Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.20547/jms.2014.2108206
Ansar Abbas, K. Mehmood
: Start-ups although small, are great contributors in any economy. Marketing being essential function for their survival, this study aims to examine the use of digital marketing by start-up companies in India using two models TPB and TAM. The Proposed conceptual theoretical model is being tested empirically using a data comprised of 282 founders/owners of start-up companies, collected through structured questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) is carried out for model fitness and structural equation modeling for path regression analysis. The results of the study suggest that perceived usefulness of digital marketing, attitude towards digital marketing, and perceived behavioral control of the founders/owners of startups significantly positively impact their intentions to use digital marketing and digital marketing adoption. The suggestions will help start-ups for adoption of digital marketing for their businesses and will give some meaningful in sights to the strategy formulation for marketing by start-ups. This study makes valuable contribution towards the theoretical aspect of digital marketing, specifically with respect to start-ups.
{"title":"Understanding Digital Marketing Adoption in India: Integrated by Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) Framework","authors":"Ansar Abbas, K. Mehmood","doi":"10.20547/jms.2014.2108206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20547/jms.2014.2108206","url":null,"abstract":": Start-ups although small, are great contributors in any economy. Marketing being essential function for their survival, this study aims to examine the use of digital marketing by start-up companies in India using two models TPB and TAM. The Proposed conceptual theoretical model is being tested empirically using a data comprised of 282 founders/owners of start-up companies, collected through structured questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) is carried out for model fitness and structural equation modeling for path regression analysis. The results of the study suggest that perceived usefulness of digital marketing, attitude towards digital marketing, and perceived behavioral control of the founders/owners of startups significantly positively impact their intentions to use digital marketing and digital marketing adoption. The suggestions will help start-ups for adoption of digital marketing for their businesses and will give some meaningful in sights to the strategy formulation for marketing by start-ups. This study makes valuable contribution towards the theoretical aspect of digital marketing, specifically with respect to start-ups.","PeriodicalId":31323,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Management Sciences","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81026441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.20547/jms.2014.2108104
Muhammad Amir Ch., Hafiza Safia Shaukat, Maham Iqbal
The purpose of current study is to identify the influence of liking of advertisement, message credibility and corporate culture fit on job satisfaction and organizational pride with evolution of organizational perceived CSR engagement as a mediator between them in the manufacturing sector Pakistan. Total of 298 responses were picked for the final analysis. SPSS and AMOS are used to get the results regarding Structural Equation Modeling as well as Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Results demonstrated that liking of advertisement has a significant relationship with job satisfaction and organizational pride. Message credibility also influences job satisfaction, but it depicts insignificant relation with organizational pride. Moreover, corporate culture fit shows no positive relationship with job satisfaction, however, has a significant impact on organizational pride. Moreover, perceived CSR engagement mediates between all the observed variables. This research considers a broader approach in order to identify the role of perceived organizational CSR engagement as a mediator for all mentioned variables on the back of growing Pakistan economy. For studies in future other scholars can get facilitation from it. Moreover, this research represents unique evidences as well as literature which are supported with theories of observed variables. The value is examined in context of sector of manufacturing of Pakistan.
{"title":"Impact on Job Satisfaction and Organizational Pride through Evaluation of Perceived Organizational CSR: A Structural Equation Modelling","authors":"Muhammad Amir Ch., Hafiza Safia Shaukat, Maham Iqbal","doi":"10.20547/jms.2014.2108104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20547/jms.2014.2108104","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of current study is to identify the influence of liking of advertisement, message credibility and corporate culture fit on job satisfaction and organizational pride with evolution of organizational perceived CSR engagement as a mediator between them in the manufacturing sector Pakistan. Total of 298 responses were picked for the final analysis. SPSS and AMOS are used to get the results regarding Structural Equation Modeling as well as Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Results demonstrated that liking of advertisement has a significant relationship with job satisfaction and organizational pride. Message credibility also influences job satisfaction, but it depicts insignificant relation with organizational pride. Moreover, corporate culture fit shows no positive relationship with job satisfaction, however, has a significant impact on organizational pride. Moreover, perceived CSR engagement mediates between all the observed variables. This research considers a broader approach in order to identify the role of perceived organizational CSR engagement as a mediator for all mentioned variables on the back of growing Pakistan economy. For studies in future other scholars can get facilitation from it. Moreover, this research represents unique evidences as well as literature which are supported with theories of observed variables. The value is examined in context of sector of manufacturing of Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":31323,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Management Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79641860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.20547/jms.2014.2108105
Syed Rahmat Ullah Shah, Nadia Gilani, S. Waheed
{"title":"Enhancing Employee Involvement in Sustainability Activities: Evidence from Public Sector Universities","authors":"Syed Rahmat Ullah Shah, Nadia Gilani, S. Waheed","doi":"10.20547/jms.2014.2108105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20547/jms.2014.2108105","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":31323,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Management Sciences","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89219036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.20547/JMS.2014.2108103
K. Tomita
: Drug discovery ventures find candidate substances likely to develop into new drugs by selecting and concentrating management resources that specialize in basic and exploratory research and license them to pharmaceutical companies. They conduct R&D activities on the premise of open innovation; however, the number of their licensing cases is small. Therefore, in this study, we conducted a questionnaire survey to find variables that affect the performance of open innovation. Questionnaires were mailed to 349 drug discovery venture companies in Japan (41 addresses unknown), and valid responses were collected from 42 companies (response rate: 13.6%). Using a SEM analysis, we found the importance of communication in open innovation. Communication has direct impact on open innovation and has been found to enhance open innovation through customer orientation. Drug discovery ventures are the ultimate technology-oriented companies, and, while they tend to lower their communication awareness in business negotiations, they must raise their communication awareness to improve the performance of open innovation.
{"title":"Communication for Open Innovation in Japanese Drug Discovery Ventures","authors":"K. Tomita","doi":"10.20547/JMS.2014.2108103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20547/JMS.2014.2108103","url":null,"abstract":": Drug discovery ventures find candidate substances likely to develop into new drugs by selecting and concentrating management resources that specialize in basic and exploratory research and license them to pharmaceutical companies. They conduct R&D activities on the premise of open innovation; however, the number of their licensing cases is small. Therefore, in this study, we conducted a questionnaire survey to find variables that affect the performance of open innovation. Questionnaires were mailed to 349 drug discovery venture companies in Japan (41 addresses unknown), and valid responses were collected from 42 companies (response rate: 13.6%). Using a SEM analysis, we found the importance of communication in open innovation. Communication has direct impact on open innovation and has been found to enhance open innovation through customer orientation. Drug discovery ventures are the ultimate technology-oriented companies, and, while they tend to lower their communication awareness in business negotiations, they must raise their communication awareness to improve the performance of open innovation.","PeriodicalId":31323,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Management Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86700116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.20547/jms.2014.2108102
D. Godil, Muhammad Usman, Naveed Naseem Siddiqui
The purpose of this research is to investigate the reflection of human resource (HR) practices on organizational performance by utilizing the Islamic principle as a moderating variable. The sample of the research roams around the Islamic banks of Karachi, Pakistan. The convenience sampling technique has been used to gather the responses of 242 employees working in Islamic banks. Whereas, structural equation modeling was used to study the data. The overall result of the study concluded that few human resource practices are correlated with organizational performance while sharing the positive relation such as performance appraisal system, employee involvement, and selection & recruitment. The moderating effect of the application of Islamic principles results showed that compensation and performance appraisal contribute towards overall improvement however, training & development, and selection & recruitment contribute towards the reduction of organizational performance due to the application of Islamic principles. The research suggests that the HR practices are crucial for the overall organization's success therefore, the mangers at Islamic banks must put extra effort into designing the selection process that best matches the requirement of the job. The relevant job information to employees will help them performing job duties according to the management’s expectations. Lastly but importantly, managers should follow the application of Islamic principles in providing monetary benefits to the employees as it will become a pure source of motivation and active participation from the employees.
{"title":"Do Islamic Principles moderate the Interaction between Human Resource Practices and Islamic Banking Performance in Pakistan?","authors":"D. Godil, Muhammad Usman, Naveed Naseem Siddiqui","doi":"10.20547/jms.2014.2108102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20547/jms.2014.2108102","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research is to investigate the reflection of human resource (HR) practices on organizational performance by utilizing the Islamic principle as a moderating variable. The sample of the research roams around the Islamic banks of Karachi, Pakistan. The convenience sampling technique has been used to gather the responses of 242 employees working in Islamic banks. Whereas, structural equation modeling was used to study the data. The overall result of the study concluded that few human resource practices are correlated with organizational performance while sharing the positive relation such as performance appraisal system, employee involvement, and selection & recruitment. The moderating effect of the application of Islamic principles results showed that compensation and performance appraisal contribute towards overall improvement however, training & development, and selection & recruitment contribute towards the reduction of organizational performance due to the application of Islamic principles. The research suggests that the HR practices are crucial for the overall organization's success therefore, the mangers at Islamic banks must put extra effort into designing the selection process that best matches the requirement of the job. The relevant job information to employees will help them performing job duties according to the management’s expectations. Lastly but importantly, managers should follow the application of Islamic principles in providing monetary benefits to the employees as it will become a pure source of motivation and active participation from the employees.","PeriodicalId":31323,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Management Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77928453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.20547/jms.2014.2108101
F. Noghani
In their role as a leader and in the process of achieving their goals, charismatic leaders incorporate various strategies to utilize certain capabilities of their followers. One form of such strategies is to manage followers’ cognitive dissonance. To manage others’ dissonance could be interpreted as acting to either reduce or induce it. In this paper, we propose that charismatic leaders may seek to, through various mechanisms, facilitate either cognitive discrepancy reduction or induction in followers. Drawing on the self-standards and the action-based models of cognitive dissonance theory, we explain how charismatic leaders are empowered to do so by the interaction of situational opportunities and their own motivations and abilities. Specifically, we focus on the relevant impression management techniques (i.e., amplifying, scripting, promotion, and exemplification) that charismatic leaders utilize in the process of managing followers’ dissonance. We also propose that the type of the charismatic relationship, i.e., personalized or socialized, formed between leaders and followers of certain characteristics, moderate this process.
{"title":"``Your Cognition, My Territory”: Charismatic Leaders’ Management of Follower Cognitive Dissonance","authors":"F. Noghani","doi":"10.20547/jms.2014.2108101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20547/jms.2014.2108101","url":null,"abstract":"In their role as a leader and in the process of achieving their goals, charismatic leaders incorporate various strategies to utilize certain capabilities of their followers. One form of such strategies is to manage followers’ cognitive dissonance. To manage others’ dissonance could be interpreted as acting to either reduce or induce it. In this paper, we propose that charismatic leaders may seek to, through various mechanisms, facilitate either cognitive discrepancy reduction or induction in followers. Drawing on the self-standards and the action-based models of cognitive dissonance theory, we explain how charismatic leaders are empowered to do so by the interaction of situational opportunities and their own motivations and abilities. Specifically, we focus on the relevant impression management techniques (i.e., amplifying, scripting, promotion, and exemplification) that charismatic leaders utilize in the process of managing followers’ dissonance. We also propose that the type of the charismatic relationship, i.e., personalized or socialized, formed between leaders and followers of certain characteristics, moderate this process.","PeriodicalId":31323,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Management Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79242611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.21621/SAJMS.2021151.03
Saad Shahid, Sohail Zafar
Market mavens are people who voluntarily spread information regarding brands not expecting any rewards or appreciation in return. With the presence of increasingly similar products in high street fashion apparel retail industry, the real challenge is to steer marketing communication efforts in the direction of developing interpersonal consumer-brand bond and also acknowledging the crucial role of market mavens as a strong external influence. This study aims to (a) determine the relationship of each of the three brand positioning strategies namely; benefit brand positioning strategy, surrogate brand positioning strategy and feature brand positioning strategy with brand love, (b) understand whether market mavens moderate the relationships between the three brand positioning strategies and brand love, and (c) identify demographic characteristics of likely market mavens. Building onto extant literature, a theoretical model is proposed and empirically tested with the help of survey responses from 607 young consumers of private universities in Pakistan. Results show that benefit brand positioning strategy, surrogate brand positioning strategy and feature brand positioning strategy have a relationship with brand love which is moderated by an interpersonal influence of market mavens. However, the interaction effects of all three brand positioning strategies vary in strength. Results of the study also draw up a demographic profile of market mavens suggesting that they are mostly females, well educated, slightly older consumers residing in metropolitan cities, thereby suggesting concrete practical implications towards the end.
{"title":"The Moderating Role of Market Mavens in Explaining the Impact of Brand Positioning Strategies on Brand Love","authors":"Saad Shahid, Sohail Zafar","doi":"10.21621/SAJMS.2021151.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21621/SAJMS.2021151.03","url":null,"abstract":"Market mavens are people who voluntarily spread information regarding brands not expecting any rewards or appreciation in return. With the presence of increasingly similar products in high street fashion apparel retail industry, the real challenge is to steer marketing communication efforts in the direction of developing interpersonal consumer-brand bond and also acknowledging the crucial role of market mavens as a strong external influence. This study aims to (a) determine the relationship of each of the three brand positioning strategies namely; benefit brand positioning strategy, surrogate brand positioning strategy and feature brand positioning strategy with brand love, (b) understand whether market mavens moderate the relationships between the three brand positioning strategies and brand love, and (c) identify demographic characteristics of likely market mavens. Building onto extant literature, a theoretical model is proposed and empirically tested with the help of survey responses from 607 young consumers of private universities in Pakistan. Results show that benefit brand positioning strategy, surrogate brand positioning strategy and feature brand positioning strategy have a relationship with brand love which is moderated by an interpersonal influence of market mavens. However, the interaction effects of all three brand positioning strategies vary in strength. Results of the study also draw up a demographic profile of market mavens suggesting that they are mostly females, well educated, slightly older consumers residing in metropolitan cities, thereby suggesting concrete practical implications towards the end.","PeriodicalId":31323,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Management Sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68572809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.21621/SAJMS.2021151.01
Muhammad Fawad, Areeba Khan
{"title":"Are Single Trigger Contingent Capital Certificates an Effective Tool to Manage Risk?","authors":"Muhammad Fawad, Areeba Khan","doi":"10.21621/SAJMS.2021151.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21621/SAJMS.2021151.01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":31323,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Management Sciences","volume":"93 1","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68572720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.21621/sajms.2021152.01
M. Farhan, Zeeshan Atiq, S. Zaidi
The paper explores the impact of shocks in oil prices on the stock market for the oil importing and exporting nations. As Pakistan is heavily dependent on imports of oil therefore, we focus on Pakistan as an oil importing nation and have taken Iran, as an oil exporting nation because, it is considered to be among top ten nations of the world that exports oil. Various studies in Pakistan have investigates the relationship between shocks in prices of oil and return on the stock but none of the study has examined the association between shocks in oil prices and return on the stock market by comparing Pakistan and Iran as an oil importer and exporter nations of the world. This study has employed Autoregressive Distributed Lag model to find out the relationship between dependent and independent variables. We have taken prices of oil as an independent variable, whereas, stock price has been taken as a dependent variable. On the other hand, rate of exchange and rate of interest are the other independent variables. The results of this study and bound test reveals a long run association between prices of oil and the stock return for both nations. It has been indicated in the results that high oil prices have an adverse impact on market of stock for an oil importing nation (i.e., Pakistan) and have positively impacted on Iran which is an oil exporter nation. The results confirm that oil price shock contributed towards positively affecting the market of stock of an oil exporter nation but negatively affected the stock market if an oil importing nation. The author recommended the investors of both nations to evaluate various alternatives to diversify portfolios of their stock market by utilizing other financial assets.
{"title":"Oil Price Shocks and Stock Market Performance: A comparison between Oil Exporting and Oil Importing Nations","authors":"M. Farhan, Zeeshan Atiq, S. Zaidi","doi":"10.21621/sajms.2021152.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21621/sajms.2021152.01","url":null,"abstract":"The paper explores the impact of shocks in oil prices on the stock market for the oil importing and exporting nations. As Pakistan is heavily dependent on imports of oil therefore, we focus on Pakistan as an oil importing nation and have taken Iran, as an oil exporting nation because, it is considered to be among top ten nations of the world that exports oil. Various studies in Pakistan have investigates the relationship between shocks in prices of oil and return on the stock but none of the study has examined the association between shocks in oil prices and return on the stock market by comparing Pakistan and Iran as an oil importer and exporter nations of the world. This study has employed Autoregressive Distributed Lag model to find out the relationship between dependent and independent variables. We have taken prices of oil as an independent variable, whereas, stock price has been taken as a dependent variable. On the other hand, rate of exchange and rate of interest are the other independent variables. The results of this study and bound test reveals a long run association between prices of oil and the stock return for both nations. It has been indicated in the results that high oil prices have an adverse impact on market of stock for an oil importing nation (i.e., Pakistan) and have positively impacted on Iran which is an oil exporter nation. The results confirm that oil price shock contributed towards positively affecting the market of stock of an oil exporter nation but negatively affected the stock market if an oil importing nation. The author recommended the investors of both nations to evaluate various alternatives to diversify portfolios of their stock market by utilizing other financial assets.","PeriodicalId":31323,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Management Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68573029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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