Metode sequential injection analysis-gas diffusion (SIA-GD) dengan kolorimeter RGB ( red, green, blue ) yang sederhana dan cepat telah berhasil dikembangkan untuk penentuan tiosianat. Metode ini didasarkan pada proses oksidasi tiosianat menjadi sianida dalam suasana asam yang selanjutnya bereaksi dengan ninhidrin membentuk hidrindantin yang diukur pada kisaran panjang gelombang 455-492 nm ( blue ). Waktu stop flow optimum, volume sampel, konsentrasi ninhidrin dan konsentrasi asam secara berurutan sebesar 15 detik, 125 µL, 0,008%, dan 0,1 M. Oksidator optimum yang digunakan adalah Ce(IV) dengan konsentrasi 0,01 M. Kisaran konsentrasi linier 5-45 mg/L. Metode ini tidak diganggu oleh Clˉ hingga konsentrasi 40 mg/L dan HCO 3 ˉ hingga konsentrasi 20 mg/L. Metode yang dikembangkan ini memiliki presisi dan akurasi yang sebanding dengan metode standar.
{"title":"Pengembangan Metode Penentuan Tiosianat Berdasarkan Pembentukan Hidrindantin Menggunakan Sequential Injection Analysis-Gas Diffusion (SIA-GD)","authors":"S. Indriana, Akhmad Sabarudin, Hermin Sulistyarti","doi":"10.18860/al.v5i2.3647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/al.v5i2.3647","url":null,"abstract":"Metode sequential injection analysis-gas diffusion (SIA-GD) dengan kolorimeter RGB ( red, green, blue ) yang sederhana dan cepat telah berhasil dikembangkan untuk penentuan tiosianat. Metode ini didasarkan pada proses oksidasi tiosianat menjadi sianida dalam suasana asam yang selanjutnya bereaksi dengan ninhidrin membentuk hidrindantin yang diukur pada kisaran panjang gelombang 455-492 nm ( blue ). Waktu stop flow optimum, volume sampel, konsentrasi ninhidrin dan konsentrasi asam secara berurutan sebesar 15 detik, 125 µL, 0,008%, dan 0,1 M. Oksidator optimum yang digunakan adalah Ce(IV) dengan konsentrasi 0,01 M. Kisaran konsentrasi linier 5-45 mg/L. Metode ini tidak diganggu oleh Clˉ hingga konsentrasi 40 mg/L dan HCO 3 ˉ hingga konsentrasi 20 mg/L. Metode yang dikembangkan ini memiliki presisi dan akurasi yang sebanding dengan metode standar.","PeriodicalId":31035,"journal":{"name":"Alchemy Journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67621103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Penapisan peptida bioaktif dari hidrolisat kasein susu kambing Etawa yang berpotensi sebagai obat antihipertensi berdasarkan kajian in silico telah dilakukan. Protein yang digunakan adalah α-S1-kasein prekursor [ Capra hircus ] NCBI Reference Sequence : NP_001272624.1, α-S2-kasein prekursor [ C. hircus ] NCBI Reference Sequence : NP_001272514.1, β-kasein [ C. hircus ] NCBI Reference Sequence : AAA30906.1 dan κ-kasein prekursor [ C. hircus ] NCBI Reference Sequence : NP_001272516.1. Perancangan struktur peptida bioaktif dilakukan melalui simulasi hidrolisis enzimatik dengan menggunakan 3 jenis enzim proteolitik (tripsin, kimotripsin dan pepsin) dan dilanjutkan dengan preparasi struktur 3D ligan hasil pemotongan secara in silico . Virtual screening terhadap fragmen peptida dilakukan melalui penentuan nilai drug likeness dan protease inhibitor. Dari 104 fragmen peptida diperoleh 10 kandidat peptida bioaktif yang dilakukan simulasi molecular docking dengan mengeksplorasi daya inhibisi fragmen melalui perhitungan nilai (∆ G binding ) dan interaksi antara kandidat peptida bioaktif dengan residu asam amino pada sisi aktif enzim ACE ( Angiotensin Converting Enzyme) . Sebagai kontrol positif digunakan lisinopril yang merupakan inhibitor ACE komersil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 10 kandidat peptida bioaktif terdapat 6 peptida yang diduga bersifat antihipertensi dengan nilai ∆ G binding yang lebih rendah dari kontrol positif (lisinopril). Keenam peptida tersebut diharapkan dapat berfungsi sebagai obat alternatif antihipertensi.
{"title":"Virtual Screening Peptida Bioaktif Antihipertensi dari Hidrolisat Kasein Susu Kambing Etawa","authors":"S. Hermanto","doi":"10.18860/AL.V5I2.3671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/AL.V5I2.3671","url":null,"abstract":"Penapisan peptida bioaktif dari hidrolisat kasein susu kambing Etawa yang berpotensi sebagai obat antihipertensi berdasarkan kajian in silico telah dilakukan. Protein yang digunakan adalah α-S1-kasein prekursor [ Capra hircus ] NCBI Reference Sequence : NP_001272624.1, α-S2-kasein prekursor [ C. hircus ] NCBI Reference Sequence : NP_001272514.1, β-kasein [ C. hircus ] NCBI Reference Sequence : AAA30906.1 dan κ-kasein prekursor [ C. hircus ] NCBI Reference Sequence : NP_001272516.1. Perancangan struktur peptida bioaktif dilakukan melalui simulasi hidrolisis enzimatik dengan menggunakan 3 jenis enzim proteolitik (tripsin, kimotripsin dan pepsin) dan dilanjutkan dengan preparasi struktur 3D ligan hasil pemotongan secara in silico . Virtual screening terhadap fragmen peptida dilakukan melalui penentuan nilai drug likeness dan protease inhibitor. Dari 104 fragmen peptida diperoleh 10 kandidat peptida bioaktif yang dilakukan simulasi molecular docking dengan mengeksplorasi daya inhibisi fragmen melalui perhitungan nilai (∆ G binding ) dan interaksi antara kandidat peptida bioaktif dengan residu asam amino pada sisi aktif enzim ACE ( Angiotensin Converting Enzyme) . Sebagai kontrol positif digunakan lisinopril yang merupakan inhibitor ACE komersil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 10 kandidat peptida bioaktif terdapat 6 peptida yang diduga bersifat antihipertensi dengan nilai ∆ G binding yang lebih rendah dari kontrol positif (lisinopril). Keenam peptida tersebut diharapkan dapat berfungsi sebagai obat alternatif antihipertensi.","PeriodicalId":31035,"journal":{"name":"Alchemy Journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67621115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kaemferia galanga L. rhizome is a traditional crop which is widely used for herbal medicine. This research is started from the extraction of maceration using ethanol 80% and partition with chloroform:water. 80 % ethanol extract and chloroform fraction tested antioxidant activity with DPPH ( 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) , phytochemicals with reagents, separation of the active compound by TLC ( thin layer chromatography) analytical and preparative TLC, the identification of compounds with sliding reagent using UV-Vis. The test results on the antioxidant activity of 80% ethanol extract of 64,93% (100 ppm) and chloroform fraction of 54,9 % (100 ppm) with indigo IC50 of 13,07 mg/mL and 81,9 mg mL. 80 % ethanol extract and chloroform fraction has potential as a source of natural antioxidants. Phytochemical test showed 80% ethanol extract contains flavonoids, alkaloids and tannins. At the chloroform fraction extract containing flavonoids. The separation of the active compounds with analytical TLC using eluent PE: ethyl acetate (5: 1) resulted in 7 stain (Rf 0,06 to 0,96) and preparative TLC produce 8 spots (Rf from 0,19 to 0,83). Results from UV-Vis spectrum can be presumed that such a class of flavonoid compounds flavanones or dihidroflavonol. It can be seen from the wavelength range 210-285 nm in the bands I and 300-550 nm in band II. The addition of the reagent slide showed the presence of hydroxyl groups in ring A, B and C and O-hydroxy on ring A. Keywords : antioxidant activity, Kaemferia galanga rizhome, sliding reagent, Thin Layer Chromatography, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
{"title":"Antioxidant Activity of Flavonoid from Rhizome Kaemferia galanga L. Extract","authors":"E. K. Hayati, R. Ningsih, Latifah Latifah","doi":"10.18860/al.v4i2.3203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/al.v4i2.3203","url":null,"abstract":"Kaemferia galanga L. rhizome is a traditional crop which is widely used for herbal medicine. This research is started from the extraction of maceration using ethanol 80% and partition with chloroform:water. 80 % ethanol extract and chloroform fraction tested antioxidant activity with DPPH ( 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) , phytochemicals with reagents, separation of the active compound by TLC ( thin layer chromatography) analytical and preparative TLC, the identification of compounds with sliding reagent using UV-Vis. The test results on the antioxidant activity of 80% ethanol extract of 64,93% (100 ppm) and chloroform fraction of 54,9 % (100 ppm) with indigo IC50 of 13,07 mg/mL and 81,9 mg mL. 80 % ethanol extract and chloroform fraction has potential as a source of natural antioxidants. Phytochemical test showed 80% ethanol extract contains flavonoids, alkaloids and tannins. At the chloroform fraction extract containing flavonoids. The separation of the active compounds with analytical TLC using eluent PE: ethyl acetate (5: 1) resulted in 7 stain (Rf 0,06 to 0,96) and preparative TLC produce 8 spots (Rf from 0,19 to 0,83). Results from UV-Vis spectrum can be presumed that such a class of flavonoid compounds flavanones or dihidroflavonol. It can be seen from the wavelength range 210-285 nm in the bands I and 300-550 nm in band II. The addition of the reagent slide showed the presence of hydroxyl groups in ring A, B and C and O-hydroxy on ring A. Keywords : antioxidant activity, Kaemferia galanga rizhome, sliding reagent, Thin Layer Chromatography, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl","PeriodicalId":31035,"journal":{"name":"Alchemy Journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67621069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Water is a substance crucial for human life and industries. The good water must be fulfill some criteria, such as absence of Ca 2+ or Mg 2+ cations. The cations can be reduced by ion exchange process. This study used synthesized zeolite X from bagasse ash as cation exchange for Mg 2+ . Mg ion was used as standard to determine hardness of water by EDTA titration. The analysis showed cation exchange capacity of zeolite X with molar ratio of Si/Al 1; 1,5 and 2 was 1,9. The value indicated zeolite X have high capability as cation absorbents for Mg 2+ ion. Keywords: bagasse ash, cation exchange capacity, magnesium(II), water hardness, zeolite X
{"title":"Cation Exchange Capacity of Zeolite X from Bagasse Ash against Magnesium(II)","authors":"S. Amalia","doi":"10.18860/AL.V4I2.3200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/AL.V4I2.3200","url":null,"abstract":"Water is a substance crucial for human life and industries. The good water must be fulfill some criteria, such as absence of Ca 2+ or Mg 2+ cations. The cations can be reduced by ion exchange process. This study used synthesized zeolite X from bagasse ash as cation exchange for Mg 2+ . Mg ion was used as standard to determine hardness of water by EDTA titration. The analysis showed cation exchange capacity of zeolite X with molar ratio of Si/Al 1; 1,5 and 2 was 1,9. The value indicated zeolite X have high capability as cation absorbents for Mg 2+ ion. Keywords: bagasse ash, cation exchange capacity, magnesium(II), water hardness, zeolite X","PeriodicalId":31035,"journal":{"name":"Alchemy Journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67621008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The salted fish is one that is frequently consumed foods by the general public, but people do not realize that a lot of salted fish in the market that contained formaldehyde that can endanger the health of the body and is a food that is not suitable for consumption. The purpose of this study was to determine the temperature and the time required for formaldehyde in salted fish can be reduced. The formaldehyde method used to reduce level in foods, especially salted fish is by using immersion in water. Soaking dried fish is done by using variations in temperature and immersion time. Stage of the study was initiated with the addition of making salted fish with formalin at a concentration of 4%. The fish used is fresh mullet. Variations in temperature used is 40°C, 50°C, 60°C, and 70°C while the variation of time used is 10, 15, 20 and 25 minutes. The level of formaldehyde was analyzed by acid kromatofat and UV-Vis. The analysis results of formaldehyde levels using UV-Vis is the best temperature to reduce levels of formaldehyde in salted fish is 70 ° C by 80.2% and the best time to reduce levels of formaldehyde that is 25 min for 95.6%. Test statistics using Minitab ANOVA variance variant which shows that the influence of the decreased levels of formaldehyde salted fish and produce temperature and the best time is at a temperature of 70 °C and 25 minutes at a time. Keywords : Mugil chepalus, formaldehyde, salted fish, water solvent
{"title":"The Temperature and Time Influence of Immersion in Water Solvent against Formaldehyde Salted Level Belanak Fish (Mugil cephalus)","authors":"M. Farid, A. Jannah, A. Maunatin","doi":"10.18860/AL.V4I2.3202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/AL.V4I2.3202","url":null,"abstract":"The salted fish is one that is frequently consumed foods by the general public, but people do not realize that a lot of salted fish in the market that contained formaldehyde that can endanger the health of the body and is a food that is not suitable for consumption. The purpose of this study was to determine the temperature and the time required for formaldehyde in salted fish can be reduced. The formaldehyde method used to reduce level in foods, especially salted fish is by using immersion in water. Soaking dried fish is done by using variations in temperature and immersion time. Stage of the study was initiated with the addition of making salted fish with formalin at a concentration of 4%. The fish used is fresh mullet. Variations in temperature used is 40°C, 50°C, 60°C, and 70°C while the variation of time used is 10, 15, 20 and 25 minutes. The level of formaldehyde was analyzed by acid kromatofat and UV-Vis. The analysis results of formaldehyde levels using UV-Vis is the best temperature to reduce levels of formaldehyde in salted fish is 70 ° C by 80.2% and the best time to reduce levels of formaldehyde that is 25 min for 95.6%. Test statistics using Minitab ANOVA variance variant which shows that the influence of the decreased levels of formaldehyde salted fish and produce temperature and the best time is at a temperature of 70 °C and 25 minutes at a time. Keywords : Mugil chepalus, formaldehyde, salted fish, water solvent","PeriodicalId":31035,"journal":{"name":"Alchemy Journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67621060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Binahong ( Anredera cordifolia (Ten.)Steenis) tuber is one of the plant that is not utilized yet for medicine. The aims of this research are to extract Binahong tuber and determine superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of kidney of rat ( RattusNorvegicus ) induced by Aloxsan. Extraction of binahong tuber was conducted by maceration method using 70% ethanol. The ethanol extract was used for therapy of Rat induced by Aloxsan and to determine SOD activity. Measuring of SOD kidney activity was conducted on 6 group of rat are D1 (control), D2 (0,5 % CMC-Na, dose 1 mL/200 g body weight), D3 (aloxsan 32 mg/200g body weight), D4, D5, D6 (aloxan 32 mg/kg body weight with therapy. Doses of extract binahong tuber were 25, 50 and 75 mg/kg body weight, respectively.The results showed that therap y of 70 % ethanol extract of Binahong tuber could increase the SOD activity of rat kidneys. But, after analyzed by ANAVA one way, the therapy did not give a real effect with value of α>0,05 (0,129>0,05). Duncan test showed that there was significant difference between D3 and D4. So the effective dose was 25 mg/kg body weight. Phytochemical test showed that ethanol extract of binahong tuber contained alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tanin and terpenoid. Keywords : Tuber of Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis, Superoxide Dismutase, Alloxan
{"title":"Therapy Effect of Ethanol Extract of Binahong Tuber on Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) of Kidney of Rat Induced by Alloxan","authors":"Silviana Maslakhatul Ummah, H. Hasanah","doi":"10.18860/AL.V4I2.3201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/AL.V4I2.3201","url":null,"abstract":"Binahong ( Anredera cordifolia (Ten.)Steenis) tuber is one of the plant that is not utilized yet for medicine. The aims of this research are to extract Binahong tuber and determine superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of kidney of rat ( RattusNorvegicus ) induced by Aloxsan. Extraction of binahong tuber was conducted by maceration method using 70% ethanol. The ethanol extract was used for therapy of Rat induced by Aloxsan and to determine SOD activity. Measuring of SOD kidney activity was conducted on 6 group of rat are D1 (control), D2 (0,5 % CMC-Na, dose 1 mL/200 g body weight), D3 (aloxsan 32 mg/200g body weight), D4, D5, D6 (aloxan 32 mg/kg body weight with therapy. Doses of extract binahong tuber were 25, 50 and 75 mg/kg body weight, respectively.The results showed that therap y of 70 % ethanol extract of Binahong tuber could increase the SOD activity of rat kidneys. But, after analyzed by ANAVA one way, the therapy did not give a real effect with value of α>0,05 (0,129>0,05). Duncan test showed that there was significant difference between D3 and D4. So the effective dose was 25 mg/kg body weight. Phytochemical test showed that ethanol extract of binahong tuber contained alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tanin and terpenoid. Keywords : Tuber of Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis, Superoxide Dismutase, Alloxan","PeriodicalId":31035,"journal":{"name":"Alchemy Journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67621021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Candy sold in the market could be containing a heavy metals like copper. In this study, candy was destructed with HNO3, HNO3/H2SO4 (3:1) dan HNO3/H2SO4/H2O2 (6:2:1) to know the best matter oxidixer for copper. Then, evaluated the levels of copper using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The one way anove result with F test showed that the best oxidizer for copper in candy is HNO3/H2SO4. The average concentration of Copper in candy coded A, B, C, D, and E were 1. 72 mg/Kg; 1.69 mg/Kg; 1.57 mg/Kg; 1.71 mg/Kg; and 1.69 mg/Kg respectively. The content of copper in candies were the under daily dietary recommended limit based on SNI regulation. Key Words: Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry, candy, matter oxidizer, time stability, wet destruction
{"title":"Analysis of Metal Copper Concentration at Candy using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS)","authors":"E. Rahmawati, D. C. Dewi, A. Fasya, B. Fauziyah","doi":"10.18860/AL.V4I1.3142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/AL.V4I1.3142","url":null,"abstract":"Candy sold in the market could be containing a heavy metals like copper. In this study, candy was destructed with HNO3, HNO3/H2SO4 (3:1) dan HNO3/H2SO4/H2O2 (6:2:1) to know the best matter oxidixer for copper. Then, evaluated the levels of copper using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The one way anove result with F test showed that the best oxidizer for copper in candy is HNO3/H2SO4. The average concentration of Copper in candy coded A, B, C, D, and E were 1. 72 mg/Kg; 1.69 mg/Kg; 1.57 mg/Kg; 1.71 mg/Kg; and 1.69 mg/Kg respectively. The content of copper in candies were the under daily dietary recommended limit based on SNI regulation. Key Words: Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry, candy, matter oxidizer, time stability, wet destruction","PeriodicalId":31035,"journal":{"name":"Alchemy Journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67620188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bamboo grass (Lophatherum gracile B.) is one of weed plants which frequently used as a medicine because it provides active compounds, for instance steroids and tannins. This research was conducted to determine the anticancer activity of extracts and fractions of leaves bamboo grass in inhibiting the growth of breast cancer cells T47D, and to determine the class of the active compounds contained in extracts and fractions which have the lowest IC 50 value from phytochemical test and identification with UV-Vis instruments and FTIR. The extraction of active compound leaves of bamboo grass is done by maceration method using ethanol 80%, hydrolysis and partition with n-hexane and chloroform. Four of the extracts is phytochemical tested and anticancer activity tested towards breast cancer cells T47D with MTT method. The best results of the test activities are performed by the separation of classes of active compounds KLTP and are identified using UV-Vis spectrophotometer and FTIR. The value of IC 50 from 80% ethanol extraction is 321,389, from hydrolysis extraction is 481.984, from the fraction of chloroform is 177.852, and from n-hexane fraction is 300.681 µg / mL. The lowest IC50 which have the best cytotoxic is the fraction of chloroform and n-hexane. The results of phytochemical test fractions of chloroform and n-hexane fraction indicates the tannin and steroids. The identification result by using UV-Vis and FTIR shows that the fraction of chloroform and n-hexane fraction is containing tannin, which isproven by maximum wavelength at 331.6 nm and 331.6 nm allegations of -OH, CH, C=C. Moreover, the existence of steroid compounds in fraction chloroform and n-hexane is shown by the absorption at 279.1 nm and 278.0 nm of wavelength with allegations of -OH, CH, C=C, C-O.
{"title":"Anticancer Activity against Breast Cancer Cells T47D and Identification of Its Compound from Extracts and Fractions of Leaves Bamboo Grass (Lophaterum gracile B.)","authors":"A. Istiqomah, Roihatul Muti’ah, E. K. Hayati","doi":"10.18860/AL.V4I1.3138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/AL.V4I1.3138","url":null,"abstract":"Bamboo grass (Lophatherum gracile B.) is one of weed plants which frequently used as a medicine because it provides active compounds, for instance steroids and tannins. This research was conducted to determine the anticancer activity of extracts and fractions of leaves bamboo grass in inhibiting the growth of breast cancer cells T47D, and to determine the class of the active compounds contained in extracts and fractions which have the lowest IC 50 value from phytochemical test and identification with UV-Vis instruments and FTIR. The extraction of active compound leaves of bamboo grass is done by maceration method using ethanol 80%, hydrolysis and partition with n-hexane and chloroform. Four of the extracts is phytochemical tested and anticancer activity tested towards breast cancer cells T47D with MTT method. The best results of the test activities are performed by the separation of classes of active compounds KLTP and are identified using UV-Vis spectrophotometer and FTIR. The value of IC 50 from 80% ethanol extraction is 321,389, from hydrolysis extraction is 481.984, from the fraction of chloroform is 177.852, and from n-hexane fraction is 300.681 µg / mL. The lowest IC50 which have the best cytotoxic is the fraction of chloroform and n-hexane. The results of phytochemical test fractions of chloroform and n-hexane fraction indicates the tannin and steroids. The identification result by using UV-Vis and FTIR shows that the fraction of chloroform and n-hexane fraction is containing tannin, which isproven by maximum wavelength at 331.6 nm and 331.6 nm allegations of -OH, CH, C=C. Moreover, the existence of steroid compounds in fraction chloroform and n-hexane is shown by the absorption at 279.1 nm and 278.0 nm of wavelength with allegations of -OH, CH, C=C, C-O.","PeriodicalId":31035,"journal":{"name":"Alchemy Journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67620380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alissa Wahidah Wulandari, D. Yuliani, Tri Kustono Adi
Sea cucumber Paracaudina australis crackers is one of the sea foods processed which highly produced and consumed at Kenjeran Surabaya. The research aims to measure concentration of mercury and copper in fried and un-fried sea cucumber Paracaudina australis , Crackers collected from three supplier at Kenjeran Surabaya Using Atomic Absorption S Spectroscopy (AAS). The six sample were oxidized using oxidator agents of HNO 3 Pa, H 2 SO 4 Pa, H 2 O 2 Pa (6:2:1) under wet-closed digestion for Hg analysis and wet-opened digestion for Cu analysis. Vapor generation Accessory (VGA-AAS) was applied for measuring Hg concentration while flame AAS for Cu. The research indicated that Hg concentration in sea cucumber crackers were 0,058; 0,0149; 0,108 ppb (un-fried crackers) and 0,078; 0,074; 0,061 ppb (fried crackers) Cu concentration in sea cucumber crackers was measured as 2,037; 3,05; 3,16 ppm (un-fried crackers) and 1,164; 1,589; 1,924 ppm (fried crackers).
{"title":"Mercury (Hg) and Copper (Cu) Analysis of Sea Cucumber Paracaudina australis Crackers from Kenjeran Surabaya using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy","authors":"Alissa Wahidah Wulandari, D. Yuliani, Tri Kustono Adi","doi":"10.18860/AL.V4I1.3135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/AL.V4I1.3135","url":null,"abstract":"Sea cucumber Paracaudina australis crackers is one of the sea foods processed which highly produced and consumed at Kenjeran Surabaya. The research aims to measure concentration of mercury and copper in fried and un-fried sea cucumber Paracaudina australis , Crackers collected from three supplier at Kenjeran Surabaya Using Atomic Absorption S Spectroscopy (AAS). The six sample were oxidized using oxidator agents of HNO 3 Pa, H 2 SO 4 Pa, H 2 O 2 Pa (6:2:1) under wet-closed digestion for Hg analysis and wet-opened digestion for Cu analysis. Vapor generation Accessory (VGA-AAS) was applied for measuring Hg concentration while flame AAS for Cu. The research indicated that Hg concentration in sea cucumber crackers were 0,058; 0,0149; 0,108 ppb (un-fried crackers) and 0,078; 0,074; 0,061 ppb (fried crackers) Cu concentration in sea cucumber crackers was measured as 2,037; 3,05; 3,16 ppm (un-fried crackers) and 1,164; 1,589; 1,924 ppm (fried crackers).","PeriodicalId":31035,"journal":{"name":"Alchemy Journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67620211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rice bran contains components such as oryzanol antioxidants, tocopherols, tocotrienols, phytosterols, polyphenols, and squalene. Oryzanol is a very powerful antioxidant and oryzanol is only found in rice bran oil. This research aims to know the antioxidant activity of the extract chloroform:methanol in the bran and find the endurance of antioxidant against a wide variety of pH and temperature. The method used is descriptive research through experimental tests in the laboratory. Samples taken from the side of rice mills in the form of bran and then macerated with chloroform: methanol. After that tested the antioxidant activity of the compounds made by the method of DPPH with various concentration 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 ppm. Furthermore, the endurance test of antioxidant compounds at various pH and temperature using the best concentration of antioxidant compounds. Based on the results, rice bran oil extract concentration of 50 ppm has antioxidant activity of 4.69%. Average yield the highest antioxidant activity shown in heating conditions with a temperature of 30oC for 30 minutes is equal to 32.25%. As well as the highest antioxidant activity was also shown at pH 5 in the amount of 25.1%. Keywords: DPPH, Oryzanol, Rice bran
{"title":"Oil Extraction from Rice Bran with Various Solvents and Concentration of Crude Extract to Antioxidant Activity","authors":"Arief Suryadinata","doi":"10.18860/AL.V4I1.3152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/AL.V4I1.3152","url":null,"abstract":"Rice bran contains components such as oryzanol antioxidants, tocopherols, tocotrienols, phytosterols, polyphenols, and squalene. Oryzanol is a very powerful antioxidant and oryzanol is only found in rice bran oil. This research aims to know the antioxidant activity of the extract chloroform:methanol in the bran and find the endurance of antioxidant against a wide variety of pH and temperature. The method used is descriptive research through experimental tests in the laboratory. Samples taken from the side of rice mills in the form of bran and then macerated with chloroform: methanol. After that tested the antioxidant activity of the compounds made by the method of DPPH with various concentration 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 ppm. Furthermore, the endurance test of antioxidant compounds at various pH and temperature using the best concentration of antioxidant compounds. Based on the results, rice bran oil extract concentration of 50 ppm has antioxidant activity of 4.69%. Average yield the highest antioxidant activity shown in heating conditions with a temperature of 30oC for 30 minutes is equal to 32.25%. As well as the highest antioxidant activity was also shown at pH 5 in the amount of 25.1%. Keywords: DPPH, Oryzanol, Rice bran","PeriodicalId":31035,"journal":{"name":"Alchemy Journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67620907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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