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Catalyst: Feminism, Theory, Technoscience最新文献

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Digital Black Feminism, by Catherine Knight Steele (New York University Press, 2021) 《数字黑人女权主义》,凯瑟琳·奈特·斯蒂尔著(纽约大学出版社,2021年)
Pub Date : 2022-11-07 DOI: 10.28968/cftt.v8i2.38487
Leslie Kay Jones
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引用次数: 0
Feminist Crops: A More-than-Human Concept for Advancing Feminist Crop Breeding for Development 女权主义作物:推动女权主义作物育种促进发展的超越人类的概念
Pub Date : 2022-11-07 DOI: 10.28968/cftt.v8i2.37243
I. Tarjem
Gender matters in agriculture, and crop breeding teams are increasingly being asked to develop plant varieties that respond to the needs and preferences of men and women. Achieving gender-responsive crop breeding requires communication and cooperation across disciplines, not least between crop breeders and gender specialists. The coming together of plant sciences and gender studies necessitates novel ideas, concepts, and approaches that unite nature with culture and the material with the social. However, the development of such approaches is still in its infancy. Empirically grounded in experiences in and observations of social and natural scientists working at the intersection of gender and crop breeding in an African context, this article contributes to filling this gap by proposing the concept of the “feminist crop.” The feminist crop captures the entanglement of crops with women’s embodied practices, knowledges, capabilities, and power, and contributes to an ethico-onto-epistemological and methodological investigation of how intersectional gender identities and relations are embedded in plant–people entanglements. Using examples from banana, yam, and cassava, I explore how the feminist crop can expand the boundaries of how we think about agency, power, and empowerment in agriculture, as well as how plant genome editing grounded in the feminist crop concept may be used as a feminist tool to entangle plants and people in more socially just ways. Ultimately then, the feminist crop contributes to advancing feminist crop breeding.
性别在农业中很重要,越来越多的作物育种小组被要求开发能够满足男性和女性需求和偏好的植物品种。实现对性别敏感的作物育种需要跨学科的沟通与合作,尤其是在作物育种者和性别专家之间。植物科学和性别研究的结合需要新的思想、概念和方法,将自然与文化、物质与社会结合起来。然而,这种方法的发展仍处于起步阶段。这篇文章基于在非洲背景下从事性别和作物育种交叉工作的社会和自然科学家的经验和观察,通过提出“女权主义作物”的概念,有助于填补这一空白。女权主义作物抓住了作物与女性的具体实践、知识、能力和权力之间的纠缠,并有助于对交叉的性别身份和关系如何嵌入植物与人的纠缠进行伦理学-本体-认识论和方法论的调查。以香蕉、山药和木薯为例,我探索了女权主义作物如何扩大我们对农业代理、权力和赋权的思考范围,以及基于女权主义作物概念的植物基因组编辑如何被用作女权主义工具,以更社会公正的方式将植物和人类联系在一起。最终,女权主义作物有助于推进女权主义作物育种。
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引用次数: 0
The Distance Cure: A History of Teletherapy by Hannah Zeavin (The MIT Press, 2021) 《远程治疗:远程治疗史》汉娜·泽文著(麻省理工学院出版社,2021年)
Pub Date : 2022-11-07 DOI: 10.28968/cftt.v8i2.38239
Elizabeth Ellcessor
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引用次数: 0
From Kern Island to the Streets of Bakersfield: Logics of Contamination, Embodied Empiricisms, and the Afterlives of Reclamation 从克恩岛到贝克斯菲尔德的街道:污染的逻辑,具体化的经验主义,以及开垦的来世
Pub Date : 2022-11-07 DOI: 10.28968/cftt.v8i2.36623
V. Underhill
California’s arid San Joaquin Valley was once inundated by lakes and wetlands. Through settler colonial discourses of contamination, a network of canals and aqueducts drained these lakes and wetlands in the late nineteenth century. Now, the Valley’s air and water are contaminated by pesticides, nitrates, and hydrocarbons from oil extraction and large-scale agriculture. Building from archival research and participant observation with environmental justice activists, this paper bridges settler colonial and critical Indigenous studies, work on racial capitalism, and feminist science studies to investigate logics of contamination in the production of private property through hydraulic projects. California’s hydrologic history shows that ideas of contamination were contested alongside emergent ideas of the racialized body. Hydraulic infrastructure, then, was not only an economic project but functioned within a larger logic of contamination that further articulated racial formations and settler sovereignty claims. Yet chemical contamination can also induce futurities, intimacies, and collectivities in powerful ways, as environmental justice activists in the valley consistently highlight. I argue that a critical analytic of contamination can trace how racial categories are ecologically produced and reconfigured, not only through differential relationships to land, but through changes in the land itself.
加州干旱的圣华金河谷曾经被湖泊和湿地淹没。通过殖民者关于污染的言论,19世纪后期,一个运河和渡槽网络将这些湖泊和湿地排干。现在,山谷的空气和水受到了农药、硝酸盐和石油开采和大规模农业生产产生的碳氢化合物的污染。本文以档案研究和环境正义活动家的参与观察为基础,将定居者殖民地和批判性土著研究、种族资本主义工作和女权主义科学研究联系起来,调查通过水利工程生产私有财产的污染逻辑。加州的水文学历史表明,污染的观点与种族化的身体的新兴观点是有争议的。因此,水利基础设施不仅是一个经济项目,而且在更大的污染逻辑中发挥作用,进一步阐明了种族形成和定居者的主权要求。然而,正如硅谷的环境正义活动人士一直强调的那样,化学污染也能以强大的方式诱导未来、亲密关系和集体。我认为,对污染的批判性分析可以追溯种族类别是如何在生态上产生和重新配置的,不仅通过与土地的差异关系,而且通过土地本身的变化。
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引用次数: 0
Gestos textiles: Un acercamiento material a las etnografías, los cuerpos y los tiempos, by Tania Pérez-Bustos (Editorial Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 2021) 纺织品手势:民族志、身体和时代的物质方法,Tania perez - bustos(哥伦比亚国立大学出版社,2021年)
Pub Date : 2022-11-07 DOI: 10.28968/cftt.v8i2.37872
Sandra P González Santos
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引用次数: 0
Technologies of Quiescence: Measuring Biodiversity, “Intactness,” and Extractive Industry in Canada 静止技术:测量生物多样性、“完整性”和加拿大的采掘业
Pub Date : 2022-11-07 DOI: 10.28968/cftt.v8i2.37828
S. Blacker
Debates over the environmental costs of industrial resource extraction in Alberta, Canada—home to a petrochemical industry that plays an outsize economic and political role—are reaching a fever pitch in response to government regulations on industry, data on climate change threats, and social movements pushing for environmental protection. Away from the news headlines, scientists are developing new metrics and models to calculate biodiversity loss and other outcomes of industrial environmental contamination. But these data are not only used to provide evidence of environmental harm. Practitioners of settler science like the Alberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute employ such data in combination with the metaphor of environmental “intactness,” generating colonial mythologies of terra nullius anew, and enabling industrial extraction to continue. This paper theorizes a technology of settler colonial concealment. It shows how settler technologies of quiescence operate through the strategic use of scientific metrics, thereby concealing evidence of colonial harm and promoting a fiction of environmental “intactness” in a province that is home to one of the most environmentally destructive industries in the world.
加拿大阿尔伯塔省的石化工业在经济和政治上都发挥着巨大的作用。由于政府对工业的规定、气候变化威胁的数据以及推动环境保护的社会运动,围绕工业资源开采的环境成本的争论正达到白热化程度。在新闻头条之外,科学家们正在开发新的指标和模型来计算生物多样性的丧失和工业环境污染的其他后果。但这些数据不仅仅是用来提供环境危害的证据。像阿尔伯塔生物多样性监测研究所这样的定居者科学实践者将这些数据与环境“完整”的隐喻结合起来,重新产生了无主地的殖民神话,并使工业开采得以继续。本文从理论上提出了一种移民殖民隐蔽技术。它展示了定居者如何通过战略性地使用科学指标来实现平静技术,从而掩盖殖民危害的证据,并在一个拥有世界上最具环境破坏性的工业之一的省份宣传环境“完好无损”的虚构。
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引用次数: 0
For Careful Slugs: Caring for Unknowing in CS (Computer Science) 给细心的鼻涕虫:关心CS(计算机科学)中的无知
Pub Date : 2022-11-07 DOI: 10.28968/cftt.v8i2.37723
Loren Britton, Helen Pritchard
Careful Slugs are metaphors that speculatively care for diverse practices within and alongside Computer Science. In this image-text paper we wonder with CS (Careful Slugs)––the materiality and metaphor that they generate as they encounter computational infrastructures, digital design, and interfaces. Through queer playfulness and promiscuous metaphorical practice, we propose CS as an opening metaphor for CS (Computer Science) departments where the hardened muscular lines of models and predatory based solutionisms beckon some defensive slime. As those that traverse ever-shifting and undone grounds, CS (Careful Slug) emerges from a critical disability studies perspective. We outline to practice, CS (Careful Slug) is to practice a slow “soft gooey”; to shield using protective mucous layers; to make chemical binds sticky enough to hold in-place inconclusively yet with possibilities of lubricating accountability. We invite you to sink with us into soft gooey worldings of slug-imaginings not to overburden the slug but to speculate how metaphors, might contribute to trans*feminist technoscience, accessibility, and CS (Computer Science) concerns. 
小心的鼻涕虫是隐喻,思辨地关心计算机科学内部和旁边的各种实践。在这篇图像文本论文中,我们想知道CS(小心鼻涕虫)——当它们遇到计算基础设施、数字设计和界面时,它们产生的物质性和隐喻性。通过古怪的玩笑和混杂的隐喻实践,我们提出CS作为CS(计算机科学)部门的开场隐喻,其中模型的硬化肌肉线和基于掠夺性的解决方案招来了一些防御性的粘液。当那些穿越不断变化和未完成的场地时,CS(小心的蛞蝓)从一个关键的残疾研究角度出现。我们大纲练习,CS(小心鼻涕虫)是练习一个缓慢的“软黏”;用保护性粘膜层保护;使化学粘合剂具有足够的粘性,使其不确定地固定在原位,但有可能起到润滑作用。我们邀请你和我们一起沉浸在鼻涕虫想象的柔软粘稠的世界里——不是为了让鼻涕虫负担太重,而是为了推测隐喻如何有助于跨性别女权主义技术科学、可访问性和CS(计算机科学)的关注。
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引用次数: 0
Daphnia and Apollo: An Epigenetic Fable 达芙妮和阿波罗:一个表观遗传寓言
Pub Date : 2022-11-07 DOI: 10.28968/cftt.v8i2.36728
Martha Kenney
Environmental epigenetics is a field of molecular biology that studies how signals from the environment (e.g., food, toxicants, and even our social milieu) affect gene expression. Although, for some, environmental epigenetics promises a new and dynamic account of the relationship between organisms and their environments, current research using model organisms often relies on stereotypical assumptions about gender, race, class, and sexuality in humans (Kenney and Müller 2017). In this article, rather than simply critiquing dominant narratives, I tell a different story—a feminist fable about small crustaceans called Daphnia, who display remarkable epigenetic responses to their environments. For example, many species of Daphnia are made up of clonal females who reproduce asexually, but when resources are scarce they produce males and practice sexual reproduction. In the presence of predators, they grow helmets and neckteeth, passing these adaptations along to their clonal daughters—a potentially epigenetic inheritance. Working within the metaphoric tissue of technoscience, I bring recent research on Daphnia epigenetics together with the story of Daphne and Apollo from Ovid’s Metamorphoses in order to activate new possibilities for understanding the relations between humans and animals, organisms and their environments. 
环境表观遗传学是分子生物学的一个领域,研究来自环境(如食物、毒物,甚至我们的社会环境)的信号如何影响基因表达。虽然,对一些人来说,环境表观遗传学承诺对生物与其环境之间的关系进行新的动态描述,但目前使用模式生物的研究往往依赖于对人类性别、种族、阶级和性行为的刻板假设(Kenney and m ller 2017)。在这篇文章中,我不是简单地批评主流叙事,而是讲述一个不同的故事——一个关于小甲壳类动物水蚤的女权主义寓言,水蚤对环境表现出非凡的表观遗传反应。例如,许多种类的水蚤是由无性繁殖的无性繁殖雌性组成的,但当资源稀缺时,它们会产生雄性并进行有性繁殖。在掠食者面前,它们会长出头盔和颈齿,并将这些适应性传给它们的克隆后代——这可能是一种表观遗传。在技术科学的隐喻组织中工作,我将最近对达芙妮表观遗传学的研究与奥维德的《变形记》中的达芙妮和阿波罗的故事结合起来,以激活理解人类与动物,生物及其环境之间关系的新可能性。
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引用次数: 1
Chemical Disability and Technoscientific Experimental Subjecthood: Reimagining the Canary in the Coal Mine Metaphor 化学伤残与技术科学实验主体性:煤矿隐喻中金丝雀的再想象
Pub Date : 2022-11-07 DOI: 10.28968/cftt.v8i2.36206
Sophia Jaworski
The “canary in the coal mine” metaphor is used by the chemically sensitive community to make sense of and crip spaces containing low-levels of toxic atmospheric petrochemicals. This article reflects on the technocultural genealogies entrenched within the metaphor. A by-product of the imperial exotic bird trade, canary companion species played a formative role in early technoscientific understandings of toxic exposure starting in the nineteenth century as animal sentinels in coal mine rescues. Chemically sensitive people mobilize the canary metaphor to situate themselves within toxic environments as sentinel and experimental subjects, potentiating a feminist knowledge about chemical disability. Identifying as a human canary underscores how consumer commodities are universally structured for the chemical capacities of able-bodied male subjects, revealing gendered and ableist technocultural logics. The metaphor may also conjure a universal form of sacrificial life that ignores how canaries and self-identifying chemically sensitive people are differently situated in the colonial surround of racial capital. Canary knowledges arise from practicing metaphor as meaning and method—they offer a trajectory for crip-led community practices to build more capacious knowledges of exposure by extending anti-colonial and anti-racist commitments towards relational productions of accessibility. Reclaiming technoscientific experimental subjecthood can thus encourage new collective possibilities to address the global onslaught of chemical violence.
“煤矿里的金丝雀”这个比喻被化学敏感的群体用来理解和控制含有低水平有毒大气石化产品的空间。这篇文章反映了在隐喻中根深蒂固的技术文化谱系。作为帝国外来鸟类贸易的副产品,金丝雀作为煤矿救援中的动物哨兵,在19世纪早期对有毒物质暴露的技术科学理解中发挥了重要作用。对化学敏感的人利用金丝雀的比喻,把自己置于有毒的环境中,作为哨兵和实验对象,强化了女权主义者对化学残疾的认识。被认定为人类金丝雀,强调了消费品是如何普遍地为身体健全的男性受试者的化学能力而构建的,揭示了性别化和身体健全的技术文化逻辑。这个比喻也可能让人联想到一种普遍形式的牺牲生活,它忽略了金丝雀和自我识别的化学敏感者在种族资本的殖民环境中是如何处于不同的位置。金丝雀知识源于将隐喻作为意义和方法的实践——它们为蹩脚的社区实践提供了一条轨迹,通过将反殖民和反种族主义的承诺扩展到可及性的相关产品,从而建立更广泛的暴露知识。因此,重新确立技术科学实验的主体性可以鼓励新的集体可能性,以应对化学暴力的全球冲击。
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引用次数: 0
We Refuse to Cope! The Vitruvian Nurse, the Code of Conduct, and Nurses’ Lived Knowledge 我们拒绝应付!维特鲁威护士,行为准则,护士生活知识
Pub Date : 2022-11-07 DOI: 10.28968/cftt.v8i2.36199
Jamie Smith, Eva-Maria Willis
We, as nurses, refuse to cope. In this editorial style piece we discuss the ongoing crisis in nursing and the ways in which this situation is being produced. We discuss the metaphors with which nursing is produced in the UK and US and how these metaphors produce an idealized version of nurses and nursing that is impossible. We situate this metaphor in critical posthuman theory by drawing comparisons to Braidotti’s (2013) understanding of the idealised human as an axiom of social production under advanced capitalist societies. We make comparisons of this idealized person with the idealized nurses that are captured in nursing codes of conduct and practice. We then suggest ways in which we can resist and diffract metaphors in nursing to produce affirmative futures.
作为护士,我们拒绝应付。在这篇社论风格的文章中,我们讨论了正在进行的护理危机以及这种情况产生的方式。我们讨论了在英国和美国产生护理的隐喻,以及这些隐喻如何产生护士和护理的理想化版本,这是不可能的。通过与Braidotti(2013)将理想化的人类作为发达资本主义社会社会生产公理的理解进行比较,我们将这一隐喻置于批判的后人类理论中。我们将这个理想化的人与理想化的护士进行比较,这些护士在护理行为和实践准则中被捕获。然后,我们提出了一些方法,在护理中我们可以抵制和衍射隐喻,以产生积极的未来。
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引用次数: 0
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Catalyst: Feminism, Theory, Technoscience
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