FlatChem最新文献

{"title":"Plasmonic bismuth and CuBi2O4–Bi2O2CO3 deposition on sulfur-doped g-C3N4 for efficiently removing antibiotics upon visible light","authors":"Zahra Salmanzadeh-Jamadi ,&nbsp;Aziz Habibi-Yangjeh ,&nbsp;Alireza Khataee","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100971","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100971","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lately, there has been significant focus on pharmaceutical contaminants due to their destructive effects on the environment and potential toxicity to animals, humans, and aquatic ecosystems. An effective strategy to address these challenges is the application of heterogeneous photocatalysis utilizing semiconducting materials, which plays a crucial role in mitigating environmental hazards. In this research, bismuth nanoparticles and CuBi₂O₄–Bi₂O₂CO₃ (denoted as CBO–BOC) were effectively deposited on S-doped g-C₃N₄ (denoted as SCN) through a simple approach. These photocatalysts were employed to purify water contaminated with four different antibiotics (tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH), cephalexin (CPN), azithromycin (AZM), and metronidazole (MET)) upon visible light. The TCH degradation rate over the optimized Bi/CBO–BOC/SCN nanocomposite reached 99.7 % within 75 min, and the degradation constant was 754 × 10⁻⁴ min⁻¹, which was 8.98, 9.08, and 2.52 folds higher than SCN, CBO–BOC, and CBO–BOC/SCN (10 %) photocatalysts, respectively. The enhanced performance was devoted to the presence of metallic bismuth with surface plasmon resonance properties, sulfur doping, and the development of dual Z-type heterojunctions in the developed nanocomposite. This combination promoted the movement of photogenerated electrons while suppressing the recombination of electron/hole pairs, promoted the number of active sites, as well as visible-light harvesting properties. The results provide a simple method for preparing heterogeneous plasmonic photocatalysts for the degradation of common antibiotics, and we expect that they could be applied on a large scale for the treatment of industrial and domestic wastewaters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100971"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145568297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First-principles investigation of bimetallic Janus ScTaCO2 MXene: Structure, stability, and gas-sensing performance","authors":"José A.S. Laranjeira ,&nbsp;Nicolas F. Martins ,&nbsp;Fredy M. Gonzalo ,&nbsp;Victor J.R. Rivera ,&nbsp;Efracio M. Flores ,&nbsp;Pablo A. Denis ,&nbsp;Julio R. Sambrano","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100961","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100961","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;In this study, a first-principles investigation of bimetallic Janus ScTaCO&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; MXene is conducted, a novel two-dimensional carbide with Sc and Ta atoms positioned on opposite layers. This structure features lattice parameters of &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;a&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;b&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;18&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Å and a cohesive energy of &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;5&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;80&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; eV/atom. Phonon dispersion reveals and &lt;em&gt;ab initio&lt;/em&gt; molecular dynamics (AIMD) attest to the dynamic and thermal stability of this new material. An indirect band gap is reported, measured at 1.35 eV (2.24 eV) using the PBE (HSE06) method. It exhibits an isotropic onset of optical absorption, starting at 1.4 eV, with an absorption peak in the green-blue range. Evaluating the elastic constants, it was found &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;C&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;11&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;C&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;22&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;263&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;74&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mi&gt;N/m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;C&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;12&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;38&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;45&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mi&gt;N/m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, and &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;C&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;66&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;112&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;64&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mi&gt;N/m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, all fulfilling the Born–Huang criteria, which subsequently result in a calculated Young’s modulus of 258 N/m and a Poisson’s ratio of 0.146. Engaging in gas-sensing performance, gases such as NH&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, NH&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;CH&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, NH(CH&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, and PH&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; were examined, revealing adsorption energies between &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;318&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;917&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mi&gt;eV&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. Shifts in work-function up to 0.884 eV were noticed, alongside recovery times between &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;23&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;×&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;7&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; s for PH&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;57&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;×&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; s for NH(CH&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100961"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145462871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flexible pressure sensors based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes and corn stover fiber paper","authors":"Jijun Ding,&nbsp;Panting Zheng,&nbsp;Yongfeng Qu,&nbsp;Haixia Chen,&nbsp;Boquan Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100972","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100972","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Paper-based sensors have shown significant application due to their wide source of raw materials, low cost and biodegradability. This study aims to develop a novel, eco-friendly paper-based pressure sensor using corn stover as a raw material, offering a sustainable alternative to conventional sensing materials. Fibers are extracted from corn stover through alkaline cooking, followed by pulp preparation with chemical reagents. The pulp is then blended with a dispersed multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) solution to form a conductive composite. The sensing layer is fabricated via vacuum filtration and subsequent drying, resulting in a flexible and conductive paper substrate. The sensor exhibits a board sensing range (0–40.7 kPa) with high sensitivities of 15.13 kPa⁻¹ (0–11.7 kPa) and 10.21 kPa⁻¹ (11.7–24.5 kPa), along with rapid response and recovery time of 330 and 248 ms, respectively. The sensors enable monitoring of human physiological signals (such as pulse) and joint movements, along with posture correction. Furthermore, the sensor array demonstrates the capability to collect both spatial distributions and intensity signals of pressure. The results demonstrate the potential applications in flexible electronic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100972"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145614614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural and magnetic response of liquid-phase exfoliated graphene induced by boron doping","authors":"Sergio Morales ,&nbsp;Johanns Canaval ,&nbsp;Viviana Gomez ,&nbsp;Gustavo A. Orozco ,&nbsp;Yenny Hernandez","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100967","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100967","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Boron-doped graphene was synthesized from electrochemically exfoliated graphene (EEG) in Cyrene, DMF or NMP solvents, followed by freeze-drying and thermal treatment. Comprehensive characterization (Raman, XRD, FTIR, VSM) reveals that solvent selection influences the doping mechanism and resulting structure. Cyrene’s high viscosity promotes a porous architecture during freeze-drying, preserving EEG quality and enabling boron intercalation between graphene layers. This is evidenced by distinct signatures: a Raman sub-peak near the G band, the sharpening of the (002) XRD peak, and a magnetic transition from paramagnetic to diamagnetic behavior—analogous to lithium-intercalated graphite. In contrast, DMF and NMP lead to boron binding primarily at defects or edges, with significantly lower boron concentrations, resulting in weak turbostratic stacking, broader XRD peaks, and suppressed magnetic responses. These findings suggest that solvent properties, particularly viscosity, play a key role in determining the efficiency of boron doping and the resulting structural organization of the graphene-based materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100967"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145614613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the multifactorial coupling effects on electronic properties and irradiation behavior of transition metal dichalcogenides MS2 (M = Mo, W, V)","authors":"Ru-song Li ,&nbsp;Ling-Jun Zheng ,&nbsp;Kang Li ,&nbsp;Jia-huan Zhang ,&nbsp;Zheng Xie ,&nbsp;Jin-tao Wang ,&nbsp;Fei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100942","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100942","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study reveals the multifactorial impacts on the electronic properties and irradiation response of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) <em>M</em>S₂ (<em>M</em> = Mo, W, V). Employing first-principles calculations, we unravel the intricate interplay between d-electron correlations, magnetic ordering, and van der Waals interactions. Our results highlight that these interactions significantly modulate the band structures and phase stability of TMDs, leading to phenomena such as metal-insulator transitions and bandgap engineering. Additionally, we explore the effects of neutron irradiation on TMDs, revealing defect-induced structural metastability and electronic phase transitions. This work not only enhances our understanding of TMDs but also paves the way for designing advanced electronic and spintronic devices with tailored properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100942"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of transition metal and etchant in the synthesis of MXenes (Ti-, V-, and Cr-) and their electrochemical properties as supercapacitor electrodes","authors":"Syeda Sheeza Nadeem ,&nbsp;Rizwan Khan ,&nbsp;Afiten Rahmin Sanjaya ,&nbsp;Muhammad Iqbal Syauqi ,&nbsp;Yulia Mariana Tesa Ayudia Putri ,&nbsp;Respati Kevin Pramadewandaru ,&nbsp;Ferry Anggoro Ardy Nugroho ,&nbsp;Munawar Khalil ,&nbsp;Tribidasari Anggraningrum Ivandini","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100944","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100944","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effect of varying etchant on the synthesis of early 1st-row transition metal-based MXenes, including titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), and chromium (Cr), from their corresponding MAX phases were explored for supercapacitor applications. The MXenes were synthesised via chemical etching using HF/HCl or NaF/HCl mixtures, revealing that HF favors Ti-MXene while NaF is more effective for V- and Cr-MXenes. Comprehensive physiochemical characterisation including XRD, FTIR and XPS analyses confirmed the successful formation of transition metal carbides. FE-SEM/EDS and HR-TEM analyses revealed a two-dimensional layered morphology in each MXene with distinct lattice fringes, exhibiting d-spacing values of 0.245 nm, 1.556 nm, and 0.549 nm for Ti₃C₂T_x, V₂CT_x, and Cr₂CT_x respectively, confirming their crystalline nature. Furthermore, cyclic voltammetry revealed that V₂CT_x delivered the highest specific capacitance at 408.26 F g⁻¹, compared to Ti₃C₂T_x (97.23 F g⁻¹) and Cr₂CT_x (72.92 F g⁻¹) at 2 mV s⁻¹. Similarly, galvanostatic charge-discharge measurements showed a capacitance of 625.00 F g⁻¹ for V₂CT_x, significantly outperforming Ti₃C₂T_x (191.44 F g⁻¹) and Cr₂CT_x (41.19 F g⁻¹) at 0.5 A g⁻¹, while electrochemical impedance spectroscopy further confirmed its higher conductivity than the other MXenes. These findings underscore the critical role of the etchant in MXene synthesis and demonstrate the superior electrochemical performance of V-MXenes for supercapacitor electrodes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100944"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating Ohmic contacts in PtSe2-based electronics","authors":"M. Sojková ,&nbsp;O. Pohorelec ,&nbsp;J. Hrdá ,&nbsp;T.E. Krajčovičová ,&nbsp;A. Kozak ,&nbsp;L. Pribusová Slušná ,&nbsp;T. Ščepka ,&nbsp;M. Hulman ,&nbsp;M. Maťko ,&nbsp;V. Vretenár ,&nbsp;I. Píš ,&nbsp;F. Bondino ,&nbsp;M. Ťapajna ,&nbsp;D. Gregušová","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) hold significant promise for next-generation electronic devices due to their unique electrical and structural properties. However, the performance of TMD-based devices is strongly influenced by the nature of the metal–semiconductor contacts. Achieving low-resistance, stable, and efficient contacts remains a key challenge and a crucial factor in fully realizing the potential of TMD materials in practical applications. In particular, platinum diselenide (PtSe₂) has emerged as a compelling candidate due to its tunable electronic properties and suitability for scalable synthesis. Advanced fabrication and precise contact engineering are key to minimizing interfacial degradation and maximizing device performance.</div><div>In this study, epitaxial PtSe₂ layers were synthesized on c-plane sapphire, providing an ideal platform for scalable device fabrication. PtSe₂-based electronic structures were fabricated by a two-resist lift-off technique combined with a one-zone chalcogenization approach.</div><div>We have focused on the systematical contact engineering investigation by evaluating nickel (Ni) and platinum (Pt) as source/drain electrodes. Electrical characterization showed a threefold reduction in Pt contact resistance as compared to Ni. Correlative scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) confirm that Pt diffuses toward the substrate without disrupting the PtSe₂ layers, whereas Ni induces severe top-layer degradation.</div><div>To investigate the impact of thickness on device performance, we gradually reduced the thickness of few-layer PtSe₂ in Transfer Length Method (TLM) structures with Pt/Au contacts. The films maintained continuous morphology and stable electrical behavior down to 1.5 nm, while further reduction led to increased surface roughness, void formation, and a notable rise in sheet and contact resistance.</div><div>These findings highlight the critical role of contact engineering and interface quality in preserving film integrity and optimizing device performance. Moreover, the results offer a scalable fabrication pathway for integrating PtSe₂ and related TMDs into high-performance electronic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100943"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of graphene oxide and graphene quantum dots on morphology and electronic properties of composites containing poly(p-phenylene)","authors":"Joanna Breczko ,&nbsp;Diana M. Bobrowska ,&nbsp;Adam Mizera ,&nbsp;Patrycja Wilczewska ,&nbsp;Katarzyna Gdula ,&nbsp;Paweł Dubnicki ,&nbsp;Sylwia Zięba ,&nbsp;Agata Blacha-Grzechnik ,&nbsp;Karolina H. Markiewicz ,&nbsp;Kinga Cieciuch ,&nbsp;Krzysztof Winkler","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100970","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100970","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study focuses on the formation of poly(<em>p</em>-phenylene) composites containing graphene oxide (PPP/GO) as well as graphene quantum dots (PPP/GQDs). The composite components were coupled via non-covalent interplanar π-π interactions. Due to differences in the size of the carbon components, both studied composites exhibit different morphology. In the case of PPP/GO, the polymer is deposited on the surface of the graphene sheets forming agglomerates of irregular plates. In the PPP/GQDs composite, zero-dimensional dots are uniformly distributed in polymer spheres with a diameter of approximately 45–50 nm. The presence of carbon nanoparticles in the composite also results in the significance increase in the surface area and porosity of the synthesized materials. An in-depth study of the electron structure based on computational calculations, as well as voltammetric and spectroscopic measurements, enabled a comparison of the energy gap values and the position of the HOMO and LUMO levels of PPP, PPP/GO, and PPP/GQDs. The presence of carbon nanostructures in the composite leads to the decrease of the HOMO-LUMO energy gap. The innovative results of this work confirm that the size of flat carbon nanostructures (GO vs. GQDs) significantly affects the morphology, dispersion homogeneity, and optoelectronic properties of PPP composites, which results from non-covalent π-π interactions between the components.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100970"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145568253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multicomponent nanostructured catalyst of rGO-Bi-V2O5 for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue and supercapacitor applications","authors":"Sahil S. Magdum ,&nbsp;Gowthami Palanisamy ,&nbsp;Karuppaiah Selvakumar ,&nbsp;Sadhasivam Thangarasu ,&nbsp;Tae Hwan Oh","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100962","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100962","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The advancement of multifunctional nanomaterials aimed at environmental remediation and energy storage presents a significant challenge in the field of sustainable modern technologies. This research work represents the synthesis of a novel and well interconnected ternary nanostructure of two-dimensional layered reduced graphene oxide (rGO) with bismuth (Bi) and nanorod-like vanadium oxide (V₂O₅) for methylene blue (MB) degradation and supercapacitor applications. The effective photocatalyst has been identified by preparing various arrays, adjusting the Bi content, and incorporating rGO with V₂O₅ system as Bi-V₂O₅ (BiV) and rGO-Bi-V₂O₅ (rGBiV) catalysts. The as-developed materials were successfully verified through various sophisticated structural and microstructural analyses. The morphological investigation demonstrated that rGO are in adherence with Bi and V₂O₅. The utilization of Bi and rGO with V₂O₅ resulted in decrease in the bandgap and enhanced charge separation. The rGBiV-1 composite demonstrated remarkable photocatalytic performance, attaining a 96.72 % degradation of MB within 90 min under visible-light irradiation. The •OH radical is shown to be essential in the photodegradation process. It is significant that •O₂⁻ radical also contributed to the improvement of photocatalytic activity. Electrochemical measurements demonstrated a notable improvement in capacitive behavior, with rGBiV-1 achieving a specific capacitance of 475 F g⁻¹. This enhancement is linked to the synergistic effects of high surface area, effective electron transport through rGO, and the presence of redox-active sites (V⁵⁺/V⁴⁺). The findings demonstrate the promise of rGO-Bi-V₂O₅ nanohybrids as versatile materials for combined wastewater treatment and electrochemical energy storage applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100962"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145358084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical determination of Diuron in Brazilian crops: f-MWCNT@Chi-AgNPs nanocomposite-modified screen-printed electrode for food safety monitoring","authors":"Adriana C. da Silva ,&nbsp;Thiago S. da Sena ,&nbsp;Igor G.S. Oliveira ,&nbsp;Fausto E. Bimbi Junior ,&nbsp;Oswaldo C. Junior ,&nbsp;Robson S. Souto ,&nbsp;Michael M. Baruch ,&nbsp;João P.P. Encide ,&nbsp;Kathia M. Honorio ,&nbsp;Marcos R.V. Lanza ,&nbsp;Adriana E. de Carvalho ,&nbsp;Willyam R.P. Barros","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100929","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100929","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, an inexpensive, easy-to-make screen-printed electrochemical (SPE) sensor was developed and applied for diuron (DIU) detection in Brazilian crops. The SPE was modified with a hybrid nanocomposite, which consisted of functionalized carbon nanotubes, chitosan and silver nanoparticles (<em>f-</em>MWCNT@Chi-AgNPs). The AgNPs were obtained through a simple and rapid green synthesis using lemon leaf extract as a reducing agent. The sensor exhibits irreversible electrochemical behavior with a diffusion-controlled response. The SPE-modified sensor when applied for DIU detection, was obtained a wide linear range (0.02–50.0 μM), a low LOD (0.005 μM), and a high sensitivity. Experimental variables, such as pH and scan rate were optimized, with pH 7.0 identified as the optimal medium. The modified SPE sensor demonstrated excellent selectivity against common interferents, operational stability, and no memory effect. The DFT analysis, from the M06-2X and B3LYP functionals, and the Def2-SVP basis set, reveals that the DIU molecule is a moderate electrophile. These data suggest the SPE/<em>f-</em>MWCNT@Chi-AgNPs are both highly reactive and stable for DIU oxidation. Its practical applicability was confirmed through the analysis of real samples (orange fruit, orange juice, tangerine, sugarcane and tomato), where recovery rates between 100.09 and 110.61 % were obtained, with RSD below 4.0 %. The combination of conductive materials with porous structure and sustainable synthesis yielded an efficient analytical platform. The proposed sensor can be employed as a viable, rapid and effective alternative tool for monitoring pesticide residues in complex matrices, with strong potential for application in environmental and food quality analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100929"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145019314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}