This article is aimed at revealing the effects of mechanized farming and industrialization on Oromo ritual/sacred sites by focusing on Tulama and Arsi Oromo of Ethiopia. Qualitative research methodology was exploited to generate and analyze data. Data was collected through observation, interview and focus group discussion. Findings of the research indicated that, sacred sites of the Oromo are highly affected by mechanized farming and industrialization in the study areas. International and national legal frameworks guarantee people’s right to religion, self determination and property. Nonetheless, sacred/ritual sites in the area are occupied, narrowed and enclosed by mechanized farming and industries. Hence, the investments restricted activities performed in the site and denied community’s access to their land. Expropriation of landholdings does not recognize ritual sites as places with rich customs, reverence, celebration and belief systems of the local communities; this is not compatible with the basic rights enshrined in FDRE constitution. The result of this research therefore can serve as an input for policy formulation of the country concerning natural environment in an attempt to ensure communities’ right to sacred sites and ritual performances.
{"title":"Foreign Currency at the Expense of Domestic Identity: The Effects of Mechanized Farming and Industries on Oromo Sacred Natural Sites","authors":"Dr.Sc. Lenin Kuto, M. Bacha, M. Baru","doi":"10.21113/IIR.V10I1.554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21113/IIR.V10I1.554","url":null,"abstract":"This article is aimed at revealing the effects of mechanized farming and industrialization on Oromo ritual/sacred sites by focusing on Tulama and Arsi Oromo of Ethiopia. Qualitative research methodology was exploited to generate and analyze data. Data was collected through observation, interview and focus group discussion. Findings of the research indicated that, sacred sites of the Oromo are highly affected by mechanized farming and industrialization in the study areas. International and national legal frameworks guarantee people’s right to religion, self determination and property. Nonetheless, sacred/ritual sites in the area are occupied, narrowed and enclosed by mechanized farming and industries. Hence, the investments restricted activities performed in the site and denied community’s access to their land. Expropriation of landholdings does not recognize ritual sites as places with rich customs, reverence, celebration and belief systems of the local communities; this is not compatible with the basic rights enshrined in FDRE constitution. The result of this research therefore can serve as an input for policy formulation of the country concerning natural environment in an attempt to ensure communities’ right to sacred sites and ritual performances.","PeriodicalId":31358,"journal":{"name":"ILIRIA International Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45517154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
After the installation of the Communist Regime and rejection of the democratic elections in Albania in 1945, the relations with the West worsened. The rulers of that time implemented the Stalinist economic system, which testifies to the friendly relations between the Soviet Union and Albania, and later with the People's Republic of China. Through this research, we aim to highlight the transformation of the economic system in Albania, the state that in 1967 was declared as the first atheist in the world. The communist system of government and protectionism led to the violation of fundamental human rights and values, the isolation of the inhabitants from the rest of the world, and a ruined and destroyed economy. Using the descriptive and statistical method, we will reveal how Albania has benefited immediately after the collapse of the communist system and the centralized economy, replacing it with the democratic system and free trade. We will see how the economic trend in post-communist Albania has substituted, starting with the transition from state to private property, to Albania's participation in the international trade arena.
{"title":"The economic development and trade liberalization in the post-communist Albania","authors":"sc. Xhemail Çupi, Sc. Fisnik Muça","doi":"10.21113/IIR.V10I2.595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21113/IIR.V10I2.595","url":null,"abstract":"After the installation of the Communist Regime and rejection of the democratic elections in Albania in 1945, the relations with the West worsened. The rulers of that time implemented the Stalinist economic system, which testifies to the friendly relations between the Soviet Union and Albania, and later with the People's Republic of China. Through this research, we aim to highlight the transformation of the economic system in Albania, the state that in 1967 was declared as the first atheist in the world. The communist system of government and protectionism led to the violation of fundamental human rights and values, the isolation of the inhabitants from the rest of the world, and a ruined and destroyed economy. Using the descriptive and statistical method, we will reveal how Albania has benefited immediately after the collapse of the communist system and the centralized economy, replacing it with the democratic system and free trade. We will see how the economic trend in post-communist Albania has substituted, starting with the transition from state to private property, to Albania's participation in the international trade arena.","PeriodicalId":31358,"journal":{"name":"ILIRIA International Review","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67851138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main objective of this study is to assess the Practices and Challenges of the Oromia branch Ombudsman Institution in Impacting Public Sector Governance and Service Delivery. The study employed qualitative approach and evaluative design. Primary Data was collected using interview and FGD. The findings of the study showed that lack of accessibility, budget and human resource shortage, lack of institutional competence, weak performance, and a very weak linkage with other public sectors and with media found to be of the major challenges. Some of the recommendations forwarded by this study are: The regions ombudsmen institutions in general and the Oromia branch ombudsman in particular should be accountable to the regional legislature; the Oromia branch ombudsman institution should improve its professionalism in order to conduct its activities more effectively as the success of any ombudsman is mainly determined by the personality of the representative/commissioner. Moreover, the Oromia branch ombudsman should ensure its independence at any cost so as to secure public confidence; it should maintain continuous dialogue or awareness raising forums with government officials, private groups and civil society groups so that it is possible to make its roles known; and should use the media to educate and promote public awareness of its mandate or roles so that it can reach the wider mass.
{"title":"Practices and Challenges of the Oromiya Branch Ombudsman Institution in Impacting Public Sector Governance and Service Delivery","authors":"MSc. Girma Defere, MSc. Bisrat Gebru","doi":"10.21113/IIR.V9I2.521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21113/IIR.V9I2.521","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of this study is to assess the Practices and Challenges of the Oromia branch Ombudsman Institution in Impacting Public Sector Governance and Service Delivery. The study employed qualitative approach and evaluative design. Primary Data was collected using interview and FGD. The findings of the study showed that lack of accessibility, budget and human resource shortage, lack of institutional competence, weak performance, and a very weak linkage with other public sectors and with media found to be of the major challenges. Some of the recommendations forwarded by this study are: The regions ombudsmen institutions in general and the Oromia branch ombudsman in particular should be accountable to the regional legislature; the Oromia branch ombudsman institution should improve its professionalism in order to conduct its activities more effectively as the success of any ombudsman is mainly determined by the personality of the representative/commissioner. Moreover, the Oromia branch ombudsman should ensure its independence at any cost so as to secure public confidence; it should maintain continuous dialogue or awareness raising forums with government officials, private groups and civil society groups so that it is possible to make its roles known; and should use the media to educate and promote public awareness of its mandate or roles so that it can reach the wider mass.","PeriodicalId":31358,"journal":{"name":"ILIRIA International Review","volume":"9 1","pages":"65-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47017634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Given the fact that post-war Kosova was in a serious socio-economic situation, immediate recovery of the contry was needed. Kosova's post-war business challenges were enormous, Kosova's economy comprised a new and open economy driven by a centralized and regulated economy. So far, Kosova has made progress in business creation and development, but the challenges and problems remain significant. The International Interim Administration in Kosova established after 1999, which operated until 2003, enabled the temporary registration of businesses. After 2003 the business registration became a positive trend, where the temporary registration of businesses became permanent registration of businesses. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the establishment and development of new businesses, the establishment of new women-owned business structures in Kosova, analyze and identify the most preferred economic investment activities of these registered businesses. To achieve this purpose of comparative analysis and identification, the integrative review method is used.
{"title":"The Performance of establishing and developing new businesses in the Republic of Kosova 2017-2019","authors":"Ma. Getoar Lubeniqi","doi":"10.21113/IIR.V9I2.517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21113/IIR.V9I2.517","url":null,"abstract":"Given the fact that post-war Kosova was in a serious socio-economic situation, immediate recovery of the contry was needed. Kosova's post-war business challenges were enormous, Kosova's economy comprised a new and open economy driven by a centralized and regulated economy. So far, Kosova has made progress in business creation and development, but the challenges and problems remain significant. The International Interim Administration in Kosova established after 1999, which operated until 2003, enabled the temporary registration of businesses. After 2003 the business registration became a positive trend, where the temporary registration of businesses became permanent registration of businesses. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the establishment and development of new businesses, the establishment of new women-owned business structures in Kosova, analyze and identify the most preferred economic investment activities of these registered businesses. To achieve this purpose of comparative analysis and identification, the integrative review method is used.","PeriodicalId":31358,"journal":{"name":"ILIRIA International Review","volume":"9 1","pages":"269-281"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67874557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Organized retailing in Bangladesh is growing rapidly. Though the researchers and academicians studied the retail industry of Bangladesh in different dimension, very few of them intended to explore the challenges of traditional retailers so far. In line with this problem, the objective of this study is to identify the challenges of the traditional FMCGs retailers in emergence of organized retailing in Sylhet city. The study is quantitative in nature, data were collected from 400 traditional retailers on the basis of convenience with a semi-structured questionnaire. In analyzing data, descriptive statistics and factor analysis were used with the SPSS software. The traditional retailing is male dominated, low capital and turnover, small sized business in Sylhet and are facing challenges like decrease in sales and revenue, maintaining more hygienic environment, ensure the availability of quality products, launching the use of technology etc. in emergence of organized retailing. To minimize the challenges, the traditional FMCGs retailers need to be educated to obtain knowledge on business, ensure quality products and services, establish joint venture or partnership with other retailers to create chain stores, design effective loyalty programs and arranging customized merchandize for the loyal customers etc. The present study will help the traditional retailers in identify the real challenges of their business and designing strategies to minimize those. The policy makers and stakeholders may also get insight from the study in formulating policies to protect the traditional retail business from the competition of organized retail.
{"title":"The Challenges of Traditional Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCGs) Retailers of Sylhet in Emergence of Organized Retailing","authors":"Md.Jahangir Alam","doi":"10.21113/IIR.V9I2.511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21113/IIR.V9I2.511","url":null,"abstract":"Organized retailing in Bangladesh is growing rapidly. Though the researchers and academicians studied the retail industry of Bangladesh in different dimension, very few of them intended to explore the challenges of traditional retailers so far. In line with this problem, the objective of this study is to identify the challenges of the traditional FMCGs retailers in emergence of organized retailing in Sylhet city. The study is quantitative in nature, data were collected from 400 traditional retailers on the basis of convenience with a semi-structured questionnaire. In analyzing data, descriptive statistics and factor analysis were used with the SPSS software. The traditional retailing is male dominated, low capital and turnover, small sized business in Sylhet and are facing challenges like decrease in sales and revenue, maintaining more hygienic environment, ensure the availability of quality products, launching the use of technology etc. in emergence of organized retailing. To minimize the challenges, the traditional FMCGs retailers need to be educated to obtain knowledge on business, ensure quality products and services, establish joint venture or partnership with other retailers to create chain stores, design effective loyalty programs and arranging customized merchandize for the loyal customers etc. The present study will help the traditional retailers in identify the real challenges of their business and designing strategies to minimize those. The policy makers and stakeholders may also get insight from the study in formulating policies to protect the traditional retail business from the competition of organized retail.","PeriodicalId":31358,"journal":{"name":"ILIRIA International Review","volume":"9 1","pages":"138-165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47480234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research presents a general theoretical overview and empirical research on e-recruitment strategies in enterprises of the Republic of Kosovo and at the same time evaluates the effect of e-recruitment on the employment process. The study mainly focused on data from the survey of 317 managers of different levels and owners of enterprises who are present or involved in the Strategic Human Resource Management process. These data argued for the increased potential of electronic recruitment for qualitative selection, competitive advantage and other benefits. Electronic recruitment, although not an official part of recruitment, significantly enhanced the recruitment process and changed the nature of the current recruitment process. Deillon (2014) defines electronic recruitment as a new information technology tool for selecting one of the most important human resource resources. While Barber (1998) defines it as an activity to fill positions efficiently and effectively.
{"title":"Impact of e-recruitment strategies in enterprises of the Republic of Kosovo","authors":"MSc. Blerim Dragusha, Dr.Sc. Saso Josimovski, Dr.Sc. Dimitar Jovevski","doi":"10.21113/IIR.V9I2.510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21113/IIR.V9I2.510","url":null,"abstract":"This research presents a general theoretical overview and empirical research on e-recruitment strategies in enterprises of the Republic of Kosovo and at the same time evaluates the effect of e-recruitment on the employment process. The study mainly focused on data from the survey of 317 managers of different levels and owners of enterprises who are present or involved in the Strategic Human Resource Management process. These data argued for the increased potential of electronic recruitment for qualitative selection, competitive advantage and other benefits. Electronic recruitment, although not an official part of recruitment, significantly enhanced the recruitment process and changed the nature of the current recruitment process. Deillon (2014) defines electronic recruitment as a new information technology tool for selecting one of the most important human resource resources. While Barber (1998) defines it as an activity to fill positions efficiently and effectively.","PeriodicalId":31358,"journal":{"name":"ILIRIA International Review","volume":"9 1","pages":"119-135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43872421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The focus of the present study is the exploration of factors related to physical parental punishment and the display of aggression among school-age children. The study was conducted in Tirana and Durres with children of seven elementary schools, in a total of 830 children of the group-age 7 to 11 years old. Our aim is to identify the differences between physically punished children and physically non-punished children in the emergence of aggressiveness in general, identification of forms of aggression that exhibit the physically punished children, identification of gender differences in the manifestation of forms of aggression in physically punished children. We used the Direct and Indirect Aggression Scales (Bjorkqvist, Lagerspetz & Osterman, 1992) and four questionnaires were designed to collect information from the child whether the parents were involved in these forms of punishment or not. The results of the study showed that there were differences in the display of aggressiveness among physically punished children and physically non-punished children; there was also a tendency for physically punished children to exhibit a higher level of Direct Aggression. Findings also emerged in terms of gender differences in the appearance of aggressiveness in physically punished children. The conclusions highlight the role played by the physical punitive factor in the emergence of aggressive behaviour in children. In this context, the role of parental patterns and what they transmit to the child should be taken into account by the authoritarian figures that are in daily contact with the child - parents or teachers.
{"title":"The Physical Punishment in the Emerging of Children Aggressive Behaviours","authors":"Dr.Sc. Eglantina Dervishi, Dr.Sc. Silva Ibrahimi","doi":"10.21113/IIR.V9I2.507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21113/IIR.V9I2.507","url":null,"abstract":"The focus of the present study is the exploration of factors related to physical parental punishment and the display of aggression among school-age children. The study was conducted in Tirana and Durres with children of seven elementary schools, in a total of 830 children of the group-age 7 to 11 years old. Our aim is to identify the differences between physically punished children and physically non-punished children in the emergence of aggressiveness in general, identification of forms of aggression that exhibit the physically punished children, identification of gender differences in the manifestation of forms of aggression in physically punished children. We used the Direct and Indirect Aggression Scales (Bjorkqvist, Lagerspetz & Osterman, 1992) and four questionnaires were designed to collect information from the child whether the parents were involved in these forms of punishment or not. The results of the study showed that there were differences in the display of aggressiveness among physically punished children and physically non-punished children; there was also a tendency for physically punished children to exhibit a higher level of Direct Aggression. Findings also emerged in terms of gender differences in the appearance of aggressiveness in physically punished children. The conclusions highlight the role played by the physical punitive factor in the emergence of aggressive behaviour in children. In this context, the role of parental patterns and what they transmit to the child should be taken into account by the authoritarian figures that are in daily contact with the child - parents or teachers.","PeriodicalId":31358,"journal":{"name":"ILIRIA International Review","volume":"9 1","pages":"53-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46103843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
For many countries in Europe, both in the West and in the East, the nineteenth century was critical in their respective paths towards the attainment of national independence goals. Each nation had its own unique struggles in that political course. Albania, and the Albanian nation was no exception. The seizure of the Albanian territory by the Montenegro, Serbia and Greece during the last two centuries severely affected the Albanian nation. The aim of this research, however, is not to focus exclusively on the ways and means related to Albanian territory division, but to delve into foundations of the selected events, with great impact to the Albanian nation. The current developments and challenges in the Albanian territories in the Balkans cannot be productively analyzed without examining the historical context, within which, the Prizren League played a critical part. Indeed, even though the League, at the time, was largely overlooked by the Western powers, still played, an important role in the ensuing Albanian historical developments. The League, initially an Ottoman supporting mechanism, of mutual (Albanian-Ottoman) interest, developed into an autonomous organization revolting to the perceived enemies of the Albanian cause, later, even against the Ottomans. This study aims to highlight the causes of the formation of the Prizren League, its activities, Albanian revolts against the perceived enemies and other related topics that painted their ordinary life, in the stipulated period. The objective of the research is to focus exclusively on the Western sources visa-a-vis the examined topics in an endeavor, to present, as much as possible, an unbiased picture of events and developments. Numerous themes have been explored in light of many old and authentic sources, in an attempt to enrich the quantity of the examined themes with qualitative inputs...
{"title":"The Albanian Prizren League factor and beyond: distinct developments exposed by the Western sources","authors":"M. Salihu","doi":"10.21113/IIR.V9I2.519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21113/IIR.V9I2.519","url":null,"abstract":"For many countries in Europe, both in the West and in the East, the nineteenth century was critical in their respective paths towards the attainment of national independence goals. Each nation had its own unique struggles in that political course. Albania, and the Albanian nation was no exception. The seizure of the Albanian territory by the Montenegro, Serbia and Greece during the last two centuries severely affected the Albanian nation. The aim of this research, however, is not to focus exclusively on the ways and means related to Albanian territory division, but to delve into foundations of the selected events, with great impact to the Albanian nation. The current developments and challenges in the Albanian territories in the Balkans cannot be productively analyzed without examining the historical context, within which, the Prizren League played a critical part. Indeed, even though the League, at the time, was largely overlooked by the Western powers, still played, an important role in the ensuing Albanian historical developments. The League, initially an Ottoman supporting mechanism, of mutual (Albanian-Ottoman) interest, developed into an autonomous organization revolting to the perceived enemies of the Albanian cause, later, even against the Ottomans. This study aims to highlight the causes of the formation of the Prizren League, its activities, Albanian revolts against the perceived enemies and other related topics that painted their ordinary life, in the stipulated period. The objective of the research is to focus exclusively on the Western sources visa-a-vis the examined topics in an endeavor, to present, as much as possible, an unbiased picture of events and developments. Numerous themes have been explored in light of many old and authentic sources, in an attempt to enrich the quantity of the examined themes with qualitative inputs...","PeriodicalId":31358,"journal":{"name":"ILIRIA International Review","volume":"9 1","pages":"303-323"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46626446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The policymaking process of the European Union (EU) is particularly convoluted and reflects an institutional structure that is unique among governance entities. The institutional structure of the Union is complex, with a multitude of co-decision making and advisory bodies. The ways in which these institutions interact in the Union’s policymaking process (i.e., the EU’s organizational structure) is governed by a complex set of treaties. We argue that institutional and organizational structures have normative content because they embody specific ideologies of integration. A historical analysis of the evolution of European integration reveals that the peculiarities of the European Union's institutional and organizational structure are a result of the influence of three distinct ideologies about the desired nature of international organization: functionalism, intergovernmentalism, and federalism. The Union's roots as the European Coal and Steel Community and the ideas of Jean Monnet concerning the shape and path of European integration, moderated by federalist and intergovernmentalist ideas, were fundamental in determining the European Union’s institutional structure and shaping its policymaking process.
{"title":"From ECSC to European Union: An Analysis of the Evolution of the Institutions of European Integration","authors":"Dr.sc. Constantine Hadjilambrinos","doi":"10.21113/IIR.V9I2.514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21113/IIR.V9I2.514","url":null,"abstract":"The policymaking process of the European Union (EU) is particularly convoluted and reflects an institutional structure that is unique among governance entities. The institutional structure of the Union is complex, with a multitude of co-decision making and advisory bodies. The ways in which these institutions interact in the Union’s policymaking process (i.e., the EU’s organizational structure) is governed by a complex set of treaties. We argue that institutional and organizational structures have normative content because they embody specific ideologies of integration. A historical analysis of the evolution of European integration reveals that the peculiarities of the European Union's institutional and organizational structure are a result of the influence of three distinct ideologies about the desired nature of international organization: functionalism, intergovernmentalism, and federalism. The Union's roots as the European Coal and Steel Community and the ideas of Jean Monnet concerning the shape and path of European integration, moderated by federalist and intergovernmentalist ideas, were fundamental in determining the European Union’s institutional structure and shaping its policymaking process.","PeriodicalId":31358,"journal":{"name":"ILIRIA International Review","volume":"9 1","pages":"209-231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43843809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The research that is the subject of this paper is compiled in the direction of measuring the quality of life of students in the areas that are important for them, and they will show to what extent each of these areas participates in their overall quality of life. The concept of this paper is analyzed through the current theoretical knowledge, as well as analyzes of the results in this research are carried out among the students at the Faculty of Tourism and Business Logistics at the “Goce Delcev” University, Stip. In order to improve the quality of life of the students, and thus of a nation and forming a larger social and health policy, it is not enough to take into account and measure only the economic and social indicators. To get a complete picture, there is also a lack of valuable information on how students feel in their lives and how they behave in certain circumstances. Therefore, the analyses and researches include subjective indicators, i.e. it is measured how the students feel in their everyday life and how satisfied they are with certain aspects that affect them.
{"title":"The Quality of Student Life in the Republic of North Macedonia","authors":"Dr.Sc. Elizabeta Mitreva, Dr.Sc. Bardhyl Tush","doi":"10.21113/IIR.V9I2.509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21113/IIR.V9I2.509","url":null,"abstract":"The research that is the subject of this paper is compiled in the direction of measuring the quality of life of students in the areas that are important for them, and they will show to what extent each of these areas participates in their overall quality of life. The concept of this paper is analyzed through the current theoretical knowledge, as well as analyzes of the results in this research are carried out among the students at the Faculty of Tourism and Business Logistics at the “Goce Delcev” University, Stip. In order to improve the quality of life of the students, and thus of a nation and forming a larger social and health policy, it is not enough to take into account and measure only the economic and social indicators. To get a complete picture, there is also a lack of valuable information on how students feel in their lives and how they behave in certain circumstances. Therefore, the analyses and researches include subjective indicators, i.e. it is measured how the students feel in their everyday life and how satisfied they are with certain aspects that affect them.","PeriodicalId":31358,"journal":{"name":"ILIRIA International Review","volume":"9 1","pages":"99-118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45902010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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