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Joining students on their SLICCs journey 加入学生的SLICCs之旅
Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.24908/pceea.vi.15950
Mary Robinson, K. Lithgow, C. MacGregor
At Waterloo Engineering, we have great student leaders who go far beyond the average of 120 hours needed for a course credit in leadership roles, but currently receive no academic credit for this work. The SLICC (Student-Led, Individually-Created Course) model, developed by professors at the University of Edinburgh, is a great way to help the student leaders reflect on their own leadership experiences in a personalized format, producing a product that is of value to them. That is the motivation for a new course, offered in the winter 2022 term for the first time, GENE 415: Practical Analysis of Student Leadership Experience. As instructors, we were completely new to the SLICC model. After some basic training in the mechanics of the SLICC process with folks at Waterloo who are implementing it in their courses and support from folks at the University of Edinburgh, we put ourselves through a SLICC project with our students. This was done with lots of support from a senior educational developer from the Centre for Teaching Excellence. This is the story of SLICCs being implemented by two seasoned instructors and their educational journey to guide ten senior engineering student leaders through a new course designed to acknowledge, through course credit, their substantial leadership experiences throughout their undergraduate studies in engineering. This SLICC experience was completed at the height of the Omicron wave of COVID-19 in Ontario, revealing both the benefits and challenges of this self-directed learning model being implemented in an online environment and then shifting to in-person.
在滑铁卢工程学院,我们有优秀的学生领袖,他们在领导角色方面的学习时间远远超过了平均120小时的课程学分要求,但目前这项工作没有获得学分。由爱丁堡大学教授开发的SLICC(学生主导,个人创造课程)模式,是帮助学生领袖以个性化形式反思自己的领导经历的好方法,从而产生对他们有价值的产品。这就是开设新课程的动机,该课程将于2022年冬季学期首次开设,名为GENE 415:学生领导经验的实践分析。作为教师,我们对SLICC模式完全陌生。在滑铁卢大学(Waterloo)的同事们对SLICC过程的机制进行了一些基本的培训后,我们在爱丁堡大学(University of Edinburgh)的同事们的支持下,与学生们一起完成了SLICC项目。这是在卓越教学中心的高级教育开发人员的大力支持下完成的。这是两位经验丰富的讲师实施SLICCs的故事,以及他们的教育之旅,指导10名高级工程学生领导通过一门新课程,该课程旨在通过课程学分承认他们在工程本科学习期间的丰富领导经验。这次SLICC体验是在安大略省新冠肺炎疫情最严重的时候完成的,揭示了在在线环境中实施这种自主学习模式,然后转移到面对面学习模式的好处和挑战。
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引用次数: 0
Leading Large Scale Innovation: Building Institutional Flexibility 引领大规模创新:建立制度灵活性
Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.24908/pceea.vi.15976
S. Kresta, Vince Bruni-Bossio, Nancy K. Turner
RE-Engineered was launched at the University of Saskatchewan in 2021/22. It was designed to build community among our first-year engineering students with modularized courses, full integration across all learning outcomes and courses, competency-based assessment, introduction to 4 sciences instead of the usual 2, an Indigenous Cultural Contextualization module, and replacement of final exams in December with a week of experiential learning days across 5 engineering disciplines. The scale of the changes envisioned by the first-year team (Sean Maw and Joel Frey) was so large that it impacted most institutional support units and had substantial operational and teaching practice change requirements for two colleges. Over the four-year design process, it became clear that the curricular design required a parallel and intentional process of broad organizational change for successful implementation. From this realization sprung the Change Management Committee (CMC). This group has leveraged resources (financial, human, expertise), influenced key decision makers on campus, and facilitated deep organizational change.
RE-Engineered项目于2021/22年在萨斯喀彻温大学启动。它的目的是在我们的一年级工程学生中建立一个社区,通过模块化的课程,全面整合所有学习成果和课程,基于能力的评估,介绍4门科学而不是通常的2门科学,土著文化情境化模块,以及用为期一周的5门工程学科的体验学习日取代12月的期末考试。一年级团队(Sean Maw和Joel Frey)设想的变化规模是如此之大,以至于它影响了大多数机构支持单位,并且对两个学院有实质性的操作和教学实践变化需求。在四年的设计过程中,很明显,课程设计需要一个平行的和有意的过程,广泛的组织变革成功实施。从这个认识中产生了变更管理委员会(CMC)。这个小组利用了资源(财务、人力、专业知识),影响了校园里的关键决策者,并促进了深层次的组织变革。
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引用次数: 0
Development and Delivery of an Electric Circuits Course Featuring Competency Based Assessment for First Year Engineering 基于能力评估的一年级工程电路课程的开发与实施
Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.24908/pceea.vi.15962
J. Frey, Elizabeth Adams, Shaobo Huang, Christopher Elash
Most common-core first year engineering programs in Canada include an introduction to electric circuits and electromagnetic physics. The launch of the RE-ENGINEERED first year program at the University of Saskatchewan has provided an opportunity to try something different in this arena. The RE-ENGINEERED program includes a “spine” of electric circuit analysis and the related physics that runs through both semesters of the first year. The modular and highly integrated structure of the RE-ENGINEERED program has allowed for accelerated courses that take advantage of timely learning in other courses. In the fall term, students are introduced to direct-current, resistive circuit analysis in a six-week, fifteen-contact-hour module. In the winter term, they experience an accelerated physics course which covers the electricity, magnetism, capacitance, and inductance concepts often taught in tandem with basic circuit analysis. The students then finish the winter term with an intensive course on alternating-current circuit analysis. The fall term course fully adopts the competency based assessment system of the RE-ENGINEERED program, and uses in-house-developed quizzes and tutorials on the most basic concepts and calculations to scaffold students to solving more complex circuit analysis problems. The course forgoes a hands-on lab component and focuses on circuit simulation using an open-source simulation package. Concurrent math and MATLAB courses introduce required linear algebra concepts just in time for use in the circuit analysis problems. This paper describes the development and delivery of the fall term course, including how the learning outcomes were synthesized and then used as the basis for the development of all other aspects of the course to ensure constructive alignment. Instructor and student impressions of the first delivery of the course are presented along how lessons learned will be applied to modify the course for future offerings.
在加拿大,最常见的一年级工程课程包括电路和电磁物理的介绍。萨斯喀彻温大学(University of Saskatchewan)推出的“重新设计”(RE-ENGINEERED)第一年项目为在这一领域尝试不同的东西提供了机会。重新设计的课程包括电路分析的“主干”和贯穿第一年两个学期的相关物理。reengineered项目的模块化和高度集成的结构允许加速课程,利用其他课程的及时学习。在秋季学期,学生将在为期六周,15个接触小时的模块中学习直流电阻电路分析。在冬季学期,他们将经历一门加速物理课程,涵盖电、磁、电容和电感概念,通常与基本电路分析一起教授。学生们在冬季学期结束时将学习交流电路分析的强化课程。秋季课程完全采用reengineered program的能力评估体系,并使用内部开发的测试和教程,以最基本的概念和计算来帮助学生解决更复杂的电路分析问题。本课程放弃动手实验组件,并着重于使用开源仿真包进行电路仿真。并行数学和MATLAB课程及时介绍了必要的线性代数概念,以便在电路分析问题中使用。本文描述了秋季学期课程的开发和交付,包括如何综合学习成果,然后将其用作课程所有其他方面开发的基础,以确保建设性的一致性。教师和学生对课程第一次交付的印象,以及如何将所学到的经验教训应用于修改课程以适应未来的课程。
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引用次数: 0
Étude comparative des performances académiques d’étudiants exposés à une classe inversée ou traditionnelle : Méthodologie et résultats préliminaires 学生在逆向或传统课堂上学习成绩的比较研究:方法和初步结果
Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.24908/pceea.vi.15869
Patrick Terriault, A. Kozanitis, Patrice Farand
La classe inversée gagne sans cesse en popularité depuis quelques années et des études montrent que les étudiants obtiennent généralement de meilleurs résultats académiques lorsqu’ils sont exposés à une classe inversée comparativement à une classe traditionnelle. Cependant, un aspect qui n’a pas vraiment été pris en compte jusqu’à présent concerne le temps que les étudiants consacrent à leurs apprentissages. En effet, certaines études soulèvent la possibilité que les meilleures performances académiques des étudiants exposés à une classe inversée soient la conséquence d’une charge de travail accrue, et non celle de la stratégie pédagogique proprement dite. Dans le but d’alimenter la littérature scientifique de données probantes sur cette question, une étude a été réalisée dans un cours obligatoire du programme de génie mécanique de l’École de technologie supérieure. Le cours a été simultanément offert à deux groupes distincts en conservant identique un maximum d’éléments comme les évaluations, le matériel pédagogique et le personnel enseignant. En fait, la seule différence entre les deux groupes est la stratégie pédagogique employée lors des séances de cours théoriques, soit une classe inversée pour un groupe et classe traditionnelle pour l’autre. Tout au long de la session, des données ont été collectées, notamment les évaluations faites par le professeur ainsi que le temps consacré aux études autodéclaré hebdomadairement par les étudiants. Une analyse préliminaire des résultats indique que les performances académiques des étudiants sont similaires entre les deux classes, mais qu’une différence émerge au niveau du temps consacré aux études. En effet, les étudiants ayant une moyenne cumulative élevée ont consacré moins de temps à leurs apprentissages dans la classe inversée, contrairement aux étudiants ayant une faible moyenne cumulative. En considérant les notes et le temps consacré aux études, les étudiants ayant une forte moyenne cumulative ont donc été plus efficaces dans la classe inversée, tandis que ceux ayant une faible moyenne cumulative l’ont été dans la classe traditionnelle.
近年来,倒班教学越来越受欢迎,研究表明,与传统课堂相比,学生在倒班教学中通常会取得更好的学习成绩。然而,有一个方面到目前为止还没有被真正考虑到,那就是学生花在学习上的时间。事实上,一些研究提出了一种可能性,即学生在倒班课堂上的更好的学习成绩是工作量增加的结果,而不是教学策略本身的结果。为了为这一问题的科学文献提供证据,在ecole de technologie superieure机械工程课程的必修课程中进行了一项研究。该课程同时提供给两个不同的群体,同时保留了评估、教材和教师等最多相同的要素。事实上,这两个群体之间唯一的区别是在理论课程中采用的教学策略,即一个群体采用倒班教学,另一个群体采用传统教学。在整个课程中,收集数据,包括教师的评估和学生每周自我报告的学习时间。对结果的初步分析表明,两个班级的学生学习成绩相似,但在学习时间上存在差异。事实上,与累积平均水平低的学生相比,累积平均水平高的学生在反向课堂上花在学习上的时间更少。因此,在成绩和学习时间方面,累积平均水平高的学生在倒班班表现更好,而累积平均水平低的学生在传统班表现更好。
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引用次数: 0
Students’ Perception of the Link between Their Courses and Future Career 学生对课程与未来职业联系的看法
Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.24908/pceea.vi.15961
S. Bagherzadeh
Reflective writing is known to be helpful in enhancing understanding, promoting life-long learning, and shaping students’ identity as future professional engineers. Students in a second-year chemical engineering course were asked to write a reflective paragraph, maximum of one page, on how they expect to apply the concepts learned in the course in their future profession as an engineer. This task was introduced to students as part of a term project that was due on the last day of classes in the fall term of 2021 academic year. The reflection portion of the term project was worth 2% towards the final grade of the course. It should be noted that this course was focused on technical content and there was no guidance provided on critical reflective writing.This class is taken by students from four different programs including, chemical and biological engineering – process option (CHML), chemical and biological engineering – bio option (CHBE), environmental engineering (ENVL), and integrated engineering (IGEN).The student reflections were qualitatively analyzed using coding and thematic analysis to identify the common themes and skills mentioned by students. The total word count was over 52000 and, on average, students wrote 253 words for their reflection assignment, with a standard deviation of 102 words, a minimum of 54 and a maximum of 629 words.Six key themes were identified. The most common themes referred by students include “sustainability”, “general problem-solving strategy”, and “material and energy balances (MEB) as a backbone of process and product design”. These themes were specifically mentioned by 47%, 40%, and 27% of students, respectively.As expected, sustainability was the most popular theme between ENVL students followed by CHML, IGEN and CHBE students. The prevalent theme among IGEN students was “general problem-solving strategy” as over half of them saw it as the main takeaway of the course. Almost one third of CHML and CHBE students saw this course as the backbone for their program and future career, where as only 25% of ENVL students and only 10% of IGEN students believed so.
众所周知,反思性写作有助于增进理解,促进终身学习,塑造学生作为未来专业工程师的身份。二年级化学工程课程的学生被要求写一篇反思性的段落,最多一页,关于他们希望如何将课程中学到的概念应用到他们未来作为工程师的职业中。这项任务是作为学期项目的一部分介绍给学生的,该项目应在2021学年秋季学期的最后一天上课。学期项目的反思部分占课程最终成绩的2%。应该指出的是,这门课程的重点是技术内容,没有提供关于批判性反思性写作的指导。该课程由四个不同专业的学生参加,包括化学与生物工程-过程选项(CHML),化学与生物工程-生物选项(CHBE),环境工程(ENVL)和综合工程(IGEN)。使用编码和主题分析对学生的反思进行定性分析,以确定学生提到的共同主题和技能。总字数超过52000个,学生平均写253个单词,标准偏差为102个单词,最少54个单词,最多629个单词。确定了六个关键主题。学生们提到的最常见的主题包括“可持续性”、“一般问题解决策略”和“材料和能源平衡(MEB)作为过程和产品设计的支柱”。分别有47%、40%和27%的学生特别提到了这些主题。不出所料,可持续发展是ENVL学生中最受欢迎的主题,其次是CHML、IGEN和CHBE学生。IGEN学生中流行的主题是“一般问题解决策略”,超过一半的学生认为这是课程的主要收获。近三分之一的CHML和CHBE学生认为这门课程是他们的项目和未来职业生涯的支柱,而只有25%的ENVL学生和只有10%的IGEN学生这么认为。
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引用次数: 0
Formative Feedback on Problem-Solving Skills: Intent and Action 关于解决问题能力的形成性反馈:意图和行动
Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.24908/pceea.vi.15860
Tamara Kecman, S. McCahan
Formative feedback is integral for the learning of difficult skills such as problem solving. To understand why less than ideal amounts of feedback are sometimes provided to students, this study elicited undergraduate engineering instructors’ intentions, and then observed their actions regarding formative feedback on midterm exams in courses that purport to teach problem solving. Intentions were collected through a survey that emulated the intentions-focused portion of the Teaching Perspectives Inventory. The questions were reworked to reference Fink’s FIDeLity feedback system. Actions were then measured by analyzing feedback provided on previous midterm exams administered by the same instructors who filled out the survey. Alignment between the instructors’ intentions and actions were analyzed by comparing the survey results and the midterm exam marking. Overall, instructors’ actions are generally aligned with their intentions. However, their intentions tend to favour time saving practices rather than using every known method for providing high-quality formative feedback.
形成性反馈对于学习诸如解决问题之类的困难技能是不可或缺的。为了理解为什么有时提供给学生的反馈少于理想数量,本研究引出了本科工程教师的意图,然后观察他们在旨在教授解决问题的课程中对期中考试形成性反馈的行为。意向是通过一项调查收集的,该调查模拟了教学观点清单中以意向为重点的部分。这些问题经过重新设计,以参考芬克的FIDeLity反馈系统。然后,通过分析由填写调查问卷的同一位教师在以前的期中考试中提供的反馈,来衡量学生的行为。通过对比调查结果和期中考试评分,分析教师意向和行动的一致性。总的来说,教师的行动通常与他们的意图一致。然而,他们的意图倾向于节省时间的实践,而不是使用每一种已知的方法来提供高质量的形成性反馈。
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引用次数: 0
Efficacy of Virtual Equipment Training 虚拟设备培训的有效性
Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.24908/pceea.vi.15861
J. Boudreau, David Nku, H. Anis
The University of Ottawa faculty of engineering, in Ottawa Canada, is home to multiple rapid prototyping facilities as well as entrepreneurship spaces. This includes a makerspace, a machine shop and a design space for any student to use free of charge. Due to COVID-19 the spaces were either shut down or running virtual activities where possible. In the absence of any significant virtual content for learners, virtual computer simulations and virtual reality simulations were developed for various technologies including a manual mill and lathe, a laser cutter and soldering. Even as the COVID-19 restrictions are being lifted, the virtual simulations will be used as a pre-training introduction for in-person sessions. This paper aims to understand how well the virtual training simulations compare and compliment the in-person training for different equipment. Factors considered are the level of previous knowledge and level of interest in the equipment. The same assessment will be given to 3 groups of participants: those who have only done the virtual training, who have only done the in-person training and who have done both. The results from each group will be compared and analyzed to determine the efficacy of the virtual simulation and what advantages it has as a pre-training resource. 
位于加拿大渥太华的渥太华大学工程学院拥有多个快速成型设施和创业空间。这包括一个创客空间,一个机械车间和一个设计空间,供任何学生免费使用。由于新冠肺炎疫情,这些空间要么被关闭,要么在可能的情况下运行虚拟活动。在没有任何重要的虚拟内容供学习者使用的情况下,虚拟计算机模拟和虚拟现实模拟被开发用于各种技术,包括手工磨坊和车床,激光切割机和焊接。即使COVID-19限制正在取消,虚拟模拟也将被用作现场会议的培训前介绍。本文旨在了解不同设备的虚拟训练模拟与现场训练的比较和补充。考虑的因素是以前的知识水平和对设备的兴趣水平。同样的评估将给三组参与者:一组只接受过虚拟培训,一组只接受过现场培训,还有一组两者都接受过。将对每组的结果进行比较和分析,以确定虚拟仿真的有效性以及它作为预训练资源的优势。
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引用次数: 0
Problem-solving in biology vs. engineering: What can engineering educators learn from biology educators 解决问题的生物学vs.工程学:工程学教育者能从生物学教育者那里学到什么
Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.24908/pceea.vi.15938
Anastasia Chouvalova, S. DeDecker, R. Clemmer, J. Vale, Karen Gordon
Problem-solving (PS) is a universal skill inherent to nearly all disciplines. This study’s objective is to explore the types of PS assessments that engineering and biology undergraduate students are exposed to and what PS approaches they use to complete these assessments. Comparing PS assessments and approaches between the two disciplines will help reveal important lessons that engineering educators can apply when immersing their undergraduate students into PS. Qualitative data was obtained from focus groups with students in engineering (n = 6), and biology (n = 5). Notable differences were found across disciplines, with students mentioning different skill sets pertinent to PS, assessment features, and PS strategies. A posteriori analysis of students’ focus group responses revealed that an epistemic lens is an appropriate framework for interpreting students’ response. Schommer’s epistemic dimensions of knowledge (i.e., structure and stability of knowledge) are used to classify results and indicate that biology students are frequently exposed to the complex structure of knowledge through multi-factorial systems whereas engineering students are typically exposed to the instability of knowledge, particularly through design projects. Other interesting observations related to biology students’ tendency to engage in discussion as a helpful study approach, while engineering students may view group discourse as a hindrance. Our results can inform engineering educators of how they can incorporate PS practices used by biology educators into their classrooms to promote better learning outcomes and encourage deeper learning approaches in students, while cultivating more mature epistemic beliefs.
解决问题(PS)是几乎所有学科所固有的普遍技能。本研究的目的是探讨工程和生物学本科生接触到的PS评估类型以及他们使用哪些PS方法来完成这些评估。比较两个学科之间的PS评估和方法将有助于揭示工程教育工作者在让本科生沉浸于PS时可以应用的重要经验。定性数据来自工程(n = 6)和生物学(n = 5)学生的焦点小组。不同学科之间发现了显著差异,学生提到了与PS相关的不同技能、评估特征和PS策略。对学生焦点小组反应的后验分析表明,认知透镜是解释学生反应的合适框架。Schommer的知识认知维度(即知识的结构和稳定性)被用来对结果进行分类,并表明生物学学生经常通过多因子系统接触到复杂的知识结构,而工程学生通常通过设计项目接触到知识的不稳定性。其他有趣的观察与生物系学生倾向于参与讨论作为一种有益的学习方法有关,而工程系学生可能将小组讨论视为一种障碍。我们的研究结果可以告诉工程教育工作者,他们如何将生物教育工作者使用的PS实践纳入他们的课堂,以促进更好的学习成果,鼓励学生采用更深入的学习方法,同时培养更成熟的认知信念。
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引用次数: 0
Enhancing the Quality Assurance of Fashion Technology Courses in India: A Comparative Study between Educators and Industry Professional 加强印度时装技术课程的质量保证:教育工作者与行业专业人员的比较研究
Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.24908/pceea.vi.15881
E. Suresh, A. Kumaravelu
Higher education institutions are entrusted with the herculean task of ensuring quality in teaching and learning process of students. It is important that these institutions establish and maintain a proper quality assurance system so that they can offer quality services to their key stakeholders. Fashion Technology courses in India are undergoing drastic transformations in the recent years to keep pace with developments in industry and market conditions. The expectations from the stakeholders has increased manifold and it is the responsibility of the education leaders related with Fashion Technology courses to ensure higher quality in educational offerings. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the importance of different factors in ensuring quality in fashion technology courses. From the extensive review of literature on quality assurance parameters in higher education, ten unique factors were identified. Data were collected from 330 faculty members and 280 industry professionals from fashion design technology industry. Quality assurance parameters like Resources (Students, Faculty, Infrastructure), Education Management, Instructional Design and Delivery, Assessment and Evaluation, Student learning outcomes, Learning Experiences, Professional Attributes, and Skill Sets were considered in this study. Statistical measures like relative importance index (RII), t-test, correlation analysis, etc. were used to compare the perception of educators and industry professionals. The study highlights the importance of different factors in promoting quality assurance in fashion technology courses. The findings has several implications for educators to focus on enhancing quality assurance in higher education in general and fashion technology courses in particular.
高等教育机构肩负着确保学生教学质量的艰巨任务。这些院校必须建立和维持适当的质素保证制度,以便为主要持份者提供优质服务。近年来,印度的时尚技术课程正在经历巨大的变革,以跟上行业和市场状况的发展。利益相关者的期望增加了很多,与时尚技术课程相关的教育领导者有责任确保教育产品的更高质量。本研究的目的是评估不同因素在保证时装技术课程质量中的重要性。通过对高等教育质量保证参数的广泛文献回顾,确定了十个独特的因素。数据收集自服装设计技术行业的330名教师和280名行业专业人士。质量保证参数,如资源(学生、教师、基础设施)、教育管理、教学设计和交付、评估和评价、学生学习成果、学习经验、专业属性和技能组合,在这项研究中被考虑在内。采用相对重要性指数(RII)、t检验、相关分析等统计方法比较教育工作者和行业专业人员的认知。该研究强调了不同因素对促进时装技术课程质量保证的重要性。研究结果对教育工作者有几点启示,他们应该把重点放在提高高等教育的质量保证上,尤其是时装技术课程。
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引用次数: 0
Designing a copper mineral processing plant in virtual reality: A new tool for mining engineering education 虚拟现实中的铜矿选矿厂设计:采矿工程教育的新工具
Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.24908/pceea.vi.15874
C. Gibson, Michael Chabot, Janice Law, Matthew Thoms, Kimia Moozeh, Derek Blais, Paul Marleau
In 2021, Queen’s University partnered with BBA Engineering Consultants to build a full-scale, virtual reality copper sulphide mineral processing plant. This project, financially support by e-Campus Ontario, aims to prepare Ontario post-secondary institutions to increase their training capacity in mineral processing to meet projected labour demands.The tool includes an environment where engineering students can work in real-time to diagnose problems in a high-fidelity and safe manner using virtual reality to sharpen real-life problem solving and design skills, so students are workplace-ready for employment in the mining industry.This paper examines the design process beginning with conceptual design, through detailed design and pilot testing. Various aspects of the project are discussed, including the agile project management approach, the importance of considering pedagogical objectives early in the project, the value of partnering with industry, and plans for further development of the tool.
2021年,女王大学与BBA工程顾问公司合作,建立了一个全尺寸的虚拟现实硫化铜矿物加工厂。该项目由安大略省电子校园提供财政支助,目的是使安大略省高等教育机构作好准备,提高它们在矿物加工方面的培训能力,以满足预计的劳动力需求。该工具包括一个环境,在这个环境中,工程专业的学生可以使用虚拟现实技术,以高保真和安全的方式实时诊断问题,提高现实生活中的问题解决和设计技能,从而为学生在采矿业的就业做好准备。本文考察了从概念设计开始,经过详细设计和中试的设计过程。讨论了项目的各个方面,包括敏捷项目管理方法、在项目早期考虑教学目标的重要性、与行业合作的价值,以及该工具进一步开发的计划。
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Proceedings of the Canadian Engineering Education Association (CEEA)
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