolation of experimental data is essential for ERA, especially in the context of mechanistically informed (next generation) risk assessments. Physiologically based Kinetic (PBK) models allow for cross-species extrapolation of toxicokinetic (TK) data in ecotoxicology, but a systematic evaluation of performance and data requirements for this application is lacking. This study aimed to assess the data requirements and performance of PBK models when extrapolating TK data among small mammals. We parameterized PBK models for three mammal species (Rattus norvegicus, Mus musculus, Oryctolagus cuniculus) in the PK-Sim software and performed cross-species extrapolations for nine compounds, all six possible reference-target species combinations, while systematically omitting available (in vitro) data.

The results indicate a substantial improvement in prediction performance over bodyweight-scaled models, with clearance data contributing most significantly to performance. Notably, a limited in vitro dataset can enable robust extrapolation that approaches the accuracy of a direct fit to the target data. Data from Rattus norvegicus, a common reference species in ecotoxicology, yielded good performance when extrapolating to the other two species. For all three species, prediction accuracy may decline when extrapolating beyond the dose range of the reference dataset or in the presence of saturation effects. The established framework and codebase can be expanded to include additional compounds, species, and administration routes, facilitating a data-efficient ERA with mechanistic models.

环境风险评估（ERA）需要对许多由于伦理和资源限制而无法直接测试的物种进行评估。因此，实验数据的跨物种外推对于ERA至关重要，特别是在机械信息（下一代）风险评估的背景下。基于生理学的动力学（PBK）模型允许生态毒理学中毒物动力学（TK）数据的跨物种外推，但缺乏对该应用的性能和数据要求的系统评估。本研究旨在评估PBK模型外推小型哺乳动物TK数据时的数据需求和性能。我们在PK-Sim软件中参数化了三种哺乳动物（褐家鼠、小家鼠、小家鼠）的PBK模型，并对九种化合物（所有六种可能的参考靶点物种组合）进行了跨物种外推，同时系统地省略了可用的（体外）数据。结果表明，与体重比例模型相比，预测性能有了实质性的提高，其中清除数据对性能的贡献最为显著。值得注意的是，有限的体外数据集可以实现稳健的外推，接近直接拟合目标数据的准确性。褐家鼠是生态毒理学中常用的参考物种，当外推到其他两个物种时，褐家鼠的数据得到了很好的结果。对于这三种物质，当外推超出参考数据集的剂量范围或存在饱和效应时，预测精度可能会下降。可以扩展已建立的框架和代码库，以包括额外的化合物、物种和管理路线，从而促进具有机制模型的数据高效的ERA。

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引用次数: 0

Assessing the severe urban pollution crisis in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina: mobile measurements and source characterization 评估波斯尼亚-黑塞哥维那萨拉热窝的严重城市污染危机：移动测量和来源特征

IF 9.7 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environment International

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2025.110009

Michael Bauer , Jay G. Slowik , Marta Via , Peeyush Khare , Benjamin Chazeau , Kristina Glojek , Manousos Manousakas , Zachary C.J. Decker , Asta Gregorič , Almir Bijedić , Enis Krečinić , Griša Močnik , Katja Džepina , André S.H. Prévôt

Particulate air pollution is the leading environmental risk factor, contributing substantially to global morbidity and mortality. In the Western Balkans, air quality during winter months is among the poorest observed in Europe. Nevertheless, detailed chemical characterization of air pollution in the region remains limited, although such information is essential for identifying emission sources and supporting effective mitigation strategies. Therefore, a mobile measurement campaign was conducted in Sarajevo (Bosnia and Herzegovina) in January 2023 as part of the SArajevo AEROsol Experiment (SAAERO). The spatial distribution and chemical composition of particle- and gas-phase pollutants were investigated using multiple high-resolution instruments. Organic aerosol (OA), as a key component, accounted for 59% of the total submicron particulate matter (PM₁). Source apportionment of the OA using Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) resolved five distinct sources: two solid fuel combustion sources (SFC1 and SFC2), traffic (HOA), cooking (COA), and oxygenated OA (OOA). While daytime variation across the city was limited, an east–west pollution gradient emerged during evening hours, largely driven by SFC. SFC contributions to OA ranged from 45 to 54 % in predominantly residential areas outside the city center and amounted to 35 % in the center. In contrast, COA was highest in the center (14%), spatially aligned with restaurant locations.

These findings show that pollution sources contribute non-uniformly in different parts of Sarajevo especially during evening hours. By combining spatially resolved measurements with source apportionment, this study provides valuable insights into pollution sources and their chemical composition in Sarajevo, a highly polluted but still largely understudied area in Europe.

空气微粒污染是主要的环境风险因素，在很大程度上导致了全球发病率和死亡率。在西巴尔干地区，冬季的空气质量是欧洲最差的。尽管如此，该区域空气污染的详细化学特征仍然有限，尽管此类信息对于确定排放源和支持有效的缓解战略至关重要。因此，作为萨拉热窝气溶胶实验（SAAERO）的一部分，于2023年1月在萨拉热窝（波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那）开展了移动测量运动。利用多台高分辨率仪器研究了颗粒和气相污染物的空间分布和化学成分。有机气溶胶（OA）占亚微米颗粒物（PM1）总量的59%，是关键成分。利用正矩阵分解（PMF）对OA进行了源解析，解析出5种不同的源：两种固体燃料燃烧源（SFC1和SFC2）、交通（HOA）、烹饪（COA）和氧化OA （OOA）。虽然白天在整个城市的变化有限，但在夜间出现了东西向的污染梯度，主要是由SFC驱动的。SFC对市中心以外主要居民区的OA贡献在45%至54%之间，在市中心达到35%。相比之下，COA在中心最高（14%），在空间上与餐厅位置一致。这些调查结果表明，污染源在萨拉热窝不同地区的贡献不均匀，特别是在夜间。通过将空间分辨测量与源解析相结合，本研究为萨拉热窝的污染源及其化学成分提供了有价值的见解，萨拉热窝是欧洲一个高度污染但仍未得到充分研究的地区。

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引用次数: 0

Benchmarking environmental risks of plant protection products: Toward a comparative and systems-based approach in the EU pesticide regulation 植物保护产品的环境风险基准：欧盟农药法规的比较和系统方法

IF 9.7 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environment International

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2025.110013

Paul N. Ozoh , Johan Axelman , Annette Aldrich , Sabine Duquesne , Jonathan Jupke , Matthias Liess , Paula Scharlach , Ayesha Siddique , Susana Loureiro , Ralf B. Schäfer

Environmental risk assessment (ERA) of plant protection products (PPPs) in the European Union is conducted on a substance-by-substance basis. This hampers the comparison of risks across substances, taxa, uses, or ecosystems, thereby limiting the identification of lower-risk alternatives. We propose a conceptual framework for benchmarking, i.e., systematic comparison and ranking of PPPs based on standardised risk profiles. The framework builds on our analyses of key challenges in the current ERA, including heterogeneity in higher-tier data, divergent representative use scenarios, inconsistent time scales, and the absence of a centralised data repository. The framework addresses these issues by promoting consistent criteria, streamlining input variables, and enhancing data integration. The practical applicability is illustrated with a proof-of-concept using Tier 1 aquatic effect data and FOCUS Step 1 exposure. Benchmarking outcomes may be influenced by current gaps in hazard assessment, but the framework is designed for iterative updates and can be extended to biocontrol agents through adjustable endpoints. By leveraging harmonised test methods and existing regulatory data, the framework aims to support science-based, comparative, and adaptive ERA processes. This approach supports a shift from a substance-by-substance review to a comparative, systems-based ERA. Implementing benchmarking would enhance regulatory efficiency, improve transparency, and promote a more sustainable pesticide use in line with biodiversity protection goals.

在欧盟，植物保护产品的环境风险评估（ERA）是按物质进行的。这妨碍了对物质、分类群、用途或生态系统之间的风险进行比较，从而限制了对低风险替代品的识别。我们提出了一个基准测试的概念框架，即基于标准化风险概况对ppp进行系统比较和排名。该框架建立在我们对当前ERA主要挑战的分析之上，包括高层数据的异构性、不同的代表性使用场景、不一致的时间尺度以及缺乏集中的数据存储库。该框架通过促进标准的一致性、简化输入变量和增强数据集成来解决这些问题。通过使用Tier 1水生效应数据和FOCUS Step 1曝光的概念验证来说明实际适用性。基准结果可能受到当前危害评估差距的影响，但该框架旨在进行迭代更新，并可通过可调节的端点扩展到生物防治剂。通过利用统一的测试方法和现有的监管数据，该框架旨在支持基于科学的、比较的和自适应的ERA过程。这种方法支持从逐个物质的审查转变为比较的、基于系统的环境评估。实施基准将提高监管效率，提高透明度，并促进更可持续的农药使用，符合生物多样性保护目标。

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引用次数: 0

Groundwater arsenic in Taiwan: From Mid-20th-Century crisis to predictive models for risk mitigation strategies 台湾地下水砷：从20世纪中期的危机到风险缓解策略的预测模型

IF 9.7 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environment International

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2026.110049

Kai-Yun Li , Joel Podgorski , Ching-Ping Liang , Jui-Sheng Chen , Jui-Yu Chang , Michael Berg

Taiwan’s mid-20th-century Blackfoot disease epidemic highlighted the public health implications of geogenic arsenic in groundwater and prompted extensive water-supply interventions. Despite these measures, arsenic persists in aquifers, continuing to affect drinking water, irrigation, and aquaculture. This study developed a scalable machine learning model to identify areas across Taiwan at risk of groundwater arsenic concentrations exceeding the WHO guideline of 10 µg/L. The model demonstrated robust performance (mean AUC 0.93, balanced accuracy 0.87). A detailed evaluation and interpretation of the principal predictor variables governing arsenic dissolution provides insights into geochemical and hydrogeological controls on mobilization. Furthermore, the resulting hazard map of Taiwan was used to estimate the human population at risk as well as the locations and types of exposed agriculture and aquaculture. Hotspots are clustered in the Chianan, Pingtung and Lanyang plains, where many rural communities still rely on untreated groundwater. Population exposure is substantial, with an estimated 148,000 people at risk in 2023, which is about half the 303,000 reported in 1998. Agricultural impacts are also considerable: >80 % of aquaculture areas, and 33 % of paddy rice fields occur within high-risk zones. Several high-risk zones lie outside Taiwan’s Groundwater Control Areas, revealing regulatory blind spots. By connecting Taiwan’s historical arsenic crisis to novel predictive tools, this work supports evidence-based strategies to reduce current exposures and prevent future public arsenic-related health impacts.

台湾20世纪中期的黑足病流行突出了地下水中地源性砷对公共卫生的影响，并促使了广泛的供水干预措施。尽管采取了这些措施，砷仍然存在于含水层中，继续影响饮用水、灌溉和水产养殖。本研究开发了一个可扩展的机器学习模型，以确定台湾各地地下水砷浓度超过世界卫生组织指导值10 µg/L的风险区域。该模型表现出鲁棒性（平均AUC 0.93，平衡精度0.87）。对控制砷溶解的主要预测变量的详细评价和解释提供了对动员的地球化学和水文地质控制的见解。此外，我们还利用所得到的台湾危害图来估计面临风险的人口，以及受影响的农业和水产养殖业的位置和类型。热点地区集中在黔南、屏东和兰阳平原，那里的许多农村社区仍然依赖未经处理的地下水。人口暴露量很大，估计2023年有14.8万人面临风险，约为1998年报告的30.3万人的一半。对农业的影响也相当大：80% %的水产养殖区和33% %的稻田位于高风险区内。几个高风险区域位于台湾地下水控制区之外，暴露出监管盲区。通过将台湾历史上的砷危机与新的预测工具联系起来，这项工作支持以证据为基础的策略，以减少当前的暴露，并防止未来公众砷相关的健康影响。

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引用次数: 0

Gulls foraging in highly urbanized areas experience disruption in hormones and energetic metabolism 在高度城市化地区觅食的海鸥会经历激素和能量代谢的紊乱

IF 9.7 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environment International

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2025.110012

Coralie Turquois , Marc J. Mazerolle , Sébastien Sauvé , Lounès Haroune , Jonathan Verreault

Studies on birds breeding in highly urbanized environments have reported high plasma levels of a range of halogenated flame retardants (HFRs) and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Exposure of birds to these organohalogens may disrupt hormone regulation and energy metabolism, potentially leading to adverse effects on reproduction and health. While the sources and pathways of exposure to certain of these organohalogens have been documented in several bird populations, little information is available on the exposure-related effects on hormones involved in energy metabolism and their cascading effects on metabolism and energy expenditure. This study aimed to assess the linkages between plasma concentrations of PFAS and HFRs, and thyroid hormones, glucocorticoids, as well as other markers of energy metabolism in nesting ring-billed gulls (Larus delawarensis) for which foraging movements were tracked for three years in the Montreal area (QC, Canada). Plasma HFR and PFAS concentrations did not vary with foraging habitat use patterns, suggesting diffuse urban sources. Plasma HFR and PFAS concentrations were associated with sex-specific hormonal and metabolic responses. Specifically, lipid-derived β-hydroxybutyrate levels in plasma of males significantly decreased with increasing PFAS concentrations, whereas this relationship was positive in females. Furthermore, triiodothyronine (T₃) and β-hydroxybutyrate levels in males and corticosterone in females both significantly increased with those of HFRs. Results suggest that gulls breeding in densely populated urban environments that are highly exposed to organohalogens may experience perturbations of key hormones involved in energy metabolism leading to metabolic effects.

对在高度城市化环境中繁殖的鸟类进行的研究报告了一系列卤化阻燃剂（HFRs）以及全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）的高血浆水平。鸟类接触这些有机卤素可能会破坏激素调节和能量代谢，可能导致对生殖和健康的不利影响。虽然某些有机卤素的来源和暴露途径已在若干鸟类种群中得到记录，但关于暴露对参与能量代谢的激素的影响及其对代谢和能量消耗的级联效应的信息很少。本研究旨在评估环嘴鸥（Larus delawarensis）的血浆PFAS和HFRs浓度与甲状腺激素、糖皮质激素以及其他能量代谢标志物之间的联系，环嘴鸥在蒙特利尔地区（QC, Canada）对其觅食运动进行了三年的跟踪研究。血浆HFR和PFAS浓度不随觅食生境利用模式的变化而变化，提示城市来源分散。血浆HFR和PFAS浓度与性别特异性激素和代谢反应相关。具体来说，男性血浆中脂质来源的β-羟基丁酸水平随着PFAS浓度的增加而显著降低，而女性则呈正相关。此外，男性的三碘甲状腺原氨酸（T3）和β-羟基丁酸盐水平以及女性的皮质酮水平均随HFRs显著升高。结果表明，在人口密集的城市环境中繁殖的海鸥，在高度暴露于有机卤素的环境中，可能会经历参与能量代谢的关键激素的扰动，导致代谢效应。

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引用次数: 0

Large scale biomonitoring of glyphosate and AMPA by analysis of human and animal feces and comparison with urine 通过分析人和动物粪便并与尿液比较，对草甘膦和AMPA进行大规模生物监测

IF 9.7 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environment International

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2025.110021

Jonatan Dias , Ling Yen , Francisco Alcon , Josefa Contreras , Nelson Abrantes , Isabel Campos , Isabelle Baldi , Mathilde Bureau , Florian Christ , Daniele Mandrioli , Daria Sgargi , Igor Pasković , Marija Polić Pasković , Matjaž Glavan , Jakub Hofman , Esperanza Huerta Lwanga , Paula Harkes , Trine Norgaard , Virginia Aparicio , Vera Silva , Hans Mol

Internal exposure of the world’s most used herbicide glyphosate and its environmental metabolite AMPA is commonly assessed by analysis of urine, while excretion is mostly through feces. In this study, we explore the feasibility and effectiveness of feces as an alternative matrix for urine for biomonitoring of these two compounds. A method for the determination of polar pesticides was validated and applied for analysis of 716 human and 249 animal feces samples. The samples were collected in 2021, at study sites in ten European countries and one in Argentina. Detection frequencies (DF) and median concentrations (MC) observed in sub-populations (conventional farmers, organic farmers, neighbors (rural), consumers (not involved in agricultural activities) were compared. Glyphosate was rather common in human feces in 71 % of the samples from the European sites and in 100 % of Argentinean samples. Detection in feces was more frequent than in the corresponding urine samples (35 % for Europe, 86 % for Argentina). MC in feces were 17.6 µg/kg (Europe) and 153 µg/kg (Argentina). Variation in DF and MC between study sites was larger than between pooled sub-populations of all study sites. In farm animals, glyphosate was found in the majority of the feces samples. AMPA was found less frequently, depending on the species and farming system. High concentrations of glyphosate and AMPA in bat feces showed that exposure also occurs at higher trophic levels in ecosystems near the investigated sites. In conclusion, analysis of feces reveals widespread exposure of both humans and animals to glyphosate, wider than so far reported based on urine as matrix.

世界上最常用的除草剂草甘膦及其环境代谢物AMPA的内部暴露通常通过尿液分析来评估，而排泄则主要通过粪便。在这项研究中，我们探讨了粪便作为尿液中这两种化合物生物监测的替代基质的可行性和有效性。建立了一种测定极性农药的方法，并对716份人畜粪便和249份动物粪便进行了分析。这些样本于2021年在10个欧洲国家和1个阿根廷的研究地点收集。在亚人群(传统农民、有机农民、邻居（农村）、消费者（不参与农业活动）中观察到的检测频率（DF）和中位浓度（MC）进行了比较。草甘膦在人类粪便中相当普遍，在71 %的欧洲样本和100 %的阿根廷样本中。粪便中的检测频率高于相应的尿液样本（欧洲为35% %，阿根廷为86 %）。粪便中MC分别为17.6 µg/kg（欧洲）和153 µg/kg（阿根廷）。DF和MC在研究地点之间的差异大于所有研究地点汇总亚群之间的差异。在农场动物中，在大多数粪便样本中发现了草甘膦。AMPA的发现频率较低，这取决于物种和耕作系统。蝙蝠粪便中的高浓度草甘膦和AMPA表明，在所调查地点附近的生态系统中，暴露也发生在较高的营养水平上。总之，对粪便的分析揭示了人类和动物对草甘膦的广泛接触，比迄今为止以尿液为基质的报道更广泛。

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