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Sports medicine: research and practice最新文献

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Promising directions of laboratory diagnostics in spores and fitness 孢子和适合度实验室诊断的有希望的方向
Pub Date : 2021-12-13 DOI: 10.47529/2223-2524.2021.3.8
H. M. Zaharodny, N. V. Sherash, A. N. Budko, N. V. Shvedova
The article describes the main biomarkers for determining human adaptation to physical activity. Analyzed modern scientific publications on the criteria of individual tolerance of food products, studied promising directions of personalized correction of the diet. The authors have formed a group of valid (sports-specific) laboratory indicators, it is proposed to pay close attention to the reference values of laboratory equipment that have “their own” norms. A promising direction of laboratory diagnostic work is the formation of reliable and accessible complementary criteria that are at the “junction” of functional and instrumental diagnostic methods. Metabolomics is viewed as a young but highly effective science for detecting highly specific metabolic characteristics of human health. The authors proposed the main directions of scientific research in laboratory diagnostics in sports.
本文介绍了确定人类对体力活动适应的主要生物标志物。分析了现代科学文献中关于食品个体耐受标准的研究,研究了饮食个性化校正的有前景的方向。笔者形成了一组有效的(体育专项)实验室指标,提出要密切关注有“自己”规范的实验室设备参考值。实验室诊断工作的一个有希望的方向是在功能和仪器诊断方法的“交界处”形成可靠和易于获取的补充标准。代谢组学被认为是一门年轻但非常有效的科学,用于检测人类健康的高度特异性代谢特征。提出了体育实验室诊断学研究的主要方向。
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引用次数: 0
Postural regulation of teenagers performing pop dance, according to stabilometry data 根据稳定测量数据,青少年表演流行舞蹈的姿势调节
Pub Date : 2021-12-09 DOI: 10.47529/2223-2524.2021.3.9
N. G. Konovalova, A. A. Artem`ev, R. E. Axmetzyanov
Knowledge of postural regulation in different sports is useful for sports selection and for improvement of postural stereotypes.Objective: to reveal postural regulation features of teenagers involved in pop dance.Materials and methods: 15 pop dancers involved in dance more than 10 years performed Romberg and optokinetic tests on computer stabilograph “Trust-M Stabilo”.Results: the area and length of the dancers’ statokinesiogram were less than in general sample, statokinesiogram’s pressure center had been dextrally dislocated. Visual disturbances as well as vision deprivation led to statistically significant increase in speed of center of pressure movement along reference plane and in the ratio of statokinesiogram’s length to its area. All these changes were less pronounced than in the general sample.Conclusions: postural regulation of dancers proved to be better than that of healthy people who were not involved in sports.
了解不同运动的体位调节有助于运动选择和体位刻板印象的改善。目的:探讨青少年流行舞蹈的姿势调节特征。材料与方法:15名从事舞蹈10年以上的流行舞者在计算机稳定仪“Trust-M Stabilo”上进行Romberg和光动力学测试。结果:跳舞者的静动图面积和长度均小于一般样本,静动图压力中心发生右向脱位。视觉障碍和视觉剥夺导致压力中心沿参考平面移动的速度和静止运动图的长度与面积之比在统计学上显著增加。与一般样本相比,所有这些变化都不那么明显。结论:跳舞者的姿势调节优于未参加运动的健康人。
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引用次数: 0
Main health impairment in the middle-aged former athletes 中年退役运动员的主要健康损害
Pub Date : 2021-12-09 DOI: 10.47529/2223-2524.2021.3.10
A. Balko
Objective: to obtain the main reasons for seeking medical assistance in the cohort of former athletes.Materials and methods: health records of 116 former athletes (65 males and 51 females), including 30 high qualification sportsmen were examined during 2006–2020. Mean age (M ± m) was 53.9 ± 1.8 in males and 53.9 ± 1.9 years in females. 52.4 % of males and 54.9 % of females had health records in the Center of clinical diagnostics.Results: cardiovascular pathology and musculoskeletal conditions (neck or back pain or osteoarthritis of the knee or hip) were randomly distributed among males (43.1 and 44.7 % of cases), while there was significant predominance of musculoskeletal conditions in females (62.7 %) than cardiovascular diseases (39.2 %). Gastrointestinal pathology was seen in 18.5 and 23.5 % of cases. Polymorbidity was detected in 50 % of males and in 58.6 % of females.Conclusions: age and gender differences in occurrence of cardiovascular and musculoskeletal conditions give the opportunity to realize the preventive strategy in former athletes.
目的:了解退役运动员群体寻求医疗救助的主要原因。材料与方法:对2006-2020年期间116名退役运动员(男65名,女51名)的健康记录进行检查,其中高水平运动员30名。男性平均年龄(M±M)为53.9±1.8岁,女性为53.9±1.9岁。52.4%的男性和54.9%的女性在临床诊断中心有健康记录。结果:心血管病理和肌肉骨骼疾病(颈部或背部疼痛或膝关节或髋关节骨关节炎)在男性中随机分布(分别占43.1%和44.7%),而女性中肌肉骨骼疾病(62.7%)明显高于心血管疾病(39.2%)。胃肠道病变分别占18.5%和23.5%。男性患病率为50%,女性患病率为58.6%。结论:退役运动员心血管和肌肉骨骼疾病发生的年龄和性别差异为实施预防策略提供了契机。
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引用次数: 0
Some eating habits and physical activity of players performing in e-sports 电子竞技选手的一些饮食习惯和身体活动
Pub Date : 2021-11-26 DOI: 10.47529/2223-2524.2021.3.4
Б. Никитюк, В. Кобелькова, М. М. Коростелева, Dmitry B. Nikitjuk, I. Kobel’kova, Margarita M. Korosteleva
Reading the rapidly growing popularity of video games and the accelerating growth of the esports industry requires research into its potential health benefits or harms. The amount of time that esports players spend sitting at computer equipment can have potential negative consequences, including a higher risk of injuries and chronic diseases, of the musculoskeletal system, primarily the muscles of the neck area and cervical spine, visual impairment, and carpal tunnel syndrome. A number of studies have shown that excessive addiction to video games can lead to a wide range of negative mental and then social consequences, such as loss of interest in external activities, social isolation, sleep disturbance, poor academic performance, irritability, aggression, family conflicts, dissatisfaction with everyday life, and decreased memory. Further research in this area is necessary to analyze information about the characteristics of eating behavior, level of physical activity, energy expenditure, body composition of e-sportsmen in order to identify possible potential for improving health, endurance indicators, and sports performance.
电子游戏的迅速普及和电子竞技产业的加速发展需要对其潜在的健康益处或危害进行研究。电子竞技选手坐在电脑设备前的时间可能会产生潜在的负面影响,包括肌肉骨骼系统受伤和慢性疾病的风险更高,主要是颈部和颈椎的肌肉,视力障碍和腕管综合征。许多研究表明,过度沉迷电子游戏会导致一系列负面的心理和社会后果,比如对外部活动失去兴趣、社会孤立、睡眠障碍、学习成绩差、易怒、好斗、家庭冲突、对日常生活不满以及记忆力下降。有必要在这一领域进行进一步的研究,分析电子竞技运动员的饮食行为特征、身体活动水平、能量消耗、身体组成等信息,以确定改善健康、耐力指标和运动表现的可能潜力。
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引用次数: 1
Possibilities of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) use in elite sport 经颅直流电刺激(tDCS)在精英运动中应用的可能性
Pub Date : 2021-11-26 DOI: 10.47529/2223-2524.2021.3.7
С. И. Баршак, М. Д. Дидур, В. Завьялов, О. В. Кара, И. Н. Митин, К. С. Назаров, М. Г. Оганнисян, S. Barshak, Mikhail D. Didur, Vladimir V. Zavialov, Olga V. Kara, I. N. Mitin, K. S. Nazarov, Mkrtich G. Ogannisyan
Transcranial direct current stimulation has proven to be the method that can modulate neural activity in various cases. As this method has been shown to be effective in improving muscular strength, reaction time and accuracy, motor learning, it seems to be promising in elite sports.This paper provides an overview of studies on tDCS and its impact on central nervous system functioning, with an emphasis on potential sports utility. This review demonstrates that the basic mechanism of the effect of tDCS on nervous system functioning is its ability to modulate the excitability of neurons.tDCS is able to influence various components of electrocortical potentials, the amplitude of the motor evoked potential, as well as the mechanisms of long-term potentiation and, as a consequence, the cellular mechanisms of motor learning and neuroplasticity in general. The beneficial effect of tDCS on attention selectivity and signal detection has been noted. It is also shown that tDCS can accelerate learning and enhance performance in a range of complex cognitive tasks.In addition, a number of studies showing that tDCS can increase the efficiency of performing arithmetic and problem solving tasks are considered.In the context of sports, the influence of tDCS over motor areas on motor learning and on the accuracy of voluntary movements seems to be important. Its ability to influence speed and strength indicators, namely, the maximum isometric force of various muscle groups and explosive strength, as well as endurance indicators seems promising, too. The review also shows that tDCS is reasonably safe and that serious adverse effects are extremely rare; the most common adverse effect is local skin irritation due to poor electrode placement.
经颅直流电刺激已被证明是一种在多种情况下可以调节神经活动的方法。由于这种方法已被证明在提高肌肉力量、反应时间和准确性、运动学习方面有效,它似乎在精英运动中很有前途。本文概述了tDCS及其对中枢神经系统功能的影响的研究,重点是潜在的体育用途。这一综述表明,tDCS对神经系统功能影响的基本机制是其调节神经元兴奋性的能力。tDCS能够影响皮层电电位的各个组成部分,运动诱发电位的振幅,以及长期增强机制,从而影响运动学习和一般神经可塑性的细胞机制。tDCS在注意选择性和信号检测方面的有益作用已被注意到。研究还表明,tDCS可以加速学习并提高在一系列复杂认知任务中的表现。此外,许多研究表明,tDCS可以提高执行算术和问题解决任务的效率。在运动的背景下,tDCS对运动区域对运动学习和自主运动准确性的影响似乎很重要。它影响速度和力量指标的能力,即各种肌肉群的最大等距力和爆发力,以及耐力指标似乎也很有希望。审查还表明,tDCS是相当安全的,严重的不良反应极为罕见;最常见的不良反应是由于电极放置不良引起的局部皮肤刺激。
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引用次数: 0
β2-agonists in sports: prevalence and impact on athletic performance β2激动剂在运动中的流行及其对运动成绩的影响
Pub Date : 2021-11-26 DOI: 10.47529/2223-2524.2021.3.6
A. A. Derevoedov, A. Zholinsky, V. Feshchenko, I. Vykhodets, A. Pavlova
Respiratory disorders caused by exercise are expressed in the development of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) and exercise-induced asthma (EIA), which are observed in athletes, especially in cyclic sports, much more often than in the population. Ventilation impairments are exacerbated by inhaled allergens, industrial pollutants and adverse environmental conditions, which increase the risk of EIB and asthma symptoms in athletes. The use of β2-agonists can prevent or eliminate ventilation disorders, however, it requires taking into account current anti-doping rules, which allow the use of certain substances in sports without a request for therapeutic use. The studies of the influence of β2-agonists on functional indicators of athletes and sports performance do not allow to make an unambiguous conclusion about its results. Medications with β2-agonists, approved for use in sports in the form of inhalation, do not have a significant effect on the performance of athletes at major sports competitions. At the same time, the systemic use of these substances and the use of any form of terbutaline caused a positive dynamics in functional indicators, which could lead to an illegal increase in the effectiveness of sports performance. Most of the conclusions about the effect of β2-agonists on outcome are based on a small number of studies, their heterogeneity, and an insignificant number of observations. It is necessary to continue studying the effects of β2-agonists in the course of randomized clinical trials in order to individualize therapy and prevent bronchial obstruction in athletes
运动引起的呼吸系统疾病表现为运动性支气管收缩(EIB)和运动性哮喘(EIA)的发展,这在运动员中,特别是在循环运动中,比在人群中更常见。吸入的过敏原、工业污染物和不利的环境条件加剧了通气障碍,增加了运动员发生EIB和哮喘症状的风险。β2激动剂的使用可以预防或消除通气障碍,然而,这需要考虑到当前的反兴奋剂规则,该规则允许在没有治疗用途的情况下在运动中使用某些物质。关于β2激动剂对运动员功能指标和运动成绩影响的研究并不能对其结果做出明确的结论。含有β2激动剂的药物,被批准以吸入形式用于运动,对运动员在重大体育比赛中的表现没有显著影响。同时,系统使用这些物质和使用任何形式的特布他林在功能指标上造成积极的动态,这可能导致非法提高运动成绩的有效性。大多数关于β2激动剂对预后影响的结论是基于少数研究,它们的异质性和数量微不足道的观察结果。有必要在随机临床试验过程中继续研究β2激动剂的作用,以便个体化治疗和预防运动员支气管阻塞
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引用次数: 0
Some indicators of free radical oxidation and antioxidant protection in the erythrocytes of former athletes 退役运动员红细胞中自由基氧化和抗氧化保护的一些指标
Pub Date : 2021-11-26 DOI: 10.47529/2223-2524.2021.3.5
A. Elikov
Objective: to study the main indicators of free radical oxidation and antioxidant protection in the erythrocytes of former athletes, depending on the period of termination of sports.Materials and methods: 24 former male athletes aged 19–29 years were examined, who were divided into 2 groups of 12 people each (1st group — former athletes who stopped training for up to 2 years; 2nd — over 2 years). The control group consisted of 15 practically healthy untrained student volunteers of the same age. In erythrocytes, spectrophotometrically (spectrophotometer Shimadzu 1240, Japan), the activity of antioxidant enzymes was determined: superoxide dismutase (SOD) (K.F. 1.15.1.1) — by inhibiting the reduction of nitro blue tetrazolium by superoxide anion radical at λ = 540 nm, after preliminary processing of erythrocytes by the method of Dubinina E.E. and others [8]; catalase (K.F. 1.11.1.6) — according to the rate of utilization of hydrogen peroxide at λ = 260 nm; glutathione peroxidase (HP) (KF 1.11.1.9) — by the change in the content of reduced glutathione in samples before and after incubation of the substrate with dithiobis-nitrobenzoic acid at λ = 412 nm; glutathione reductase (GR) (K.F. 1.6.4.2) — according to the catalytic NADPH ∙ H+-dependent transformation of the oxidized form of glutathione into the reduced form, the intensity of which was estimated by the rate of decrease in the extinction of samples at λ = 340 nm, at which the NADPH H+ solution has a maximum light absorption (Warburg test).Results: the direction of the shifts in the state of the oxidative balance was established depending on the period of detraining. A significantly lower value of the total antioxidant activity was revealed in the former athletes of the 1st group. This phenomenon is probably associated with a decrease in the efficiency of the enzymatic link of the antioxidant defense in the absence of regular physical exertion, and, as a consequence, an increased consumption of non-enzymatic antioxidants. It was found that the early post-sports period is characterized by significantly lower, in comparison with the control group, the values of the activity of the first-order enzymes (superoxide dismutase) against the background of the increased activity of the second-order enzymes (catalase).Conclusions: the obtained data can be recommended for monitoring the state of athletes who stopped playing sports and taken into account when prescribing rehabilitation measures for the corresponding contingent.
目的:研究退役运动员红细胞中自由基氧化和抗氧化保护的主要指标,并根据不同的运动终止期进行研究。材料与方法:选取24名年龄在19-29岁的退役男性运动员为研究对象,将其分为2组,每组12人(第一组为停止训练2年以上的退役运动员;第二次-超过2年)。对照组由15名几乎健康、未经训练的同龄学生志愿者组成。在红细胞中,分光光度法(分光光度计岛津1240,日本)测定了抗氧化酶的活性:超氧化物歧化酶(SOD) (K.F. 1.15.1.1) -通过Dubinina E.E.等方法对红细胞进行初步处理后,在λ = 540 nm处,超氧化物阴离子自由基抑制硝基蓝四唑的还原[8];过氧化氢酶(K.F. 1.11.1.6) -根据过氧化氢在λ = 260 nm处的利用率;谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(HP) (KF 1.11.1.9) -通过底物与二硫比-硝基苯甲酸在λ = 412 nm孵育前后样品中还原性谷胱甘肽含量的变化;谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR) (K.F. 1.6.4.2)——根据NADPH∙H+催化谷胱甘肽氧化形式转化为还原形式,其强度由样品在λ = 340 nm处消光下降率估计,在此处NADPH H+溶液具有最大的光吸收(Warburg试验)。结果:确定了氧化平衡状态随去训练时间变化的方向。第一组前运动员的总抗氧化活性明显降低。这种现象可能与缺乏规律体力活动时抗氧化防御的酶链效率下降有关,因此,非酶抗氧化剂的消耗增加。结果发现,与对照组相比,运动后早期的特点是一级酶(超氧化物歧化酶)的活性值明显降低,而二级酶(过氧化氢酶)的活性增加。结论:所得数据可推荐用于监测停止运动的运动员的状态,并在为相应队伍制定康复措施时予以考虑。
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引用次数: 0
The assessment of the structure of anti-doping rules violation and the evaluation of anti-doping measures efficiency in Russian athletics during 2000–2020 2000-2020年俄罗斯田径反兴奋剂规则违规结构评估及反兴奋剂措施效率评价
Pub Date : 2021-11-16 DOI: 10.47529/2223-2524.2021.3.2
E. N. Bezuglov, O. Talibov, V. Khaitin, A. Lazarev
The assessment of the structure and trends of doping perpetrations among athletes with a proven high prevalence of doping use might be of great practical interest. Non-compliance with the zero-tolerance policy towards anti-doping rules violators among sports communities with a high prevalence of doping offenses is the main cause of the ineffective fight against doping.Objective: to analyze the structure of anti-doping rule violations and evaluate the effectiveness of measures to counter the spread of doping in Russian athletics in 2000–2020.Materials and methods: to form an objective picture, a database was collected on all anti-doping rule violators in Russian athletics from 2000 to June 01, 2020 from open sources. Retrospective analysis of the protocols of all official competitions held in Russia since 2000 and included in the RUSAF Unified Schedule was performed.Results: 381 cases of anti-doping rule violation committed during 2000–2020 period by 355 athletes were registered. 25 athletes committed 2 doping offenses and 1 athlete 3 ones. Women perpetrated more offenses than men.Conclusions: our study objectified the doping issue in Russian athletics and evaluated the effectiveness of anti-doping measures. The study indicates the need to stop ignoring zero-tolerance policy principles towards doping offenders among the athletic community and creates an incentive to develop functional mechanisms to combat doping.
对已证实兴奋剂使用率高的运动员使用兴奋剂的结构和趋势进行评估可能具有很大的实际意义。兴奋剂违法高发的体育界不遵守反兴奋剂零容忍政策,是反兴奋剂斗争成效不彰的主要原因。目的:分析2000-2020年俄罗斯田径运动反兴奋剂违规行为的结构,评价反兴奋剂扩散措施的有效性。材料和方法:为了形成一个客观的图片,从2000年到2020年6月1日,从公开来源收集了所有俄罗斯田径反兴奋剂规则违规者的数据库。回顾性分析了自2000年以来在俄罗斯举行的所有正式比赛的协议,并纳入了俄罗斯国际田联统一时间表。结果:共有355名运动员在2000-2020年期间违反反兴奋剂规则381例。25名运动员违反2项兴奋剂规定,1名运动员违反3项兴奋剂规定。女性比男性犯下更多的罪行。结论:本研究客观分析了俄罗斯田径运动中的兴奋剂问题,并对反兴奋剂措施的有效性进行了评价。这项研究表明,有必要停止忽视体育界对兴奋剂违规者的零容忍政策原则,并鼓励发展打击兴奋剂的功能机制。
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引用次数: 0
Psychological prevention of injuries of the musculoskeletal system in elite athletes 优秀运动员肌肉骨骼系统损伤的心理预防
Pub Date : 2021-11-10 DOI: 10.47529/2223-2524.2021.3.3
E. I. Razumets
The article presents a study of traumatic experiences by high-class athletes (members of the Russian national teams). Data on the subjective sensations of athletes who have suffered from injury of the musculoskeletal system are obtained, patterns in the perception of the consequences of an injury event are revealed. Also we present data on the attitude of athletes to injury in the aspect of professional activity. The analyzed information is an important component in the development of personalized programs for the prevention of reinjury in elite sports.Objective: to assess the psychoemotional experiences of sports trauma by elite athletes in the process of rehabilitation treatment after the musculoskeletal system injury.Materials and methods: a specially developed medical and psychological interview was conducted with athletes-members of the sports national Russian Federation teams, who are inpatient treatment in the sports traumatology department, in order to obtain primary subjective information from the athlete about his presentation of his own experiences of a traumatic episode. Further, the information obtained from the interviews was analyzed and grouped for further evaluation.Results: we state the significant influence exerted by the previous traumatic experience on the future life and professional activity of an athlete. Moreover, the influence can be both negative (fear, anxiety, kinesiophobia, uncertainty in sports-specific movements) and positive (acquired skills of coping with traumatic experiences, gaining new knowledge about one’s physical and psychological capabilities).Conclusions: thus, despite the diversity of individual reactions of athletes to injury, different life situations, sports and traumatic events, it is possible to identify general patterns in the perception of elite athletes of the injury itself, as well as the entire process of recovery and return to sports. This information is very important both for minimizing the negative impact of a sports injury on the psychological recovery of an athlete by switching his attention to identifying the “positive” consequences of the injury, and for the prevention of repeated injuries in elite sports.
这篇文章对高水平运动员(俄罗斯国家队成员)的创伤经历进行了研究。数据的主观感觉的运动员谁遭受损伤的肌肉骨骼系统获得,模式在感知的伤害事件的后果被揭示。此外,我们还提供了运动员在专业活动中对受伤态度的数据。所分析的信息是制定预防精英运动员再损伤的个性化方案的重要组成部分。目的:探讨优秀运动员在肌肉骨骼系统损伤康复治疗过程中的运动创伤心理情绪体验。材料和方法:对在运动创伤科住院治疗的俄罗斯联邦国家运动队运动员成员进行了专门制定的医学和心理访谈,以便从运动员那里获得关于他自己的创伤经历的主要主观信息。此外,从访谈中获得的信息进行了分析和分组,以供进一步评价。结果:我们陈述了创伤经历对运动员未来生活和职业活动的显著影响。此外,这种影响可能是消极的(恐惧、焦虑、运动恐惧症、特定运动中的不确定性),也可能是积极的(获得应对创伤经历的技能,获得有关个人身心能力的新知识)。结论:因此,尽管运动员对受伤、不同的生活情境、运动和创伤事件的个体反应存在差异,但有可能识别出精英运动员对受伤本身以及恢复和重返运动的整个过程的一般模式。这些信息对于将运动员的注意力转移到识别受伤的“积极”后果上,从而最大限度地减少运动损伤对心理恢复的负面影响,以及防止精英运动中的重复伤害都非常重要。
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引用次数: 0
Relationship of erythrocyte adrenoreactivity with their quantitative and qualitative characteristics as a method for assessing the rheological properties of blood in athletes 红细胞肾上腺反应性与其定量和定性特征的关系,作为评估运动员血液流变学特性的方法
Pub Date : 2021-11-08 DOI: 10.47529/2223-2524.2021.3.1
A. Dautova, E. Isaeva, V. Shamratova
Objective of the study: prediction of the rheological properties of blood in young men with different levels of motor activity (MA) by assessing the relationship between the adrenergic reactivity of erythrocytes (ARE) with their quantitative and qualitative parameters.Materials and methods: the study involved young men with a low (41 people) and a high level of physical activity (athletes — 20 people), aged 21–23 years. In all subjects, the total, individual characteristics of erythrocytes and ARE were determined. ERS was assessed by the change in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) under the influence of adrenaline in vitro at final concentrations of 10–5; 10–6; 10–7; 10–8; 10–9; 10–11; 10–13 g/ml venous blood. According to the nature of the observed effect, in accordance with the direction of ESR shifts, 3 types of ARE were distinguished: increased ESR in the presence of adrenaline — aggregative (Ar, type 1); no changes — areactive (Ap, type 2); decreased ESR — antiaggregatory (AnAg, type 3).Results: in athletes, inverse correlations of the ARE types were established when exposed to stress concentrations of adrenaline (SCA) (above 10–8 g/ml) with the hemoglobin level (r = –0.59, p = 0.008), the average hemoglobin content in the erythrocyte (r = –0.55, p = 0.016), when exposed to physiological concentrations of adrenaline (PCA) (10–9 g/ml and below) — with the corpuscular volume of erythrocytes (r = –0.51, p = 0.029). In young men with a low level of MA, an inverse correlation was found between the minimum ARE values and the number of erythrocytes (r = –0.36, p = 0.01), and the maximum — with the average concentration of hemoglobin in the cell (r = 0.54, p = 0.04).Conclusion: in young men leading a sedentary lifestyle, the tendency of erythrocytes to aggregate under the influence of adrenaline increases with an increase in their number and intracellular viscosity. In athletes, the predominance of the antiaggregatory type of ARE, and, consequently, more stable rheological properties of erythrocytes and an improvement in microcirculation, are facilitated by a decrease in the size of erythrocytes and an average saturation of cells with hemoglobin.
研究目的:通过评价红细胞肾上腺素能反应性(ARE)与其定量和定性参数之间的关系,预测不同运动活动水平(MA)青年男性血液流变学特性。材料和方法:该研究涉及年龄在21-23岁之间的体力活动水平低(41人)和高(运动员- 20人)的年轻男性。在所有受试者中,测定红细胞和ARE的总体、个体特征。在体外终浓度为10-5的肾上腺素影响下,通过红细胞沉降率(ESR)的变化来评估ERS;10 - 6;10 - 7,结果可达;- 9;年级;静脉血10-13 g/ml。根据观察效果的性质,根据ESR移位的方向,可将ARE区分为3种类型:肾上腺素聚集时ESR升高(Ar, 1型);无变化-反应活性(Ap, 2型);结果:在运动员中,暴露于应激性肾上腺素浓度(SCA)(高于10-8 g/ml)与血红蛋白水平(r = - 0.59, p = 0.008)、红细胞平均血红蛋白含量(r = - 0.55, p = 0.016)、暴露于生理肾上腺素浓度(PCA) (10-9 g/ml及以下)与红细胞体积(r = - 0.51, p = 0.029)的ARE型呈负相关。在MA水平低的年轻男性中,最小ARE值与红细胞数量呈负相关(r = - 0.36, p = 0.01),最大值与细胞中血红蛋白的平均浓度呈负相关(r = 0.54, p = 0.04)。结论:在久坐不动的年轻男性中,红细胞在肾上腺素影响下的聚集倾向随着红细胞数量和细胞内黏度的增加而增加。在运动员中,抗聚集型ARE的优势,以及红细胞更稳定的流变特性和微循环的改善,是由红细胞大小的减小和血红蛋白细胞的平均饱和所促进的。
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引用次数: 1
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Sports medicine: research and practice
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