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Chatbots for embarrassing and stigmatizing conditions: could chatbots encourage users to seek medical advice? 聊天机器人会让人感到尴尬和耻辱:聊天机器人会鼓励用户寻求医疗建议吗?
Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-09-27 DOI: 10.3389/fcomm.2023.1275127
Dawn Branley-Bell, Richard Brown, Lynne Coventry, Elizabeth Sillence
Background Chatbots are increasingly being used across a wide range of contexts. Medical chatbots have the potential to improve healthcare capacity and provide timely patient access to health information. Chatbots may also be useful for encouraging individuals to seek an initial consultation for embarrassing or stigmatizing conditions. Method This experimental study used a series of vignettes to test the impact of different scenarios (experiencing embarrassing vs. stigmatizing conditions, and sexual vs. non-sexual symptoms) on consultation preferences (chatbot vs. doctor), attitudes toward consultation methods, and expected speed of seeking medical advice. Results The findings show that the majority of participants preferred doctors over chatbots for consultations across all conditions and symptom types. However, more participants preferred chatbots when addressing embarrassing sexual symptoms, compared with other symptom categories. Consulting with a doctor was believed to be more accurate, reassuring, trustworthy, useful and confidential than consulting with a medical chatbot, but also more embarrassing and stressful. Consulting with a medical chatbot was believed to be easier and more convenient, but also more frustrating. Interestingly, people with an overall preference for chatbots believed this method would encourage them to seek medical advice earlier than those who would prefer to consult with a doctor. Conclusions The findings highlight the potential role of chatbots in addressing embarrassing sexual symptoms. Incorporating chatbots into healthcare systems could provide a faster, more accessible and convenient route to health information and early diagnosis, as individuals may use them to seek earlier consultations.
聊天机器人正越来越多地应用于各种各样的环境中。医疗聊天机器人有潜力提高医疗保健能力,并为患者提供及时的健康信息。聊天机器人也可能有助于鼓励个人在遇到尴尬或耻辱的情况时寻求初步咨询。方法本实验研究使用一系列小插曲来测试不同场景(经历尴尬与耻辱的条件,性与非性症状)对咨询偏好(聊天机器人与医生),对咨询方法的态度以及寻求医疗建议的预期速度的影响。研究结果表明,大多数参与者在所有疾病和症状类型的咨询中都更喜欢医生而不是聊天机器人。然而,与其他症状类别相比,更多的参与者在解决令人尴尬的性症状时更喜欢聊天机器人。咨询医生被认为比咨询医疗聊天机器人更准确、更可靠、更可靠、更有用、更保密,但也更尴尬、更有压力。与医疗聊天机器人进行咨询被认为更容易、更方便,但也更令人沮丧。有趣的是,总体上更喜欢聊天机器人的人认为,这种方法会鼓励他们比那些更喜欢咨询医生的人更早地寻求医疗建议。研究结果强调了聊天机器人在解决令人尴尬的性症状方面的潜在作用。将聊天机器人纳入医疗保健系统可以提供更快、更容易访问和方便的途径来获取健康信息和早期诊断,因为个人可能会使用它们来寻求早期咨询。
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引用次数: 0
Editorial: Evidence-based science communication in the COVID-19 era 社论:COVID-19 时代的循证科学传播
IF 2.4 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-09-27 DOI: 10.3389/fcomm.2023.1279202
Alexander Gerber
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引用次数: 0
Technical issues and engagement processes: support for citizen and expert deliberation regarding the management of nuclear waste 技术问题和参与过程:支持有关核废料管理的公民和专家审议
Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-09-27 DOI: 10.3389/fcomm.2023.1237736
Justin Reedy, Chris Anderson, Matthew C. Nowlin
Deliberative forums have been increasingly used to involve citizens in policymaking, but it is unclear whether people trust their fellow citizens to make decisions in highly technical areas like nuclear policy relative to more commonly used expert bodies. We examine public support for citizen and expert deliberation regarding the siting of nuclear waste facilities and note the role of values, views on deliberation, and civic experiences on support for each type of deliberation. We find that past civic experiences are associated with increased support for citizen decision-making. In addition, we find that underlying views on nuclear power may be more important in shaping support for a decision on nuclear waste facility siting than attitudes toward particular kinds of governance processes.
审议论坛越来越多地用于让公民参与政策制定,但目前尚不清楚,相对于更常用的专家机构,人们是否相信他们的同胞在核政策等高度技术性领域做出决定。我们调查了公众对核废料设施选址的公民和专家审议的支持,并注意到价值观的作用,审议的观点,以及支持每种审议的公民经验。我们发现过去的公民经历与对公民决策的支持增加有关。此外,我们发现,在形成对核废料设施选址决策的支持方面,对核电的潜在看法可能比对特定治理过程的态度更重要。
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引用次数: 0
Uber structure's managerial algorithmic communication and drivers' health issues: sensemaking of work strategic resistance 优步结构的管理算法沟通和司机的健康问题:工作的意义和战略阻力
Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-09-26 DOI: 10.3389/fcomm.2023.1213679
Salma El Bourkadi
This article focuses on the role that algorithms play as a communicative infrastructure that contributes to poorer occupational health in the gig economy by interviewing 50 Uber drivers based on the life-story methodological approach. Specifically, the paper draws attention to Uber structure's managerial algorithmic communication and its effects on drivers' occupational health by engaging with Giddens's theoretical framework of structure-agency and Weick's theory of sensemaking. Furthermore, the study also explores the different factors contributing to the construction of individual and collective resistance of drivers to Uber's monopoly. The findings reveal that Uber's structure imprisons the users' freedom of negotiation and action, which creates a stressful work environment as managerial algorithmic communication only functions effectively in ideal working conditions, while abnormality is very frequent in a profession like transportation. Driver agency consists of organizing individual and collective resistance to change Uber's work decisions and weaken them. On an outside platform, resistance strategies are deployed by drivers to pressure Uber, with the goal of protecting their occupational health.
本文通过基于生活故事方法采访50名优步司机,重点关注算法作为一种沟通基础设施在零工经济中发挥的作用,这种基础设施会导致职业健康状况恶化。具体而言,本文通过运用吉登斯的结构-代理理论框架和威克的意义制造理论,关注Uber结构的管理算法沟通及其对司机职业健康的影响。此外,本研究还探讨了司机对Uber垄断的个人抵抗和集体抵抗形成的不同因素。研究结果表明,Uber的结构限制了用户的谈判和行动自由,这造成了一个紧张的工作环境,因为管理算法沟通只有在理想的工作条件下才能有效地发挥作用,而在交通运输这样的职业中,异常是非常频繁的。司机代理包括组织个人和集体抵抗,以改变优步的工作决策并削弱它们。在一个外部平台上,司机们利用抵抗策略向优步施压,目的是保护他们的职业健康。
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引用次数: 0
Being an expert in pandemic times: negotiating epistemic authority in a media interaction 成为流行病时期的专家:在媒体互动中协商知识权威
Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-09-22 DOI: 10.3389/fcomm.2023.1214927
Mariapia D'Angelo, Franca Orletti
Since the so-called phase one of the Coronavirus pandemic, media professionals have shown great attention to communication about the epidemic, so much so that a “glottology of COVID-19” has even been advocated to reflect on war metaphors referring to the disease. Despite media solicitations, however, reflection on communication at the time of COVID was not immediately the subject of linguistic analysis, at least in the Italian context. However, the issue of the relationship between language and culture, society, and thought has recently been explored in the face of the limitation of only formal analyses on language at the time of COVID. In the first stage, it quickly became apparent that the people in charge of institutional communication were used to talking mostly with experts on public health problems or research results, without the necessary training to modulate their language according to the degree of specialization of the audience. Instead, it is currently possible to detect an improvement in communication skills, and to observe the emergence of opposing factions with respect to the new resources of both preventive and therapeutic medicine, respectively the pro-vax and no-vax movements. These issues have been the focus of many Italian TV talk shows, such as the program “Non è l'Arena.” In the episode of 9/25/21, which is the subject of this article, the positions expressed in favor of one argument or the other would seem to adopt different mechanisms for managing the epistemic mode of certainty/uncertainty, such as semantic-syntactic and rhetorical-pragmatic devices, as well as conversational moves. This paper is aimed at describing the management of certainty/uncertainty in a media context through the qualitative fine-grained analysis of the interactional exchanges between host and representatives of opposite views in the dual theoretical framework of classical rhetoric and conversational analysis (CA), which, although starting from different scientific paths, share the vision of the centrality of speech in human action. The CA analysis indicated that, whilst the interviewer maintained a neutral stance in conducting the interview, he showed a position of affiliation toward the doctor who recommended therapies not in line with the Italian medical guidelines. This was evident through the space provided to him to explain his expertise, as well as through the repetition and emphasis of the evaluative elements expressed. The rhetorical analysis, focusing on the participants' ethos , reveals that the interviewer deliberately intervened in the construction of the epistemic authority of the representatives of the two positions. The rhetorical analysis, focusing on the ethos of the three participants in the interaction, shed light on selected strategies and argumentative chains used to gain credibility and to prevail in the discussion. The linguistic-rhetorical mechanisms used do not pertain to the field of dialectical discussion and aim at a dir
自冠状病毒大流行进入所谓的第一阶段以来,媒体专业人士对疫情的传播表现出了极大的关注,甚至有人提倡用“COVID-19语音学”来反思与该疾病有关的战争隐喻。然而,尽管有媒体的呼吁,但对COVID时期传播的反思并没有立即成为语言学分析的主题,至少在意大利的背景下是这样。然而,面对COVID时仅对语言进行形式分析的局限性,最近对语言与文化,社会和思想之间关系的问题进行了探讨。在第一阶段,很快就发现,负责机构传播的人员习惯于主要与公共卫生问题或研究成果方面的专家交谈,没有接受过根据听众的专业化程度调整语言的必要培训。相反,目前有可能发现沟通技巧的改进,并观察到在预防和治疗药物的新资源方面出现对立派别,分别是赞成接种疫苗和不接种疫苗的运动。这些问题一直是许多意大利电视脱口秀节目的焦点,比如“非è竞技场”节目。在21年9月25日这一集,也就是本文的主题中,支持一种观点或另一种观点的立场似乎采用了不同的机制来管理确定性/不确定性的认知模式,例如语义-句法和修辞-语用手段,以及会话动作。本文旨在通过在经典修辞学和会话分析(CA)的双重理论框架下,对主持人和对立观点代表之间的互动交流进行定性的细颗粒分析,描述媒体语境中确定性/不确定性的管理。这两种理论虽然从不同的科学路径出发,但都具有言语在人类行为中的中心地位的观点。CA分析表明,尽管采访者在进行访谈时保持中立立场,但他对推荐不符合意大利医疗指南的治疗方法的医生表现出了隶属关系。通过为他提供解释其专业知识的空间,以及通过重复和强调所表达的评价要素,这一点是显而易见的。通过对参与者精神气质的修辞分析,可以发现采访者有意介入了两种立场代表的认知权威的建构。修辞分析侧重于互动中三个参与者的气质,揭示了用于获得可信度和在讨论中占上风的选定策略和论证链。使用的语言修辞机制不属于辩证讨论的领域,目的是直接攻击对手的论点。尽管如此,冲突仍然保持平衡,没有任何知识权威压倒对方:修辞和对话分析都表明了两极分化的对话,其中双方被描绘成两种截然不同且不相容的观点的代表。
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引用次数: 0
Explaining the formation of eudaimonic gaming experiences: a theoretical overview and systemization based on interactivity and game elements 解释虚拟游戏体验的形成:基于交互性和游戏元素的理论概述和系统化
Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-09-22 DOI: 10.3389/fcomm.2023.1215960
Daniel Possler, Nicholas David Bowman, Rowan Daneels
Over the past years, scholars have explored eudaimonic video game experiences—profound entertainment responses that include meaningfulness, reflection, and others. In a comparatively short time, a plethora of explanations for the formation of such eudaimonic gaming experiences has been developed across multiple disciplines, making it difficult to keep track of the state of theory development. Hence, we present a theoretical overview of these explanations. We first provide a working definition of eudaimonic gaming experiences (i.e., experiences that reflect human virtues and encourage players to develop their potential as human beings fully) and outline four layers of video games—agency, narrative, sociality, and aesthetics—that form the basis for theorizing. Subsequently, we provide an overview of the theoretical approaches, categorizing them based on which of the four game layers their explanation mainly rests upon. Finally, we suggest the contingency of the different theoretical approaches for explaining eudaimonic experiences by describing how their usefulness varies as a function of interactivity. As different types of games offer players various levels of interactivity, our overview suggests which theories and which game layers should be considered when examining eudaimonic experiences for specific game types.
在过去的几年里,学者们探索了虚拟电子游戏体验——深刻的娱乐反应,包括意义、反思和其他。在相对较短的时间内,对于这种虚幻的游戏体验的形成的解释已经跨越多个学科,使得很难跟踪理论发展的状态。因此,我们提出了这些解释的理论概述。我们首先给出了游戏体验的工作定义(游戏邦注:即反映人类美德并鼓励玩家充分开发其潜能的体验),并概述了电子游戏的四个层面——代理、叙事、社交和美学,这些构成了理论的基础。随后,我们将概述这些理论方法,并根据它们的解释主要基于四个游戏层面中的哪一个进行分类。最后,我们通过描述它们的有用性如何随着交互性的变化而变化,提出了解释幸福体验的不同理论方法的偶然性。由于不同类型的游戏为玩家提供了不同层次的交互性,我们的概述表明,在研究特定游戏类型的游戏性体验时,应该考虑哪些理论和游戏层次。
{"title":"Explaining the formation of eudaimonic gaming experiences: a theoretical overview and systemization based on interactivity and game elements","authors":"Daniel Possler, Nicholas David Bowman, Rowan Daneels","doi":"10.3389/fcomm.2023.1215960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2023.1215960","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past years, scholars have explored eudaimonic video game experiences—profound entertainment responses that include meaningfulness, reflection, and others. In a comparatively short time, a plethora of explanations for the formation of such eudaimonic gaming experiences has been developed across multiple disciplines, making it difficult to keep track of the state of theory development. Hence, we present a theoretical overview of these explanations. We first provide a working definition of eudaimonic gaming experiences (i.e., experiences that reflect human virtues and encourage players to develop their potential as human beings fully) and outline four layers of video games—agency, narrative, sociality, and aesthetics—that form the basis for theorizing. Subsequently, we provide an overview of the theoretical approaches, categorizing them based on which of the four game layers their explanation mainly rests upon. Finally, we suggest the contingency of the different theoretical approaches for explaining eudaimonic experiences by describing how their usefulness varies as a function of interactivity. As different types of games offer players various levels of interactivity, our overview suggests which theories and which game layers should be considered when examining eudaimonic experiences for specific game types.","PeriodicalId":31739,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Communication","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136060353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Insights into the time course of evidentiality processing in Turkish heritage speakers using a self-paced reading task 洞察证据处理的时间进程在土耳其传统说话人使用自定节奏阅读任务
Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-09-22 DOI: 10.3389/fcomm.2023.1070510
Suzan D. Tokaç-Scheffer, Seçkin Arslan, Lyndsey Nickels
Introduction Studies with heritage language speakers (HLS) have often used offline measurements, investigating the post-interpretive effects which emerge after processing has been completed. Relatively few studies have investigated heritage language processing using time-sensitive methods that allow the collection of evidence regarding real-time language processing rather than post-interpretive judgments. Using a self-paced-reading paradigm, we aimed to expand our understanding of HLS language processing by investigating evidentiality-the linguistic marking of information source, which is grammatically expressed in Turkish, but not in English. Method Participants were 54 bilingual speakers of Turkish and English: 24 HLS (English onset: 0-5 yrs) and 30 emigrant Turkish speakers (ES) who grew up in Turkey before emigrating to Australia (English onset = 6-17 yrs). Participants read sentences with evidential-marked verb forms that either matched or mismatched to the information source context. Word-by-word reading times and end-of-sentence acceptability judgment speed and accuracy were measured. Results The results showed that although the HLS' responses were slower and less accurate than the ES in both reading times and end-of-sentence acceptability judgments, they showed similarities in online processing patterns. Both groups were faster at reading the mismatching sentences compared to the matching sentences; however, this pattern emerged during the time course of reading first for the indirect condition for the ES, and only later for the direct condition and for the HLS for both evidential conditions. Only HLS read faster in the target region with the direct evidential that is shown to be acquired earlier in childhood, than they did for the indirect evidential which is mastered later. In contrast, the end-of-sentence judgment data showed that while the ES group responded faster to matching direct sentences than matching indirect, this effect was missing for the HLS. Nevertheless, there were similar patterns for accuracy across evidential conditions: both groups were more accurate with the direct evidential. Discussion Overall, the use of the self-paced-reading paradigm allowed insights into HLS' evidentiality processing above and beyond their generally slower and less accurate processing compared to the reference group. This study provides further evidence for differences in the patterns observed using online vs. post interpretive measures in HLS, reinforcing the importance of combining these methodologies for further understanding of HLS competence and performance.
对传统语言使用者(HLS)的研究经常使用离线测量,调查加工完成后出现的后解释效应。相对而言,很少有研究使用时间敏感的方法来调查传统语言处理,这种方法允许收集有关实时语言处理的证据,而不是后解释判断。使用自定阅读范式,我们旨在通过调查证据性来扩展我们对HLS语言处理的理解,证据性是信息源的语言标记,在语法上用土耳其语表达,而不是用英语表达。方法研究对象为54名土耳其语和英语双语者:24名HLS(英语起病年龄:0-5岁)和30名移民土耳其语(ES),他们在土耳其长大,移民到澳大利亚(英语起病年龄:6-17岁)。参与者阅读带有证据标记的动词形式的句子,这些句子要么与信息源上下文匹配,要么不匹配。测量逐字阅读时间、句末可接受性判断速度和准确性。结果在阅读时间和句末可接受性判断上,高语速组的反应速度比低语速组慢,但在在线加工模式上具有相似性。两组阅读不匹配句子的速度都比阅读匹配句子的速度快;然而,在间接条件下,这种模式在阅读的时间过程中首先出现,而在直接条件下和在两种证据条件下,这种模式都是在阅读的时间过程中出现的。只有HLS在使用直接证据的目标区域的阅读速度更快,而直接证据显示是在童年早期获得的,而间接证据则是在后来掌握的。相反,句末判断数据显示,虽然ES组对匹配直接句的反应比匹配间接句的反应快,但HLS组没有这种效应。然而,在不同的证据条件下,准确性的模式是相似的:两组在直接证据下都更准确。总体而言,与参考组相比,使用自定阅读速度范式可以深入了解HLS的证据性处理,而不仅仅是他们通常较慢且较不准确的处理。本研究进一步证明了在线和后解释测量在HLS中观察到的模式差异,强调了将这些方法结合起来进一步了解HLS能力和绩效的重要性。
{"title":"Insights into the time course of evidentiality processing in Turkish heritage speakers using a self-paced reading task","authors":"Suzan D. Tokaç-Scheffer, Seçkin Arslan, Lyndsey Nickels","doi":"10.3389/fcomm.2023.1070510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2023.1070510","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Studies with heritage language speakers (HLS) have often used offline measurements, investigating the post-interpretive effects which emerge after processing has been completed. Relatively few studies have investigated heritage language processing using time-sensitive methods that allow the collection of evidence regarding real-time language processing rather than post-interpretive judgments. Using a self-paced-reading paradigm, we aimed to expand our understanding of HLS language processing by investigating evidentiality-the linguistic marking of information source, which is grammatically expressed in Turkish, but not in English. Method Participants were 54 bilingual speakers of Turkish and English: 24 HLS (English onset: 0-5 yrs) and 30 emigrant Turkish speakers (ES) who grew up in Turkey before emigrating to Australia (English onset = 6-17 yrs). Participants read sentences with evidential-marked verb forms that either matched or mismatched to the information source context. Word-by-word reading times and end-of-sentence acceptability judgment speed and accuracy were measured. Results The results showed that although the HLS' responses were slower and less accurate than the ES in both reading times and end-of-sentence acceptability judgments, they showed similarities in online processing patterns. Both groups were faster at reading the mismatching sentences compared to the matching sentences; however, this pattern emerged during the time course of reading first for the indirect condition for the ES, and only later for the direct condition and for the HLS for both evidential conditions. Only HLS read faster in the target region with the direct evidential that is shown to be acquired earlier in childhood, than they did for the indirect evidential which is mastered later. In contrast, the end-of-sentence judgment data showed that while the ES group responded faster to matching direct sentences than matching indirect, this effect was missing for the HLS. Nevertheless, there were similar patterns for accuracy across evidential conditions: both groups were more accurate with the direct evidential. Discussion Overall, the use of the self-paced-reading paradigm allowed insights into HLS' evidentiality processing above and beyond their generally slower and less accurate processing compared to the reference group. This study provides further evidence for differences in the patterns observed using online vs. post interpretive measures in HLS, reinforcing the importance of combining these methodologies for further understanding of HLS competence and performance.","PeriodicalId":31739,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Communication","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136058985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Understanding acceptability of digital health technologies among francophone-speaking communities across the world: a meta-ethnographic study 了解数字卫生技术在世界各地法语社区中的可接受性:一项元人种学研究
Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.3389/fcomm.2023.1230015
Amélie Gauthier-Beaupré, Sylvie Grosjean
Introduction Increasingly, people are turning toward digital health technologies to support their care management, communication with health professionals, and performing activities of daily living. Digital health technologies may be well implemented in clinical practices in several jurisdictions, but the influence of sociocultural factors may sometimes be neglected. To increase use and sustainability of these innovative solutions in health care, we need to understand acceptability among diverse groups of the population such as linguistically diverse populations. Francophone-speaking populations in Canada, for example, are known to endure challenges with income, health and difficulties associated with living in rural areas which impede on their likelihood to use digital health technologies. As part of the University of Ottawa International Francophonie Research Chair on Digital Health Technologies, this study aimed to understand the conditions that make digital health technologies acceptable among francophone-speaking communities. Methods Using a meta-ethnography methodology, this study synthesizes international qualitative research on social acceptability of digital health technology among francophone-speaking communities. We focused on four types of digital health technologies: telemedicine, mobile technologies, wearable technologies, and robotic technologies. Using Noblit and Hare's 7 phase approach to conducting a meta-ethnography, we were able to get a comprehensive synthesis and understanding of the research landscape on the issue. Studies published between 2010 and 2020 were included and synthesized using NVivo, excel and a mind mapping technique. Results Our coding revealed that factors of social acceptability for digital health technologies could be grouped into the following categories: care organization, self-care support, communication with care team, relational and technical risks, organizational factors, social and ethical values. Our paper discusses the themes evoked in each category and their relevance for the included digital health technologies. Discussion In discussing the results, we present commonalities and differences in the social acceptability factors of the different digital health technologies. In addition, we demonstrate the importance of considering sociocultural diversity in the study of social acceptability for digital health technologies. Implications The results of this study have implications for practitioners who are the instigators of digital health technology implementation with healthcare service users. By understanding factors of social acceptability among francophone-speaking communities, practitioners will be better suited to propose and support the implementation of technologies in ways that are suitable for these individuals. For policymakers, this knowledge could be used for developing policy actions based on consideration for diversity.
人们越来越多地转向数字卫生技术,以支持他们的护理管理、与卫生专业人员的沟通以及日常生活活动。数字卫生技术可能在一些司法管辖区的临床实践中得到很好的实施,但社会文化因素的影响有时可能被忽视。为了增加这些创新解决方案在卫生保健领域的使用和可持续性,我们需要了解不同人口群体(如语言不同的人口)的可接受性。例如,众所周知,加拿大讲法语的人口在收入、健康和与农村地区生活有关的困难方面面临挑战,阻碍了他们使用数字保健技术的可能性。作为渥太华大学国际法语国家数字卫生技术研究主席的一部分,这项研究旨在了解使数字卫生技术在法语社区中被接受的条件。方法采用元民族志方法,综合国际上对法语社区数字医疗技术社会可接受性的定性研究。我们专注于四种类型的数字健康技术:远程医疗、移动技术、可穿戴技术和机器人技术。使用Noblit和Hare的7阶段方法来进行元人种志,我们能够对这个问题的研究前景进行全面的综合和理解。2010年至2020年间发表的研究被纳入并使用NVivo、excel和思维导图技术进行合成。结果社会对数字医疗技术的可接受性因素可分为以下几类:护理组织、自我护理支持、与护理团队的沟通、关系和技术风险、组织因素、社会和伦理价值观。我们的论文讨论了每个类别中引起的主题及其与所包含的数字卫生技术的相关性。在讨论结果时,我们提出了不同数字健康技术的社会可接受因素的共性和差异。此外,我们证明了在研究数字健康技术的社会可接受性时考虑社会文化多样性的重要性。本研究的结果对在医疗保健服务使用者中实施数字医疗技术的从业者具有启示意义。通过了解法语社区的社会可接受性因素,从业者将更适合以适合这些个人的方式提出和支持技术的实施。对于决策者来说,这些知识可用于制定基于考虑多样性的政策行动。
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引用次数: 0
The front page as a canvas for multimodal argumentation: Brexit in the Greek press 作为多模式辩论画布的头版:希腊媒体中的英国退欧
Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.3389/fcomm.2023.1230632
Dimitris Serafis, Assimakis Tseronis
In this paper, we analyze the front pages of mainstream Greek newspapers with the highest circulation reporting the official result of the Brexit referendum in 2016. Our analysis seeks to extract the standpoints and arguments that circulated in the Greek mainstream press on that day by studying the headlines and visuals on the front page. We study the front page not merely as an informative genre but crucially as an argumentative one, where the arguments can be reconstructed with the help of tools from argumentation theory combined with principles from multimodal critical discourse analysis. The proposed approach makes it possible to compare how the different ideological orientations in the Greek public sphere were steered by the representation of this piece of news. We show that, despite their ideological background, the newspapers under study converge to the construction of Brexit as a menacing phenomenon that puts the EU integration to the test and, as such, as an event that should have been avoided.
在本文中,我们分析了发行量最高的希腊主流报纸的头版报道2016年英国脱欧公投的官方结果。我们的分析试图通过研究头版的标题和图片,提取当天希腊主流媒体上流传的观点和论点。我们不仅将头版作为一种信息类型来研究,更重要的是将其作为一种论证类型来研究,在这里,论证可以借助论证理论的工具,结合多模态批评话语分析的原则来重建。所提出的方法使得比较希腊公共领域中不同的意识形态取向是如何被这条新闻的表现所引导的成为可能。我们发现,尽管有各自的意识形态背景,但所研究的报纸都一致认为,英国脱欧是一种威胁现象,对欧盟一体化构成了考验,因此是一件本应避免的事件。
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引用次数: 0
Graduate teaching assistants' challenges, conflicts, and strategies for navigating COVID-19 研究生助教应对COVID-19的挑战、冲突和策略
Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-09-20 DOI: 10.3389/fcomm.2023.1266394
Doris Ehi Acheme, Valerie Biwa
COVID-19 imparted unprecedented changes to higher education. Overnight, institutions were required to transition to online instruction, which brought about numerous challenges for instructors. This study examines the experiences of an often-overlooked instructor; graduate student assistants (GTAs). Their challenges and conflicts encountered with online instruction during COVID-19 and conflict management strategies are investigated. Sixteen ( N = 18) GTAs from six universities in various regions of the United States were interviewed and constant comparative analysis was used to analyze data. Findings revealed that GTAs experienced challenges with (a) online instruction, (b) students, and (c) personal challenges. Also, GTAs encountered conflicts regarding (a) safety concerns and precautions and (b) online-related proficiency, support, and expectations. Lastly, GTAs (a) employed empathy and flexibility, and (b) created boundaries and consulted others as conflict management strategies. Findings are discussed and theoretical and practical implications are advanced.
新冠肺炎疫情给高等教育带来了前所未有的变化。一夜之间,学校被要求向网络教学过渡,这给教师带来了许多挑战。本研究考察了一位经常被忽视的教师的经历;研究生助理(GTAs)调查了他们在COVID-19期间在线教学遇到的挑战和冲突以及冲突管理策略。对来自美国不同地区的6所大学的16名gta (N = 18)进行访谈,采用持续比较分析法对数据进行分析。调查结果显示,gta面临的挑战包括(a)在线教学、(b)学生和(c)个人挑战。此外,gta还遇到了以下方面的冲突:(a)安全问题和预防措施,以及(b)与在线相关的熟练程度、支持和期望。最后,gta (a)运用同理心和灵活性,(b)建立边界并咨询他人作为冲突管理策略。讨论了研究结果,并提出了理论和实践意义。
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引用次数: 0
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