FlatChem最新文献

英文中文

A full carbon-based thermoplastic photocatalyst for organic pollutants abatement: An experimental and computational study

IF 5.9 3区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

FlatChem

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100809

Lidia Mezzina , Angelo Nicosia , Vincenzo Patamia , Antonio Rescifina , Luisa D’Urso , Vincenzo Paratore , Placido Giuseppe Mineo

Remediating water pollution utilizing inorganic semiconductor photocatalysts represents the prevailing standard for sustainable depollution. However, the applicability of this method is impeded in underground environments, low Earth orbit outposts, and future lunar bases due to the scarcity of essential materials and the logistical challenges associated with supply provision. Within this framework, developing photocatalytic systems utilizing on-site accessible resources or repurposing plastic or bio-waste materials is deemed more advantageous. In particular, a hybrid fully carbon-based material incorporating a bio-derived chromophore may leverage the electronic interactions between the carbon moiety and the chromophore antenna to induce photocatalytic processes. In the present study, a porphyrin-reduced graphene oxide photocatalytic system was developed through a one-pot synthesis method, allowing the simultaneous covalent attachment of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-porphyrin to the graphene oxide platform while concurrently reducing the latter. To prevent the dispersion and self-aggregation of the powder during water depollution treatments, the carbon-based photocatalyst was further integrated into polyvinyl acetate using an in-situ polymerization approach, producing various nanocomposites with different weight percentages of photocatalyst loads. The obtained products were characterized by infrared, Raman, absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies, electrochemical analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis. Photocatalytic tests, performed with both solar simulating and visible light (>400 nm), showed that the nanocomposites could act efficiently as sequestering agents and photocatalysts for organic pollutants. Finally, computational studies were performed to verify the spectroscopic features of the system and elucidate its photocatalytic mechanism. These studies demonstrated that the constructed photocatalytic system induced a planarization of the porphyrin structure, significantly enhancing its photocatalytic performance by increased light absorption, more efficient charge separation, and greater structural stability, collectively contributing to more robust and efficient catalytic cycles in the observed photocatalytic process.

{"title":"A full carbon-based thermoplastic photocatalyst for organic pollutants abatement: An experimental and computational study","authors":"Lidia Mezzina , Angelo Nicosia , Vincenzo Patamia , Antonio Rescifina , Luisa D’Urso , Vincenzo Paratore , Placido Giuseppe Mineo","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100809","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100809","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Remediating water pollution utilizing inorganic semiconductor photocatalysts represents the prevailing standard for sustainable depollution. However, the applicability of this method is impeded in underground environments, low Earth orbit outposts, and future lunar bases due to the scarcity of essential materials and the logistical challenges associated with supply provision. Within this framework, developing photocatalytic systems utilizing on-site accessible resources or repurposing plastic or bio-waste materials is deemed more advantageous. In particular, a hybrid fully carbon-based material incorporating a bio-derived chromophore may leverage the electronic interactions between the carbon moiety and the chromophore antenna to induce photocatalytic processes. In the present study, a porphyrin-reduced graphene oxide photocatalytic system was developed through a one-pot synthesis method, allowing the simultaneous covalent attachment of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis-(<em>p</em>-hydroxyphenyl)-porphyrin to the graphene oxide platform while concurrently reducing the latter. To prevent the dispersion and self-aggregation of the powder during water depollution treatments, the carbon-based photocatalyst was further integrated into polyvinyl acetate using an <em>in-situ</em> polymerization approach, producing various nanocomposites with different weight percentages of photocatalyst loads. The obtained products were characterized by infrared, Raman, absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies, electrochemical analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis. Photocatalytic tests, performed with both solar simulating and visible light (>400 nm), showed that the nanocomposites could act efficiently as sequestering agents and photocatalysts for organic pollutants. Finally, computational studies were performed to verify the spectroscopic features of the system and elucidate its photocatalytic mechanism. These studies demonstrated that the constructed photocatalytic system induced a planarization of the porphyrin structure, significantly enhancing its photocatalytic performance by increased light absorption, more efficient charge separation, and greater structural stability, collectively contributing to more robust and efficient catalytic cycles in the observed photocatalytic process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100809"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143182863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A review on two-dimensional nanosheet membranes for separation

IF 5.9 3区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

FlatChem

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.flatc.2024.100774

Xiaoming Yu, Yichun Cai, Tianfu Wang, Tongwen Yu

Two-dimensional building blocks with atomic thinness can be assembled into ultrathin separation membranes minimizing the transport resistance to maximize the permeation rate. Herein, this review focuses on the current states, challenges and perspectives of 2D nanosheet membranes. The nanosheet membranes, such as zeolite, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), graphene and graphene oxide (GO), COFs-based and mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) as well as 2D confined membranes are first systematically introduced. Further, the recent advances of synthesis methods for 2D nanosheets and membranes are systematically reviewed. It concludes with the current challenges of membrane synthesis and performance, the perspectives are also provided.

引用次数: 0

An electroactive nanocomposite based on g-C3N4 and bioinspired synthesized reduced graphene oxide grafted Ag nanoparticles for p-nitrophenol detection

IF 5.9 3区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

FlatChem

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.flatc.2024.100802

Devkumari Patel , Swati Jaiswal , Bhushashi Khuntey , Sanju Yadav , Ankita Rai , Vijai K Rai , Manorama Singh

We report the p-nitrophenol electrochemical sensor using a new nanocomposite composed of bioinspired synthesised ‘reduced graphene oxide grafted Ag nanoparticles and g-C₃N₄ ‘(AgNPs-rGO)_TL’. Here, it has been prepared by simultaneous reduction of AgNO₃ and graphene oxide (GO) in one pot using only a phytoextract i. e. Ocimum sanctum leaf extract as a ‘green reducer’. It is a straightforward, green and cost-effective approach. Further, it blends with graphitic carbon nitride to form a new nanocomposite (AgNPs-rGO)_TL:g-C₃N₄ for electrocatalytic sensing of toxic ‘p-nitrophenol’ in the aqueous medium at −0.62 V. The synthesized nanocomposite was well-characterized by FTIR, XPS, XRD, SEM with EDX and TEM. Phyto-synthesized (AgNPs-rGO)_TL synergistically enhances the properties of g-C₃N₄ such as surface coverage area and electron transportation. The newly fabricated sensor exhibited negligible influence of common interferences and performed well in a very wide linearity in two calibration ranges (0.015 μM–846 μM and 846 μM–8001 μM) and detection limit (15 nM). The real-world sample analysis was well performed.

{"title":"An electroactive nanocomposite based on g-C3N4 and bioinspired synthesized reduced graphene oxide grafted Ag nanoparticles for p-nitrophenol detection","authors":"Devkumari Patel , Swati Jaiswal , Bhushashi Khuntey , Sanju Yadav , Ankita Rai , Vijai K Rai , Manorama Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2024.100802","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2024.100802","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report the <em>p</em>-nitrophenol electrochemical sensor using a new nanocomposite composed of bioinspired synthesised ‘reduced graphene oxide grafted Ag nanoparticles and <em>g</em>-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> ‘(AgNPs-rGO)<sub>TL</sub>’. Here, it has been prepared by simultaneous reduction of AgNO<sub>3</sub> and graphene oxide (GO) in one pot using only a phytoextract <em>i. e. Ocimum sanctum</em> leaf extract as a ‘green reducer’. It is a straightforward, green and cost-effective approach. Further, it blends with graphitic carbon nitride to form a new nanocomposite (AgNPs-rGO)<sub>TL</sub>:<em>g</em>-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> for electrocatalytic sensing of toxic ‘<em>p</em>-nitrophenol’ in the aqueous medium at −0.62 V. The synthesized nanocomposite was well-characterized by FTIR, XPS, XRD, SEM with EDX and TEM. Phyto-synthesized (AgNPs-rGO)<sub>TL</sub> synergistically enhances the properties of <em>g</em>-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> such as surface coverage area and electron transportation. The newly fabricated sensor exhibited negligible influence of common interferences and performed well in a very wide linearity in two calibration ranges (0.015 μM–846 μM and 846 μM–8001 μM) and detection limit (15 nM). The real-world sample analysis was well performed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100802"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143182866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The enhanced lifetime of printed GaS-based photodetectors with polymer encapsulation

IF 5.9 3区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

FlatChem

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.flatc.2024.100795

Cem Odaci , Muhammad Shaukat Khan , Tutku Beduk , Manoj Jose , Marta Kisielewska , Umut Aydemir , Ali Roshanghias

Exhibiting excellent absorption in the UV–visible wavelength range makes layered gallium sulfide (GaS) semiconductor material a promising candidate for use in electronics and optoelectronics applications. Recently, a fully printed GaS-based photodetector has been proposed and fabricated, rendering a low-cost fabrication process in flexible electronics. However, the degradation of the semiconductor layer due to environmental conditions causes reliability issues and shortens their lifetime. Thus, in this study, an attempt has been made to encapsulate printed GaS-based photodetector using different polymers to hinder the degradation. It is demonstrated that encapsulating the printed GaS-based photodetector by utilizing the polymer-capping method with styrene co-polymers, Polystyrene-block-polyisoprene-block-polystyrene, highly hydrogenated poly(styrene)-block-poly(butadiene), partially hydrogenated poly(styrene)-block-poly(butadiene), increases the performance of the photodetector. The efficiency of the GaS-based photodetector printed on flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate has reached up to 123 % in responsivity in 6 weeks after the polymer coating. Also, the device figure of merit, the detectivity value of the printed photodetector, has increased more than three times after the polymer coating compared to its as-deposited state. Meanwhile, it is observed that the fall and rise times of the printed GaS photodetector have remained constant. Based on these results attained in this study, it can be claimed that the polymer coating provides high performance and long stability in the printed GaS-based photodetectors on flexible substrates, which will pave the way for the further implementations of III-VI group layered semiconductor materials in electronics and optoelectronics applications.

{"title":"The enhanced lifetime of printed GaS-based photodetectors with polymer encapsulation","authors":"Cem Odaci , Muhammad Shaukat Khan , Tutku Beduk , Manoj Jose , Marta Kisielewska , Umut Aydemir , Ali Roshanghias","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2024.100795","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2024.100795","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exhibiting excellent absorption in the UV–visible wavelength range makes layered gallium sulfide (GaS) semiconductor material a promising candidate for use in electronics and optoelectronics applications. Recently, a fully printed GaS-based photodetector has been proposed and fabricated, rendering a low-cost fabrication process in flexible electronics. However, the degradation of the semiconductor layer due to environmental conditions causes reliability issues and shortens their lifetime. Thus, in this study, an attempt has been made to encapsulate printed GaS-based photodetector using different polymers to hinder the degradation. It is demonstrated that encapsulating the printed GaS-based photodetector by utilizing the polymer-capping method with styrene co-polymers, Polystyrene-block-polyisoprene-block-polystyrene, highly hydrogenated poly(styrene)-block-poly(butadiene), partially hydrogenated poly(styrene)-block-poly(butadiene), increases the performance of the photodetector. The efficiency of the GaS-based photodetector printed on flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate has reached up to 123 % in responsivity in 6 weeks after the polymer coating. Also, the device figure of merit, the detectivity value of the printed photodetector, has increased more than three times after the polymer coating compared to its as-deposited state. Meanwhile, it is observed that the fall and rise times of the printed GaS photodetector have remained constant. Based on these results attained in this study, it can be claimed that the polymer coating provides high performance and long stability in the printed GaS-based photodetectors on flexible substrates, which will pave the way for the further implementations of III-VI group layered semiconductor materials in electronics and optoelectronics applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100795"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143182919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cost-effective and selective determining <1 µm melamine microplastics via the photoelectrochemical properties of Ir-Cu non-hexagonal nanosheets 通过非六角Ir-Cu纳米片的光电化学特性，经济高效地选择性测定小于1微米的三聚氰胺微塑料

IF 5.9 3区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

FlatChem

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.flatc.2024.100801

Nallin Sharma , Chia-Hung Chi , Deepak Dabur , Andrew Chi-Chang Tsai , Hui-Fen Wu

The increasing health hazards of microplastics has raised an alarming scenario worldwide. Microplastic contaminants are present everywhere and causing unwanted interactions and hence termed as pollutants. Strict studies to explore the involvement of small-size microplastics are need of hour, and highly sensitive probes are required for identification. The present study explores highly sensitive identification of <1 µm melamine microplastic in water sources using non-hexagonal IrCu (NH-IC) nanosheets as a photoelectrochemical (PEC) agent. Synthesis of IrCu nanosheet is carried out via a non-hydrolytic sol–gel process, assisted with the probe-sonication method. The methodology is stringently developed to achieve high PEC response under UV illumination, the current density increases after UV-illumination. Selective identification of melamine was achieved in comparison with other similar-sized microplastics, and particulate count’s measurement showed a high linearity response. The particulate study shows a high linearity response after incubation with the NH-IC nanosheet. The calculated response after melamine microplastic incubation for 10 and 20 min is R² 0.9421, 0.9624 and the limit of detection is 0.034 ppm and 0.0028 ppm, respectively.

{"title":"Cost-effective and selective determining <1 µm melamine microplastics via the photoelectrochemical properties of Ir-Cu non-hexagonal nanosheets","authors":"Nallin Sharma , Chia-Hung Chi , Deepak Dabur , Andrew Chi-Chang Tsai , Hui-Fen Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2024.100801","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2024.100801","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing health hazards of microplastics has raised an alarming scenario worldwide. Microplastic contaminants are present everywhere and causing unwanted interactions and hence termed as pollutants. Strict studies to explore the involvement of small-size microplastics are need of hour, and highly sensitive probes are required for identification. The present study explores highly sensitive identification of <1 µm melamine microplastic in water sources using non-hexagonal IrCu (NH-IC) nanosheets as a photoelectrochemical (PEC) agent. Synthesis of IrCu nanosheet is carried out via a non-hydrolytic sol–gel process, assisted with the probe-sonication method. The methodology is stringently developed to achieve high PEC response under UV illumination, the current density increases after UV-illumination. Selective identification of melamine was achieved in comparison with other similar-sized microplastics, and particulate count’s measurement showed a high linearity response. The particulate study shows a high linearity response after incubation with the NH-IC nanosheet. The calculated response after melamine microplastic incubation for 10 and 20 min is R<sup>2</sup> 0.9421, 0.9624 and the limit of detection is 0.034 ppm and 0.0028 ppm, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100801"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143182939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of flexible nicotine sensors by inkjet printing of heteroatom-doped 3D V2C MXene nanoflower/holey carbon nanotube-based inks

IF 5.9 3区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

FlatChem

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100811

Havva Nur Gurbuz , Kenan Can Tok , Mehmet Gumustas , Esra Maltas Cagil , Hasan Huseyin Ipekci , Aytekin Uzunoglu

Two-dimensional (2D) metal carbides, nitrides, and carbo nitrides (MXenes) are considered potent alternatives to carbon-based 2D materials for inkjet printing. On the other hand, the low oxidation resistance and vulnerability to restacking issues make developing novel MXene-based materials with 3D structures essential. Herein, we developed highly stable aqueous inks consisting of Nitrogen and Sulphur-codoped (V₂C MXene nanoflower (Nf)/holey multiwalled carbon nanotube (h-MWCNT)) hybrids. The V₂C MXene Nf architectures with an average particle size of 284.6 ± 78.8 nm were synthesized using a facile ultrasonic treatment followed by a freeze-drying process without any template. The 3D V₂C MXene architectures were mixed with holey MWCNTs to enhance the oxidation stability of MXene. Furthermore, creating holes in the MWCNT structure enhanced the printability of the inks and boosted the electrochemical performance of the printed sensors significantly compared to pristine MWCNT-based hybrids. The inks were inkjet printed on flexible substrates to fabricate electrochemical sensors. The electrocatalytic activity of the printed sensors was assessed against nicotine. The results indicated that our novel printed sensor design performed much better than already reported sensors in terms of linear range (10–500 µM) and LOD (0.058 µM).

{"title":"Development of flexible nicotine sensors by inkjet printing of heteroatom-doped 3D V2C MXene nanoflower/holey carbon nanotube-based inks","authors":"Havva Nur Gurbuz , Kenan Can Tok , Mehmet Gumustas , Esra Maltas Cagil , Hasan Huseyin Ipekci , Aytekin Uzunoglu","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100811","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100811","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two-dimensional (2D) metal carbides, nitrides, and carbo nitrides (MXenes) are considered potent alternatives to carbon-based 2D materials for inkjet printing. On the other hand, the low oxidation resistance and vulnerability to restacking issues make developing novel MXene-based materials with 3D structures essential. Herein, we developed highly stable aqueous inks consisting of Nitrogen and Sulphur-codoped (V<sub>2</sub>C MXene nanoflower (Nf)/holey multiwalled carbon nanotube (h-MWCNT)) hybrids. The V<sub>2</sub>C MXene Nf architectures with an average particle size of 284.6 ± 78.8 nm were synthesized using a facile ultrasonic treatment followed by a freeze-drying process without any template. The 3D V<sub>2</sub>C MXene architectures were mixed with holey MWCNTs to enhance the oxidation stability of MXene. Furthermore, creating holes in the MWCNT structure enhanced the printability of the inks and boosted the electrochemical performance of the printed sensors significantly compared to pristine MWCNT-based hybrids. The inks were inkjet printed on flexible substrates to fabricate electrochemical sensors. The electrocatalytic activity of the printed sensors was assessed against nicotine. The results indicated that our novel printed sensor design performed much better than already reported sensors in terms of linear range (10–500 µM) and LOD (0.058 µM).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100811"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143182973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of delaminating agents on the structure, morphology, bonding and electrical properties of HF etched MXenes

IF 5.9 3区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

FlatChem

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.flatc.2024.100806

Swati Singh, Saicharan Dharavath, Supriya Kodali, Raj Kishora Dash

MXenes (2-dimensional metal carbides and carbonitrides) have gained significant attention as layered materials due to their unique combination of high electrical conductivity and hydrophilic nature. In this study, titanium carbide MXene (Ti₃C₂T_x) nanosheets have been synthesized by etching the MAX phase (Ti₃AlC₂) using hydrofluoric acid (HF) and subsequently delaminated using three different reagents: Tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAOH), Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and Aqueous ammonia (aq. NH₃). The impact of these delaminating agents on the structure, morphology and electrical properties of the resulting MXenes was thoroughly investigated to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Experimental results reveal that TMAOH is more effective in achieving layer separation than DMSO and aqueous NH₃. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) images confirm superior delamination with TMAOH, resulting in thinner, more transparent sheets than those obtained with the other agents. Raman spectroscopy further confirms successful layer separation in samples delaminated with TMAOH and DMSO with various surface functional groups including –OH, –F, and =O present on all delaminated sheets indicating that functionalization occurs during delamination. The electrical conductivity measurements results reveal that the etched MAX phase (MX3) exhibits higher electrical conductivity than the delaminated samples of identical thickness, likely due to the Grotthuss mechanism of proton conductivity playing a dominant role.

{"title":"The role of delaminating agents on the structure, morphology, bonding and electrical properties of HF etched MXenes","authors":"Swati Singh, Saicharan Dharavath, Supriya Kodali, Raj Kishora Dash","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2024.100806","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2024.100806","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>MXenes (2-dimensional metal carbides and carbonitrides) have gained significant attention as layered materials due to their unique combination of high electrical conductivity and hydrophilic nature. In this study, titanium carbide MXene (Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub>) nanosheets have been synthesized by etching the MAX phase (Ti<sub>3</sub>AlC<sub>2</sub>) using hydrofluoric acid (HF) and subsequently delaminated using three different reagents: Tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAOH), Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and Aqueous ammonia (aq. NH<sub>3</sub>). The impact of these delaminating agents on the structure, morphology and electrical properties of the resulting MXenes was thoroughly investigated to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Experimental results reveal that TMAOH is more effective in achieving layer separation than DMSO and aqueous NH<sub>3</sub>. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) images confirm superior delamination with TMAOH, resulting in thinner, more transparent sheets than those obtained with the other agents. Raman spectroscopy further confirms successful layer separation in samples delaminated with TMAOH and DMSO with various surface functional groups including –OH, –F, and =O present on all delaminated sheets indicating that functionalization occurs during delamination. The electrical conductivity measurements results reveal that the etched MAX phase (MX3) exhibits higher electrical conductivity than the delaminated samples of identical thickness, likely due to the Grotthuss mechanism of proton conductivity playing a dominant role.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100806"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143182974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hydrogen binding on the B36 borophene nanoflake decorated with first row transition metal atoms: DFT, QTAIM and AIMD study

IF 5.9 3区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

FlatChem

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.flatc.2024.100799

Kristína Tančárová , Iuliia V. Voroshylova , Lukas Bucinsky , Michal Malček

Borophene, a monolayer of boron atoms, belongs to intensively studied two-dimensional “beyond-graphene” materials. The B₃₆ borophene nanoflake is a finite size model system, containing a hexagonal vacancy similar to the ones present in β₁₂ and χ₃ borophene sheets. The hydrogen binding performance of B₃₆ decorated with various transition metal atoms is investigated using density functional theory and quantum theory of atoms in molecules. Hydrogen is considered to become one of the crucial energy sources in future, hence, a search for effective hydrogen storage materials is of urge importance. Obtained results suggest that B₃₆ decorated with Co, Ni, Fe, and Cu possess strong affinity to bind the H₂ molecule via formation of η²-dihydrogen bonds. Among them, the strongest H₂ binding is found for Co- and Ni-decorated B₃₆. Furthermore, B₃₆ decorated with Sc and Ti behave like H–H bond breakers while B₃₆ decorated with Zn possess only negligible affinity to bind H₂ molecule. The stability of the B₃₆ decorated with Co and Ni is verified by ab initio molecular dynamics. The presented data may also serve as a basis for reference in future large-scale computational studies of borophene-based materials.

{"title":"Hydrogen binding on the B36 borophene nanoflake decorated with first row transition metal atoms: DFT, QTAIM and AIMD study","authors":"Kristína Tančárová , Iuliia V. Voroshylova , Lukas Bucinsky , Michal Malček","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2024.100799","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2024.100799","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Borophene, a monolayer of boron atoms, belongs to intensively studied two-dimensional “beyond-graphene” materials. The B<sub>36</sub> borophene nanoflake is a finite size model system, containing a hexagonal vacancy similar to the ones present in β<sub>12</sub> and χ<sub>3</sub> borophene sheets. The hydrogen binding performance of B<sub>36</sub> decorated with various transition metal atoms is investigated using density functional theory and quantum theory of atoms in molecules. Hydrogen is considered to become one of the crucial energy sources in future, hence, a search for effective hydrogen storage materials is of urge importance. Obtained results suggest that B<sub>36</sub> decorated with Co, Ni, Fe, and Cu possess strong affinity to bind the H<sub>2</sub> molecule via formation of <em>η</em><sup>2</sup>-dihydrogen bonds. Among them, the strongest H<sub>2</sub> binding is found for Co- and Ni-decorated B<sub>36</sub>. Furthermore, B<sub>36</sub> decorated with Sc and Ti behave like H–H bond breakers while B<sub>36</sub> decorated with Zn possess only negligible affinity to bind H<sub>2</sub> molecule. The stability of the B<sub>36</sub> decorated with Co and Ni is verified by ab initio molecular dynamics. The presented data may also serve as a basis for reference in future large-scale computational studies of borophene-based materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100799"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143182865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhanced macroscopic polarization in bismuth titanate nanosheets for efficient piezo-photocatalytic degradation of pollutants by Nd doping 通过掺杂钕增强钛酸铋纳米片的宏观极化，实现污染物的高效压电光催化降解

IF 5.9 3区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

FlatChem

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.flatc.2024.100803

Qinrou Li , Sihai Sun , Yi Zeng , Xianxi Luo, Shiwei Liu, Jinhua Zhang, Zhiwu Chen

Recently, piezo-photocatalysis has attracted great scientific interest, in which a piezoelectric field promotes the separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs, thereby significantly enhancing the photocatalytic efficiency of the material. In this study, Bi_4-_xNd_xTi₃O₁₂ (x = 0, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, xNd-BTO) nanosheets were fabricated through a hydrothermal technique and employed as piezo-photocatalysts to degrade Rhodamine B (RhB) and diclofenac sodium (DS). Across all samples, 0.75Nd-BTO exhibited the highest piezo-photocatalytic efficiency, achieving complete RhB degradation in just 25 min, with an apparent rate constant of 0.2151 min⁻¹. This activity was approximately 9.31 times greater than that of pristine BTO, surpassing the performance of most piezo-photocatalysts reported. The appropriate amount of Nd doping increases the specific surface area, optimizes energy band structure, as well as promotes the coupling of piezoelectric and photocatalytic effects, which contribute to the excellent piezo-photocatalytic activity of 0.75Nd-BTO. In this work, it is shown that doping with appropriate amounts of Nd³⁺ can significantly improve the piezo-photocatalytic performance of piezoelectrics, which provides a feasible way to design efficient piezo-photocatalysts in the future.

最近，压电光催化引起了科学界的极大兴趣。压电场可促进光生电子-空穴对的分离，从而显著提高材料的光催化效率。本研究通过水热技术制备了 Bi4-xNdxTi3O12（x = 0、0.5、0.75、1.0，xNd-BTO）纳米片，并将其用作压电光催化剂来降解罗丹明 B（RhB）和双氯芬酸钠（DS）。在所有样品中，0.75Nd-BTO 的压电光催化效率最高，仅在 25 分钟内就实现了 RhB 的完全降解，表观速率常数为 0.2151 min-1。这一活性约为原始 BTO 的 9.31 倍，超过了大多数已报道的压电光催化剂的性能。适量的掺杂钕增加了比表面积，优化了能带结构，并促进了压电效应和光催化效应的耦合，从而使 0.75Nd-BTO 具有优异的压电光催化活性。本研究表明，掺杂适量的 Nd3+ 可以显著提高压电材料的压电光催化性能，这为未来设计高效的压电光催化剂提供了一条可行的途径。

{"title":"Enhanced macroscopic polarization in bismuth titanate nanosheets for efficient piezo-photocatalytic degradation of pollutants by Nd doping","authors":"Qinrou Li , Sihai Sun , Yi Zeng , Xianxi Luo, Shiwei Liu, Jinhua Zhang, Zhiwu Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2024.100803","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2024.100803","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recently, piezo-photocatalysis has attracted great scientific interest, in which a piezoelectric field promotes the separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs, thereby significantly enhancing the photocatalytic efficiency of the material. In this study, Bi<sub>4-</sub><em><sub>x</sub></em>Nd<em><sub>x</sub></em>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>12</sub> (<em>x</em> = 0, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, <em>x</em>Nd-BTO) nanosheets were fabricated through a hydrothermal technique and employed as piezo-photocatalysts to degrade Rhodamine B (RhB) and diclofenac sodium (DS). Across all samples, 0.75Nd-BTO exhibited the highest piezo-photocatalytic efficiency, achieving complete RhB degradation in just 25 min, with an apparent rate constant of 0.2151 min<sup>−1</sup>. This activity was approximately 9.31 times greater than that of pristine BTO, surpassing the performance of most piezo-photocatalysts reported. The appropriate amount of Nd doping increases the specific surface area, optimizes energy band structure, as well as promotes the coupling of piezoelectric and photocatalytic effects, which contribute to the excellent piezo-photocatalytic activity of 0.75Nd-BTO. In this work, it is shown that doping with appropriate amounts of Nd<sup>3+</sup> can significantly improve the piezo-photocatalytic performance of piezoelectrics, which provides a feasible way to design efficient piezo-photocatalysts in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100803"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143182943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rapid self-reconstruction of nickel in amorphous nickel borate nanosheets for efficient oxygen evolution in alkaline seawater splitting

IF 5.9 3区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

FlatChem

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.flatc.2024.100804

Thangavel Sakthivel , Abiyazhini Rajendran

Enhancing the transformation of true (Ni²⁺ to Ni³⁺) active site in amorphous nickel borate (NiB) is the paramount importance in alkaline water/ seawater splitting. In this study, we strengthen the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance of amorphous NiB nanosheets by adding Fe. The incorporated Fe enriches conductivity which facilitating formation of real active site in the NiFeB. This unique nanosheet structure of NiFeB features more active sites and large open surface area that permit the better electrolyte diffusion. The optimized electrocatalyst demonstrates impressive OER activity with an ultra-low overpotential of 180 mV (50 mA cm⁻²), a small Tafel slope (63 mV dec⁻¹) also exhibits exceptional durability over 24 h in alkaline water. Similarly, in alkaline seawater, the catalyst displays a low over potential of 185 mV to reach 50 mA cm⁻², a small Tafel slope 46 mV dec⁻¹ and excellent durability over 24 h. For the hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline water, the amorphous NiFe0.5B nanosheet shows low overpotential as 290 mV at 10 mA cm⁻², a small Tafel slope 195 mV dec⁻¹. In overall alkaline seawater splitting, the catalyst delivers 50 mA cm⁻² at the lowest cell voltage of 1.63 V with exceptional stability. This work provides valuable insights into the cost-effective design of amorphous transition metal borate OER catalyst for seawater splitting.

{"title":"Rapid self-reconstruction of nickel in amorphous nickel borate nanosheets for efficient oxygen evolution in alkaline seawater splitting","authors":"Thangavel Sakthivel , Abiyazhini Rajendran","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2024.100804","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2024.100804","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Enhancing the transformation of true (Ni<sup>2+</sup> to Ni<sup>3+</sup>) active site in amorphous nickel borate (NiB) is the paramount importance in alkaline water/ seawater splitting. In this study, we strengthen the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance of amorphous NiB nanosheets by adding Fe. The incorporated Fe enriches conductivity which facilitating formation of real active site in the NiFeB. This unique nanosheet structure of NiFeB features more active sites and large open surface area that permit the better electrolyte diffusion. The optimized electrocatalyst demonstrates impressive OER activity with an ultra-low overpotential of 180 mV (50 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>), a small Tafel slope (63 mV dec<sup>−1</sup>) also exhibits exceptional durability over 24 h in alkaline water. Similarly, in alkaline seawater, the catalyst displays a low over potential of 185 mV to reach 50 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>, a small Tafel slope 46 mV dec<sup>−1</sup> and excellent durability over 24 h. For the hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline water, the amorphous NiFe0.5B nanosheet shows low overpotential as 290 mV at 10 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>, a small Tafel slope 195 mV dec<sup>−1</sup>. In overall alkaline seawater splitting, the catalyst delivers 50 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> at the lowest cell voltage of 1.63 V with exceptional stability. This work provides valuable insights into the cost-effective design of amorphous transition metal borate OER catalyst for seawater splitting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100804"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143183021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

首页上一页

下一页尾页

类型

全部化学•材料生命科学医学物理工程技术环境•农林材料科学地球科学法学管理学化学环境科学与生态学计算机科学教育学经济学农林科学人文科学生物学数学物理与天体物理心理学综合性期刊其他工业工程理学历史学农学文学信息工程

数据库

全部 ACS Publications Elsevier ieeexplore Springer The Royal Society of Chemistry Wiley

期刊

FlatChem

全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.

﹀