Pub Date : 2023-07-20DOI: 10.21928/juhd.v9n3y2023.pp116-123
Harem Abdullah Majeed
Swear words, ubiquitous in languages worldwide, form an intrinsic part of everyday discourse, despite varying degrees of societal tolerance. In line with their prevalence in daily life, swear words also find their way into movies and TV shows, acting as authentic reflections of human interactions. Consequently, the handling of swear words within the context of audiovisual translation (AVT) has gained considerable scholarly attention, warranting a more profound and comprehensive investigation within the domain of Translation Studies. This research paper aims to delve into the realm of AVT, with a particular focus on the intricacies of Kurdish subtitling. It endeavors to provide a systematic classification and categorization of swear words encountered in English movies, examining their respective translations into Kurdish. Moreover, the study aims to identify and analyze the prevailing approaches and techniques employed in dealing with these culturally sensitive expressions. By shedding light on the nuanced treatment of swear words in AVT, this research contributes to the broader understanding of the intricate challenges and strategies involved in rendering such content faithfully across languages and cultures.
{"title":"Handling Swear Words in Movie Subtitles Translated from English into Kurdish","authors":"Harem Abdullah Majeed","doi":"10.21928/juhd.v9n3y2023.pp116-123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21928/juhd.v9n3y2023.pp116-123","url":null,"abstract":"Swear words, ubiquitous in languages worldwide, form an intrinsic part of everyday discourse, despite varying degrees of societal tolerance. In line with their prevalence in daily life, swear words also find their way into movies and TV shows, acting as authentic reflections of human interactions. Consequently, the handling of swear words within the context of audiovisual translation (AVT) has gained considerable scholarly attention, warranting a more profound and comprehensive investigation within the domain of Translation Studies. This research paper aims to delve into the realm of AVT, with a particular focus on the intricacies of Kurdish subtitling. It endeavors to provide a systematic classification and categorization of swear words encountered in English movies, examining their respective translations into Kurdish. Moreover, the study aims to identify and analyze the prevailing approaches and techniques employed in dealing with these culturally sensitive expressions. By shedding light on the nuanced treatment of swear words in AVT, this research contributes to the broader understanding of the intricate challenges and strategies involved in rendering such content faithfully across languages and cultures.","PeriodicalId":313826,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University of Human Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130126856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-18DOI: 10.21928/juhd.v9n3y2023.pp103-115
K. Mohammed, S. A. Mohammed
في بحثنا المعنون بــِ : ( الرُّشد وأحكامه في رأي القاضي محمد خضري الأشنوي "دراسة تحليلية") نقوم بتعريف الرُّشد عند كل من اللغويين والفقهاء، ثُم نتجول في ثنايا آيات القرآنية لنعرف المعاني التي استخدم لها كلمة الرُّشد في القرآن الكريم، وفي نهاية كل موضوع نعرض رأي القاضي محمد خضري (رحمه الله) حوله، ورجح الباحثان رأي الجمهور حول الرّشد لعدة أسباب أشرنا اليها في ثنايا البحث، خصص مبحث كامل لذكر الشخص الذي لم يصل الى مرحلة الرُّشد، إذ يمنع من التصرفات القولية جميعها عند الفقهاء كلهم، وانتهت الدراسة بما ذكره القاضي: أن الأصل هو عدم الرّشد، والرشد شيء حادث، وتمت مناقشة رأيه في هذه المسألة، وبعد المناقشة ظهر للباحثين أن رأي القاضي في الموضوع مرجوح. والهدف الرئيسي من الدراسة هو مناقشة الآراء السابقة، ودراستها دراسة علميّة رصينة، وذلك من خلال عرض الأقوال جميعها، وذكر رأي القاضي في هامش الموضوع، ثم مناقشة الأقوال المختلفة، واختيار القول الراجح، واعتمدنا في دراستنا هذه على المنهج التحليلي. وفي نهاية البحث توصلنا الى نتائج عديدة من أهمها: 1- يرى القاضي محمد خضري (رحمه الله) أنّ الرُّشد في القرآن الكريم يأتي بمعنى: الحُب والوُد للدين الإسلامي، والبُعد عن الكفر والعصيان، وقال الأصح أن الرشد في القرآن الكريم يقصد به ما ذهب اليه الامام الشافعي (رحمه الله) بأنه عبارة عن صلاح الدين والمال. 2- الأصل فيمن كان بالغاً عاقلاً الرُّشد، مادام سالماً من العوارض الأهلية، والأصل فيمن تم الحجر عليه لسببٍ من الأسباب عدم الرّشد، استصحاباً لحالته السابقة، وهذا الحكم مستمرّ إلى أن يختبر ويعلم رّشده.
{"title":"الرشد وأحكامه في رأي القاضي محمد الخضري الأشنوي","authors":"K. Mohammed, S. A. Mohammed","doi":"10.21928/juhd.v9n3y2023.pp103-115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21928/juhd.v9n3y2023.pp103-115","url":null,"abstract":"في بحثنا المعنون بــِ : ( الرُّشد وأحكامه في رأي القاضي محمد خضري الأشنوي \"دراسة تحليلية\") نقوم بتعريف الرُّشد عند كل من اللغويين والفقهاء، ثُم نتجول في ثنايا آيات القرآنية لنعرف المعاني التي استخدم لها كلمة الرُّشد في القرآن الكريم، وفي نهاية كل موضوع نعرض رأي القاضي محمد خضري (رحمه الله) حوله، ورجح الباحثان رأي الجمهور حول الرّشد لعدة أسباب أشرنا اليها في ثنايا البحث، خصص مبحث كامل لذكر الشخص الذي لم يصل الى مرحلة الرُّشد، إذ يمنع من التصرفات القولية جميعها عند الفقهاء كلهم، وانتهت الدراسة بما ذكره القاضي: أن الأصل هو عدم الرّشد، والرشد شيء حادث، وتمت مناقشة رأيه في هذه المسألة، وبعد المناقشة ظهر للباحثين أن رأي القاضي في الموضوع مرجوح.\u0000 والهدف الرئيسي من الدراسة هو مناقشة الآراء السابقة، ودراستها دراسة علميّة رصينة، وذلك من خلال عرض الأقوال جميعها، وذكر رأي القاضي في هامش الموضوع، ثم مناقشة الأقوال المختلفة، واختيار القول الراجح، واعتمدنا في دراستنا هذه على المنهج التحليلي.\u0000 وفي نهاية البحث توصلنا الى نتائج عديدة من أهمها:\u00001- يرى القاضي محمد خضري (رحمه الله) أنّ الرُّشد في القرآن الكريم يأتي بمعنى: الحُب والوُد للدين الإسلامي، والبُعد عن الكفر والعصيان، وقال الأصح أن الرشد في القرآن الكريم يقصد به ما ذهب اليه الامام الشافعي (رحمه الله) بأنه عبارة عن صلاح الدين والمال.\u00002- الأصل فيمن كان بالغاً عاقلاً الرُّشد، مادام سالماً من العوارض الأهلية، والأصل فيمن تم الحجر عليه لسببٍ من الأسباب عدم الرّشد، استصحاباً لحالته السابقة، وهذا الحكم مستمرّ إلى أن يختبر ويعلم رّشده.","PeriodicalId":313826,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University of Human Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116369088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-13DOI: 10.21928/juhd.v9n3y2023.pp81-88
Yasen Xalid Hassan, Yasin Azam Ali
After the uprising of the Kurds and the liberation of Kurdish cities and towns in the spring of 1991, the Iraqi government decided to regain control over these areas by force. This decision led to the Mass exodus of Kurds in 1991, that caused consequences and a humanitarian catastrophe to the extent that the countries of the region and the world Intervened and as a result, the United Nations imposed Resolution 688 on Iraq. The main question in this study is what role did the United States and Iran play in helping the Kurds after their displacement and what was their position on United Nations Resolution No. 688? The methodology of this study is descriptive-analytical and relies on library sources, especially research papers, memoirs, and newspapers coinciding with events, as well as interviews with political figures. The research assumes that the goal of Iran and the United States in helping the Kurds is to achieve their own goals and interests.
{"title":"Iraqi Kurdistan People's Displacement and UN Resolution 688 between the US and Iran","authors":"Yasen Xalid Hassan, Yasin Azam Ali","doi":"10.21928/juhd.v9n3y2023.pp81-88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21928/juhd.v9n3y2023.pp81-88","url":null,"abstract":" After the uprising of the Kurds and the liberation of Kurdish cities and towns in the spring of 1991, the Iraqi government decided to regain control over these areas by force. This decision led to the Mass exodus of Kurds in 1991, that caused consequences and a humanitarian catastrophe to the extent that the countries of the region and the world Intervened and as a result, the United Nations imposed Resolution 688 on Iraq. The main question in this study is what role did the United States and Iran play in helping the Kurds after their displacement and what was their position on United Nations Resolution No. 688? The methodology of this study is descriptive-analytical and relies on library sources, especially research papers, memoirs, and newspapers coinciding with events, as well as interviews with political figures. The research assumes that the goal of Iran and the United States in helping the Kurds is to achieve their own goals and interests.","PeriodicalId":313826,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University of Human Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122505241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-12DOI: 10.21928/juhd.v9n3y2023.pp66-80
Naje Abdulsattar Mahmood, Yousif obed Amin, Saif Mohammad Isamel
هدفت الدراسة بشكل رئيسي الى التعرف على درجة ممارسة مؤشرات قيادة المحيط الازرق واثرها في تعزيزالاداء المتميز في المنظمتين المبحوثتين ، ومدى سعي شركات الاتصالات المحلية في بلوغ مراتب الاداء من خلال وجود قيادة منظميه زرقاء تستند فلسفتها على تعزيز ادائها المنظمي كميزة اساسية لتحقيق رضا الزبائن وتحقيق ارباح عالية مستدامة، من خلال الاستثمار الامثل لمواردها المادية والبشرية المعرفية، وفي بحثنا هذا نعبر عن المشكلة بتساؤل فكري يهدف الى تحديد ما مدى توافر مؤشرات قيادة المحيط الازرق في شركتي زين واسيا سيل للاتصالات؟ واستخدم البحث منهج الدراسة الوصفي التحليلي، معتمداً على مجموعة من الاساليب والادوات اللازمة لجمع وتحليل البيانات والمعلومات باعتماد برنامج ( SPSS v23) ، وقد تم الحصول على المعلومات والبيانات من مجتمع الدراسة الذي يمثل المديرين في مستوى الادارة الوسطى في المنظمات المبحوثة وقد تم اختيار عينة البحث البالغة (103) من مجموع المجتمع البالغ عددهم (126) ، وقد توصل البحث الى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات، كان من اهمها تحقق الاستجابة من قبل الافراد المبحوثين تجاه مؤشرات القيادة الزرقاء المتمثلة بالتقليص والاستبعاد والزيادة والابتكار والتي اظهرت استجابة عالية اتجاه مؤشري التقليص والزيادة، والابتكار الذي نال اعلى معدل استجابة وبدرجة متوسطة اتجاه الاستبعاد بشكل عام مع وجود قصور في جهود الشركتين المبحوثتين فيما يخص استبعاد الانشطة غير الضرورية، وسماع صوت الزبائن لمعرفة ردود افعالهم اتجاه الخدمات المقدمة اليهم وفي ضوء جملة الاستنتاجات ، قدم البحث توصياته، ولعل من أهمها يتوجب على المنظمتين المبحوثتين تقليص واستبعاد جميع الانشطة التي تضر بالبيئة والمجتمع نتيجة ممارستها لأعمالها، وايلاء المزيد من الاهتمام للأنشطة المبتكرة وزيادتها .
{"title":"مؤشرات قيادة المحيط الازرق واثرها في تعزيز الاداء المتميز","authors":"Naje Abdulsattar Mahmood, Yousif obed Amin, Saif Mohammad Isamel","doi":"10.21928/juhd.v9n3y2023.pp66-80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21928/juhd.v9n3y2023.pp66-80","url":null,"abstract":"هدفت الدراسة بشكل رئيسي الى التعرف على درجة ممارسة مؤشرات قيادة المحيط الازرق واثرها في تعزيزالاداء المتميز في المنظمتين المبحوثتين ، ومدى سعي شركات الاتصالات المحلية في بلوغ مراتب الاداء من خلال وجود قيادة منظميه زرقاء تستند فلسفتها على تعزيز ادائها المنظمي كميزة اساسية لتحقيق رضا الزبائن وتحقيق ارباح عالية مستدامة، من خلال الاستثمار الامثل لمواردها المادية والبشرية المعرفية، وفي بحثنا هذا نعبر عن المشكلة بتساؤل فكري يهدف الى تحديد ما مدى توافر مؤشرات قيادة المحيط الازرق في شركتي زين واسيا سيل للاتصالات؟ واستخدم البحث منهج الدراسة الوصفي التحليلي، معتمداً على مجموعة من الاساليب والادوات اللازمة لجمع وتحليل البيانات والمعلومات باعتماد برنامج ( SPSS v23) ، وقد تم الحصول على المعلومات والبيانات من مجتمع الدراسة الذي يمثل المديرين في مستوى الادارة الوسطى في المنظمات المبحوثة وقد تم اختيار عينة البحث البالغة (103) من مجموع المجتمع البالغ عددهم (126) ، وقد توصل البحث الى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات، كان من اهمها تحقق الاستجابة من قبل الافراد المبحوثين تجاه مؤشرات القيادة الزرقاء المتمثلة بالتقليص والاستبعاد والزيادة والابتكار والتي اظهرت استجابة عالية اتجاه مؤشري التقليص والزيادة، والابتكار الذي نال اعلى معدل استجابة وبدرجة متوسطة اتجاه الاستبعاد بشكل عام مع وجود قصور في جهود الشركتين المبحوثتين فيما يخص استبعاد الانشطة غير الضرورية، وسماع صوت الزبائن لمعرفة ردود افعالهم اتجاه الخدمات المقدمة اليهم وفي ضوء جملة الاستنتاجات ، قدم البحث توصياته، ولعل من أهمها يتوجب على المنظمتين المبحوثتين تقليص واستبعاد جميع الانشطة التي تضر بالبيئة والمجتمع نتيجة ممارستها لأعمالها، وايلاء المزيد من الاهتمام للأنشطة المبتكرة وزيادتها .","PeriodicalId":313826,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University of Human Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125008387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-11DOI: 10.21928/juhd.v9n3y2023.pp57-65
Rashid Emara Yas Gaffurry, Mubarak Aziz Hamad
The concept of political inheritance is one of the modern concepts that address an old and very sensitive issue, which is the issue of power and how to assume it, which has provoked a lot of reaction among thinkers and philosophers since ancient times, and one of the most controversial issue in Islamic thought since the death of Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, and Muslims were divided around it and then on other sub-issues on two main sects, namely: Shiite sect and Sunni sect. Each of them has its arguments and chains of support in the issue of political inheritance, as the Shiite thought approved political inheritance, on the basis that it is stipulated in the two sources of Islamic legislation, and made it the monopoly of the infallible imams of the descendants of Ali Ibn Abi Talib and then in his son Hussein and ended up with them to new theories moving away from the political inheritance stipulated as they believe to the public and private guardianship of the jurist, which relied in essence on the choice of the guardian jurist conditional on waiting for the appearance of the adsent imam. As for Sunni jurisprudence, which denied the existence of the text of political inheritance in the Quran and the Sunnah of the prophet and cornered on the issue of Shura and the choice of the solution and the contract, but supported all forms of political inheritance since the era of Muswiya bin Abi Sufyan, founder of the Umayyad state through the Abbasid state, on the basis of the condition of the Quraysh, which he quikly abandoned in favor of political inheritance from outside the Quraysh in particular and the Arabs in general, by inventing the condition of mastery and dominance by supporting the Ayyubid state, the Qttoman Empire and others. After these experiences, Islamic political thought meests its Snni and Shiite wings in today’s world at the present time by choosing only the wail al-faqih or the ruling caliph, so that Islamic thought carries a wide heritage and with different arguments for forms of political inheritance that support everyone who adheres to the inheritance of power.
{"title":"Political inheritance in Islamic political thought","authors":"Rashid Emara Yas Gaffurry, Mubarak Aziz Hamad","doi":"10.21928/juhd.v9n3y2023.pp57-65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21928/juhd.v9n3y2023.pp57-65","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of political inheritance is one of the modern concepts that address an old and very sensitive issue, which is the issue of power and how to assume it, which has provoked a lot of reaction among thinkers and philosophers since ancient times, and one of the most controversial issue in Islamic thought since the death of Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, and Muslims were divided around it and then on other sub-issues on two main sects, namely: Shiite sect and Sunni sect. \u0000Each of them has its arguments and chains of support in the issue of political inheritance, as the Shiite thought approved political inheritance, on the basis that it is stipulated in the two sources of Islamic legislation, and made it the monopoly of the infallible imams of the descendants of Ali Ibn Abi Talib and then in his son Hussein and ended up with them to new theories moving away from the political inheritance stipulated as they believe to the public and private guardianship of the jurist, which relied in essence on the choice of the guardian jurist conditional on waiting for the appearance of the adsent imam.\u0000 As for Sunni jurisprudence, which denied the existence of the text of political inheritance in the Quran and the Sunnah of the prophet and cornered on the issue of Shura and the choice of the solution and the contract, but supported all forms of political inheritance since the era of Muswiya bin Abi Sufyan, founder of the Umayyad state through the Abbasid state, on the basis of the condition of the Quraysh, which he quikly abandoned in favor of political inheritance from outside the Quraysh in particular and the Arabs in general, by inventing the condition of mastery and dominance by supporting the Ayyubid state, the Qttoman Empire and others.\u0000After these experiences, Islamic political thought meests its Snni and Shiite wings in today’s world at the present time by choosing only the wail al-faqih or the ruling caliph, so that Islamic thought carries a wide heritage and with different arguments for forms of political inheritance that support everyone who adheres to the inheritance of power.","PeriodicalId":313826,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University of Human Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114232664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-09DOI: 10.21928/juhd.v9n3y2023.pp37-47
Zana Rauf Hama, Aso Hamashin Abdulkareem
تنضوي هذه الدراسة البحث عن إحدى النظريات المستحدثة على مبدأ التناسب، ألا وهي نظرية الخطأ الظاهر في التقدير، التي يكون نطاق دراستها عن ماهية هذه النظرية و بروزها في بداية نشأتها، لأنَّ رقابة القاضي الإداري التقليدي كانت عبارة عن رقابة المشروعية و رقابة الوجود الوقائع وتكييفه، ولكنَّه تفادياً لذلك ابتدع مجلس الدولة الفرنسي نظرية الخطأ الظاهر في التقدير، الذي أسندت هذه الفكرة إلى السلطة التقديرية للإدارة ومنها إلى مبدأ التناسب، وبتطبيق هذه النظرية حقاً أصبح مجلس الدولة الفرنسي يستطيع التدخل في كافة المجالات التي يصعب عليه التدخل فيها سابقاً، أي في مجال رقابته على السلطة التقديرية للإدارة العامة، وذلك لتحقيق أكبر قدر من الضمان والفاعلية لحقوق الأفراد وحرياتهم من جهة، ومن جهة أخرى ضمان حقوق الإدارة وحريتها في تقدير وتقييم ملاءمة أعمالها، وفي السياق ذاته تطرقت الدراسة إلى أهم التطبيقات القضائية لمجلس الدولة الفرنسي، ومن ثم بيان موقف القضاء المصري والعراقي منه على حد سواء.
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Pub Date : 2023-07-05DOI: 10.21928/juhd.v9n3y2023.pp31-36
Zeki Hamawand, Khoshi Anwer Hasan
The present study attempts to analyze intonation in Central Kurdish, the Sorani variety spoken in Slemani in Iraqi Kurdistan. Intonation refers to pitch fluctuations used by a speaker to express meanings. To carry out the analysis, the study embraces the theory of Cognitive Phonology. The study attempts to claim that there is a relationship between the pitch of a linguistic expression and its meaning. Accordingly, it is hypothesized that the meaning of an utterance is shaped by the particular intonation used by the speaker. The study has two aims. The first is to show that intonation, as a suprasegmental feature, is meaningful in Central Kurdish. The second is to show that using one pattern of intonation instead of another is the result of the construal dimension of perspective. As native Kurdish speakers, the researchers are being used as sources of data. One important finding is that Kurdish intonation is meaningful because using one pattern of intonation instead of another is consequential. A change in tone adds a specific tint of meaning to the utterance in spoken language.
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Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.21928/juhd.v9n3y2023.pp22-30
Suhair Safwat Mohammed, Awaz Othman Majeed
Nowadays, people spend hours on social media conversing and sharing information through jokes and references made online. Digital memes are one of the most favourable means of internet communication, which thrives on humour. The main purpose of humour is to entertain and make people laugh. So, to avoid hurting others by joking at the expense of others, many people turn to self-mockery. One type of self-mockery is self-defeating humour in which the speaker targets himself/herself in a “poor me” fashion. By using a mixed approach of qualitative and quantitative analysis, this research investigated how internet users interpret the target of self-defeating humour in memes. This analysis used the relevance theory of Sperber and Wilson (1995). On this account, this research addressed the process of decoding and inferential enrichment, and lexical pragmatic adjustment. It is said that making oneself the target of a joke is safer and less sensitive than targeting other people. After analysing the inferences of 100 netizens that were drawn from five self-defeating memes, it has been concluded that targeting oneself could be as sensitive as targeting others.
{"title":"Inferring the Target of Self-defeating Humour in Internet Memes: A Pragmatic Analysis","authors":"Suhair Safwat Mohammed, Awaz Othman Majeed","doi":"10.21928/juhd.v9n3y2023.pp22-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21928/juhd.v9n3y2023.pp22-30","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, people spend hours on social media conversing and sharing information through jokes and references made online. Digital memes are one of the most favourable means of internet communication, which thrives on humour. The main purpose of humour is to entertain and make people laugh. So, to avoid hurting others by joking at the expense of others, many people turn to self-mockery. One type of self-mockery is self-defeating humour in which the speaker targets himself/herself in a “poor me” fashion. By using a mixed approach of qualitative and quantitative analysis, this research investigated how internet users interpret the target of self-defeating humour in memes. This analysis used the relevance theory of Sperber and Wilson (1995). On this account, this research addressed the process of decoding and inferential enrichment, and lexical pragmatic adjustment. It is said that making oneself the target of a joke is safer and less sensitive than targeting other people. After analysing the inferences of 100 netizens that were drawn from five self-defeating memes, it has been concluded that targeting oneself could be as sensitive as targeting others.","PeriodicalId":313826,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University of Human Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131516114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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