The objective of the study is to analyse the effect of Leverage, Profitability, and Market Value on Stock Prices. The study used quantitative approach in which the population were hotel, restaurant, and tourism companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). Non-probability sampling method is used to collect 41 hotel, restaurant, and tourism companies. Panel data regression analysis method use Eviews 11.0 program to test the hypothesis. This study showed that Leverage measured by Debt to Equity (DER) has no effect on Stock Prices, Profitability is measured by Return on Equity (ROE) has a positive effect on Stock Prices, and Market Value is measured by Price Earnings Ratio ( PER) has no effect on shares prices. Keywords: leverage, profitability, market value, and stock price.
{"title":"Internal Factor Analysis of Hotel, Restaurant, and Company Stock Prices Tourism on the Indonesia Stock Exchange","authors":"Meisa Najunda Putri","doi":"10.32924/ijbs.v6i1.218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32924/ijbs.v6i1.218","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the study is to analyse the effect of Leverage, Profitability, and Market Value on Stock Prices. The study used quantitative approach in which the population were hotel, restaurant, and tourism companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). Non-probability sampling method is used to collect 41 hotel, restaurant, and tourism companies. Panel data regression analysis method use Eviews 11.0 program to test the hypothesis. This study showed that Leverage measured by Debt to Equity (DER) has no effect on Stock Prices, Profitability is measured by Return on Equity (ROE) has a positive effect on Stock Prices, and Market Value is measured by Price Earnings Ratio ( PER) has no effect on shares prices. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: leverage, profitability, market value, and stock price.","PeriodicalId":31166,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal of Business Studies","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88095896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study is to analyze the impact of service performance and customer satisfaction as a moderating variable on customer loyalty of Bank BTN (Bank Tabungan Negara) in COVID-19 Pandemic. The object of this research is the customers of Bank BTN. This research was conducted on 200 respondents using a quantitative descriptive approach. Determination of sample size using purposive sampling technique, purposive sampling technique is a technique of determining the sample with certain considerations. Methods of data collection using survey methods, with the research instrument is a questionnaire. The approach used in this research is the Structural Equation Model with the Smart-PLS analysis tool. This study proves that service performance has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction, service performance has a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty, customer satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty. The implication of this study is to encourage the industry to improve and maintain their service performance especially during this pandemic to increase their customer satisfaction and customer loyalty level.
{"title":"The impact of Service Performance on Customer Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty During Covid-19 Pandemic: A Case Study of Bank BTN","authors":"Christian Kuswibowo","doi":"10.32924/ijbs.v6i1.211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32924/ijbs.v6i1.211","url":null,"abstract":"This study is to analyze the impact of service performance and customer satisfaction as a moderating variable on customer loyalty of Bank BTN (Bank Tabungan Negara) in COVID-19 Pandemic. The object of this research is the customers of Bank BTN. This research was conducted on 200 respondents using a quantitative descriptive approach. Determination of sample size using purposive sampling technique, purposive sampling technique is a technique of determining the sample with certain considerations. Methods of data collection using survey methods, with the research instrument is a questionnaire. The approach used in this research is the Structural Equation Model with the Smart-PLS analysis tool. This study proves that service performance has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction, service performance has a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty, customer satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty. The implication of this study is to encourage the industry to improve and maintain their service performance especially during this pandemic to increase their customer satisfaction and customer loyalty level.","PeriodicalId":31166,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal of Business Studies","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83384826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Siroj Jibril Al Rasyidi, P. Hadi, Rosali Sembiring Colia
This study wants to analyze the effect of performance expectancy, effort expectancy and social influence of the Sayurbox application on their purchase intentions. This research was conducted quantitatively with the number of respondents being 100 Sayurbox consumers in Bekasi using Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis. The results of this study prove that performance expectancy and effort expectancy have a positive effect on purchase intentions, while social influence has no effect on consumer purchase intentions in Bekasi.
{"title":"The Application of UTAUT Model To Understand The Purchase Intentions of Sayurbox During The COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Siroj Jibril Al Rasyidi, P. Hadi, Rosali Sembiring Colia","doi":"10.32924/ijbs.v6i1.215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32924/ijbs.v6i1.215","url":null,"abstract":"This study wants to analyze the effect of performance expectancy, effort expectancy and social influence of the Sayurbox application on their purchase intentions. This research was conducted quantitatively with the number of respondents being 100 Sayurbox consumers in Bekasi using Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis. The results of this study prove that performance expectancy and effort expectancy have a positive effect on purchase intentions, while social influence has no effect on consumer purchase intentions in Bekasi.","PeriodicalId":31166,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal of Business Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78545472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Kusumastuti, S. Maryam, Ana Kuswanti, Airlangga Surya Kusuma
Since its first inception during the 1990s, electronic commerce (e-commerce) has revolutionized costumers buying behavior and caused the costumers to shift from traditional brick-and-mortar stores into online stores. In Indonesia, e-commerce market has enjoyed rapid growth around 60 to 70 percent annually since 2014. On the other hand, the Covid – 19 pandemic is still ravaging Indonesia. This pandemic caused concerns among costumers in Indonesia, due to the higher risk of Covid – 19 transmission during buying activities in traditional brick-and-mortar stores. Thus, buying from online stores became more convenient and safer option for customers. The purpose of this research is to investigate about customers online buying behavior during the Covid – 19 pandemic. This research utilized quantitative and descriptive approach, with 200 respondents participated during the survey. The findings of this research are that the majority of respondents might have shifted from offline buying to online buying, albeit not significantly. On the other hand, the majority of respondents chose to not spend a large amount of money for online buying activities. The majority of respondents also bought fashion and beauty care products from online platforms, and because of Covid – 19 pandemic, a large number of respondents also bought healhcare equipment from online platforms. The implication of this research is that it would be better if traditional brick-and-mortar retailers start transitioning to e-commerce, since customers might permanently shift to online buying, even after the Covid – 19 pandemic has been contained.
{"title":"Online Buying Behavior During Covid – 19 Pandemic: A Descriptive Analysis Study","authors":"R. Kusumastuti, S. Maryam, Ana Kuswanti, Airlangga Surya Kusuma","doi":"10.32924/ijbs.v6i1.189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32924/ijbs.v6i1.189","url":null,"abstract":"Since its first inception during the 1990s, electronic commerce (e-commerce) has revolutionized costumers buying behavior and caused the costumers to shift from traditional brick-and-mortar stores into online stores. In Indonesia, e-commerce market has enjoyed rapid growth around 60 to 70 percent annually since 2014. On the other hand, the Covid – 19 pandemic is still ravaging Indonesia. This pandemic caused concerns among costumers in Indonesia, due to the higher risk of Covid – 19 transmission during buying activities in traditional brick-and-mortar stores. Thus, buying from online stores became more convenient and safer option for customers. The purpose of this research is to investigate about customers online buying behavior during the Covid – 19 pandemic. This research utilized quantitative and descriptive approach, with 200 respondents participated during the survey. The findings of this research are that the majority of respondents might have shifted from offline buying to online buying, albeit not significantly. On the other hand, the majority of respondents chose to not spend a large amount of money for online buying activities. The majority of respondents also bought fashion and beauty care products from online platforms, and because of Covid – 19 pandemic, a large number of respondents also bought healhcare equipment from online platforms. The implication of this research is that it would be better if traditional brick-and-mortar retailers start transitioning to e-commerce, since customers might permanently shift to online buying, even after the Covid – 19 pandemic has been contained.","PeriodicalId":31166,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal of Business Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90207529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this research is to find out how to obtain daily capital gains in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic using the day trade strategy and the Stochastic Oscillator as a technical indicator case study of stocks in the telecommunications industry sector. This research is descriptive in nature and uses secondary data, namely: data on daily stock prices and hourly charts, per 10 minutes on the stock price movements of PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia Tbk (TLKM) and PT Smartfren Telecom Tbk (FREN). The result of this study are finding TLKM and FREN stocks as the right stocks for day trade, day trading from the market opening or in the morning and completing transactions during the day because the volume of shares decreases reflected in the volume of TLKM shares, but not on FREN shares. Stochastic Oscillator indicator can be used to obtain daily capital gains at TLKM and FREN stocks; (a) the red box area is the best momentum for "sell" positions, the green box area is the best momentum for "buy" positions. (b) the arrow in the red box there is a% K line that crosses% D upwards/ downwards, indicating a sell/buy signal at TLKM and during this period the FREN shares did not have the momentum to sell. The results of this study are expected to give consideration to investors not to panic selling and provide knowledge about how to earn daily profits on the stock market during the Covid-19 Pandemic with a simple method so that the Indonesian capital market remains excited amid the Covid-19 Pandemic.
{"title":"How to Get Daily Capital Gain in Covid-19 Pandemic Period? (Case study: Indonesia Stock Exchange)","authors":"Kartini Harahap","doi":"10.32924/ijbs.v6i1.185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32924/ijbs.v6i1.185","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research is to find out how to obtain daily capital gains in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic using the day trade strategy and the Stochastic Oscillator as a technical indicator case study of stocks in the telecommunications industry sector. This research is descriptive in nature and uses secondary data, namely: data on daily stock prices and hourly charts, per 10 minutes on the stock price movements of PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia Tbk (TLKM) and PT Smartfren Telecom Tbk (FREN). The result of this study are finding TLKM and FREN stocks as the right stocks for day trade, day trading from the market opening or in the morning and completing transactions during the day because the volume of shares decreases reflected in the volume of TLKM shares, but not on FREN shares. Stochastic Oscillator indicator can be used to obtain daily capital gains at TLKM and FREN stocks; (a) the red box area is the best momentum for \"sell\" positions, the green box area is the best momentum for \"buy\" positions. (b) the arrow in the red box there is a% K line that crosses% D upwards/ downwards, indicating a sell/buy signal at TLKM and during this period the FREN shares did not have the momentum to sell. The results of this study are expected to give consideration to investors not to panic selling and provide knowledge about how to earn daily profits on the stock market during the Covid-19 Pandemic with a simple method so that the Indonesian capital market remains excited amid the Covid-19 Pandemic.","PeriodicalId":31166,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal of Business Studies","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89726145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Covid–19 pandemic has caused not only a harsh health crisis, but also a harsh economic crisis worldwide. Fortunately, new vaccines for Covid-19 have been succesfully developed in the record breaking time. Even though almost every country have started Covid-19 vaccinations for its people, the Covid-19 vaccines distribution remains unequal between high income countries, middle income countries, and low income countries, with high income countries having secured large shipments of Covid-19 vaccines, while middle income countries and low income countries still mostly left behind. This inequality could cause severe repercussions in the form of further Covid-19 virus mutation, the renewal of more countagious and deadlier Covid-19 outbreak, and also a slower recovery of the global economy. The aim of this research is to investigate further about the inequality in Covid–19 vaccines distribution. This research further recommends several policy approach in order to help reduce the inequality of Covid-19 vaccines distribution. This research also aims to contribute to the evolving Covid–19 literature.
{"title":"The Inequality of Covid–19 Vaccines Distribution: Its Repercussions and Its Causes","authors":"F. Zaini","doi":"10.32924/ijbs.v6i1.222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32924/ijbs.v6i1.222","url":null,"abstract":"The Covid–19 pandemic has caused not only a harsh health crisis, but also a harsh economic crisis worldwide. Fortunately, new vaccines for Covid-19 have been succesfully developed in the record breaking time. Even though almost every country have started Covid-19 vaccinations for its people, the Covid-19 vaccines distribution remains unequal between high income countries, middle income countries, and low income countries, with high income countries having secured large shipments of Covid-19 vaccines, while middle income countries and low income countries still mostly left behind. This inequality could cause severe repercussions in the form of further Covid-19 virus mutation, the renewal of more countagious and deadlier Covid-19 outbreak, and also a slower recovery of the global economy. The aim of this research is to investigate further about the inequality in Covid–19 vaccines distribution. This research further recommends several policy approach in order to help reduce the inequality of Covid-19 vaccines distribution. This research also aims to contribute to the evolving Covid–19 literature.","PeriodicalId":31166,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal of Business Studies","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76132820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper describes the effect of the economic effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on access to birth control services in health facilities for women of childbearing age (WUS) 15-49 in West Java. This type of research is a quantitative description using Bivariate, Multivariate and dichotomic / binary logistic regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that there is no significant effect simultaneously between the effects of pandemic-19 on the use of modern contraceptives and an increase in the number of pregnancies in women of reproductive age (wus) 15-49 years in West Java because the p-value is 0.233 or more. The magnitude of the alpha used is 5% (0.05).) While each variable does not have a significant partial effect on Y in the X model. The sig values are more than 0.05 (alpha) used. This means that the economic effect of the COVID-19 pandemic does not have a significant partial effect on access to family planning services in health facilities for women of childbearing age 15-49 years in West Java. The dependent variable is 33.1% and there are 100% -39% = 66.9 % other factors outside the model that explain the dependent variable in this study
{"title":"Economic Effect of Covid-19 Pandemic on the Access of Birth Control Service in Health Facilities in Women of Childbearing Aged 15-49 Years","authors":"Alhamuddin Alhamuddin, Rabiatul Adwiyah, Dadang Suhenda, Rindag Ekawati, Angela Sri Meylani Wijayanti","doi":"10.32924/ijbs.v6i1.208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32924/ijbs.v6i1.208","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the effect of the economic effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on access to birth control services in health facilities for women of childbearing age (WUS) 15-49 in West Java. This type of research is a quantitative description using Bivariate, Multivariate and dichotomic / binary logistic regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that there is no significant effect simultaneously between the effects of pandemic-19 on the use of modern contraceptives and an increase in the number of pregnancies in women of reproductive age (wus) 15-49 years in West Java because the p-value is 0.233 or more. The magnitude of the alpha used is 5% (0.05).) While each variable does not have a significant partial effect on Y in the X model. The sig values are more than 0.05 (alpha) used. This means that the economic effect of the COVID-19 pandemic does not have a significant partial effect on access to family planning services in health facilities for women of childbearing age 15-49 years in West Java. The dependent variable is 33.1% and there are 100% -39% = 66.9 % other factors outside the model that explain the dependent variable in this study","PeriodicalId":31166,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal of Business Studies","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73309998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.21632/irjbs.14.3.199-214
Nayem Uddin Hoque Tusher
With the recent outbreak of Covid-19, the fragility of the global SC has been revealed. Significant disruption from both the demand and supply side has jolted the garment industry of Bangladesh. This paper aims to foster a more explicit understanding of the disruption vulnerability factors of the Bangladesh RMG SC beyond Covid-19. To achieve this aim, an exploratory study methodology is used by extensive literature review. Analysis revealed that Bangladesh RMG SC is vulnerable to hazard, strategic, financial, operational, infrastructural, and demand and supply factors. Natural calamities, infrastructural collusions, labor and political unrest, globally intensified competition, non-compliance issues, high dependency on imported materials, lack of product, and market diversification can lead Bangladesh RMG SC to disruptive events. The analysis of this study will help factory owners, industrial managers, and designated authorities to identify vulnerabilities associated with the Bangladesh RMG SC and take measures to reduce the vulnerabilities to disruption.
{"title":"Bangladesh RMG Supply Chain Vulnerabilities To Disruption Beyond Covid-19","authors":"Nayem Uddin Hoque Tusher","doi":"10.21632/irjbs.14.3.199-214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21632/irjbs.14.3.199-214","url":null,"abstract":"With the recent outbreak of Covid-19, the fragility of the global SC has been revealed. Significant disruption from both the demand and supply side has jolted the garment industry of Bangladesh. This paper aims to foster a more explicit understanding of the disruption vulnerability factors of the Bangladesh RMG SC beyond Covid-19. To achieve this aim, an exploratory study methodology is used by extensive literature review. Analysis revealed that Bangladesh RMG SC is vulnerable to hazard, strategic, financial, operational, infrastructural, and demand and supply factors. Natural calamities, infrastructural collusions, labor and political unrest, globally intensified competition, non-compliance issues, high dependency on imported materials, lack of product, and market diversification can lead Bangladesh RMG SC to disruptive events. The analysis of this study will help factory owners, industrial managers, and designated authorities to identify vulnerabilities associated with the Bangladesh RMG SC and take measures to reduce the vulnerabilities to disruption.","PeriodicalId":31166,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal of Business Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42721368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.21632/irjbs.14.3.235-243
Tarun Kashni, V. Thakur
This article aims to analyze the impact on employment during the covid19 lockdown period and after lockdown in India. The analysis was based on the ministry of labour and employment and National Statistical Office surveys undertaken before the outbreak of the Covid-19 and follow-up surveys on the effects of the pandemic, also undertaken by Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy Pvt. Ltd. and Statista Inc. One of the largest unemployment since the Great Depression has been generated during the Covid-19 pandemic. This seems to be a real threat that during lockdown the crisis will exacerbate poverty and deepen inequality, with long-term consequences. Countries must now do all possible to prevent unemployment from escalating into a social disaster. Investing in the future and succeeding generations by rebuilding a stronger and more sustainable labour market is critical. The Covid-19 epidemic in India has unquestionably had a significant detrimental influence on India’s employment rates.
本文旨在分析印度在新冠肺炎封锁期间和封锁后对就业的影响。该分析基于劳动和就业部和国家统计局在Covid-19爆发前进行的调查，以及印度经济监测中心(Centre for Monitoring india Economy pltd . Ltd.)和Statista Inc.对疫情影响的后续调查。在新冠肺炎大流行期间，美国出现了自大萧条以来最大的失业率之一。这似乎是一个真正的威胁，在封锁期间，危机将加剧贫困，加深不平等，并产生长期后果。各国现在必须尽一切可能防止失业升级为社会灾难。通过重建一个更强大、更可持续的劳动力市场，对未来和后代进行投资至关重要。印度的新冠肺炎疫情无疑对印度的就业率产生了重大不利影响。
{"title":"A Critical Analysis of Impact on Employment During and After Covid-19 Lockdown on India","authors":"Tarun Kashni, V. Thakur","doi":"10.21632/irjbs.14.3.235-243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21632/irjbs.14.3.235-243","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to analyze the impact on employment during the covid19 lockdown period and after lockdown in India. The analysis was based on the ministry of labour and employment and National Statistical Office surveys undertaken before the outbreak of the Covid-19 and follow-up surveys on the effects of the pandemic, also undertaken by Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy Pvt. Ltd. and Statista Inc. One of the largest unemployment since the Great Depression has been generated during the Covid-19 pandemic. This seems to be a real threat that during lockdown the crisis will exacerbate poverty and deepen inequality, with long-term consequences. Countries must now do all possible to prevent unemployment from escalating into a social disaster. Investing in the future and succeeding generations by rebuilding a stronger and more sustainable labour market is critical. The Covid-19 epidemic in India has unquestionably had a significant detrimental influence on India’s employment rates.","PeriodicalId":31166,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal of Business Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47098316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.21632/irjbs.14.3.187-198
Ashima Gaba, Ravinder Kumar
Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs) are recently popularised new form of financial market instruments that provide benefit of both mutual funds and stocks. Present study investigated if there exists any difference between the average returns of selected Gold ETFs during Covid-19 era against pre Covid-19 era and subsequently analyzed the long-term and short-term impact of new Covid-19 cases and fatalities on returns of Gold ETFs through Auto-regressive distributed lag (ARDL) model. It has been observed that in long term new Covid-19 cases had positive and significant impact on the returns of ETFs while new fatalities had significant negative impact on the returns of all the Gold ETFs except for BSLGOLD ETF. Short-run relationship between dependent and independent variables was in contrast to the long-term relationship.
{"title":"Reaction of Indian Gold Exchange Traded Funds to Covid-19 Cases and Fatalities","authors":"Ashima Gaba, Ravinder Kumar","doi":"10.21632/irjbs.14.3.187-198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21632/irjbs.14.3.187-198","url":null,"abstract":"Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs) are recently popularised new form of financial market instruments that provide benefit of both mutual funds and stocks. Present study investigated if there exists any difference between the average returns of selected Gold ETFs during Covid-19 era against pre Covid-19 era and subsequently analyzed the long-term and short-term impact of new Covid-19 cases and fatalities on returns of Gold ETFs through Auto-regressive distributed lag (ARDL) model. It has been observed that in long term new Covid-19 cases had positive and significant impact on the returns of ETFs while new fatalities had significant negative impact on the returns of all the Gold ETFs except for BSLGOLD ETF. Short-run relationship between dependent and independent variables was in contrast to the long-term relationship.","PeriodicalId":31166,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal of Business Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48047778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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