Lathe waste contains high iron content potential to be further processed into goethite pigment. The purpose of the research was to determine the effect of synthesis temperature on the structure, colour values, and morphology of goethite pigment. The synthesis was conducted with temperature variations of 60, 70, 80and 90°C. The XRD diffraction pattern shows that crystal structure of the product of all synthesis temperatures are goethite (α-Fe-OOH) with orthorhombic structure. The crystal size of the pigment ranges between 11.17 – 12.32 nm. Colour value analysis shows that product of 70°C synthesis temperature exhibits the highest lightness value about 40.5. Based on SEM-EDX imaging, the morphology of the samples is not uniform and forming agglomerates. Traces of impurities were detected, such as C and Na. Keywords: Iron lathe waste, goethite, temperature, precipitation
{"title":"Synthesis of Goethite (α-FeOOH) Pigment by Precipitation Method from Iron Lathe Waste","authors":"L. M. Khoiroh, E. . Nuraini, N. Aini","doi":"10.18860/AL.V6I2.7106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/AL.V6I2.7106","url":null,"abstract":"Lathe waste contains high iron content potential to be further processed into goethite pigment. The purpose of the research was to determine the effect of synthesis temperature on the structure, colour values, and morphology of goethite pigment. The synthesis was conducted with temperature variations of 60, 70, 80and 90°C. The XRD diffraction pattern shows that crystal structure of the product of all synthesis temperatures are goethite (α-Fe-OOH) with orthorhombic structure. The crystal size of the pigment ranges between 11.17 – 12.32 nm. Colour value analysis shows that product of 70°C synthesis temperature exhibits the highest lightness value about 40.5. Based on SEM-EDX imaging, the morphology of the samples is not uniform and forming agglomerates. Traces of impurities were detected, such as C and Na. Keywords: Iron lathe waste, goethite, temperature, precipitation","PeriodicalId":31035,"journal":{"name":"Alchemy Journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76817232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Ardiansah, A. Cahyana, W. P. Suwarso, Rianti Maryana, Siti Merly
Peroxidase has been successfully extracted and partially purified from Brassica juncea L. Czern root with protein content and specific activity of 0.747 mg/mL and 0.244 U/mg, respectively. Then, it was applied as biocatalyst for green oxidative coupling reaction of eugenol to produce an orange crystal, dimeric form of eugenol (84% yield). Structure elucidation was done by using FTIR, UV-Vis and GC-MS instruments. The optical activity of dimeric eugenol was found to have Ra-configuration. Furthermore, biological activity of the product as antioxidant has been evaluated resulting in IC50 values of 32.14 and 42.43 ppm for dimeric and monomeric eugenol, respectively.
{"title":"Kopling Oksidatif Eugenol Menggunakan Ekstrak Enzim Peroksidase dari Akar Tanaman Sawi Hijau serta Uji Bioaktivitasnya","authors":"B. Ardiansah, A. Cahyana, W. P. Suwarso, Rianti Maryana, Siti Merly","doi":"10.18860/AL.V5I3.3776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/AL.V5I3.3776","url":null,"abstract":"Peroxidase has been successfully extracted and partially purified from Brassica juncea L. Czern root with protein content and specific activity of 0.747 mg/mL and 0.244 U/mg, respectively. Then, it was applied as biocatalyst for green oxidative coupling reaction of eugenol to produce an orange crystal, dimeric form of eugenol (84% yield). Structure elucidation was done by using FTIR, UV-Vis and GC-MS instruments. The optical activity of dimeric eugenol was found to have Ra-configuration. Furthermore, biological activity of the product as antioxidant has been evaluated resulting in IC50 values of 32.14 and 42.43 ppm for dimeric and monomeric eugenol, respectively.","PeriodicalId":31035,"journal":{"name":"Alchemy Journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43143619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Analisis hubungan kuantitatif struktur dan aktivitas (HKSA) dilakukan untuk senyawa turunan triazolopiperazin amida untuk menghibisi enzim DPP IV penyebab diabetes melitus tipe 2. Analisis ini dilakukan dengan pemodelan molekul turunan triazolopiperazin amida dan perhitungan deskriptor HKSA menggunakan metode semiempirik PM3 dengan program Hyperchem O . Analisis data menggunakan metode analisis regresi multilinear untuk parameter elektronik dan molekular dengan program SPSS O . Persamaan terbaik yang diperoleh adalah: -log IC 50 = 79,955 - (11,635*qC1) - (2,094*qC2) - (34,6*qN11) + (797,684*qC15) + (0,288*m) n = 18; r = 0,714; adjusted r 2 = 0,305; F hit / F tab = 1,239; PRESS = 0,017. Berdasarkan persamaan tersebut, senyawa dengan aktivitas terbaik yang diusulkan adalah: ( (2 R )-4-Okso-4-[3-(Trifluorometil)-5,6-dihidro[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3- a ]pirazin-7(8 H )-il]-1-(2-fluoro-4,6-dihidroksofenil)butan-2-amina dengan harga –log IC 50 = 8,601.
定量结构与活性关系（HKSA）分析了三唑哌嗪酰胺下降抑制2型糖尿病引起的DPP-IV酶的相关性。该分析是通过对三唑哌嗪酰胺下降分子建模并使用Hyperchem O程序使用半经验PM3方法计算HKSA描述符来完成的。数据分析采用多元线性回归分析方法，利用SPSS O程序对电子和分子参数进行分析。得到的最佳方程为：-log IC50=77955-（11635*qC1）-（2094*qC2）-（34,6*qN11）+（797684*qC15）+（0288*m）=n=18；r=0714；调整r 2=0305；F命中/F选项卡=1239；按=0.017。基于该方程，所提出的最佳活性化合物为：（（2R）-4-氧代-4-[3-（三氟甲基）-5,6-二氢[1,2,4]三唑并[4,3-a]吡嗪-7（8H）-基]-1-（2-氟-4,6-二羟基苯基）丁-2-胺，log IC 50=8601。
{"title":"ANALISIS HKSA SENYAWA ANTIDIABETIK TURUNAN TRIAZOLOPIPERAZIN AMIDA MENGGUNAKAN METODE SEMIEMPIRIK PM3","authors":"A. Asmara, M.Eng. Mudasir, Dwi Siswanta","doi":"10.18860/al.v5i4.4045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/al.v5i4.4045","url":null,"abstract":"Analisis hubungan kuantitatif struktur dan aktivitas (HKSA) dilakukan untuk senyawa turunan triazolopiperazin amida untuk menghibisi enzim DPP IV penyebab diabetes melitus tipe 2. Analisis ini dilakukan dengan pemodelan molekul turunan triazolopiperazin amida dan perhitungan deskriptor HKSA menggunakan metode semiempirik PM3 dengan program Hyperchem O . Analisis data menggunakan metode analisis regresi multilinear untuk parameter elektronik dan molekular dengan program SPSS O . Persamaan terbaik yang diperoleh adalah: -log IC 50 = 79,955 - (11,635*qC1) - (2,094*qC2) - (34,6*qN11) + (797,684*qC15) + (0,288*m) n = 18; r = 0,714; adjusted r 2 = 0,305; F hit / F tab = 1,239; PRESS = 0,017. Berdasarkan persamaan tersebut, senyawa dengan aktivitas terbaik yang diusulkan adalah: ( (2 R )-4-Okso-4-[3-(Trifluorometil)-5,6-dihidro[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3- a ]pirazin-7(8 H )-il]-1-(2-fluoro-4,6-dihidroksofenil)butan-2-amina dengan harga –log IC 50 = 8,601.","PeriodicalId":31035,"journal":{"name":"Alchemy Journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47551934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tulang vertebrata mengandung 60% kalsium fosfat. yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan dasar hidroksiapatit. Hidroksiapatit merupakan material biokeramik yang memiliki sifat adsorpsi yang baik sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai adsorben. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mengkarakterisasi hidroksiapatit dari beberapa limbah tulang, yaitu tulang sapi, kambing, gurame, dan tongkol. Hidroksiapatit dari limbah tulang sapi dan kambing diisolasi dengan cara kalsinasi pada suhu 1000°C dan diaktivasi menggunakan Na 2 CO 3 . Isolasi hidroksiapatit dari limbah tulang gurame dan tulang tongkol tidak dilakukan kalsinasi hanya digunakan hidrolisis menggunakan NaOH. Karakterisasi menggunakan XRD menunjukkan bahwa telah terbentuk hidroksiapatit kristalin dari hasil isolasi tulang sapi dan kambing, dan terbentuk hidroksiapatit amorf dari hasil isolasi tulang gurame dan tongkol. Perbandingan Ca/P hidroksiapatit hasil isolasi dari tulang sapi, kambing, gurame, dan tongkol, masing-masing adalah 1,71; 1,79; 1,97 dan 1,86. Spektra IR hidroksiapatit menunjukkan adanya gugus –OH, PO 4 3- , dan CO 3 2- . Morfologi permukaan hidroksiapatit hasil isolasi berpori dengan ukuran partikel 1-2 µm.
{"title":"Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Hidroksiapatit dari Limbah Tulang Hewan","authors":"Vina Amalia, Eko Prabowo Hadisantoso, Dede Hidayat, Riska Farah Diba, Muhamad Fahmi Dermawan, Siti Wilamah Tsaniyah","doi":"10.18860/al.v5i4.4705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/al.v5i4.4705","url":null,"abstract":"Tulang vertebrata mengandung 60% kalsium fosfat. yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan dasar hidroksiapatit. Hidroksiapatit merupakan material biokeramik yang memiliki sifat adsorpsi yang baik sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai adsorben. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mengkarakterisasi hidroksiapatit dari beberapa limbah tulang, yaitu tulang sapi, kambing, gurame, dan tongkol. Hidroksiapatit dari limbah tulang sapi dan kambing diisolasi dengan cara kalsinasi pada suhu 1000°C dan diaktivasi menggunakan Na 2 CO 3 . Isolasi hidroksiapatit dari limbah tulang gurame dan tulang tongkol tidak dilakukan kalsinasi hanya digunakan hidrolisis menggunakan NaOH. Karakterisasi menggunakan XRD menunjukkan bahwa telah terbentuk hidroksiapatit kristalin dari hasil isolasi tulang sapi dan kambing, dan terbentuk hidroksiapatit amorf dari hasil isolasi tulang gurame dan tongkol. Perbandingan Ca/P hidroksiapatit hasil isolasi dari tulang sapi, kambing, gurame, dan tongkol, masing-masing adalah 1,71; 1,79; 1,97 dan 1,86. Spektra IR hidroksiapatit menunjukkan adanya gugus –OH, PO 4 3- , dan CO 3 2- . Morfologi permukaan hidroksiapatit hasil isolasi berpori dengan ukuran partikel 1-2 µm.","PeriodicalId":31035,"journal":{"name":"Alchemy Journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43404403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sintesis imina dari vanilin dan anilina dapat dilakukan tanpa pelarut dengan bantuan katalis asam alami dari jeruk nipis (Citrus aurantifolia). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkarakterisasi produk imina dengan variasi volume katalis jeruk nipis. Volume katalis jeruk nipis yang digunakan adalah 0,5; 1,0; 1,5; 2,0; dan 2,5 mL. Produk imina dikarakterisasi berdasarkan bentuk, warna, titik lebur dan rendemen. Produk juga identifikasi menggunakan FTIR dan KG-SM. Sintesis imina menghasilkan P1 sebagai produk terbaik dengan rendemen sebesar 64,12% dan tingkat kemurnian 74,74%. Hasil karakterisasi produk imina berupa padatan yang berwarna kuning dengan titik lebur 150°C. Hasil KG-SM menunjukkan adanya senyawa target sintesis 2-metoksi-4-((fenilimino)metil)fenol pada m/z 227 (M *+ ). Terbentuknya senyawa target diperkuat dengan spektra IR khas senyawa imina (C=N) pada 1584 cm -1 .
{"title":"Green Synthesis Senyawa Imina dari Vanillin and Anilina dengan Katalis Alami Air Jeruk Nipis (Citrus aurantifolia)","authors":"Nurush Shofi al Hakimi, Ahmand Hanapi, A. Fasya","doi":"10.18860/al.v5i4.4706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/al.v5i4.4706","url":null,"abstract":"Sintesis imina dari vanilin dan anilina dapat dilakukan tanpa pelarut dengan bantuan katalis asam alami dari jeruk nipis (Citrus aurantifolia). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkarakterisasi produk imina dengan variasi volume katalis jeruk nipis. Volume katalis jeruk nipis yang digunakan adalah 0,5; 1,0; 1,5; 2,0; dan 2,5 mL. Produk imina dikarakterisasi berdasarkan bentuk, warna, titik lebur dan rendemen. Produk juga identifikasi menggunakan FTIR dan KG-SM. Sintesis imina menghasilkan P1 sebagai produk terbaik dengan rendemen sebesar 64,12% dan tingkat kemurnian 74,74%. Hasil karakterisasi produk imina berupa padatan yang berwarna kuning dengan titik lebur 150°C. Hasil KG-SM menunjukkan adanya senyawa target sintesis 2-metoksi-4-((fenilimino)metil)fenol pada m/z 227 (M *+ ). Terbentuknya senyawa target diperkuat dengan spektra IR khas senyawa imina (C=N) pada 1584 cm -1 .","PeriodicalId":31035,"journal":{"name":"Alchemy Journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45033102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Utilization of molasses as basic material for producing bioethanol becomes one of the promising efforts to fulfill the demand of fuel and diminish the dependence upon fossil fuel that its availability is increasingly rare. However, ethanol produced from fermentation of molasses has low purity. The purity could be increased by using dehydration method and zeolite activated by NaOH and alum as alumina source. The research is aimed to know the dehydration process of bioethanol use NaOH-activated zeolite at various concentration and zeolite weight on the purification of bioethanol. In this research, the experiments could be categorized into 4 groups, they are activation of zeolite, fermentation, distillation, and dehydration process. Activation of natural zeolite performed by entering of sized 120-150 mesh zeolite powder was added to glass beaker that contains NaOH aqueous solution and followed by adding alum which took place at 80 ˚C for 8 hours and the final product calcinated at 600 ˚ C for 2 hour. Fermentation process was managed for 6 days and pH 5. Furthermore, bioethanol was separated by distillation method at 78,5 - 85 ˚C and followed by molecular sieve dehydration using zeolite activated by NaOH solution in variation of zeolite weight (30, 40 and 50 %) and NaOH concentration (1, 2, 3 dan 4 M). The amount of bioethanol was measured by gas chromatography method. Bioethanol concentration as fermentation product is 29,8 %. The result revealed that dehydration with 30% w.t zeolite activated by 2 M NaOH solution had the best activity in bioethanol purification with amount of bioethanol is 53,76 %, Increased Levels of Bioethanol (ILB) value is 80,39 % and Adsorption Capacity of Zeolite (ACZ) is 399,31 %. Keywords: bioethanol, concentration of NaOH, dehydration, molasses, molecular sieve, weight of zeolite
{"title":"Bioethanol Dehydration Process using NaOH-Activated Zeolite at Various Concentration and Zeolite Weight","authors":"David Saidi, A. Jannah, A. Maunatin","doi":"10.18860/AL.V4I1.3140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/AL.V4I1.3140","url":null,"abstract":"Utilization of molasses as basic material for producing bioethanol becomes one of the promising efforts to fulfill the demand of fuel and diminish the dependence upon fossil fuel that its availability is increasingly rare. However, ethanol produced from fermentation of molasses has low purity. The purity could be increased by using dehydration method and zeolite activated by NaOH and alum as alumina source. The research is aimed to know the dehydration process of bioethanol use NaOH-activated zeolite at various concentration and zeolite weight on the purification of bioethanol. In this research, the experiments could be categorized into 4 groups, they are activation of zeolite, fermentation, distillation, and dehydration process. Activation of natural zeolite performed by entering of sized 120-150 mesh zeolite powder was added to glass beaker that contains NaOH aqueous solution and followed by adding alum which took place at 80 ˚C for 8 hours and the final product calcinated at 600 ˚ C for 2 hour. Fermentation process was managed for 6 days and pH 5. Furthermore, bioethanol was separated by distillation method at 78,5 - 85 ˚C and followed by molecular sieve dehydration using zeolite activated by NaOH solution in variation of zeolite weight (30, 40 and 50 %) and NaOH concentration (1, 2, 3 dan 4 M). The amount of bioethanol was measured by gas chromatography method. Bioethanol concentration as fermentation product is 29,8 %. The result revealed that dehydration with 30% w.t zeolite activated by 2 M NaOH solution had the best activity in bioethanol purification with amount of bioethanol is 53,76 %, Increased Levels of Bioethanol (ILB) value is 80,39 % and Adsorption Capacity of Zeolite (ACZ) is 399,31 %. Keywords: bioethanol, concentration of NaOH, dehydration, molasses, molecular sieve, weight of zeolite","PeriodicalId":31035,"journal":{"name":"Alchemy Journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43206763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
TiO 2 Anatase activities should be increased from the UV to the visible light photocatalytic activity of TiO 2 to increase anatas. One efforts to optimize TiO 2 anatase activity is doping by using dopant vanadium(V). Synthesis method which is used in this research is a solid reaction method. The steps being taken in this methods include grinding and heating at high temperatures. Dopant concentrations of vanadium(V) which are used in the research was 0.3%, 0.5% and 0.7%. and the characterization used is X-ray diffraction and UV-Vis Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy. The result shows that there are a changing of particle size, band gap energy, and absorption of TiO 2 anatas wavelength because of dopan vanadium(V) addition. While TiO 2 ’s structure does not change. The crystal sizes of each TiO 2 without doping, V-TiO 2 0,3%, 0,5% and 0,7% are 53.21 nm, 47.67 nm, 79.65 nm dan 68.99 nm. Band gap energy of each TiO 2 without doping, V-TiO 2 0,3%, 0,5% dan 0,7% are 3.309 eV, 3.279 eV, 3.270 eV and 3.259 eV. While wavelength absorption of each TiO 2 without doping, V-TiO 2 0,3%, 0,5% and 0,7% are 374.9 nm, 378.4 nm, 379.5 nm and 380.8 nm. Keywords : Synthesis, titanium dioxide, vanadium(V), solid state method
{"title":"Synthesis and Characterization Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) Doped Vanadium(V) Using Solid State Method","authors":"K. Mustofa, N. Aini, S. N. Khalifah","doi":"10.18860/AL.V4I1.3143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/AL.V4I1.3143","url":null,"abstract":"TiO 2 Anatase activities should be increased from the UV to the visible light photocatalytic activity of TiO 2 to increase anatas. One efforts to optimize TiO 2 anatase activity is doping by using dopant vanadium(V). Synthesis method which is used in this research is a solid reaction method. The steps being taken in this methods include grinding and heating at high temperatures. Dopant concentrations of vanadium(V) which are used in the research was 0.3%, 0.5% and 0.7%. and the characterization used is X-ray diffraction and UV-Vis Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy. The result shows that there are a changing of particle size, band gap energy, and absorption of TiO 2 anatas wavelength because of dopan vanadium(V) addition. While TiO 2 ’s structure does not change. The crystal sizes of each TiO 2 without doping, V-TiO 2 0,3%, 0,5% and 0,7% are 53.21 nm, 47.67 nm, 79.65 nm dan 68.99 nm. Band gap energy of each TiO 2 without doping, V-TiO 2 0,3%, 0,5% dan 0,7% are 3.309 eV, 3.279 eV, 3.270 eV and 3.259 eV. While wavelength absorption of each TiO 2 without doping, V-TiO 2 0,3%, 0,5% and 0,7% are 374.9 nm, 378.4 nm, 379.5 nm and 380.8 nm. Keywords : Synthesis, titanium dioxide, vanadium(V), solid state method","PeriodicalId":31035,"journal":{"name":"Alchemy Journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41873798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Batang jagung merupakan limbah pertanian yang mengandung kadar selulosa tinggi yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai biosorben dalam pemurnian minyak goreng bekas. Penelitian ini akan mempelajari pengaruh konsentrasi asam sulfat dan asam nitrat sebagai aktivator biosorben terhadap penurunan angka peroksida dan asam lemak bebas (ALB) pada proses bleaching . Pembuatan biosorben dari batang jagung dilakukan dengan cara delignifikasi dan aktivasi kimia menggunakan aktivator asam sulfat dan asam nitrat dengan berbagai variasi konsentrasi. Pemurnian minyak goreng bekas dengan cara despicing , netralisasi dan bleaching .Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa biosorben batang jagung teraktivasi H 2 SO 4 dan HNO 3 yang digunakan pada proses bleaching minyak goreng bekas dapat menurunkan angka peroksida dan ALB. Penurunan angka peroksida terbesar pada proses bleaching oleh biosorben teraktivasi H 2 SO 4 10% dan teraktivasi HNO 3 1 M mencapai 9,53% dan 14,12%, berturut-turut. Penurunan terbesar kadar ALB pada proses bleaching sebesar 8,65% pada biosorben teraktivasi H 2 SO 4 20% dan 8,63% pada biosorben teraktivasi HNO 3 1 M. Hasil analisis spektra FTIR biosorben yang telah digunakan pada proses bleaching menunjukan adanya gugus fungsi baru C-H metilen (2855 cm -1 ) dan C=O ester (1742 cm -1 ) yang diduga merupakan peroksida dan ALB yang teradsorpsi secara kimia oleh biosorben. Hasil analisis statisitik ANOVA menunjukan bahwa variasi konsentrasi asam sulfat dan asam nitrat tidak mempunyai pengaruh terhadap penurunan angka peroksida, akan tetapi mempunyai pengaruh terhadap penurunan ALB
玉米棒是一种含有高纤维素水平的农业废物，可以用作有机生物降水用于精炼用过的食用油。这项研究将研究仿生学酸和硝酸盐浓度的影响，因为过氧化氢和自由脂肪酸在漂白剂过程中会下降。玉米茎的生物草本生产是通过化学净化和活化使用硫酸和硝酸盐升华器和各种浓度变化来完成的。通过去除去除、中和和漂白剂的方法对用过的食用油进行消毒，研究表明，在用过的食用油加工中使用的玉米茎生物降解，可以降低过氧化氢和肺泡的数量。生物降解过程中最大的过氧化氢下降是H 2 SO 4 10%， HNO 3 1 1 M激活为9,53%和14.12%。bleaching过程的最大ALB水平减少8,65% 4被激活biosorben H 2如此大的20%和8,63% biosorben激活FTIR HNO 3 1米(3英尺)。结果分析光谱biosorben用于bleaching过程显示了星团的新功能的奇metilen (2855 1742 cm - 1)和C = O艾斯特(据称是过氧化氢,ALB的cm - 1)由biosorben化学teradsorpsi。苯甲酸和硝酸浓度的变化对过氧化氢数字的下降没有影响，而是对ALB的下降有影响
{"title":"Pemanfaatan Biosorben Batang Jagung Teraktivasi Asam Nitrat dan Asam Sulfat untuk Penurunan Angka Peroksida – Asam Lemak Bebas Minyak Goreng Bekas","authors":"Eny Yulianti, Rif'atul Mahmudah, Isna Royana","doi":"10.18860/AL.V5I1.3685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/AL.V5I1.3685","url":null,"abstract":"Batang jagung merupakan limbah pertanian yang mengandung kadar selulosa tinggi yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai biosorben dalam pemurnian minyak goreng bekas. Penelitian ini akan mempelajari pengaruh konsentrasi asam sulfat dan asam nitrat sebagai aktivator biosorben terhadap penurunan angka peroksida dan asam lemak bebas (ALB) pada proses bleaching . Pembuatan biosorben dari batang jagung dilakukan dengan cara delignifikasi dan aktivasi kimia menggunakan aktivator asam sulfat dan asam nitrat dengan berbagai variasi konsentrasi. Pemurnian minyak goreng bekas dengan cara despicing , netralisasi dan bleaching .Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa biosorben batang jagung teraktivasi H 2 SO 4 dan HNO 3 yang digunakan pada proses bleaching minyak goreng bekas dapat menurunkan angka peroksida dan ALB. Penurunan angka peroksida terbesar pada proses bleaching oleh biosorben teraktivasi H 2 SO 4 10% dan teraktivasi HNO 3 1 M mencapai 9,53% dan 14,12%, berturut-turut. Penurunan terbesar kadar ALB pada proses bleaching sebesar 8,65% pada biosorben teraktivasi H 2 SO 4 20% dan 8,63% pada biosorben teraktivasi HNO 3 1 M. Hasil analisis spektra FTIR biosorben yang telah digunakan pada proses bleaching menunjukan adanya gugus fungsi baru C-H metilen (2855 cm -1 ) dan C=O ester (1742 cm -1 ) yang diduga merupakan peroksida dan ALB yang teradsorpsi secara kimia oleh biosorben. Hasil analisis statisitik ANOVA menunjukan bahwa variasi konsentrasi asam sulfat dan asam nitrat tidak mempunyai pengaruh terhadap penurunan angka peroksida, akan tetapi mempunyai pengaruh terhadap penurunan ALB","PeriodicalId":31035,"journal":{"name":"Alchemy Journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48839416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Fasya, Anike Riska Dinasti, Muharromatus Shofiyah, L. Rahmawati, N. Millati, Dany Aulia Safitri, S. Handoko, Ahmad Hanapi, Rachmawati Ningsih
Mikroalga Chlorella sp. adalah tumbuhan tingkat rendah yang mengandung metabolit sekunder yaitu senyawa steroid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan senyawa metabolit sekunder yang terkandung dalam mikroalga Chlorella sp. berdasarkan kelarutannya terhadap pelarut etil asetat dan petroleum eter. Chlorella sp. dikultivasi dalam Media Ekstrak Tauge (MET) 4% dan pemanenannya dilakukan pada hari ke-10. Biomassa hasil panen diukur kadar air dengan teknik termogravimetri dan dimaserasi menggunakan pelarut methanol. Ekstrak kasar hasil maserasi dihidrolisis dengan HCl 2 N dan dipartisi dengan masing-masing pelarut etil asetat dan petroleum eter. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rendemen hasil ekstraksi pada pelarut metanol adalah 21,89 %. Rendemen hasil hidrolisis dan partisi adalah 80,95% untuk fraksi etil asetat dan 50,63% untuk fraksi petroleum eter.
{"title":"Ekstraksi, Hidrolisis dan Partisi Metabolit Sekunder dari Mikroalga Chlorella sp.","authors":"A. Fasya, Anike Riska Dinasti, Muharromatus Shofiyah, L. Rahmawati, N. Millati, Dany Aulia Safitri, S. Handoko, Ahmad Hanapi, Rachmawati Ningsih","doi":"10.18860/al.v5i1.3686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/al.v5i1.3686","url":null,"abstract":"Mikroalga Chlorella sp. adalah tumbuhan tingkat rendah yang mengandung metabolit sekunder yaitu senyawa steroid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan senyawa metabolit sekunder yang terkandung dalam mikroalga Chlorella sp. berdasarkan kelarutannya terhadap pelarut etil asetat dan petroleum eter. Chlorella sp. dikultivasi dalam Media Ekstrak Tauge (MET) 4% dan pemanenannya dilakukan pada hari ke-10. Biomassa hasil panen diukur kadar air dengan teknik termogravimetri dan dimaserasi menggunakan pelarut methanol. Ekstrak kasar hasil maserasi dihidrolisis dengan HCl 2 N dan dipartisi dengan masing-masing pelarut etil asetat dan petroleum eter. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rendemen hasil ekstraksi pada pelarut metanol adalah 21,89 %. Rendemen hasil hidrolisis dan partisi adalah 80,95% untuk fraksi etil asetat dan 50,63% untuk fraksi petroleum eter.","PeriodicalId":31035,"journal":{"name":"Alchemy Journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47007862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Mutiah, Sukardiman Sukardiman, A. Widyawaruyanti, S. Zulaikah
This research aims to find out the anticancer activity of ethanol extract from the roots, leaves, and flowers of Calotropis gigantea . This experiment was conducted by MTT method on T47D breast cancer cell line. The result showed that the root of Calotropis gigantea was more cytotoxic (IC 50 89.76 μg/mL) on T47D breast cancer cell line than the leaves (IC 50 459.51 μg/mL) and the flowers (IC 50 >1000). Based on the result, roots are potent to be chemotherapeutic agent, especially in breast cancer.
{"title":"Comparison of Ethanol Extract from Roots, Leaves, and Flowers of Calotropis gigantea as Anticancer on T47D Breast Cancer Cell Lines","authors":"R. Mutiah, Sukardiman Sukardiman, A. Widyawaruyanti, S. Zulaikah","doi":"10.18860/AL.V5I1.3690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/AL.V5I1.3690","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to find out the anticancer activity of ethanol extract from the roots, leaves, and flowers of Calotropis gigantea . This experiment was conducted by MTT method on T47D breast cancer cell line. The result showed that the root of Calotropis gigantea was more cytotoxic (IC 50 89.76 μg/mL) on T47D breast cancer cell line than the leaves (IC 50 459.51 μg/mL) and the flowers (IC 50 >1000). Based on the result, roots are potent to be chemotherapeutic agent, especially in breast cancer.","PeriodicalId":31035,"journal":{"name":"Alchemy Journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41266743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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