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Collaborative Alignment: a framework for community-based collaboration for natural resource management, environmental policy decisions, and locally-led climate action 协作一致性:基于社区的自然资源管理、环境政策决策和地方主导的气候行动协作框架
IF 2.4 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-09-04 DOI: 10.3389/fcomm.2023.1228650
Gregg Walker, Gary Severson, Steve Daniels
This essay introduces the Collaborative Alignment Framework (CA) and proposes its suitability for empowering and engaging communities as they address issues related to SDG 15. The fifteenth Sustainable Development Goal is concerned with protecting, restoring and promoting sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems; managing forests sustainably; combating desertification, and stopping and reversing land biodiversity loss. Doing so necessarily involves communities and the parties that have a lot at stake related to environmental safeguards and management practices. Consequently, the discussion of Collaborative Alignment occurs in the following steps: First, it situates CA in the community-based forest collaborative movement in the United States, a movement that emerged in the forestry sector in the 1990s. Second, the essay addresses the foundations of CA. Third, CA is explained. Fourth, case examples of CA applications are featured. Lastly, the essay presents the relevance of Collaborative Alignment to “locally-led adaptation”, a community and place-based approach for addressing climate change (and SDG 13).
本文介绍了协作一致性框架(CA),并提出了其在解决与可持续发展目标15相关的问题时赋予社区权力和参与社区的适用性。第十五项可持续发展目标涉及保护、恢复和促进陆地生态系统的可持续利用;可持续地管理森林;防治荒漠化,制止和扭转土地生物多样性丧失。这样做必然涉及社区和与环境保障和管理实践有很多利害关系的各方。因此,协作一致性的讨论分以下几个步骤进行:首先,它将CA置于美国基于社区的森林协作运动中,该运动于20世纪90年代在林业部门出现。其次,本文阐述了CA的基础。第三,对CA进行了解释。第四,介绍了CA应用程序的案例示例。最后,本文介绍了协作一致性与“地方主导的适应”的相关性,这是一种以社区和地方为基础的应对气候变化(以及可持续发展目标13)的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Augmentative and Alternative Communication and digital participation 增强和替代通信和数字参与
Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.3389/fcomm.2023.1180257
Michael Wahl, Katharina Weiland
Communication is a basic need for all people to fully participate in life. Persons with disabilities may face particular challenges in developing their communication skills and using them appropriately in different situations. Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) tools and methods can assist individuals in this process. Increasing digitization has changed the way everyone communicates, and this offers opportunities for persons using AAC. This paper briefly outlines what has been achieved in terms of digitalization in AAC. The need for full, adapted access to technology is highlighted and research desiderata are identified.
沟通是所有人充分参与生活的基本需求。残疾人在发展沟通技巧和在不同情况下适当使用这些技巧方面可能面临特别的挑战。辅助和替代沟通(AAC)工具和方法可以帮助个人在这个过程中。日益增长的数字化改变了每个人的沟通方式,这为使用AAC的人提供了机会。本文简要概述了在AAC数字化方面所取得的成就。强调了充分、适应地获取技术的必要性,并确定了所需的研究。
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引用次数: 0
WeChat online visual language among Chinese Gen Z: virtual gift, aesthetic identity, and affection language Z世代微信网络视觉语言:虚拟礼物、审美身份、情感语言
IF 2.4 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.3389/fcomm.2023.1172115
Ruoxi Liu
As a relatively new and innovative form of digital communication and visual image, emojis, emoticons, and stickers are appreciated, yet criticised. Young people on social media have lost the traditional social etiquette and interpersonal networking skills, which is a challenge in itself. This study provides a better understanding of how young people engage and behave in diverse interpersonal contexts while utilising digital visual language.This study contributes to digital anthography and social media studies, by conducting this study through interviews with 10 Generation Z young people from urban China and a 2-month-long participatory observation of three WeChat group chats.By examining how young people use WeChat visual language in relationships with their elders or superiors, equivalent peers and intimate lovers or friends, this study found that emoticons and stickers become virtual gifts, aesthetic identities and the affection language of Generation Z.This study contends that digital visual languages and new media do not alter human nature or ethical standards but rather provide new avenues for expression and empower human affective communication. Although the core of traditional etiquette is still being passed on and absorbed, its form has changed.
作为一种相对较新的数字交流和视觉图像的创新形式,表情符号、表情符号和贴纸受到赞赏,但也受到批评。社交媒体上的年轻人失去了传统的社交礼仪和人际交往技巧,这本身就是一种挑战。这项研究提供了更好的理解年轻人如何参与和行为在不同的人际环境中,同时利用数字视觉语言。本研究通过对10位来自中国城市的Z世代年轻人的访谈,以及对三个微信群聊进行为期2个月的参与性观察,为数字选集和社交媒体研究做出了贡献。本研究通过考察年轻人在与长辈或上级、同级同事、亲密恋人或朋友的关系中如何使用微信视觉语言,发现表情符号和贴纸成为z世代的虚拟礼物、审美身份和情感语言。本研究认为,数字视觉语言和新媒体并没有改变人性或道德标准,而是提供了新的表达途径,赋予了人类情感交流的权力。虽然传统礼仪的核心仍在传承和吸收,但其形式已经发生了变化。
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引用次数: 0
Visual displays for communicating scientific uncertainty in influenza forecasts 展示流感预测的科学不确定性
IF 2.4 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.3389/fcomm.2023.1232156
Yanran Yang, G. Wong‐Parodi, Baruch Fischhoff
We offer a general method for testing the usability of visual displays communicating scientific uncertainty, illustrated with publicly available results from CDC's influenza forecasts. The heavy toll of seasonal influenza has prompted major investments in improving these forecasts, making them a focus of machine learning research. However, little research has been devoted to how well users can understand and use these forecasts to inform decisions under uncertainty. Our approach extends psychological theory to experimental tasks posing hypothetical, but realistic decisions using alternative displays based on actual forecasts. Based on Tversky's theory of conceptual-spatial congruence, we predicted actual and perceived usability of four displays (bar chart, tree map, PDF, and 90% confidence interval). Participants (N = 301, recruited on Amazon MTurk) were randomly assigned to use one of four displays for four decision tasks, created to reflect our extension of the theory. We evaluated participants' comprehension, confidence, and judgments of perceived helpfulness, when the display and the decision were congruent or non-congruent. Participants had better comprehension with the most familiar display (bar chart), for all four decisions. However, they did not perceive that display as more helpful or have greater confidence in their responses to it. Participants who reported greater familiarity with a display performed more poorly, despite expressing greater confidence and rating it as more helpful. We discuss the need to evaluate performance, as well as ratings, and the opportunities to extend theoretical frameworks to specific contexts.
我们提供了一种通用的方法来测试视觉显示的可用性,传达科学的不确定性,并以疾病预防控制中心流感预测的公开结果为例。季节性流感造成的严重伤亡促使人们在改善这些预测方面投入了大量资金,使其成为机器学习研究的重点。然而,很少有研究致力于用户如何很好地理解和使用这些预测在不确定的情况下为决策提供信息。我们的方法将心理学理论扩展到实验任务,提出假设,但现实的决定,使用基于实际预测的替代显示。基于Tversky的概念空间一致性理论,我们预测了四种显示(柱状图、树状图、PDF和90%置信区间)的实际和感知可用性。参与者(N = 301,在Amazon MTurk上招募)被随机分配使用四种显示器中的一种来完成四项决策任务,这是为了反映我们对理论的扩展而创建的。我们评估了参与者的理解,信心和判断感知帮助,当显示和决定是一致或不一致。对于所有四种决策,参与者对最熟悉的显示(条形图)有更好的理解。然而,他们并不认为这种表现更有帮助,或者对自己的反应更有信心。那些对显示器更熟悉的参与者表现得更差,尽管他们表达了更大的信心,并认为显示器更有帮助。我们讨论了评估绩效的必要性,以及评级,以及将理论框架扩展到具体背景的机会。
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引用次数: 0
Digital glocalization: theorizing the twenty-first-century ICT revolution 数字全球化:21世纪ICT革命的理论化
IF 2.4 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-08-28 DOI: 10.3389/fcomm.2023.1244614
Victor Roudometof
This paper offers an overview and theorization of digital glocalization that transcends past interpretations concerning the effects of ICT on techno-social relationships. It outlines a general theoretical framework that uses glocalization as a bridge between global and local. Digital glocalization might lead to the reconstruction of “place” using digital means or, alternatively, to newly found “third” spaces of glocal hybridity. This framework conforms to empirical evidence on how ICT reshapes the social world of the twenty-first century. Concrete manifestations of digital glocalization are reviewed in order to provide readers with suitable examples of its application in work and leisure environments. These range from internet governance to the entertainment industry. The growth and spread of ICT across the globe has the potential to lead to the construction or reconstruction of local places, whereby “placeness” can be created (or recreated); it can also create glocal hybrids that creatively combine online/offline experiences, such as diverse forms of geomedia and augmented reality technologies.
本文提供了数字全球定位的概述和理论,超越了过去关于ICT对技术-社会关系影响的解释。它概述了一个通用的理论框架,使用全球本地化作为全球和地方之间的桥梁。数字全球定位可能导致使用数字手段重建“地方”,或者,也可能导致新发现的全球地方混合的“第三”空间。这一框架符合关于信息通信技术如何重塑21世纪社会世界的经验证据。本文回顾了数字全球定位的具体表现,以便为读者提供其在工作和休闲环境中应用的合适示例。这些问题从互联网治理到娱乐业都有。信息通信技术在全球的发展和传播有可能导致地方的建设或重建,从而创造(或再创造)“地方”;它还可以创造性地将在线/离线体验结合起来,例如各种形式的几何图形和增强现实技术,从而创造出全球本地的混合体。
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引用次数: 0
Knowledge, perceptions, and behavioral responses to earthquake early warning in Aotearoa New Zealand 新西兰奥特罗阿地震预警的知识、认知和行为反应
IF 2.4 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-08-28 DOI: 10.3389/fcomm.2023.1229247
Lauren J. Vinnell, M. L. Tan, R. Prasanna, J. Becker
Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ) experiences frequent earthquakes, with a history of damaging and fatal events, but currently does not have a national, official earthquake early warning (EEW) system. Since April of 2021, Google's Android Earthquake Alert System has operated independently in NZ. While recent work has identified general public support for such a system, it is important to assess public knowledge of EEW as well as typical responses to receiving an alert. The protective actions “Drop, cover, and hold” are recommended and taught in NZ and previous research found strong intentions to undertake these and other protective actions in response to an alert.However, it is important to explore a range of responses to these novel EEWs, including how much people know about them, what actions they took in response to the warning, and their overall judgment of the system including its usefulness. We undertook surveys following two widely received alerts from the Android Earthquake Alert System to assess public knowledge, perceptions, and responses to these alerts with a total sample size of 3,150.While most participants who received the alert found it useful, knowledge of both EEW generally and the Android System specifically was low and few participants used the time to protect themselves from shaking.These findings reiterate the importance of education and communication around a warning system, so that the public know how to act when they receive an alert.
新西兰奥泰罗阿地震频繁,有破坏性和致命事件的历史,但目前没有国家官方地震预警系统。自2021年4月以来,谷歌的Android地震警报系统在新西兰独立运行。虽然最近的工作已经确定了公众对该系统的普遍支持,但评估公众对EEW的了解以及收到警报的典型反应很重要。新西兰建议并教授“放下、覆盖和保持”的保护措施,之前的研究发现,在应对警报时,有强烈的意愿采取这些和其他保护措施。然而,重要的是要探索对这些新型EEW的一系列反应,包括人们对它们的了解程度,他们对警告采取了什么行动,以及他们对系统的总体判断,包括其有用性。我们对安卓地震警报系统发出的两个广受欢迎的警报进行了调查,以评估公众对这些警报的了解、看法和反应,总样本量为3150。虽然大多数收到警报的参与者认为它很有用,一般来说,对EEW和安卓系统的了解都很低,很少有参与者利用这段时间来保护自己免受震动。这些发现重申了围绕警报系统进行教育和沟通的重要性,这样公众就知道在收到警报时如何行动。
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引用次数: 1
The complexity of situated text design: a negotiation between standardization and spoken language in a manufacturing company 情境文本设计的复杂性:一家制造企业的标准化与口语化谈判
IF 2.4 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-08-24 DOI: 10.3389/fcomm.2023.1062733
Anna-Lena Carlsson, Natalia Svensson Harari
In information design textbooks, text design is mostly understood as typography and layout. The meaning-making process of language, involving social interaction that affects language, is rarely acknowledged. Instead, texts are supposed to be “clearly” written. In this research article, we argue that the understanding of text design could benefit from also addressing text production and use situated amid social activity. This article presents a study on a text design process partly based on spoken language and owned by assembly operators in a workplace. Capturing the spoken dialogue and transforming it into instructive texts resembling transcripts are essential steps in securing the best practices for the smallest tasks in manual assembly, the minima of working, which is crucial for manufacturing. Our aim within the information design field is 2-fold: To underline the meaning-making process in language as a social phenomenon and to show that the situated design perspective, i.e., an outlook that highlights the uniqueness of the setting, can be important for the production and use of certain texts, such as instructions, and for affecting language. We asked ourselves: What are the consequences for the information design field when meaning-making in a language is understood as being socially situated in an activity? We have studied a design process and used observations, interviews, and text analysis to gather data. The result showed that the workers' ownership of text documents is crucial for the texts' use, yet the texts used do not meet the standard of information design textbooks. Moreover, the design of the text involves a continuous and non-linear collective negotiation that balances standardization in language and work procedures with the incorporation of operators' linguistic improvements. We unfold a case of text design where there is a closeness of designer and user roles, a non-linearity of the process, and an understanding of an information design product as becoming rather than having been finalized for use.
在信息设计教科书中,文本设计通常被理解为排版和布局。语言的意义形成过程,包括影响语言的社会互动,很少得到承认。相反,文本应该写得“清楚”。在这篇研究文章中,我们认为对文本设计的理解也可以从解决社会活动中的文本生产和使用中受益。本文介绍了一个部分基于口语的文本设计过程的研究,该过程由工作场所的装配操作员拥有。捕获口头对话并将其转换为类似成绩单的有指导意义的文本是确保手工组装中最小任务的最佳实践的必要步骤,这是最小的工作,这对制造业至关重要。我们在信息设计领域的目标是双重的:强调作为一种社会现象的语言的意义形成过程,并表明所处的设计视角,即强调环境独特性的观点,对于某些文本(如说明)的生产和使用以及对语言的影响是重要的。我们问自己:当一种语言的意义形成被理解为一种社会活动时,对信息设计领域的影响是什么?我们研究了一个设计过程,并使用观察、访谈和文本分析来收集数据。结果表明,工作者对文本文件的所有权对文本的使用至关重要,但使用的文本不符合信息设计教科书的标准。此外,文本的设计涉及一个连续和非线性的集体谈判,以平衡语言和工作程序的标准化与运营商的语言改进的结合。我们展示了一个文本设计的案例,其中存在设计师和用户角色的密切关系,过程的非线性,以及对信息设计产品的理解,因为它正在成为而不是已经最终确定用于使用。
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引用次数: 0
VR content and its prosocial impact: predictors, moderators, and mediators of media effects. A systematic literature review VR内容及其亲社会影响:媒介效应的预测因子、调节因子和中介因子。系统的文献综述
IF 2.4 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-08-24 DOI: 10.3389/fcomm.2023.1203242
Francisco-Julián Martínez-Cano, R. Lachman, Fernando Canet
The main purpose of this paper is to explore the prosocial impact of virtual reality (VR) audiovisual content based on a systematic literature review of empirical research on immersive VR media's potential to elicit prosocial behaviors. The illusion of place, verisimilitude, and virtual corporeality are the main elements that underpin the creation of immersive experiences that can turn the user into an active subject of the narrative, engaging with the audiovisual content and feeling the emotions it elicits. A virtual reality system that can offer these three elements provides the means to transform not only the user's sensation of space and reality, but even the users themselves. The question this paper seeks to answer is whether audiovisual VR content can influence an individual's thoughts and feelings about otherness, thereby eliciting prosocial behaviors rooted in a sense of social justice, equality and fairness. To this end, it presents a systematic literature review in accordance with the guidelines of the PRISMA statement, applying a self-deductive coding system based on the Differential Susceptibility to Media Effects Model. The review identifies trends in research on the prosocial potential of VR content, among which perspective taking stands out as one of the most common strategies. In addition, predictors, moderators, mediators, effects, and their correlations are identified in the research reviewed.
本文的主要目的是基于对沉浸式虚拟现实媒体引发亲社会行为潜力的实证研究的系统文献综述,探讨虚拟现实视听内容的亲社会影响。地方的幻觉、逼真性和虚拟实体是创造沉浸式体验的主要元素,沉浸式体验可以将用户变成叙事的活跃主体,参与视听内容并感受其引发的情绪。一个能够提供这三个元素的虚拟现实系统不仅提供了改变用户对空间和现实的感觉的手段,而且提供了甚至改变用户自己的手段。本文试图回答的问题是,视听VR内容是否会影响个人对他人的想法和感受,从而引发植根于社会正义、平等和公平感的亲社会行为。为此,它根据PRISMA声明的指导方针,应用基于媒体效应差异易感性模型的自演绎编码系统,对文献进行了系统综述。该综述确定了VR内容亲社会潜力的研究趋势,其中视角转换是最常见的策略之一。此外,预测因子、调节因子、介质、效应及其相关性也在综述的研究中得到了确定。
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引用次数: 0
The influence of cultural orientation on the entrepreneurial motivation of Chinese female returnee entrepreneurs—From the perspective of cultural integration 文化取向对中国海归女企业家创业动机的影响——基于文化整合的视角
IF 2.4 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-08-22 DOI: 10.3389/fcomm.2023.1190190
Yaqiong Zhang
With the rapid development of China's economy, entrepreneurship plays an important role in advancing social and economic development. Along with the wave of global entrepreneurship, female entrepreneurs and entrepreneurial activities in China have thrived. Further more, cultural orientation can shape entrepreneurs' entrepreneurial motivation, thereby creating different types of enterprises. Based on the self-construction theory, this paper is devoted to the analysis of the influence of cultural orientation, cultural integration on female returnee entrepreneurs' entrepreneurial motivation. A total of 488 Chinese female returnee entrepreneurs participated in the survey. The structural equation modeling (SEM) and multi-group analysis were used to evaluate the relationship between the model structures. It provides a new perspective on the relationship between female returnee entrepreneurs' cultural orientation, entrepreneurial motivation, and the role of cultural integration. The results show that due to the influence of globalization and diversified cultural background, the cultural orientation of Chinese female returnee entrepreneurs tends to be more feminine rather than traditional masculine, and they pay more attention to meeting the entrepreneurial motivation of opportunity, such as interests, self-value expression and market opportunities, rather than simple survival. Cultural orientation has a significant influence on the entrepreneurial motivation of Chinese female entrepreneurs, and cultural integration plays a moderating role in this influence. The last part of the paper summarizes the theoretical and practical significance.
随着中国经济的快速发展,企业家精神在推动社会经济发展中发挥着重要作用。伴随着全球创业浪潮,中国女性企业家和创业活动蓬勃发展。此外,文化导向可以塑造企业家的创业动机,从而创造不同类型的企业。本文以自我建构理论为基础,分析了文化取向、文化融合对海归女企业家创业动机的影响。共有488名中国海归女企业家参加了调查。采用结构方程建模(SEM)和多组分析方法来评估模型结构之间的关系。它为海归女企业家的文化取向、创业动机和文化融合作用之间的关系提供了一个新的视角。研究结果表明,受全球化和多元文化背景的影响,中国海归女企业家的文化取向倾向于女性化而非传统男性化,她们更注重满足机会的创业动机,如兴趣、自我价值表达和市场机会,而不是简单的生存。文化取向对中国女企业家的创业动机有显著影响,文化融合在这种影响中起着调节作用。论文的最后一部分总结了论文的理论意义和现实意义。
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引用次数: 0
What does the public know about technological solutions for achieving carbon neutrality? Citizens' knowledge of energy transition and the role of media 公众对实现碳中和的技术解决方案了解多少?公民对能源转型的认识和媒体的作用
IF 2.4 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-08-21 DOI: 10.3389/fcomm.2023.1005603
D. Arlt, Christina Schumann, Jens Wolling
The present study explores the relation between media use and knowledge in the context of the energy transition. To identify relevant knowledge categories, we relied on the expertise of an interdisciplinary research team. Based on this expertise, we identified awareness-knowledge of changes in the energy system and principles-knowledge of hydrogen as important knowledge categories. With data obtained from a nationwide online survey of the German-speaking population (n = 2,025) conducted in August 2021, we examined the level of knowledge concerning both categories in the German population. Furthermore, we studied its associations with exposure to journalistic media and direct communication from non-media actors (e.g., scientists). Our results revealed a considerable lack of knowledge for both categories. Considering the media variables, we found only weak, and in some cases even negative, relations with the use of journalistic media or other actors that spread information online. However, we found comparably strong associations between both knowledge categories and the control variables of sex, education, and personal interest. We use these results to open up a general discussion of the role of the media in knowledge acquisition processes.
本研究探讨了能源转型背景下媒体使用与知识之间的关系。为了确定相关的知识类别,我们依靠跨学科研究团队的专业知识。基于这一专业知识,我们将能源系统变化的意识知识和氢气原理知识确定为重要的知识类别。根据2021年8月对德语人口(n=2025)进行的一项全国性在线调查获得的数据,我们调查了德语人口中这两类人的知识水平。此外,我们研究了它与接触新闻媒体和非媒体行为者(如科学家)的直接沟通之间的关系。我们的研究结果表明,这两类人都相当缺乏知识。考虑到媒体变量,我们发现与使用新闻媒体或其他在线传播信息的行为者之间的关系很弱,在某些情况下甚至是负面的。然而,我们发现这两个知识类别与性别、教育和个人兴趣的控制变量之间存在相当强的关联。我们利用这些结果对媒体在知识获取过程中的作用展开了一般性的讨论。
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引用次数: 0
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Frontiers in Communication
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