Pub Date : 2018-09-15DOI: 10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.20.3.3
J. Padányi, L. Földi
Povzetek V vsaki državi je najpomembnejša dolžnost vlade zagotoviti varnost državljanov. Skladno s tem se je vlada Republike Madžarske odločila, da z ukrepi o modernizaciji madžarskega obrambnega resorja in njegovega paradnega konja, madžarske vojske, ni več mogoče odlašati. Program za vojaški razvoj Zrinyi 2026 in sredstva, ki so v okviru njega zagotovljena, so tako po dolgem času omogočili nekaj pomembnih izboljšav v zmogljivostih madžarske vojske. V nadaljevanju bomo predstavili nekaj segmentov teh izboljšav. Začeli bomo s kratkim opisom trenutnih varnostnih razmer na Madžarskem in njenih varnostnih izzivov ter predstavili nekaj odzivov nanje. Predstavili bomo tudi glavne mejnike v razvoju vojaških zmogljivosti in opisali korake za izboljšanje organizacije, opreme, kadra in usposabljanja. Ključne besede: varnost, modernizacija vojske, zaščita območja, madžarska vojska. Abstract The security of citizens in every country is the main responsibility of the government. By accepting this, the Government of Hungary decided that it was no longer possible to postpone the modernisation of defence and its main attribute, the Hungarian Defence Forces. The Zrinyi 2026 military development programme and the resources alongside it make it possible for there to be tangible improvement in the capabilities of the Hungarian Defence Forces after a long delay. In this article we illustrate some of its segments, starting with a short description of the present security situation in Hungary, its security challenges and possible solutions to them. We will also demonstrate the main developments of the military capabilities, describing the steps in the improvement of organisations, equipment, personnel and training. Key words: security, modernisation of the military forces, area protection, Hungarian Defence Forces (HDF).
{"title":"MODERNISATIONS WITHIN THE HUNGARIAN DEFENCE FORCES","authors":"J. Padányi, L. Földi","doi":"10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.20.3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.20.3.3","url":null,"abstract":"Povzetek\u0000V vsaki državi je najpomembnejša dolžnost vlade zagotoviti varnost državljanov. Skladno s tem se je vlada Republike Madžarske odločila, da z ukrepi o modernizaciji madžarskega obrambnega resorja in njegovega paradnega konja, madžarske vojske, ni več mogoče odlašati. Program za vojaški razvoj Zrinyi 2026 in sredstva, ki so v okviru njega zagotovljena, so tako po dolgem času omogočili nekaj pomembnih izboljšav v zmogljivostih madžarske vojske. V nadaljevanju bomo predstavili nekaj segmentov teh izboljšav. Začeli bomo s kratkim opisom trenutnih varnostnih razmer na Madžarskem in njenih varnostnih izzivov ter predstavili nekaj odzivov nanje. Predstavili bomo tudi glavne mejnike v razvoju vojaških zmogljivosti in opisali korake za izboljšanje organizacije, opreme, kadra in usposabljanja.\u0000\u0000Ključne besede: varnost, modernizacija vojske, zaščita območja, madžarska vojska.\u0000\u0000Abstract\u0000The security of citizens in every country is the main responsibility of the government. By accepting this, the Government of Hungary decided that it was no longer possible to postpone the modernisation of defence and its main attribute, the Hungarian Defence Forces. The Zrinyi 2026 military development programme and the resources alongside it make it possible for there to be tangible improvement in the capabilities of the Hungarian Defence Forces after a long delay. In this article we illustrate some of its segments, starting with a short description of the present security situation in Hungary, its security challenges and possible solutions to them. We will also demonstrate the main developments of the military capabilities, describing the steps in the improvement of organisations, equipment, personnel and training.\u0000Key words: security, modernisation of the military forces, area protection, Hungarian Defence Forces (HDF).","PeriodicalId":312853,"journal":{"name":"CONTEMPORARY MILITARY CHALLENGES","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124146391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-15DOI: 10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.20.3.6.y
L. Brožič
Last year, a new book by Dr. Thomas Durell Young was published by the British publisher Bloomsbury, entitled THE ANATOMY OF POST-COMMUNIST EUROPEAN DEFENCE INSTITUTIONS: THE MIRAGE OF MILITARY MODERNITY. The author probably does not need any special introduction for those whose work is related to security and defence matters. For all others, though, let me mention that he is a long-time lecturer at the Center for Civil-Military Relations (CCMR) from Monterey, California, USA. Prior to joining CCMR, Dr Young was a Research Professor at the Strategic Studies Institute of the US Army War College, where he focused on European politico-military issues, as well as on joint planning, execution and management of systems and procedures. He holds a Ph.D. in international economics from Geneva, and has authored several monographs. From 1989 to 2017 he was an editor of Small War and Insurgencies, and he is currently an editor of Defence and Security Analyses. An important fact is that his work has led him to travel to the majority of European countries and, as such, he is very well acquainted with their respective defence systems, defence and military history, as well as many defence and military decision-makers and experts, with whom he had shared his views and experiences. In most of these countries he has also acted as a defence adviser. Dr Young is an author whose field of research is extremely rich, both in theory and practice. It is therefore no surprise that his new book reflects his thorough knowledge of the historical background of the former communist states, their defence systems and their armed forces. The work is divided into nine chapters. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, it includes the following thematic sections: The State of Communist Defense Institutions and Armed Forces, circa 1990; NATO Exports its “New Model Army”: Why It Did Not Take; Former Soviet Republics' Defense Institutions; Former Warsaw Pact Republics' Defense Institutions; Former Yugoslav Republics' Defense Institutions; Building Defense Institutions: Sharpening the Western Mind; Reforming Western Policy and Management of Defense Reform. The concluding chapter is entitled Getting to Honest Defense. Young is very systematic and analytical when presenting the topic, and uses all the characteristics of comparative analysis. Wherever historical, political, defence and military bases are identical or highly similar, he provides a thorough explanation of the reasons for significant differences in further development, as well as those who had prevented the occurrence of changes or their sufficient implementation. He is very insightful in his attempts. The basic principle of his research or the criterion for the evaluation of defence institutions in the former communist states is the “Western Mind”, as he calls it. In short, a comparison of western and eastern thinking reveals key differences in planning, decision-making, leadership and implementation of the state’s de
{"title":"“HONEST DEFENSE” BY THOMAS DURELL YOUNG","authors":"L. Brožič","doi":"10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.20.3.6.y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.20.3.6.y","url":null,"abstract":"Last year, a new book by Dr. Thomas Durell Young was published by the British publisher Bloomsbury, entitled THE ANATOMY OF POST-COMMUNIST EUROPEAN DEFENCE INSTITUTIONS: THE MIRAGE OF MILITARY MODERNITY.\u0000The author probably does not need any special introduction for those whose work is related to security and defence matters. For all others, though, let me mention that he is a long-time lecturer at the Center for Civil-Military Relations (CCMR) from Monterey, California, USA. Prior to joining CCMR, Dr Young was a Research Professor at the Strategic Studies Institute of the US Army War College, where he focused on European politico-military issues, as well as on joint planning, execution and management of systems and procedures. He holds a Ph.D. in international economics from Geneva, and has authored several monographs. From 1989 to 2017 he was an editor of Small War and Insurgencies, and he is currently an editor of Defence and Security Analyses.\u0000An important fact is that his work has led him to travel to the majority of European countries and, as such, he is very well acquainted with their respective defence systems, defence and military history, as well as many defence and military decision-makers and experts, with whom he had shared his views and experiences. In most of these countries he has also acted as a defence adviser.\u0000Dr Young is an author whose field of research is extremely rich, both in theory and practice. It is therefore no surprise that his new book reflects his thorough knowledge of the historical background of the former communist states, their defence systems and their armed forces.\u0000The work is divided into nine chapters. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, it includes the following thematic sections: The State of Communist Defense Institutions and Armed Forces, circa 1990; NATO Exports its “New Model Army”: Why It Did Not Take; Former Soviet Republics' Defense Institutions; Former Warsaw Pact Republics' Defense Institutions; Former Yugoslav Republics' Defense Institutions; Building Defense Institutions: Sharpening the Western Mind; Reforming Western Policy and Management of Defense Reform. The concluding chapter is entitled Getting to Honest Defense. \u0000Young is very systematic and analytical when presenting the topic, and uses all the characteristics of comparative analysis. Wherever historical, political, defence and military bases are identical or highly similar, he provides a thorough explanation of the reasons for significant differences in further development, as well as those who had prevented the occurrence of changes or their sufficient implementation. He is very insightful in his attempts. The basic principle of his research or the criterion for the evaluation of defence institutions in the former communist states is the “Western Mind”, as he calls it. In short, a comparison of western and eastern thinking reveals key differences in planning, decision-making, leadership and implementation of the state’s de","PeriodicalId":312853,"journal":{"name":"CONTEMPORARY MILITARY CHALLENGES","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131667500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-15DOI: 10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.20.3.0
Liliana Brožič
Konec leta, natančneje 13. decembra, bo prva obletnica ustanovitve Pesca. Angleška kratica izhaja iz Permanent security cooperation, kar pomeni Stalno strukturno sodelovanje. Pesco naj bi poglobil obrambno sodelovanje med državami članicami Evropske unije (EU), in sicer pri razvijanju skupnih obrambnih zmogljivostih, skupnih projektih in operativni pripravljenosti ter prispevanju oboroženih sil. EU je v zgodnjih začetkih največ pozornosti namenjala ekonomskemu napredku držav članic, kar je bil v desetletju po koncu druge svetovne vojne zelo logičen cilj. Varnost in obramba sta se pozneje pojavljala v zametkih v obliki Zahodnoevropske unije, skupne zunanje in varnostne politike itn. Do začetka vojne v nekdanji Jugoslaviji EU ni imela resnih razlogov, da bi se področju varnosti temeljito posvetila. Varnostna politika je bila ena izmed politik, ki so bile prisotne predvsem »na papirju« in v različnih razpravah, kar je prišlo najbolj do izraza prav pri vrenju v tako imenovanem balkanskem kotlu. To je bil dober preizkus delovanja EU in prav tu se je pokazalo, da bo treba nekaj temeljito spremeniti. Eden od rezultatov je bil tudi večje angažiranje na področju mednarodnih operacij in misij. Opazovalna misija je bila napotena v Gruzijo, policijska in pravosodna na Kosovo, za pomoč pri posledicah cunamija v Indonezijo, za boj proti piratom v Somalijo in za zaščito beguncev v Mali. Drugi prelomni preizkus delovanja EU na področju varnosti in obrambe je bila evropska migrantska kriza leta 2015, pri čemer je prišlo najbolj do izraza pomanjkanje ustreznih politik na ravni EU. Šlo je za kontradiktornost politik, ki veljajo znotraj EU za države članice in njihove prebivalce ter za vse druge države in njihove prebivalce, za katere visoke vrednote, etične norme in socialne ugodnosti prenehajo veljati, kadar gre za izjemno veliko število prišlekov. Preden so se pomembni organi EU sestali, posvetovali, odločili in ukrepali, so se problemi na različnih področjih namnožili, eden izmed ključnih pa je bil varnostni problem. Drugih vplivov, ki so bili vzrok za nastanek Pesca, je bilo še veliko, o njih v nadaljevanju pišejo avtorji. Naj le omenim, da je EU na prelomnici, saj je vedno bolj prisoten evroskepticizem, o katerem so veliko govorili tudi na Strateškem forumu na Bledu.
{"title":"PESCO – VEČ VARNOSTI ZA EVROPO","authors":"Liliana Brožič","doi":"10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.20.3.0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.20.3.0","url":null,"abstract":"Konec leta, natančneje 13. decembra, bo prva obletnica ustanovitve Pesca. Angleška kratica izhaja iz Permanent security cooperation, kar pomeni Stalno strukturno sodelovanje.\u0000Pesco naj bi poglobil obrambno sodelovanje med državami članicami Evropske unije (EU), in sicer pri razvijanju skupnih obrambnih zmogljivostih, skupnih projektih in operativni pripravljenosti ter prispevanju oboroženih sil.\u0000EU je v zgodnjih začetkih največ pozornosti namenjala ekonomskemu napredku držav članic, kar je bil v desetletju po koncu druge svetovne vojne zelo logičen cilj. Varnost in obramba sta se pozneje pojavljala v zametkih v obliki Zahodnoevropske unije, skupne zunanje in varnostne politike itn. Do začetka vojne v nekdanji Jugoslaviji EU ni imela resnih razlogov, da bi se področju varnosti temeljito posvetila. Varnostna politika je bila ena izmed politik, ki so bile prisotne predvsem »na papirju« in v različnih razpravah, kar je prišlo najbolj do izraza prav pri vrenju v tako imenovanem balkanskem kotlu. To je bil dober preizkus delovanja EU in prav tu se je pokazalo, da bo treba nekaj temeljito spremeniti. Eden od rezultatov je bil tudi večje angažiranje na področju mednarodnih operacij in misij. Opazovalna misija je bila napotena v Gruzijo, policijska in pravosodna na Kosovo, za pomoč pri posledicah cunamija v Indonezijo, za boj proti piratom v Somalijo in za zaščito beguncev v Mali.\u0000Drugi prelomni preizkus delovanja EU na področju varnosti in obrambe je bila evropska migrantska kriza leta 2015, pri čemer je prišlo najbolj do izraza pomanjkanje ustreznih politik na ravni EU. Šlo je za kontradiktornost politik, ki veljajo znotraj EU za države članice in njihove prebivalce ter za vse druge države in njihove prebivalce, za katere visoke vrednote, etične norme in socialne ugodnosti prenehajo veljati, kadar gre za izjemno veliko število prišlekov. Preden so se pomembni organi EU sestali, posvetovali, odločili in ukrepali, so se problemi na različnih področjih namnožili, eden izmed ključnih pa je bil varnostni problem. \u0000Drugih vplivov, ki so bili vzrok za nastanek Pesca, je bilo še veliko, o njih v nadaljevanju pišejo avtorji. Naj le omenim, da je EU na prelomnici, saj je vedno bolj prisoten evroskepticizem, o katerem so veliko govorili tudi na Strateškem forumu na Bledu.","PeriodicalId":312853,"journal":{"name":"CONTEMPORARY MILITARY CHALLENGES","volume":"15 13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116092311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-15DOI: 10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.20.3.5
József Kis-Benedek
Povzetek Terorizem in z njim povezani pojavi, kot sta radikalizem in džihadizem, so eni največjih izzivov našega časa. S pomočjo ustreznih primerov v nekaterih pomembnih državah avtor analizira vzroke in posledice terorizma. Pomembno je, da se pri tej tematiki osredotočimo le na nekaj držav, saj se vzroki za radikalizem in džihadizem razlikujejo in s časom spreminjajo ne le znotraj regije, temveč tudi znotraj posameznih držav. Radikalizem in džihadizem sta večinoma tesno povezana s kriznimi območji. Poleg analize tematike so v študijo vključeni tudi predlogi za obvladovanje in reševanje tega problema. Key words: terorizem, džihadizem, radikalizem, tuji bojevniki, Bližnji vzhod, Evropa, Severna Afrika. Abstract One of the biggest challenges of our time is terrorism and its concomitant phenomena, such as radicalism and jihadism. The author analyses the causes and consequences of terrorism by describing relevant cases in certain significant countries. Reducing this topic to some concrete countries only is important, because the causes of radicalism and jihadism are different and can change over time not only across a region, but also within a single country. Radicalism and jihadism are mostly closely connected to crisis areas. Beyond the analysis of this topic, the study also touches upon proposals to handle and solve this problem. Key words: terrorism, jihadism, radicalism, foreign fighters, Middle East, Europe, North Africa.
{"title":"JIHADISM AND RADICALISATION IN SELECTED REGIONS OF EUROPE, THE\u0000MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA – A CASE STUDY","authors":"József Kis-Benedek","doi":"10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.20.3.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.20.3.5","url":null,"abstract":"Povzetek\u0000Terorizem in z njim povezani pojavi, kot sta radikalizem in džihadizem, so eni največjih izzivov našega časa. S pomočjo ustreznih primerov v nekaterih pomembnih državah avtor analizira vzroke in posledice terorizma. Pomembno je, da se pri tej tematiki osredotočimo le na nekaj držav, saj se vzroki za radikalizem in džihadizem razlikujejo in s časom spreminjajo ne le znotraj regije, temveč tudi znotraj posameznih držav. Radikalizem in džihadizem sta večinoma tesno povezana s kriznimi območji. Poleg analize tematike so v študijo vključeni tudi predlogi za obvladovanje in reševanje tega problema.\u0000\u0000Key words: terorizem, džihadizem, radikalizem, tuji bojevniki, Bližnji vzhod, Evropa, Severna Afrika.\u0000\u0000Abstract \u0000One of the biggest challenges of our time is terrorism and its concomitant phenomena, such as radicalism and jihadism. The author analyses the causes and consequences of terrorism by describing relevant cases in certain significant countries. Reducing this topic to some concrete countries only is important, because the causes of radicalism and jihadism are different and can change over time not only across a region, but also within a single country. Radicalism and jihadism are mostly closely connected to crisis areas. Beyond the analysis of this topic, the study also touches upon proposals to handle and solve this problem.\u0000\u0000Key words: terrorism, jihadism, radicalism, foreign fighters, Middle East, Europe, North Africa.","PeriodicalId":312853,"journal":{"name":"CONTEMPORARY MILITARY CHALLENGES","volume":"50 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120894868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-15DOI: 10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.20.3.00
L. Brožič
The end of this year, more precisely 13 December, will mark the first anniversary of the initiation of PESCO. The acronym PESCO is derived from the English name Permanent Security Cooperation. The objective of PESCO is to deepen defence cooperation of EU Member States (EU) in the development of common defence capabilities, joint projects and operational readiness as well as military contribution. In its early beginnings, the EU devoted most of its attention to the economic progress of its member states, which was a very logical goal in the decade following the end of World War II. Later on, the rudiments of security and defence appeared in the form of the Western European Union, Common Foreign and Security Policy and the like. Until the start of war in the former Yugoslavia, the EU did not have a serious need or reason to particularly focus on security. Security policy was just one of the policies that had mainly been present on paper and in various debates. This became particularly obvious in the case of the intensive developments in the Balkans. This case very well tested the functioning of the EU and revealed the need for fundamental changes. One of the results was also an increased engagement in the field of international operations and missions: an observation mission in Georgia, a police and the rule of law mission in Kosovo, mission to assist in the aftermath of a tsunami in Indonesia, a counter-piracy mission in Somalia, and a mission protecting refugees in Mali. The second key milestone in the EU's security and defence engagement was the European migration crisis in 2015. Here, the lack of appropriate policies at the EU level became most evident. More precisely, it revealed the contradictory application of the policies within the EU to member states and their citizens, and to those other countries and their inhabitants who do not benefit from the high values, ethical standards and social advantages when they arrive in unimaginably large numbers. Before the important EU bodies met, consulted, decided and acted, many problems in different areas had been identified. One of the key issues was the security problem. However, there were still many other influences that gave rise to the creation of PESCO. They are discussed by the authors in this issue. Nevertheless, let me just mention that the EU has in some way found itself at a turning point due to the increasingly present Euroscepticism, which was also discussed at this year’s Strategic Forum at Bled.
{"title":"PESCO – MORE SECURITY FOR EUROPE","authors":"L. Brožič","doi":"10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.20.3.00","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.20.3.00","url":null,"abstract":"The end of this year, more precisely 13 December, will mark the first anniversary of the initiation of PESCO. The acronym PESCO is derived from the English name Permanent Security Cooperation.\u0000The objective of PESCO is to deepen defence cooperation of EU Member States (EU) in the development of common defence capabilities, joint projects and operational readiness as well as military contribution.\u0000In its early beginnings, the EU devoted most of its attention to the economic progress of its member states, which was a very logical goal in the decade following the end of World War II. Later on, the rudiments of security and defence appeared in the form of the Western European Union, Common Foreign and Security Policy and the like. Until the start of war in the former Yugoslavia, the EU did not have a serious need or reason to particularly focus on security. Security policy was just one of the policies that had mainly been present on paper and in various debates. This became particularly obvious in the case of the intensive developments in the Balkans. This case very well tested the functioning of the EU and revealed the need for fundamental changes. One of the results was also an increased engagement in the field of international operations and missions: an observation mission in Georgia, a police and the rule of law mission in Kosovo, mission to assist in the aftermath of a tsunami in Indonesia, a counter-piracy mission in Somalia, and a mission protecting refugees in Mali.\u0000The second key milestone in the EU's security and defence engagement was the European migration crisis in 2015. Here, the lack of appropriate policies at the EU level became most evident. More precisely, it revealed the contradictory application of the policies within the EU to member states and their citizens, and to those other countries and their inhabitants who do not benefit from the high values, ethical standards and social advantages when they arrive in unimaginably large numbers. Before the important EU bodies met, consulted, decided and acted, many problems in different areas had been identified. One of the key issues was the security problem.\u0000However, there were still many other influences that gave rise to the creation of PESCO. They are discussed by the authors in this issue. Nevertheless, let me just mention that the EU has in some way found itself at a turning point due to the increasingly present Euroscepticism, which was also discussed at this year’s Strategic Forum at Bled.","PeriodicalId":312853,"journal":{"name":"CONTEMPORARY MILITARY CHALLENGES","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131050537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-15DOI: 10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.20.3.6.x
Liliana Brožič
Lani je pri britanski založbi Bloomsbury izšla nova knjiga dr. Thomasa Durella Younga z naslovom Anatomy of Post-Communist European Defence Institutions: The Mirage of Military Modernity. Avtorja verjetno ni treba posebej predstavljati vsem tistim, katerih delo je povezano z varnostnimi in obrambnimi zadevami. Za vse druge pa naj navedem, da gre za dolgoletnega predavatelja Centra za civilno-vojaške odnose iz Montereya v Kaliforniji v Združenih državah Amerike. Pred tem je bil raziskovalec na inštitutu za strateške študije na ameriški Army War College, kjer se je posvečal področju nacionalne obrambe in politično-vojaškim vprašanjem ter tudi združenemu načrtovanju, izvajanju sistemov in opravljanju postopkov. Doktoriral je iz mednarodne ekonomije v Ženevi. Je avtor več monografij. Od leta 1989 do 2017 je bil urednik publikacije Small War and Insurgencies, zdaj pa je urednik pri Defence & Security Analyses. Pomembno je, da je v okviru svojega dela v centru prepotoval večino evropskih držav in zelo dobro pozna njihove obrambne sisteme, obrambno in vojaško zgodovino ter številne odločevalce in strokovnjake na obrambnem in vojaškem področju, s katerimi je delil svoje poglede in izkušnje, v večini držav pa je bil tudi v funkciji obrambnega svetovalca. Gre torej za avtorja, čigar raziskovalno področje je zelo bogato tako v teoretičnem kot tudi v aplikativnem smislu, zato ne preseneča, da nova knjiga odraža odlično poznavanje zgodovinskega ozadja nekdanjih komunističnih držav, njihovih obrambnih sistemov in oboroženih sil. Delo je razdeljeno na devet poglavij. Poleg uvodnega in sklepnega poglavja si sledijo naslednji vsebinski sklopi: Stanje komunističnih obrambnih institucij in oboroženih sil leta 1990 (The State of Communist Defence Institutions and Armed Forces, circa 1990), Nato izvaža svoj »novi vojaški model«: Zakaj ne deluje (NATO Exports Its »New Model Army«: Why It Did Not Take), Obrambne institucije nekdanjih sovjetskih republik (Former Soviet Republics' Defence Institutions), Obrambne institucije nekdanjih republik varšavskega pakta (Former Warsaw Pact Republics' Defence Institutions, Obrambne institucije nekdanjih jugoslovanskih republik (Former Yugoslav Republics' Defence Institutions, Vzpostavitev obrambnih institucij: vpeljevanje zahodnega načina (Building Defence Instituions: Sharpening the Western Mind) ter Spreminjanje zahodne politike in menedžmenta obrambnih reform (Reforming Western Policy and Management of Defense Reform). Zadnje poglavje ima naslov Prehod k »pošteni obrambi« (Getting to Honest Deffense). Pri podajanju vsebine je Young zelo sistematičen in analitičen ter uporablja vse zakonitosti primerjalne analize. Povsod tam, kjer so zgodovinska, politična, obrambna in vojaška izhodišča identična ali zelo podrobna, pojasni, kaj je povzročilo pomembne razlike v nadaljnjem razvoju oziroma zakaj do sprememb ni prišlo ali pa te razlike niso bile dovolj obsežne. Pri tem je zelo pronicljiv. Glavno vodilo pri njegovem raziskovanju ali
去年，英国布鲁姆斯伯里出版社出版了托马斯-杜雷尔-扬博士的新书《后共产主义欧洲防务机构剖析：军事现代化的幻影》。 对于那些从事安全和防务工作的人来说，作者可能不需要特别介绍。对于其他人，他是美国加利福尼亚州蒙特雷军民关系中心的长期讲师。此前，他是美国陆军战争学院战略研究所的研究员，研究国防和政治军事问题，以及联合规划、系统实施和行动。 他拥有日内瓦国际经济学博士学位。他著有多部专著。重要的是，在中心工作期间，他曾到过大多数欧洲国家，非常熟悉这些国家的防务系统、防务和军事历史，以及防务和军事领域的许多决策者和专家，并与他们分享了自己的观点和经验，在大多数国家，他还担任过防务顾问。因此，新书反映出他对前共产主义国家的历史背景、国防体系和武装力量的深刻了解也就不足为奇了。共产主义国防机构和武装力量的状况，约 1990 年》、《北约输出 "新模式军队"：为何行不通》（NATO Exports Its "New Model Army"：前苏联共和国的国防机构》、《前华沙条约共和国的国防机构》、《前南斯拉夫共和国的国防机构》、《建立国防机构》：最后一章的标题是 "走向正轨"。最后一章题为 "实现诚实的防务"。杨在介绍内容时非常系统，分析透彻，运用了比较分析的所有规律。只要历史、政治、国防和军事背景相同或非常详细，他都会解释是什么导致了后来发展的重要差异，或者为什么没有发生变革或变革不够广泛。他在这方面很有见地。他研究的主要指导原则，或者说评估前共产主义国家国防机构的标准，是所谓的西方原则，或者他称之为 "西方思维"。简而言之，西方原则与东方原则的关系可以描述为一个国家在国防职能的规划、决策、管理和实施方面的差异。正如他所指出的，这些是前共产主义国家之间存在决定性差异的主要领域，否则就会与过去的政权和思维方式联系在一起。虽然作者将西方原则作为确定东方国家国防系统发展水平的基准，但他并未声称这是唯一和最好的原则。恰恰相反。在《北约输出其 "新军事模式"：为何行不通》一章中，他详细解释了错误或缺陷发生的时间、地点和原因，这些错误或缺陷至今仍影响着北约联盟的一些成员国未能在其中发挥应有的作用。然而，他并没有绕过这样一个事实，即西方民主的国防治理理念不能只是简单地按照他人的模式行事，而必须是实用和有效的，并符合每个国家自身的需求。在书中，作者列举了一些不好的做法，同时也强调了个别国家的一些独特的好办法。然而，各章中包含了不同地区和国家的各种具体情况，很难将其归类为好或坏，只留下需要新的具有更高功能性的解决方案的具体情况。
{"title":"»POŠTENA OBRAMBA« THOMASA DURELLA YOUNGA","authors":"Liliana Brožič","doi":"10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.20.3.6.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.20.3.6.x","url":null,"abstract":"Lani je pri britanski založbi Bloomsbury izšla nova knjiga dr. Thomasa Durella Younga z naslovom Anatomy of Post-Communist European Defence Institutions: The Mirage of Military Modernity. \u0000Avtorja verjetno ni treba posebej predstavljati vsem tistim, katerih delo je povezano z varnostnimi in obrambnimi zadevami. Za vse druge pa naj navedem, da gre za dolgoletnega predavatelja Centra za civilno-vojaške odnose iz Montereya v Kaliforniji v Združenih državah Amerike. Pred tem je bil raziskovalec na inštitutu za strateške študije na ameriški Army War College, kjer se je posvečal področju nacionalne obrambe in politično-vojaškim vprašanjem ter tudi združenemu načrtovanju, izvajanju sistemov in opravljanju postopkov. Doktoriral je iz mednarodne ekonomije v Ženevi. Je avtor več monografij. Od leta 1989 do 2017 je bil urednik publikacije Small War and Insurgencies, zdaj pa je urednik pri Defence & Security Analyses.\u0000Pomembno je, da je v okviru svojega dela v centru prepotoval večino evropskih držav in zelo dobro pozna njihove obrambne sisteme, obrambno in vojaško zgodovino ter številne odločevalce in strokovnjake na obrambnem in vojaškem področju, s katerimi je delil svoje poglede in izkušnje, v večini držav pa je bil tudi v funkciji obrambnega svetovalca.\u0000Gre torej za avtorja, čigar raziskovalno področje je zelo bogato tako v teoretičnem kot tudi v aplikativnem smislu, zato ne preseneča, da nova knjiga odraža odlično poznavanje zgodovinskega ozadja nekdanjih komunističnih držav, njihovih obrambnih sistemov in oboroženih sil.\u0000Delo je razdeljeno na devet poglavij. Poleg uvodnega in sklepnega poglavja si sledijo naslednji vsebinski sklopi: Stanje komunističnih obrambnih institucij in oboroženih sil leta 1990 (The State of Communist Defence Institutions and Armed Forces, circa 1990), Nato izvaža svoj »novi vojaški model«: Zakaj ne deluje (NATO Exports Its »New Model Army«: Why It Did Not Take), Obrambne institucije nekdanjih sovjetskih republik (Former Soviet Republics' Defence Institutions), Obrambne institucije nekdanjih republik varšavskega pakta (Former Warsaw Pact Republics' Defence Institutions, Obrambne institucije nekdanjih jugoslovanskih republik (Former Yugoslav Republics' Defence Institutions, Vzpostavitev obrambnih institucij: vpeljevanje zahodnega načina (Building Defence Instituions: Sharpening the Western Mind) ter Spreminjanje zahodne politike in menedžmenta obrambnih reform (Reforming Western Policy and Management of Defense Reform). Zadnje poglavje ima naslov Prehod k »pošteni obrambi« (Getting to Honest Deffense).\u0000Pri podajanju vsebine je Young zelo sistematičen in analitičen ter uporablja vse zakonitosti primerjalne analize. Povsod tam, kjer so zgodovinska, politična, obrambna in vojaška izhodišča identična ali zelo podrobna, pojasni, kaj je povzročilo pomembne razlike v nadaljnjem razvoju oziroma zakaj do sprememb ni prišlo ali pa te razlike niso bile dovolj obsežne. Pri tem je zelo pronicljiv. Glavno vodilo pri njegovem raziskovanju ali ","PeriodicalId":312853,"journal":{"name":"CONTEMPORARY MILITARY CHALLENGES","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127808758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-15DOI: 10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.20.3.4
Viktor Potočnik
Povzetek V članku je predstavljen poseben izziv, ki mu je, po mnenju avtorja, izpostavljena Slovenska vojska z novim paketom ciljev zmogljivosti 2017. Ta namreč predvideva vzpostavitev srednjih bataljonskih bojnih skupin (SrBBSk) z vozili, ki so opremljena s 30 mm topom. Srednja bataljonska bojna skupina predvideva opremljenost z oklepnimi transporterji, zato njeno bojevanje temelji na manevru izkrcane pehote, ne pa na samostojnem bojevanju vozila, ki pehoto izkrca le, če je treba. V tej luči vsebuje opremljanje vozil s 30 mm topom nekaj strokovnih neznank. Menimo, da bo treba za take srednje BBSk najti drugačne doktrinarne rešitve, ki pa jih v Slovenski vojski trenutno nimamo. Nekatere možnosti predstavljamo v tem članku. Ključne besede Slovenija, Slovenska vojska, srednja pehota, srednja bataljonska bojna skupina, bojno vozilo pehote, 30mm top Abstract This article highlights a specific challenge brought into the Slovenian Armed Forces with the latest NATO Capability Targets 2017. This calls for the delivery of Medium Infantry Battalion Groups, equipped with Infantry Fighting Vehicles (IFVs) mounted with cannons. The Medium Infantry Battalion Group, according to the latest NATO capability codes and capability statements (2016), is to be equipped with armoured personnel carriers; consequently its manoeuvre is based on dismounted infantry and not the vehicle. In light of that, equipping the Medium Infantry Battalion Group with a 30mm cannon presents some issues. We need to have a clear doctrinal answer on its employment. Some of the options are presented in this article. Key words Slovenia, Slovenian Armed Forces, medium infantry, medium infantry battalion group, infantry fighting vehicle, 30mm cannon
{"title":"ARMOURED PERSONNEL CARRIER OR INFANTRY FIGHTING VEHICLE IN AN MEDIUM INFANTRY BATTALION GROUP","authors":"Viktor Potočnik","doi":"10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.20.3.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.20.3.4","url":null,"abstract":"Povzetek\u0000V članku je predstavljen poseben izziv, ki mu je, po mnenju avtorja, izpostavljena Slovenska vojska z novim paketom ciljev zmogljivosti 2017. Ta namreč predvideva vzpostavitev srednjih bataljonskih bojnih skupin (SrBBSk) z vozili, ki so opremljena s 30 mm topom. Srednja bataljonska bojna skupina predvideva opremljenost z oklepnimi transporterji, zato njeno bojevanje temelji na manevru izkrcane pehote, ne pa na samostojnem bojevanju vozila, ki pehoto izkrca le, če je treba. V tej luči vsebuje opremljanje vozil s 30 mm topom nekaj strokovnih neznank. Menimo, da bo treba za take srednje BBSk najti drugačne doktrinarne rešitve, ki pa jih v Slovenski vojski trenutno nimamo. Nekatere možnosti predstavljamo v tem članku.\u0000Ključne besede\u0000Slovenija, Slovenska vojska, srednja pehota, srednja bataljonska bojna skupina, bojno vozilo pehote, 30mm top\u0000\u0000Abstract\u0000This article highlights a specific challenge brought into the Slovenian Armed Forces with the latest NATO Capability Targets 2017. This calls for the delivery of Medium Infantry Battalion Groups, equipped with Infantry Fighting Vehicles (IFVs) mounted with cannons. The Medium Infantry Battalion Group, according to the latest NATO capability codes and capability statements (2016), is to be equipped with armoured personnel carriers; consequently its manoeuvre is based on dismounted infantry and not the vehicle. In light of that, equipping the Medium Infantry Battalion Group with a 30mm cannon presents some issues. We need to have a clear doctrinal answer on its employment. Some of the options are presented in this article.\u0000Key words\u0000Slovenia, Slovenian Armed Forces, medium infantry, medium infantry battalion group, infantry fighting vehicle, 30mm cannon","PeriodicalId":312853,"journal":{"name":"CONTEMPORARY MILITARY CHALLENGES","volume":"386 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132047467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-15DOI: 10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.20.3
{"title":"PESCO – MORE SECURITY FOR EUROPE/PESCO – VEČ VARNOSTI ZA EVROPO","authors":"","doi":"10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.20.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.20.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":312853,"journal":{"name":"CONTEMPORARY MILITARY CHALLENGES","volume":"233 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115948622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-15DOI: 10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.20.2.5
Joanna E. Anderson, Irina Goldenberg, Jan-Michael Charles
Povzetek Rezervna sestava kanadskih oboroženih sil (CAF) je sestavljena iz več komponent. Največja komponenta je primarna rezervna sestava (P Res), katere namen je dopolnjevanje redne sestave (Reg F) pri delovanju doma in v tujini. Vloge pripadnikov stalne in primarne rezerve sestave so zato podobne, obstajajo pa tudi pomembni samostojni vidiki. Sodelovanje v primarni rezervni komponenti lahko prinese bistveno drugačne izkušnje in izzive, povezane z zadrževanjem kadra. V tem članku primerjamo podatke iz dveh nedavnih velikih raziskav: ankete kanadskih oboroženih sil o zadrževanju kadra v stalni sestavi (CAF Reg F Retention Survey) (n = 1956) in ankete kanadskih oboroženih sil o zadrževanju kadra v rezervni sestavi (CAF Reserve Force Retention Survey) (n = 3669). Rezultati so pokazali, da je tako pri pripadnikih stalne sestave kot pri pripadnikih rezervne sestave prisoten konflikt med njihovimi vojaškimi, civilnimi in zasebnimi vlogami, čeprav na različne načine. Iz rezultatov je prav tako mogoče sklepati, da so pogoste domneve, da naj bi pripadniki stalne sestave rezerviste dojemali kot manj predane od njih, neutemeljene. Presenetljivo je, da je bila čustvena in normativna predanost rezervistov višja od predanosti pripadnikov stalne sestave, razlog njihovega odhoda pa pogosto povezan z željo po večji in ne manjši vpetosti v vojsko. Priporočila avtorjev se osredotočajo predvsem na izboljšanje ravnovesja med poklicnim in zasebnim življenjem pripadnikov ter na enakost med komponentami. Ključne besede: kanadske oborožene sile, stalna sestava, primarna rezerva, rezervna sestava, zadrževanje kadra. Abstract The Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) Reserve Force comprises several subcomponents. The largest is the Primary Reserve (P Res), whose purpose is to supplement the Regular Force (Reg F) in operations at home and abroad. As such, there is similarity in the roles of Reg F and P Res members, but also important unique aspects. Membership of a primarily part-time force may result in significantly different experiences and retention-related challenges. This article compares data from two recent large-scale surveys: the CAF Reg F Retention Survey (n = 1,956) and the CAF Reserve Force Retention Survey (n = 3,669). The results indicated that both the Reg F members and the reservists experience conflict between their military, civilian, and personal roles, albeit in different ways. They also suggest that Reg F members’ oft-cited perceptions of reservists as being less dedicated than themselves are unfounded. Surprisingly, the reservists’ affective and normative commitment was higher than the Reg F members’, and their reasons for leaving often focused on a desire to be more, rather than less, involved with the military. Recommendations focus on improving work-life balance and equity between the components. Keywords: Canadian Armed Forces, Regular Force, Primary Reserve, Reserve Force, retention
{"title":"RESERVE FORCE: UNIQUE CONSIDERATIONS AND A COMPARISON WITH REGULAR FORCE ISSUES","authors":"Joanna E. Anderson, Irina Goldenberg, Jan-Michael Charles","doi":"10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.20.2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.20.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"Povzetek\u0000\u0000Rezervna sestava kanadskih oboroženih sil (CAF) je sestavljena iz več komponent. Največja komponenta je primarna rezervna sestava (P Res), katere namen je dopolnjevanje redne sestave (Reg F) pri delovanju doma in v tujini. Vloge pripadnikov stalne in primarne rezerve sestave so zato podobne, obstajajo pa tudi pomembni samostojni vidiki. Sodelovanje v primarni rezervni komponenti lahko prinese bistveno drugačne izkušnje in izzive, povezane z zadrževanjem kadra. V tem članku primerjamo podatke iz dveh nedavnih velikih raziskav: ankete kanadskih oboroženih sil o zadrževanju kadra v stalni sestavi (CAF Reg F Retention Survey) (n = 1956) in ankete kanadskih oboroženih sil o zadrževanju kadra v rezervni sestavi (CAF Reserve Force Retention Survey) (n = 3669). Rezultati so pokazali, da je tako pri pripadnikih stalne sestave kot pri pripadnikih rezervne sestave prisoten konflikt med njihovimi vojaškimi, civilnimi in zasebnimi vlogami, čeprav na različne načine. Iz rezultatov je prav tako mogoče sklepati, da so pogoste domneve, da naj bi pripadniki stalne sestave rezerviste dojemali kot manj predane od njih, neutemeljene. Presenetljivo je, da je bila čustvena in normativna predanost rezervistov višja od predanosti pripadnikov stalne sestave, razlog njihovega odhoda pa pogosto povezan z željo po večji in ne manjši vpetosti v vojsko. Priporočila avtorjev se osredotočajo predvsem na izboljšanje ravnovesja med poklicnim in zasebnim življenjem pripadnikov ter na enakost med komponentami.\u0000\u0000Ključne besede: kanadske oborožene sile, stalna sestava, primarna rezerva, rezervna sestava, zadrževanje kadra.\u0000\u0000Abstract \u0000\u0000The Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) Reserve Force comprises several subcomponents. The largest is the Primary Reserve (P Res), whose purpose is to supplement the Regular Force (Reg F) in operations at home and abroad. As such, there is similarity in the roles of Reg F and P Res members, but also important unique aspects. Membership of a primarily part-time force may result in significantly different experiences and retention-related challenges. This article compares data from two recent large-scale surveys: the CAF Reg F Retention Survey (n = 1,956) and the CAF Reserve Force Retention Survey (n = 3,669). The results indicated that both the Reg F members and the reservists experience conflict between their military, civilian, and personal roles, albeit in different ways. They also suggest that Reg F members’ oft-cited perceptions of reservists as being less dedicated than themselves are unfounded. Surprisingly, the reservists’ affective and normative commitment was higher than the Reg F members’, and their reasons for leaving often focused on a desire to be more, rather than less, involved with the military. Recommendations focus on improving work-life balance and equity between the components. \u0000\u0000Keywords: Canadian Armed Forces, Regular Force, Primary Reserve, Reserve Force, retention","PeriodicalId":312853,"journal":{"name":"CONTEMPORARY MILITARY CHALLENGES","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122449566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-15DOI: 10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.20.2.3
J. Griffith
Povzetek Po drugi svetovni vojni so se oborožene sile ZDA popolnjevale z vpoklicem ali obveznim služenjem vojaškega roka za fante. Ta praksa se je končala leta 1973 z uvedbo prostovoljnega popolnjevanja (All-Volunteer Force – AVF). Uvedba AVF pa je prinesla več novih izzivov, vključno z ustreznim pridobivanjem in zadrževanjem vojaškega kadra. Sčasoma je bilo treba sprejeti več prosilcev, saj se je pridobivanje kadra zmanjšalo. Bilo je manj zainteresiranih in ustreznih prosilcev, od teh pa še manj tistih, ki so ustrezali standardom. Ob uvedbi sprememb v nacionalni obrambni politiki in zaradi sodelovanja ZDA v nedavnih bojnih operacijah večjega obsega je prišlo do pomanjkanja pripravljenosti na področju pridobivanja in zadrževanja kadra. Nezadovoljiva pripravljenost se je najbolj kazala v rezervni sestavi, na kar se v tem članku tudi osredotočamo. S pomočjo opisa teh dogodkov prikazujemo medsebojno povezanost med pridobivanjem in zadrževanjem kadra ter pripravljenostjo, pri čemer kažemo na potrebo po bolj preudarnem razmisleku o tem, kako se vsak izmed njih izvaja, še zlasti v okviru AVF. Teorija identitete ponuja načine za razumevanje in razvijanje takih vrst vojaškega kadra, ki je potreben za lažje pridobivanje, zadrževanje in pripravo kadra. Ključne besede: vpoklic, obvezno služenje vojaškega roka, prostovoljno popolnjevanje, All-Volunteer Force – AVF, pridobivanje kadra, zadrževanje kadra, pripravljenost. Abstract After World War II “the draft”, or compulsory military service of young men, staffed U.S. forces. This practice ended in 1973 with the introduction of the All-Volunteer Force (AVF). However, staffing the AVF introduced several new challenges, including the adequate recruitment and retention of military personnel. Over time, more applicants had to be taken, as recruitment fell short. There were fewer interested and eligible applicants, and of these, even fewer who met the standards. A lack of readiness relating to both recruitment and retention became apparent as changes occurred in the national defense policy and the U.S.’s participation in recent large-scale combat operations. Inadequacies in readiness were most evident among the reserve forces – the focus of this paper. Through the description of these events, the inter-relationships between recruitment, retention, and readiness are demonstrated, pointing to the need for more deliberate thought with regard to how each is implemented, especially in the context of the AVF. Identity theory offers ways to understand and to develop the kinds of military personnel needed to better recruit, retain, and ready personnel. KEY WORDS draft, compulsory military service, all-volunteer force, recruitment, retention, readiness
{"title":"THE UNITED STATES ALL-VOLUNTEER FORCE: EMERGING (AND OFTEN UNANTICIPATED) ISSUES OF RECRUITMENT, RETENTION, AND READINESS","authors":"J. Griffith","doi":"10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.20.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.20.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"Povzetek\u0000Po drugi svetovni vojni so se oborožene sile ZDA popolnjevale z vpoklicem ali obveznim služenjem vojaškega roka za fante. Ta praksa se je končala leta 1973 z uvedbo prostovoljnega popolnjevanja (All-Volunteer Force – AVF). Uvedba AVF pa je prinesla več novih izzivov, vključno z ustreznim pridobivanjem in zadrževanjem vojaškega kadra. Sčasoma je bilo treba sprejeti več prosilcev, saj se je pridobivanje kadra zmanjšalo. Bilo je manj zainteresiranih in ustreznih prosilcev, od teh pa še manj tistih, ki so ustrezali standardom. Ob uvedbi sprememb v nacionalni obrambni politiki in zaradi sodelovanja ZDA v nedavnih bojnih operacijah večjega obsega je prišlo do pomanjkanja pripravljenosti na področju pridobivanja in zadrževanja kadra. Nezadovoljiva pripravljenost se je najbolj kazala v rezervni sestavi, na kar se v tem članku tudi osredotočamo. S pomočjo opisa teh dogodkov prikazujemo medsebojno povezanost med pridobivanjem in zadrževanjem kadra ter pripravljenostjo, pri čemer kažemo na potrebo po bolj preudarnem razmisleku o tem, kako se vsak izmed njih izvaja, še zlasti v okviru AVF. Teorija identitete ponuja načine za razumevanje in razvijanje takih vrst vojaškega kadra, ki je potreben za lažje pridobivanje, zadrževanje in pripravo kadra.\u0000\u0000Ključne besede: vpoklic, obvezno služenje vojaškega roka, prostovoljno popolnjevanje, All-Volunteer Force – AVF, pridobivanje kadra, zadrževanje kadra, pripravljenost.\u0000\u0000Abstract\u0000After World War II “the draft”, or compulsory military service of young men, staffed U.S. forces. This practice ended in 1973 with the introduction of the All-Volunteer Force (AVF). However, staffing the AVF introduced several new challenges, including the adequate recruitment and retention of military personnel. Over time, more applicants had to be taken, as recruitment fell short. There were fewer interested and eligible applicants, and of these, even fewer who met the standards. A lack of readiness relating to both recruitment and retention became apparent as changes occurred in the national defense policy and the U.S.’s participation in recent large-scale combat operations. Inadequacies in readiness were most evident among the reserve forces – the focus of this paper. Through the description of these events, the inter-relationships between recruitment, retention, and readiness are demonstrated, pointing to the need for more deliberate thought with regard to how each is implemented, especially in the context of the AVF. Identity theory offers ways to understand and to develop the kinds of military personnel needed to better recruit, retain, and ready personnel. \u0000\u0000KEY WORDS draft, compulsory military service, all-volunteer force, recruitment, retention, readiness","PeriodicalId":312853,"journal":{"name":"CONTEMPORARY MILITARY CHALLENGES","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131920516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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