The high protein content in rice bran potential to be developed into food. The purpose of this study was to isolate the protein in rice bran using NaOH solution with various concentration of 0.05; 0.1; 0.15; 0.2 M and characterization of functional properties. The results showed the concentration of 0.2 M NaOH produced the best results. The protein content obtained was 82%, stability of emulsion of 42% and 47% stabilty of foam. Keywords : NaOH, protein, rice bran
{"title":"Isolation and Characterization of Rice Bran Protein Using NaOH Solution","authors":"A. Jannah","doi":"10.18860/AL.V4I1.3160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/AL.V4I1.3160","url":null,"abstract":"The high protein content in rice bran potential to be developed into food. The purpose of this study was to isolate the protein in rice bran using NaOH solution with various concentration of 0.05; 0.1; 0.15; 0.2 M and characterization of functional properties. The results showed the concentration of 0.2 M NaOH produced the best results. The protein content obtained was 82%, stability of emulsion of 42% and 47% stabilty of foam. Keywords : NaOH, protein, rice bran","PeriodicalId":31035,"journal":{"name":"Alchemy Journal of Chemistry","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67620958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, the coagulant from Moringa seeds extracted using NaCl solution. Early stages, Moringa seed powder was extracted using 1M NaCl solution. Variations in sample pH (pH 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10) and variations in coagulant dose (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 mL / L) was conducted to determine the effectiveness of each coagulant at pH test parameters, Total Suspended Solids and Chemical Oxygen Demand-Permanganate method. Characterization of Moringa seed extract solutions include levels of carbohydrates, proteins, fats and amino acids. Characterization results, the carbohydrate content of Moringa seeds extracted with NaCl solution at 909 ppm, the protein 3348 ppm, fat content 800 ppm and it contains 14 kinds of amino acids. Concentration of most amino acids are lysine, which is 0.196%. Coagulant of Moringa seed extract solution of NaCl with an optimum pH of 10 can decreased levels of TSS by 82.3% at a dose of 80 mL / L. Coagulant solution of NaCl extract of Moringa seeds can not reduce levels of COD-Mn. Keywords : Chemical Oxygen Demand-Permanganate, Coagulant, Moringa oleifera, Total Suspended Solids
本研究采用NaCl溶液提取辣木籽中的混凝剂。早期用1M NaCl溶液提取辣木籽粉。通过改变样品pH值(pH 4、5、6、7、8、9和10)和混凝剂剂量(10、20、30、40、50、60、70和80 mL / L)来确定每种混凝剂在pH测试参数、总悬浮物和化学需氧量-高锰酸盐法下的有效性。辣木籽提取物溶液的特征包括碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪和氨基酸的水平。表征结果表明，NaCl溶液提取的辣木籽碳水化合物含量为909 ppm，蛋白质含量为3348 ppm，脂肪含量为800 ppm，含有14种氨基酸。大部分氨基酸的浓度为赖氨酸，为0.196%。在最佳pH为10的辣木籽浸膏NaCl混凝溶液中，添加80 mL / l的辣木籽浸膏NaCl混凝溶液不能降低COD-Mn水平，可使TSS水平降低82.3%。关键词:化学需氧量高锰酸盐，混凝剂，辣木，总悬浮物
{"title":"Utilization of NaCl Solution of Moringa Oleifera Seed Extract as Natural Coagulant at Liquid Waste at PT. Cheil Jedang Indonesia – Jombang","authors":"Wadziatir Rizqi, E. Yulianti, A. Jannah","doi":"10.18860/AL.V4I1.3141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/AL.V4I1.3141","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the coagulant from Moringa seeds extracted using NaCl solution. Early stages, Moringa seed powder was extracted using 1M NaCl solution. Variations in sample pH (pH 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10) and variations in coagulant dose (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 mL / L) was conducted to determine the effectiveness of each coagulant at pH test parameters, Total Suspended Solids and Chemical Oxygen Demand-Permanganate method. Characterization of Moringa seed extract solutions include levels of carbohydrates, proteins, fats and amino acids. Characterization results, the carbohydrate content of Moringa seeds extracted with NaCl solution at 909 ppm, the protein 3348 ppm, fat content 800 ppm and it contains 14 kinds of amino acids. Concentration of most amino acids are lysine, which is 0.196%. Coagulant of Moringa seed extract solution of NaCl with an optimum pH of 10 can decreased levels of TSS by 82.3% at a dose of 80 mL / L. Coagulant solution of NaCl extract of Moringa seeds can not reduce levels of COD-Mn. Keywords : Chemical Oxygen Demand-Permanganate, Coagulant, Moringa oleifera, Total Suspended Solids","PeriodicalId":31035,"journal":{"name":"Alchemy Journal of Chemistry","volume":"4 1","pages":"60-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67620562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zeolite Synthesis Y is done using sol-gel method on the molar composition of 10Na 2 O: 15 SiO 2 : x Al 2 O 3 : 300 H 2 O with Si/Al on ratio of 2,43 and hydrothermal temperatures variations of 60, 80 and 100 °C. Characterization includes XRD to discover crystallinity and the purity of zeolite, FTIR for the analysis of functional groups and of the surface width with the adsorption of methylene blue. XRD result shows that the formed zeolites Y is still mixed with zeolite P, the best result in synthesis with hydrothermal temperatures of 80 °C. FTIR analysis showsthat all zeolite synthesis contain a common functionO-Si-O/O-Al-O and double ring. The surface area of zeolite Y at 60, 80 and 100 °C is 22,5522; 23,0603 and22,9898m 2 /gram. Keywords : Bagasse, sol-gel, temperature hydrothermal, zeolite Y
分子筛的摩尔组成为10Na 2o: 15 sio2: x Al 2o3: 300 h2o，硅铝比为2,43，水热温度分别为60、80和100℃，采用溶胶-凝胶法制备。表征包括XRD来发现沸石的结晶度和纯度，FTIR用于分析官能团和亚甲基蓝吸附后的表面宽度。XRD结果表明，形成的Y型沸石仍与P型沸石混合，在水热温度为80℃时合成效果最好。FTIR分析表明，所有合成的沸石都含有一个共同的功能- si - o /O-Al-O和双环。沸石Y在60、80、100℃时的比表面积分别为22、5522;23,0603和22,9898米2 /克。关键词:甘蔗渣，溶胶-凝胶，温度水热，Y型沸石
{"title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Zeolite Y From Bagasse Ash with Hydrothermal Temperatures Variations Using The Sol-Gel Method","authors":"S. Ali, S. Amalia, A. Fasya","doi":"10.18860/AL.V4I1.3069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/AL.V4I1.3069","url":null,"abstract":"Zeolite Synthesis Y is done using sol-gel method on the molar composition of 10Na 2 O: 15 SiO 2 : x Al 2 O 3 : 300 H 2 O with Si/Al on ratio of 2,43 and hydrothermal temperatures variations of 60, 80 and 100 °C. Characterization includes XRD to discover crystallinity and the purity of zeolite, FTIR for the analysis of functional groups and of the surface width with the adsorption of methylene blue. XRD result shows that the formed zeolites Y is still mixed with zeolite P, the best result in synthesis with hydrothermal temperatures of 80 °C. FTIR analysis showsthat all zeolite synthesis contain a common functionO-Si-O/O-Al-O and double ring. The surface area of zeolite Y at 60, 80 and 100 °C is 22,5522; 23,0603 and22,9898m 2 /gram. Keywords : Bagasse, sol-gel, temperature hydrothermal, zeolite Y","PeriodicalId":31035,"journal":{"name":"Alchemy Journal of Chemistry","volume":"4 1","pages":"88-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67620601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenylprop-2-en-1-one has been synthezed using aldol condensation reaction from vanillin. The research aims to incrase the potency of vanillin as antioxidant. The synthesis was carried out using reflux method at 70 °C for 1,5 hours at various moles between vanillin and acetophenone i.e. 1:1; 1:1,5; and 1,5:1. The products were characterized by TLC, FTIR, GC-MS and evaluated for their antioxidant potential using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay. The best product was obtained by various moles between vanillin and acetophenone at 1:1,5 as a bright yellow solid with a melting point at 65 °C; 76.56 % yield; and 87.02 % purities, with IC 50 of the product is 0.179 mM. Keywords: aldol condensation, antioxidant, vanillin
{"title":"Synthesis of 3-(4-Hydroxy-3-Metoxyphenyil)-1-Phenyl-2-Propen-1-On and its Antioxidant Activity Assay using DPPH","authors":"Yuzkiya Azizah, A. Hanapi, Tri Kustono Adi","doi":"10.18860/AL.V4I1.3150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/AL.V4I1.3150","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenylprop-2-en-1-one has been synthezed using aldol condensation reaction from vanillin. The research aims to incrase the potency of vanillin as antioxidant. The synthesis was carried out using reflux method at 70 °C for 1,5 hours at various moles between vanillin and acetophenone i.e. 1:1; 1:1,5; and 1,5:1. The products were characterized by TLC, FTIR, GC-MS and evaluated for their antioxidant potential using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay. The best product was obtained by various moles between vanillin and acetophenone at 1:1,5 as a bright yellow solid with a melting point at 65 °C; 76.56 % yield; and 87.02 % purities, with IC 50 of the product is 0.179 mM. Keywords: aldol condensation, antioxidant, vanillin","PeriodicalId":31035,"journal":{"name":"Alchemy Journal of Chemistry","volume":"4 1","pages":"67-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67620743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Studied the characteristics of natural zeolite catalysts activated and modifications and catalytic activity in the isomerization of glucose. Natural zeolite was activated by NH 4 NO 3 2 M obtained catalyst HZA. While modification using 0,24 M Sn metal impregnated on HZA obtained catalyst Sn-HZA. At this stage, hydrothermal process carried out at temperature of 90 °C for 12 hours followed by calcination at temperature of 500 °C for 4 hours. The characterization includes the XRD analysis, SEM-EDAX analysis, acidity by ammonia method, and surface area by adsorption of methylene blue method. Glucose conversion was obtained through analysis of polarimeter at hour-0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 with temperature variation of 110, 120, and 130 °C. Solution which had the highest conversion resulted by polarimeter was analyzed by HPLC. XRD analysis showed that there were no changes in the structure of zeolite after activation and modification process. SEM-EDAX analysis showed that morphology of the zeolite surface is not damaged and Sn metal was successfully impregnated 6,94 %. The activity of HZA and Sn-HZA was 1,4850 mmol/g and 2,3145 mmol/g. while the surface area of HZA and Sn-HZA was 11,4077 m 2 /g and 11,4738 m 2 /g. Using the Sn-HZA catalyst with the reaction temperature of 120 °C provides the highest conversion of glucose and fructose selectivity. It were 14,0733 % w/v and 0,646 % w/v. Keywords : Catalyst, glucose, isomerization, natural zeolite, Sn metal.
{"title":"Utilization of Natural Zeolite Catalyst Impregnated Sn Metal in Glucose Isomerization With Temperature Variations","authors":"Dwiditya Pamungkas, S. Amalia, S. N. Khalifah","doi":"10.18860/AL.V4I1.3151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/AL.V4I1.3151","url":null,"abstract":"Studied the characteristics of natural zeolite catalysts activated and modifications and catalytic activity in the isomerization of glucose. Natural zeolite was activated by NH 4 NO 3 2 M obtained catalyst HZA. While modification using 0,24 M Sn metal impregnated on HZA obtained catalyst Sn-HZA. At this stage, hydrothermal process carried out at temperature of 90 °C for 12 hours followed by calcination at temperature of 500 °C for 4 hours. The characterization includes the XRD analysis, SEM-EDAX analysis, acidity by ammonia method, and surface area by adsorption of methylene blue method. Glucose conversion was obtained through analysis of polarimeter at hour-0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 with temperature variation of 110, 120, and 130 °C. Solution which had the highest conversion resulted by polarimeter was analyzed by HPLC. XRD analysis showed that there were no changes in the structure of zeolite after activation and modification process. SEM-EDAX analysis showed that morphology of the zeolite surface is not damaged and Sn metal was successfully impregnated 6,94 %. The activity of HZA and Sn-HZA was 1,4850 mmol/g and 2,3145 mmol/g. while the surface area of HZA and Sn-HZA was 11,4077 m 2 /g and 11,4738 m 2 /g. Using the Sn-HZA catalyst with the reaction temperature of 120 °C provides the highest conversion of glucose and fructose selectivity. It were 14,0733 % w/v and 0,646 % w/v. Keywords : Catalyst, glucose, isomerization, natural zeolite, Sn metal.","PeriodicalId":31035,"journal":{"name":"Alchemy Journal of Chemistry","volume":"4 1","pages":"79-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67620821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Extraction, Toxicity Assay and Identification ofActive Compounds of Red Algae Extract (Eucheuma cottonii ) from Tanjung Sumenep Madura was analysed. Extraction of active compound was conducted by maceration method using methanol as a solvent. The methanol extract was hydrolyzed with HCl 2 N. The result was partitioned using five solvents (1-butanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform, petroleum ether and n-hexane). Toxicity level was determined by Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). The identification of the active compound was analyzed by phytochemical test, qualitatively. The result showed that the 1-butanol is the best solvent to extract active compounds of red algae E. Cottonii in partition process. 1-Butanol fraction gives the highest activity of toxicity with LC 50 70,32 ppm. LC 50 value for ethyl acetate, chloroform, petroleum ether and n-hexane was 143,43; 194,40; 195,28; 303,66; and 634,97 ppm, respectively. Identification of active compounds indicated that 1-butanol fraction contains steroids and alkaloids. Keywords : Eucheuma cottonii , extraction, Brine Shrimp Lethality Test, phythochemical
{"title":"Extraction, Toxicity Assay and Identification of Active Compounds of Red Algae (Eucheuma cottonii) from Sumenep Madura","authors":"S. Afif, A. Fasya, R. Ningsih","doi":"10.18860/AL.V4I2.3199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/AL.V4I2.3199","url":null,"abstract":"Extraction, Toxicity Assay and Identification ofActive Compounds of Red Algae Extract (Eucheuma cottonii ) from Tanjung Sumenep Madura was analysed. Extraction of active compound was conducted by maceration method using methanol as a solvent. The methanol extract was hydrolyzed with HCl 2 N. The result was partitioned using five solvents (1-butanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform, petroleum ether and n-hexane). Toxicity level was determined by Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). The identification of the active compound was analyzed by phytochemical test, qualitatively. The result showed that the 1-butanol is the best solvent to extract active compounds of red algae E. Cottonii in partition process. 1-Butanol fraction gives the highest activity of toxicity with LC 50 70,32 ppm. LC 50 value for ethyl acetate, chloroform, petroleum ether and n-hexane was 143,43; 194,40; 195,28; 303,66; and 634,97 ppm, respectively. Identification of active compounds indicated that 1-butanol fraction contains steroids and alkaloids. Keywords : Eucheuma cottonii , extraction, Brine Shrimp Lethality Test, phythochemical","PeriodicalId":31035,"journal":{"name":"Alchemy Journal of Chemistry","volume":"4 1","pages":"101-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67620975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Red alge Euchema cottonii is one of the biological source that has benefits. The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of antibacterial red algae Eucheuma cottonii extract . Isolation of active compounds was performed by maceration method using methanol. The methanol extract was hydrolyzed using HCl 2 N and partitioned by ethyl acetate, chloroform, petroleum ether and n -hexane solvents. The antibacterial assessment was determined using disc diffusion method againts bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli . Identification of active compound was conducted by reagents test. The results showed that the best solvent to extract algae was methanol with 20.7% rendemen. The methanol extract 4% gives the highest inhibition at concentrations was 7.85 mm; followed by n -hexane and chloroform were 1.0 and 0.6 mm. However, bath ethyl acetate and petroleum ether extract depicted no inhibition zone. The identification test showed the presence of flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids and alkaloids in the methanol extract. The extract of n-hexane contained triterpenoids and alkaloids, while the chloroform extract contained flavonoids, triterpenoids and alkaloids. Keyword s : Euchema cottonii , antibacterial, disc diffusion
{"title":"Antibacterial Activity of the Red Algae Eucheuma cottonii Extract from Tanjung Coast, Sumenep Madura","authors":"Zulli Andriani, A. Fasya, A. Hanapi","doi":"10.18860/AL.V4I2.3197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/AL.V4I2.3197","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Red alge Euchema cottonii is one of the biological source that has benefits. The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of antibacterial red algae Eucheuma cottonii extract . Isolation of active compounds was performed by maceration method using methanol. The methanol extract was hydrolyzed using HCl 2 N and partitioned by ethyl acetate, chloroform, petroleum ether and n -hexane solvents. The antibacterial assessment was determined using disc diffusion method againts bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli . Identification of active compound was conducted by reagents test. The results showed that the best solvent to extract algae was methanol with 20.7% rendemen. The methanol extract 4% gives the highest inhibition at concentrations was 7.85 mm; followed by n -hexane and chloroform were 1.0 and 0.6 mm. However, bath ethyl acetate and petroleum ether extract depicted no inhibition zone. The identification test showed the presence of flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids and alkaloids in the methanol extract. The extract of n-hexane contained triterpenoids and alkaloids, while the chloroform extract contained flavonoids, triterpenoids and alkaloids. Keyword s : Euchema cottonii , antibacterial, disc diffusion","PeriodicalId":31035,"journal":{"name":"Alchemy Journal of Chemistry","volume":"4 1","pages":"93-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67620968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Beberapa bahan alam seperti vanilin, sinamaldehida dan eugenol sangat berpotensi sebagai bahan dasar sintesis senyawa dengan sistem terkonjugasi panjang yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai antioksidan, bahan aktif tabir surya dan indikator titrasi asam-basa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil sintesis senyawa 4-hidroksi-3-metoksi-5-(fenildiazenil) serta mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan dari senyawa 4-hidroksi-3-metoksi-5-(fenildiazenil) benzaldehida terhadap DPPH. Sintesis senyawa yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan dengan pembuatan garam benzenadiazonium klorida. Garam benzenadiazonium selanjutnya direaksikan dengan vanilin pada suhu 0-5 °C. Senyawa hasil sintesis diuji kemurniannya dengan mengukur titik lelehnya. Uji aktivitas antioksidan terhadap DPPH dengan variasi konsentrasi (K) yaitu: 25, 50, 100, 200, dan 500 ppm. Reaksi kopling diazo antara senyawa vanilin dengan ion benzenadiazonium menghasilkan senyawa 4-hidroksi-3-metoksi-5-(fenildiazenil)benzaldehida yang masih belum murni. Senyawa produk sintesis berupa padatan berwarna coklat kehitaman dengan rendemen 88,54% dan titik lebur 100°C. Senyawa hasil sintesis memiliki aktivitas antioksidan. Aktivitas antioksidan senyawa hasil sintesis masih tergolong sangat lemah karena masih berupa campuran dan masih memerlukan proses optimalisasi dan pemisahan.
{"title":"SINTESIS SENYAWA 4-HIDROKSI-3-METOKSI-5-(FENILDIAZENIL) BENZALDEHIDA DAN UJI AKTIFITAS ANTIOKSIDANNYA TERHADAP DPPH","authors":"A. Fasya, Ahmad Hanapi, Riza Ayu Putri Ningseh","doi":"10.18860/AL.V0I1.2908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/AL.V0I1.2908","url":null,"abstract":"Beberapa bahan alam seperti vanilin, sinamaldehida dan eugenol sangat berpotensi sebagai bahan dasar sintesis senyawa dengan sistem terkonjugasi panjang yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai antioksidan, bahan aktif tabir surya dan indikator titrasi asam-basa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil sintesis senyawa 4-hidroksi-3-metoksi-5-(fenildiazenil) serta mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan dari senyawa 4-hidroksi-3-metoksi-5-(fenildiazenil) benzaldehida terhadap DPPH. Sintesis senyawa yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan dengan pembuatan garam benzenadiazonium klorida. Garam benzenadiazonium selanjutnya direaksikan dengan vanilin pada suhu 0-5 °C. Senyawa hasil sintesis diuji kemurniannya dengan mengukur titik lelehnya. Uji aktivitas antioksidan terhadap DPPH dengan variasi konsentrasi (K) yaitu: 25, 50, 100, 200, dan 500 ppm. Reaksi kopling diazo antara senyawa vanilin dengan ion benzenadiazonium menghasilkan senyawa 4-hidroksi-3-metoksi-5-(fenildiazenil)benzaldehida yang masih belum murni. Senyawa produk sintesis berupa padatan berwarna coklat kehitaman dengan rendemen 88,54% dan titik lebur 100°C. Senyawa hasil sintesis memiliki aktivitas antioksidan. Aktivitas antioksidan senyawa hasil sintesis masih tergolong sangat lemah karena masih berupa campuran dan masih memerlukan proses optimalisasi dan pemisahan.","PeriodicalId":31035,"journal":{"name":"Alchemy Journal of Chemistry","volume":"1 1","pages":"101-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67619898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Al Qur’an surat Luqman ayat 10 menyebutkan bahwa Allah menciptakan tumbuh-tumbuhan yang bermanfaat bagi manusia. Chlorella sp. merupakan jenis mikroalga yang mengandung komponen bioaktif sebagai antioksidan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan fraksi etil asetat, kloroform, petroleum eter dan n-heksana hasil hidrolisis ekstrak metanol mikroalga Chlorellasp., serta mengetahui golongan senyawa yang terdapat pada ekstrak mikroalga Chlorellasp. hasil identifikasi dari uji reagen dan kromatografi lapis tipis. Chlorella sp . dikultivasi dalam MET 4 % dan pemanenan dilakukan pada hari ke-10. Chlorella sp . dimaserasi menggunakan metanol dan dihidrolisis dengan katalis HCl 2N. Selanjutnya dipartisi menggunakan pelarut n-heksana, petroleum eter, kloroform, dan etil asetat.Uji aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan dengan metode DPPH secara spektrofotometri UV-Vis . Identifikasi golongan senyawa aktif dilakukan dengan uji reagen dan KLTA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai EC 50 ekstrak metanol Chlorella sp ., fraksi etil asetat, kloroform, petroleum eter, n-heksana, danfasa air berturut-turut 1.334; 332,7; 182; 27,26; 173,7; dan 1.411 ppm. Hasil identifikasi golongan senyawa aktif dengan uji reagen dan KLTA menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak Chlorella sp . mengandung steroid dan asam askorbat. Eluen yang baik untuk KLT steroid adalah n-heksana:aseton (7:3) dan n-heksana:etil asetat (7:3). Eluen terbaik untuk KLT asam askorbat adalah etanol p.a.:asam asetat 10% (9:1).
{"title":"UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN FRAKSI ETIL ASETAT, KLOROFORM, PETROLEUM ETER, DAN N-HEKSANA HASIL HIDROLISIS EKSTRAK METANOL MIKROALGA Chlorella sp.","authors":"Ony Novia Anggraeni, A. Fasya, Ahmad Hanapi","doi":"10.18860/AL.V0I1.2911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/AL.V0I1.2911","url":null,"abstract":"Al Qur’an surat Luqman ayat 10 menyebutkan bahwa Allah menciptakan tumbuh-tumbuhan yang bermanfaat bagi manusia. Chlorella sp. merupakan jenis mikroalga yang mengandung komponen bioaktif sebagai antioksidan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan fraksi etil asetat, kloroform, petroleum eter dan n-heksana hasil hidrolisis ekstrak metanol mikroalga Chlorellasp., serta mengetahui golongan senyawa yang terdapat pada ekstrak mikroalga Chlorellasp. hasil identifikasi dari uji reagen dan kromatografi lapis tipis. Chlorella sp . dikultivasi dalam MET 4 % dan pemanenan dilakukan pada hari ke-10. Chlorella sp . dimaserasi menggunakan metanol dan dihidrolisis dengan katalis HCl 2N. Selanjutnya dipartisi menggunakan pelarut n-heksana, petroleum eter, kloroform, dan etil asetat.Uji aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan dengan metode DPPH secara spektrofotometri UV-Vis . Identifikasi golongan senyawa aktif dilakukan dengan uji reagen dan KLTA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai EC 50 ekstrak metanol Chlorella sp ., fraksi etil asetat, kloroform, petroleum eter, n-heksana, danfasa air berturut-turut 1.334; 332,7; 182; 27,26; 173,7; dan 1.411 ppm. Hasil identifikasi golongan senyawa aktif dengan uji reagen dan KLTA menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak Chlorella sp . mengandung steroid dan asam askorbat. Eluen yang baik untuk KLT steroid adalah n-heksana:aseton (7:3) dan n-heksana:etil asetat (7:3). Eluen terbaik untuk KLT asam askorbat adalah etanol p.a.:asam asetat 10% (9:1).","PeriodicalId":31035,"journal":{"name":"Alchemy Journal of Chemistry","volume":"1 1","pages":"173-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67619654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ampas tahu merupakan residu proses pembuatan tahu. Ampas tahu yang dihasilkan dalam proses pembuatan tahu cukup melimpah. Pemanfaatan ampas tahu selama ini dapat digunakan sebagai pakan ternak dan tempe gembos. Alternatif lain untuk memanfaatkan ampas tahu adalah dengan menjadikannya sebagai bahan dasar dalam pembuatan karbon aktif karena kandungan serat ampas tahu berkisar 50 %. Proses pembuatan karbon aktif dalam penelitian ini melalui 4 tahapan yaitu proses pengeringan ampas tahu selama 7 hari di bawah terik matahari, proses aktivasi kimia menggunakan aktivator larutan NaCl dengan variasi konsentrasi 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, dan 25 %, proses karbonisasi ampas tahu teraktivasi NaCl pada suhu 500 dan pencucian karbon aktif dari ampas tahu dengan menggunakan HCl 1 M. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi aktivator terhadap luas permukaan karbon aktif dari ampas tahu menggunakan metode adsorpsi methylene blue dan dilanjutkan uji ANOVA one way dan uji LSD ( Least Significance Different ) dengan taraf uji 1 %. Hasil karbon aktif yang mempunyai luas permukaan terbaik pada adsorpsi methylene blue dan berbeda nyata dari hasil uji LSD dilakukan analisis morfologi dan analisis komposisi unsur-unsur yang terkandung pada permukaan dengan menggunakan SEM-EDX (Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-Ray). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variasi konsentrasi NaCl sebagai aktivator berpengaruh terhadap luas permukaan karbon aktif. Luas permukaan terbaik dihasilkan saat diaktivasi dengan aktivator larutan NaCl 10 % adalah 18,9358 . Analisis SEM menunjukkan bahwa karbon aktif teraktivasi NaCl 10 % pori-pori yang terbentuk lebih banyak dan membentuk rongga-rongga pori-pori dengan kedalaman yang lebih besar bila dibandingkan dengan karbon aktif teraktivasi NaCl 0 %. Hasil analisis EDX menunjukkan bahwa komposisi unsur yang berada pada permukaan karbon aktif teraktivasi NaCl 10 % meliputi unsur C 88,90 %, unsur O 10,08 %, unsur Al 0,36 %, unsur Mg 0,16 % dan unsur Ca 0,50 % sedangkan komposisi unsur yang berada pada permukaan karbon aktif teraktivasi NaCl 0 % meliputi unsur C 87,38 %, unsur O 10,31 %, unsur Mg 0,77 % dan unsur Ca 1,54 %.
豆腐是豆腐制造过程的残留物。制造过程中产生的豆腐非常丰富。在一段时间内，薄烤饼可以用作饲料和炖肉。利用已知的杂质的另一种选择是将其作为活化碳制造的基础，因为碳纤维含量约为50%。在这项研究中，活化碳的过程是由4个阶段的方法进行的，即在烈日下干燥7天，化学激活过程使用NaCl溶液激活器，其浓度变化为0、5、10、15、20和25%，碳酸知道渣过程激活温度500食盐和清洗活性炭的渣滓知道用HCl) 1米(3英尺)。aktivator浓度对活性炭的表面积知道渣用蛋白酶亚甲基蓝方法继续ANOVA one way试验和测试LSD(至少遗迹”程度不同)的1%。活性碳的结果与LSD对形态分析和表面成分的分析与semx显微扫描能量x射线不同。研究表明，作为激活者，NaCl浓度的变化影响了活化碳的表面积。当使用NaCl溶液激活器时，最好的表面积是18.9358。SEM分析表明，活性碳被激发为NaCl, 10%的多孔形成并形成更大的深度，与活化的NaCl - 0相比。EDX分析结果表明,在活性炭表面的元素成分激活10包括元素C 88,90 %,食盐O 10.08元素,元素艾尔0.36 %,Mg 0,16元素和元素Ca花%而被激活的元素成分在活性炭表面覆盖元素0 % C 87.38食盐,O元素10.31 %,Mg 0.77元素和元素Ca 1.54 %。
{"title":"KARAKTERISASI KARBON AKTIF TERAKTIVASI NaCl DARI AMPAS TAHU","authors":"Eny Yulianti Rif’atul Mahmudah Lilik Hartini, Eny Yulianti, Rif'atul Mahmudah","doi":"10.18860/al.v0i1.2916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/al.v0i1.2916","url":null,"abstract":"Ampas tahu merupakan residu proses pembuatan tahu. Ampas tahu yang dihasilkan dalam proses pembuatan tahu cukup melimpah. Pemanfaatan ampas tahu selama ini dapat digunakan sebagai pakan ternak dan tempe gembos. Alternatif lain untuk memanfaatkan ampas tahu adalah dengan menjadikannya sebagai bahan dasar dalam pembuatan karbon aktif karena kandungan serat ampas tahu berkisar 50 %. Proses pembuatan karbon aktif dalam penelitian ini melalui 4 tahapan yaitu proses pengeringan ampas tahu selama 7 hari di bawah terik matahari, proses aktivasi kimia menggunakan aktivator larutan NaCl dengan variasi konsentrasi 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, dan 25 %, proses karbonisasi ampas tahu teraktivasi NaCl pada suhu 500 dan pencucian karbon aktif dari ampas tahu dengan menggunakan HCl 1 M. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi aktivator terhadap luas permukaan karbon aktif dari ampas tahu menggunakan metode adsorpsi methylene blue dan dilanjutkan uji ANOVA one way dan uji LSD ( Least Significance Different ) dengan taraf uji 1 %. Hasil karbon aktif yang mempunyai luas permukaan terbaik pada adsorpsi methylene blue dan berbeda nyata dari hasil uji LSD dilakukan analisis morfologi dan analisis komposisi unsur-unsur yang terkandung pada permukaan dengan menggunakan SEM-EDX (Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-Ray). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variasi konsentrasi NaCl sebagai aktivator berpengaruh terhadap luas permukaan karbon aktif. Luas permukaan terbaik dihasilkan saat diaktivasi dengan aktivator larutan NaCl 10 % adalah 18,9358 . Analisis SEM menunjukkan bahwa karbon aktif teraktivasi NaCl 10 % pori-pori yang terbentuk lebih banyak dan membentuk rongga-rongga pori-pori dengan kedalaman yang lebih besar bila dibandingkan dengan karbon aktif teraktivasi NaCl 0 %. Hasil analisis EDX menunjukkan bahwa komposisi unsur yang berada pada permukaan karbon aktif teraktivasi NaCl 10 % meliputi unsur C 88,90 %, unsur O 10,08 %, unsur Al 0,36 %, unsur Mg 0,16 % dan unsur Ca 0,50 % sedangkan komposisi unsur yang berada pada permukaan karbon aktif teraktivasi NaCl 0 % meliputi unsur C 87,38 %, unsur O 10,31 %, unsur Mg 0,77 % dan unsur Ca 1,54 %.","PeriodicalId":31035,"journal":{"name":"Alchemy Journal of Chemistry","volume":"1 1","pages":"145-153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67619736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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