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Cognitive perspective of metaphors in Chinese Hua'er folksongs 从认知角度看中国花儿民歌中的隐喻
IF 2.4 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-01-04 DOI: 10.3389/fcomm.2023.1274622
Xiaojin Zhang
The cognitive frame and transferences from sources to targets of metaphor study have been evident in humanities. The present article aims to compare Chinese heritage Hua'er folksongs, Chinese new poetry, Chinese prose, Chinese news reportage, and Chinese news editorials. By adopting the indicator I1, the results show that the A = B metaphor is typically representative of Chinese Hua'er folksongs. At a more detailed level of comparison of the a-index, heritage folksong Hua'er bears the lowest level of metaphoricity for its repeated use of the metaphorical lexis both in the target domain and source domain. The genre-specific metaphorical expressions in Chinese poetic texts show that the higher a-index is, the more metaphoricity and more cognitive the effort will be. The nominalized metaphorical expressions in heritage Hua'er might limit the working memory constraints and the cognitive mastery of source-to-target structure for the singers to create metaphors.
从隐喻研究的源头到研究对象的认知框架和转移在人文学科中表现得十分明显。本文旨在比较中国传统花儿民歌、中国新诗、中国散文、中国新闻报道和中国新闻社论。通过采用指标 I1,结果显示 A = B 隐喻是中国花儿民歌的典型代表。在更详细的 a 指数比较层面上,遗产民歌《花儿》的隐喻性水平最低,因为它在目标域和源域中都重复使用了隐喻词。中国诗歌文本中的特定体裁隐喻表达表明,a-指数越高,隐喻性越强,认知努力越大。文化遗产《花儿》中的名词化隐喻表达可能限制了歌手创造隐喻的工作记忆限制和对源到目标结构的认知掌握。
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引用次数: 0
“My goal is to make sustainability mainstream”: emerging visual narratives on the environmental crisis on Instagram "我的目标是让可持续发展成为主流":Instagram 上关于环境危机的新兴视觉叙事
IF 2.4 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.3389/fcomm.2023.1265466
Gemma San Cornelio, Sandra Martorell, E. Ardévol
In the face of the current climate crisis, environmental communication can contribute to providing new frames of understanding and promoting social change and positive citizen action. Through social media, on platforms like Instagram, concerned citizens embrace environmental communication activism ultimately reshaping the narratives regarding the climate crisis. These individuals, who we identify as both activists and environmental influencers, are challenging the established media narratives with their posts and stories, thus offering alternative narratives. Accordingly, this paper aims to elaborate an incipient characterization of a communicative agenda that includes the emerging elements of these visual narratives in social media as potentially able to engage citizens to take action in their ordinary lives.Our research draws on a qualitative methodological approach, based on: (1) a digital ethnography carried out on 60 Instagram accounts devoted to the dissemination of environmental concerns and contents, (2) a visual narrative analysis of 281 selected posts of the previous accounts, and (3) 14 in-depth interviews conducted with digital activists.We have identified the main traits of these emerging visual narratives: the use of positive visuals and content; first-person accounts highlighting the small actions and achievements (propositive narratives) that can be carried out in our daily lives; and/or the use of memes, humor, and other elements of popular culture to make the environmental cause mainstream.The study underscores a notable divergence between established environmental narratives and those curated by eco-influencers on social media. These influencers strategically leverage emotionally resonant, positive visual narratives, departing from fear-inducing content. They emphasize individual actions and solutions rather than collective interventions, personalizing the climate crisis. Additionally, their narratives engage in a nuanced dialogue with nature and integrate popular culture, humor, and memes to effectively reach diverse audiences. This shift reflects a broader cultural change in communication strategies, signaling a novel approach to mobilize audiences toward environmental engagement.
面对当前的气候危机,环境交流有助于提供新的理解框架,促进社会变革和积极的公民行动。通过社交媒体,在 Instagram 等平台上,关注环境传播的公民们积极行动起来,最终重塑了有关气候危机的叙事。这些人既是活动家,也是环保影响者,他们用自己的帖子和故事挑战着既有的媒体叙事,从而提供了另一种叙事方式。因此,本文旨在阐述传播议程的雏形特征,其中包括社交媒体中这些视觉叙事的新兴元素,它们有可能吸引公民在日常生活中采取行动。我们的研究采用定性方法论,基于:(1)对 60 个致力于传播环境问题和内容的 Instagram 账户进行数字人种学研究;(2)对这些账户中的 281 篇精选帖子进行视觉叙事分析;以及(3)对数字活动家进行 14 次深入访谈。我们发现了这些新兴视觉叙事的主要特征:使用积极的视觉效果和内容;以第一人称叙述,强调日常生活中可以实施的小行动和小成就(命题叙事);和/或使用memes、幽默和其他流行文化元素,使环保事业成为主流。这些影响者战略性地利用情感共鸣、积极的视觉叙事,摒弃了引发恐惧的内容。他们强调个人行动和解决方案,而不是集体干预,将气候危机个人化。此外,他们的叙事与大自然进行了细致入微的对话,并融合了流行文化、幽默和流行语,从而有效地接触到不同的受众。这一转变反映了传播策略中更广泛的文化变革,标志着一种动员受众参与环保的新方法。
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引用次数: 0
Quantitative and qualitative initial validation of the accountable talk questionnaire 问责谈话问卷的定量和定性初步验证
IF 2.4 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.3389/fcomm.2023.1182439
Ayelet Kofman Talmy, N. Mashal
Accountable Talk (AT) has been extensively studied as a tool for improving argumentation and respectful discourse. While several research tools exist for evaluating AT, as of yet there no self-report assessment tool to measure AT directly, on a large-scale basis, and without significant costs. The aim of the current study was to develop and provide initial validation for a self-report AT questionnaire (ATQ).One hundred students aged 11–12 years participated in the study. Exploratory Factor Analysis, content validity, and test- retest reliability were assessed. 50 students were also randomly assigned to the qualitative part of the study. These students were recorded while discussing in small groups a topic provided by the experimenter (animal research). The qualitative data was coded and then correlated with the quantitative data obtained from the self-report questionnaire.The results indicated that a 12-items questionnaire can reliably assess three separate and independent qualities of AT: accountability to a learning community, accountability to rigorous thinking, and accountability to accurate knowledge. The reliability of the ATQ was high with α = 0.80. The Test-retest reliability was assessed at two time points separated by a 3-week interval with Pearson correlation. Excellent correlations (r > 0.98) between the ATQ scores were found. The correlation coefficients between the three components of the self-reported ATQ and the observed data obtained from the group discussions were significant positive medium-high.We have shown that a concise 12-item questionnaire can assess the three main components of Accountable Talk within the framework of respectful discourse. The questionnaire showed good reliability and structural validity, with weak correlations between sub-topics supporting the distinction between different aspects of Accountable Talk. We suggest that the ATQ can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of intervention programs aiming to improve students' acquisition of Accountable Talk skills.
负责任的谈话(AT)作为一种改进论证和尊重他人的话语的工具,已经得到了广泛的研究。虽然有几种评估负责任谈话的研究工具,但至今还没有一种自我报告的评估工具,可以直接、大规模、低成本地测量负责任谈话。本研究的目的是开发并初步验证自述式教师交流问卷(ATQ)。100 名 11-12 岁的学生参与了本研究。研究对探索性因子分析、内容有效性和测试-重测可靠性进行了评估。研究还随机分配了 50 名学生参与定性研究。这些学生在小组讨论实验人员提供的话题(动物研究)时被记录下来。结果表明,12 个项目的问卷可以可靠地评估厌学症的三个独立的品质:对学习社区的责任感、对严谨思维的责任感和对准确知识的责任感。ATQ 的信度很高,α = 0.80。在间隔 3 周的两个时间点,采用皮尔逊相关法评估了测试-重测信度。结果发现,ATQ 分数之间存在极好的相关性(r > 0.98)。自我报告的 ATQ 的三个组成部分与小组讨论中获得的观察数据之间的相关系数为显著的正中高。问卷显示了良好的可靠性和结构有效性,各子题目之间的微弱相关性支持了负责任谈话不同方面的区分。我们认为,ATQ 可用于评估旨在提高学生问责式谈话技能的干预计划的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Content analysis of conversations on Reddit: reactions to FDA's ENDS prioritized enforcement policy. Reddit对话内容分析:对FDA ENDS优先执行政策的反应。
IF 1.5 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.3389/fcomm.2024.1348158
Jamie Guillory, Sarah Trigger, Jenna Brophy, Ashley Ross, Stephanie Lane, Annice Kim, James Nonnemaker, Sherry T Liu, Kimberly Snyder, Janine Delahanty

Introduction: On January 2, 2020, the FDA announced a policy focused in part on prioritizing enforcement of flavored (other than tobacco- or menthol-flavored) cartridge-based electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) without premarket authorization.

Methods: We used a query to identify Reddit conversations relevant to the policy from January 2 to May 6, 2020. Our sample included 576 posts (46 posts and 530 accompanying comments). Two analysts coded posts for mentions of use behaviors (e.g., switching, quitting), purchasing behaviors (e.g., purchasing from retailer new to the user), and flavored products. We summarized frequencies of coded data and provided illustrative quotes.

Results: Only 21.0% (121/576) of posts mentioned use behavior. Switching behavior was the most common use behavior mentioned (50.4%, 61/121). Most switching behavior posts focused on ENDS-related switching (91.8%, 56/61). The most common ENDS-related switching behaviors mentioned were switching to an open tank (45.9%, 28/61) or device with refillable pods/cartridges (44.3%, 27/61); 8.2% (5/61) mentioned switching to disposables. Just 15.5% (89/576) of posts mentioned purchasing behavior, with the most common being purchasing from a retailer new to the user (32.6%, 29/89). Only 6.8% (39/576) of posts mentioned specific flavors.

Conclusion: Reddit posts about the policy commonly discussed switching to non-cartridge-based ENDS products, such as open tank systems or disposable devices, and purchasing products from different online sources that were still selling these products. Findings suggest that publicly available Reddit data can complement data from traditional sources (e.g., surveys, sales) to understand potential unintended consequences associated with policies by exploring the public's reactions.

2020年1月2日,FDA宣布了一项政策,部分重点是优先执行未经上市前授权的调味(烟草或薄荷味除外)烟管电子尼古丁输送系统(ENDS)。方法:我们使用查询来识别2020年1月2日至5月6日期间与该政策相关的Reddit对话。我们的样本包括576个帖子(46个帖子和530个附带评论)。两位分析师对帖子的使用行为(例如,切换、退出)、购买行为(例如,从新用户那里购买零售商)和调味产品进行了编码。我们总结了编码数据的频率,并提供了说明性报价。结果:只有21.0%(121/576)的帖子提到了使用行为。切换行为是最常见的使用行为(50.4%,61/121)。大多数交换行为的帖子集中在与终端相关的交换(91.8%,56/61)。提到的最常见的与ends相关的切换行为是切换到开放式水箱(45.9%,28/61)或带有可重新填充的吊舱/药筒的设备(44.3%,27/61);8.2%(5/61)的受访者提到改用一次性用品。只有15.5%(89/576)的帖子提到了购买行为,其中最常见的是从新零售商那里购买(32.6%,29/89)。只有6.8%(39/576)的帖子提到了特定的口味。结论:Reddit上关于该政策的帖子通常讨论转向非墨盒型ENDS产品,如开放式水箱系统或一次性设备,并从仍在销售这些产品的不同在线来源购买产品。研究结果表明,公开可用的Reddit数据可以补充传统来源(如调查、销售)的数据,通过探索公众的反应来了解与政策相关的潜在意外后果。
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引用次数: 0
"Are We Saying Every Time You Drink, You'll Get Cancer?" Lessons Learned from a Focus Group Study of Communicating Difficult-to-Swallow Health-Risk Information. “我们是不是说你每次喝酒就会得癌症?”交流难以接受的健康风险信息焦点小组研究的经验教训。
IF 1.5 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-05 DOI: 10.3389/fcomm.2024.1478435
Zexin Ma, Elizabeth A Hintz, Bia Cassano

This essay explores lessons learned when conducting focus group interviews with participants exposed to novel health-risk messages. Focus group participants exposed to new health-risk information might be defensive, affecting the quality of the data collected. Hence, accounting for potential participant defensiveness is of great importance for researchers who are developing and testing these health-risk messages. In this essay, I identify two forms of defensiveness that emerged in my focus group study evaluating cancer warning labels on alcoholic beverages: (1) actively counterarguing the health-risk message and (2) repeatedly modifying the health-risk message. I also offer four "lessons learned" to improve health-risk message testing in qualitative research practice: (a) communicate with empathy, (b) use personal stories, (c) forewarn participants, and (d) offer a self-affirmation opportunity. Overall, this essay contributes to the development of a typology of defensive strategies that focus group participants may use when exposed to novel health-risk messages. Additionally, it provides a methodological framework for guarding the integrity of the data and climate of the focus groups. These insights are valuable for health communication researchers and practitioners interested in conducting focus groups to assess health-risk messages.

这篇文章探讨了在与暴露于新的健康风险信息的参与者进行焦点小组访谈时所吸取的教训。接触到新的健康风险信息的焦点小组参与者可能会采取防御态度,从而影响所收集数据的质量。因此,对于开发和测试这些健康风险信息的研究人员来说,考虑潜在的参与者防御是非常重要的。在这篇文章中,我确定了在我的焦点小组研究中出现的两种形式的防御,评估酒精饮料上的癌症警告标签:(1)积极地反驳健康风险信息;(2)反复修改健康风险信息。我还提供了四个“经验教训”来改进定性研究实践中的健康风险信息测试:(a)用同理心进行沟通,(b)使用个人故事,(c)预先警告参与者,(d)提供自我肯定的机会。总的来说,这篇文章有助于焦点小组参与者在接触到新的健康风险信息时可能使用的防御策略类型的发展。此外,它提供了一个方法框架,以保护数据的完整性和焦点小组的气氛。这些见解对有兴趣开展焦点小组评估健康风险信息的卫生传播研究人员和从业人员很有价值。
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引用次数: 0
Twitter and politics: a framing analysis of Maryam Nawaz and Imran Khan's social media discourse 推特与政治:对玛丽亚姆-纳瓦兹和伊姆兰-汗社交媒体言论的框架分析
IF 2.4 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.3389/fcomm.2023.1276639
Rauha Salam-Salmaoui, Shazrah Salam
This study explores the framing strategies employed by influential Pakistani political figures, Imran Khan, and Maryam Nawaz, on Twitter. By adopting Hallahan's framing theory as an analytical framework, we analyze their tweets to reveal how they strategically shape political narratives and influence public perceptions. The study enhances our understanding of the interplay between political communication and political identities, shedding light on the nuanced strategies used by political actors to construct persuasive narratives. Our findings provide evidence of Twitter's significant role as a powerful tool for political communication and discourse in the Pakistani context. This research contributes to the broader landscape of Pakistani political communication and the intersection between social media, politics, and framing strategies.
本研究探讨了巴基斯坦有影响力的政治人物伊姆兰-汗和玛丽亚姆-纳瓦兹在推特上采用的框架策略。通过采用哈拉汉的框架理论作为分析框架,我们分析了他们的推文,揭示了他们如何战略性地塑造政治叙事并影响公众看法。这项研究加深了我们对政治传播与政治身份之间相互作用的理解,揭示了政治行为者在构建有说服力的叙事时所使用的微妙策略。我们的研究结果证明,在巴基斯坦,推特作为政治传播和话语的有力工具发挥着重要作用。这项研究有助于更广泛地研究巴基斯坦的政治传播以及社交媒体、政治和框架策略之间的交集。
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引用次数: 0
Social media users' online behavior with regard to the circulation of hate speech 社交媒体用户传播仇恨言论的网络行为
IF 2.4 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-12-19 DOI: 10.3389/fcomm.2023.1276245
Tadesse Megersa, Abebaw Minaye Gezie
Online hate speech is ripping Ethiopian society apart and threatening the values of democracy, human dignity, and peaceful coexistence. The current study argues that understanding people's responses to hateful posts helps combat hate speech online. Therefore, this study aims to comprehend the roles social media users play in responding to online hate speech. To this end, 14 ethnic-based hate speech posts each with more than 1,000 comments were collected from the public space of four purposefully selected YouTube news channels and four Facebook accounts, which are considered as hot spots for the circulation of hate speech during data collection period. Then, 100 random comments were collected from each hate speech post using “exportcomment.com” which automatically extract comments from social media posts in excel format. After extracting a total of 1,400 random comments, 460 of them were removed because they were found irrelevant and unclear to be coded and analyzed. Then, inductive coding was employed to identify, refine, and name codes and themes that describe the main roles played by social media users in reacting to the hate speeches. The findings showed five major roles social media users play in responding to hatful contents: trolling, pace-making, peace-making, informing, and guarding. The paper discusses the findings and provides recommendations deemed necessary to counter online hate speeches.
网络仇恨言论正在撕裂埃塞俄比亚社会,威胁着民主、人类尊严与和平共处的价值观。本研究认为,了解人们对仇恨帖子的反应有助于打击网络仇恨言论。因此,本研究旨在了解社交媒体用户在应对网络仇恨言论时所扮演的角色。为此,在数据收集期间,我们特意从四个被视为仇恨言论传播热点的 YouTube 新闻频道和四个 Facebook 账户的公共空间中收集了 14 篇基于种族的仇恨言论帖子,每篇帖子都有超过 1,000 条评论。然后,使用 "exportcomment.com "从每个仇恨言论帖子中随机收集 100 条评论,该软件可自动从社交媒体帖子中提取 excel 格式的评论。在提取了总共 1,400 条随机评论后,删除了其中的 460 条,因为它们被认为是不相关和不清晰的,无法进行编码和分析。然后,采用归纳编码法来识别、提炼和命名描述社交媒体用户在对仇恨言论做出反应时所扮演的主要角色的代码和主题。研究结果表明,社交媒体用户在应对仇恨内容时扮演了五种主要角色:钓饵、调节节奏、媾和、提供信息和保护。本文对研究结果进行了讨论,并提出了应对网络仇恨言论的必要建议。
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引用次数: 0
Evidence-based decision-making in speech-language pathology via video-based telepractice—A qualitative video interaction analysis 通过基于视频的远程诊疗在言语病理学中进行循证决策--视频互动定性分析
IF 2.4 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.3389/fcomm.2023.1176473
Maria Barthel, Silke Wittmar, Bernhard Borgetto, Juliane Leinweber
In speech-language pathology, there is a constant need to make evidence-based decisions based on the patient's needs and goals, speech-language pathologist's clinical expertise, and external evidence. During the COVID-19 pandemic, it was possible for the first time in Germany to implement video-based telepractice in the outpatient care of speech-language pathology. This study aimed to find out how evidence-based decisions are made in video-based telepractice and what forms of evidence are used.Speech-language pathologists who were working in outpatient services recorded their video-based telepractices for the research project. Five recorded video-based telepractices were transcribed using a simple transcription system and video interaction analysis was used to analyze the video recordings based on grounded theory methodology.Interactions between patients and speech-language pathologists are characterized by evidence-based decisions that can be observed. Speech-language pathologists make decisions based on their clinical expertise, patient-related experiences, and patient self-assessments. There is little evidence of negotiation between patients and speech-language pathologists to make joint decisions. Results showed that speech-language pathologists do not explicitly name external evidence to justify their decisions to patients. Shared decision-making is encouraged by a participative interaction between patients and speech-language pathologists. However, there was a predominant paternalistic interaction in which the speech-language pathologists made decisions on their own. To represent the decision-based interactions between patients and speech-language pathologists in a video-based therapy session, a process model was developed.Evidence-based and shared decision-making are important in speech-language pathology to provide patient-centered treatments. The exchange of information between the patient and the speech-language pathologist is important in order to make joint decisions based on these different levels of knowledge. In this way, the patient becomes an active participant in the digital treatment, in the video-based telepractice. As a result, the quality of care can be improved. Further research should reconstruct the implicit (possible) use of external evidence.
在言语病理学领域,始终需要根据患者的需求和目标、言语病理学家的临床专业知识以及外部证据做出循证决策。在 COVID-19 大流行期间,德国首次在言语病理学门诊护理中实施了基于视频的远程实践。这项研究旨在了解在视频远程实践中如何做出循证决策,以及使用了哪些形式的证据。在门诊服务中工作的言语病理学家为研究项目录制了他们的视频远程实践。使用简单的转录系统对录制的五次远程诊疗视频进行转录,并根据基础理论方法对视频记录进行视频交互分析。言语病理学家根据其临床专业知识、患者相关经验和患者自我评估做出决定。很少有证据表明患者与言语病理学家通过协商共同做出决定。结果表明,言语病理学家不会明确指出外部证据来向患者证明其决策的合理性。患者与言语病理学家之间的参与式互动鼓励共同决策。然而,在家长式的互动中,语言病理学家自行做出决定的情况占主导地位。为了体现患者与言语病理学家在视频治疗过程中基于决策的互动,我们建立了一个过程模型。在言语病理学中,基于证据和共同决策对于提供以患者为中心的治疗非常重要。患者与言语病理学家之间的信息交流非常重要,这样才能根据这些不同层次的知识做出共同决策。这样,患者就成为视频远程诊疗数字化治疗的积极参与者。因此,护理质量可以得到提高。进一步的研究应重新构建外部证据的隐性(可能)使用。
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引用次数: 0
Environmental public health communication to engage stakeholders and foster social capacity in poorly involved communities living in industrial contaminated sites: the case study of Porto Torres (Italy) 开展环境公共卫生宣传,让利益攸关方参与进来,提高生活在工业污染区的贫困社区的社会能力:托雷斯港(意大利)案例研究
IF 2.4 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.3389/fcomm.2023.1217427
D. Marsili, R. Pasetto, I. Iavarone
This work aims to discuss the implementation of a communication plan as a key element of the epidemiological study to foster social capacity in the scarcely involved community of the industrial contaminated site of Porto Torres (Sardinia region, Italy). We established an inter-institutional working group committed to developing communication activities and materials ensuring multidisciplinary skills from social and communication sciences to collaborate with the environmental and health experts involved in the epidemiological study. The adopted methodological approach and communication strategy resulted in effective and successful engagement of local institutional and social actors in the design and implementation of targeted communication activities. Designing and implementing environmental public health communication processes with poorly involved communities residing close to industrially contaminated sites is critically important. In these areas, environmental noxious exposures associated with high health risks are frequently combined with low socioeconomic conditions. This calls upon mechanisms of environmental injustice, distributive and procedural, and emphasizes the need to prioritize interventions based on integrative strategies securing local communities' engagement through informed participation. Based on the lessons learned in this community-focused experience in Italy, we have identified key actions for suitable environmental public health communication to foster social capacity and promote procedural environmental justice in communities living in other industrial contaminated sites.
这项工作旨在讨论作为流行病学研究关键要素的传播计划的实施情况,以促进托雷斯港(意大利撒丁岛大区)工业污染区内鲜有参与的社区的社会能力。我们成立了一个跨机构工作组,致力于开发传播活动和材料,确保社会科学和传播科学的多学科技能与参与流行病学研究的环境和健康专家合作。所采用的方法和传播战略使当地机构和社会行动者有效、成功地参与到有针对性的传播活动的设计和实施中。与居住在工业污染场地附近、参与程度较低的社区一起设计和实施环境公共卫生宣传过程至关重要。在这些地区,与高健康风险相关的有害环境暴露往往与低下的社会经济条件相结合。这就要求建立环境不公正机制,包括分配机制和程序机制,并强调需要根据综合战略确定干预措施的优先次序,通过知情参与确保当地社区的参与。根据在意大利这一以社区为重点的经验中汲取的教训,我们确定了适当的环境公共卫生宣传的关键行动,以在生活在其他工业污染场所的社区中培养社会能力和促进程序性环境正义。
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引用次数: 0
Tell me who your favorite team is, and I'll tell you about your moral compass: sports fans and media crises 告诉我你最喜欢的球队是谁,我就告诉你你的道德指南针:体育迷与媒体危机
IF 2.4 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-12-14 DOI: 10.3389/fcomm.2023.1259534
Ilan Tamir
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Frontiers in Communication
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