Food and Chemical Toxicology最新文献

英文中文

Developmental and cardiotoxic effects of cyhalofop-butyl in zebrafish embryos

IF 3.9 3区医学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food and Chemical Toxicology

Pub Date : 2025-02-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2025.115316

Bo Peng, Xinyi Zhu, Li Geng, Wenping Xu, Jiagao Cheng, Liming Tao, Yang Zhang

This study evaluates the developmental and cardiotoxic effects of cyhalofop-butyl, a commonly used herbicide in rice agriculture, on zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. Despite its widespread application, the risk assessment of cyhalofop-butyl for aquatic organisms, especially fish, is still lacking. Focusing on the cardiac system, we used a zebrafish model to evaluate developmental abnormalities, changes in cardiac morphology and function, markers of oxidative stress, and altered gene expression. The results suggest that cyhalofop-butyl induces oxidative stress, lipid accumulation, and apoptosis in zebrafish embryos. In addition, it can lead to abnormal embryonic development and cardiac morphological dysfunction (such as pericardial edema, decreased heart rate, and red blood cell (RBC) flow rate, and cardiac linearization). Cyhalofop-butyl also significantly alters the expression of cardiac-related genes, including myl7, vmhc, myh6, nkx2.5, tbx5, nppa, has2, and myh7. In summary, cyhalofop-butyl elicits both dysplasia and cardiotoxicity in zebrafish embryos, highlighting the need for further safety risk evaluation of this herbicide in aquatic ecosystems.

本研究评估了氰氟草酯这种常用于水稻种植的除草剂对斑马鱼（Danio rerio）胚胎发育和心脏毒性的影响。尽管氰氟草酯被广泛使用，但对水生生物（尤其是鱼类）的风险评估仍然缺乏。以心脏系统为重点，我们使用斑马鱼模型来评估发育异常、心脏形态和功能变化、氧化应激标记以及基因表达的改变。结果表明，氰氟草酯会诱发斑马鱼胚胎氧化应激、脂质积累和细胞凋亡。此外，氰氟草酯还会导致胚胎发育异常和心脏形态功能障碍（如心包水肿、心率和红细胞（RBC）流速下降以及心脏线性化）。氰氟草酯还会显著改变心脏相关基因的表达，包括 myl7、vmhc、myh6、nkx2.5、tbx5、nppa、has2 和 myh7。总之，氰氟草酯会引起斑马鱼胚胎发育不良和心脏毒性，因此有必要进一步评估这种除草剂在水生生态系统中的安全风险。

{"title":"Developmental and cardiotoxic effects of cyhalofop-butyl in zebrafish embryos","authors":"Bo Peng, Xinyi Zhu, Li Geng, Wenping Xu, Jiagao Cheng, Liming Tao, Yang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.fct.2025.115316","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fct.2025.115316","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates the developmental and cardiotoxic effects of cyhalofop-butyl, a commonly used herbicide in rice agriculture, on zebrafish (<em>Danio rerio</em>) embryos. Despite its widespread application, the risk assessment of cyhalofop-butyl for aquatic organisms, especially fish, is still lacking. Focusing on the cardiac system, we used a zebrafish model to evaluate developmental abnormalities, changes in cardiac morphology and function, markers of oxidative stress, and altered gene expression. The results suggest that cyhalofop-butyl induces oxidative stress, lipid accumulation, and apoptosis in zebrafish embryos. In addition, it can lead to abnormal embryonic development and cardiac morphological dysfunction (such as pericardial edema, decreased heart rate, and red blood cell (RBC) flow rate, and cardiac linearization). Cyhalofop-butyl also significantly alters the expression of cardiac-related genes, including <em>myl7</em>, <em>vmhc</em>, <em>myh6</em>, <em>nkx2.5</em>, <em>tbx5</em>, <em>nppa</em>, <em>has2</em>, and <em>myh7</em>. In summary, cyhalofop-butyl elicits both dysplasia and cardiotoxicity in zebrafish embryos, highlighting the need for further safety risk evaluation of this herbicide in aquatic ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":317,"journal":{"name":"Food and Chemical Toxicology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 115316"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143389792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Environmental contamination by bisphenols: From plastic production to modulation of the intestinal morphophysiology in experimental models

IF 3.9 3区医学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food and Chemical Toxicology

Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2025.115280

Beatriz Gouvêa de Luca , Patricia Pereira Almeida , Reinaldo Röpke Junior , Débora Júlia Silva Soares , Eliete Dalla Corte Frantz , Leandro Miranda-Alves , Milena Barcza Stockler-Pinto , Clarice Machado dos Santos , D'Angelo Carlo Magliano

Bisphenols are frequently found in a range of plastic products and have been associated with the development of diseases such as diabetes mellitus type 2 and obesity. These compounds are known as endocrine disruptors and have led to restrictions on their use due to their presence in the environment and their association with non-communicable chronic diseases. The gastrointestinal tract, being the primary site of food and water absorption, is particularly vulnerable to the effects of bisphenols. For this reason, a review of studies showing associations between bisphenols exposure and adverse effects in the gut microbiota, morphology tissue, gut permeability, and on the enteric nervous system was carried out. We have included perinatal studies and in different adult experimental models. The effects of bisphenol exposure on the gut microbiota are complex and varied. Bisphenol exposure generally leads to a decrease in microbial diversity and may impact the integrity of the intestinal barrier, resulting in elevated levels of inflammation, changes in morphological and metabolic characteristics of the gut, modifications in tight junction expression, and changes in goblet cell expression. In addition, bisphenol exposure in the perinatal phase can lead to important intestinal changes, including increased colonic inflammation and decreased colonic paracellular permeability.

{"title":"Environmental contamination by bisphenols: From plastic production to modulation of the intestinal morphophysiology in experimental models","authors":"Beatriz Gouvêa de Luca , Patricia Pereira Almeida , Reinaldo Röpke Junior , Débora Júlia Silva Soares , Eliete Dalla Corte Frantz , Leandro Miranda-Alves , Milena Barcza Stockler-Pinto , Clarice Machado dos Santos , D'Angelo Carlo Magliano","doi":"10.1016/j.fct.2025.115280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fct.2025.115280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bisphenols are frequently found in a range of plastic products and have been associated with the development of diseases such as diabetes mellitus type 2 and obesity. These compounds are known as endocrine disruptors and have led to restrictions on their use due to their presence in the environment and their association with non-communicable chronic diseases. The gastrointestinal tract, being the primary site of food and water absorption, is particularly vulnerable to the effects of bisphenols. For this reason, a review of studies showing associations between bisphenols exposure and adverse effects in the gut microbiota, morphology tissue, gut permeability, and on the enteric nervous system was carried out. We have included perinatal studies and in different adult experimental models. The effects of bisphenol exposure on the gut microbiota are complex and varied. Bisphenol exposure generally leads to a decrease in microbial diversity and may impact the integrity of the intestinal barrier, resulting in elevated levels of inflammation, changes in morphological and metabolic characteristics of the gut, modifications in tight junction expression, and changes in goblet cell expression. In addition, bisphenol exposure in the perinatal phase can lead to important intestinal changes, including increased colonic inflammation and decreased colonic paracellular permeability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":317,"journal":{"name":"Food and Chemical Toxicology","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 115280"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143381268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Safety evaluation of Limosilactobacillus fermentum PS150 for use as a commercial psychobiotic

IF 3.9 3区医学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food and Chemical Toxicology

Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2025.115312

Li-Hao Cheng , Chien-Chen Wu , Chin-Lin Huang , Yu-Hsuan Wei , Pei-Jun Wen , Shih-Hau Chiu , Chien-Chi Chen , Ching-Ting Lin , Po-Lin Liao

The psychobiotic Limosilactobacillus fermentum PS150 (PS150), isolated from fermented meat sausage, has antidepressant, anxiolytic, and sleep-improving properties. This study investigated the safety of PS150 using a genome-based safety evaluation, antibiotic resistance profiles, mutagenicity, clastogenicity, 28-day subacute toxicity, and gastrointestinal tolerance. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that PS150 did not carry genes encoding antimicrobial resistance, virulence factors, or enzymes related to biogenic amine production. Additionally, PS150 was sensitive to the eight antibiotics tested. Ames test results showed no signs of increased reverse mutations following PS150 treatment. Further, PS150 treatment did not increase the frequency of chromosomal aberrations or number of micronuclei, and administration of PS150 (1.3 × 10¹¹ CFU/kg, 2.6 × 10¹¹ CFU/kg and 4.3 × 10¹¹ CFU/kg) for 28 days did not cause any toxicity or mortality in mice. PS150 exhibited superior gastrointestinal tolerance both in vitro and in vivo, enabling it to endure and survive the digestive processes. In conclusion, our results suggest that L. fermentum PS150 is safe in mice, supporting its potential as a psychobiotic candidate for human use. The 28-day “No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL)” is defined at the highest dose of 4.3 × 10¹¹ CFU/kg body weight/day for the PS150 powder under the test conditions employed.

{"title":"Safety evaluation of Limosilactobacillus fermentum PS150 for use as a commercial psychobiotic","authors":"Li-Hao Cheng , Chien-Chen Wu , Chin-Lin Huang , Yu-Hsuan Wei , Pei-Jun Wen , Shih-Hau Chiu , Chien-Chi Chen , Ching-Ting Lin , Po-Lin Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.fct.2025.115312","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fct.2025.115312","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The psychobiotic <em>Limosilactobacillus fermentum</em> PS150 (PS150), isolated from fermented meat sausage, has antidepressant, anxiolytic, and sleep-improving properties. This study investigated the safety of PS150 using a genome-based safety evaluation, antibiotic resistance profiles, mutagenicity, clastogenicity, 28-day subacute toxicity, and gastrointestinal tolerance. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that PS150 did not carry genes encoding antimicrobial resistance, virulence factors, or enzymes related to biogenic amine production. Additionally, PS150 was sensitive to the eight antibiotics tested. Ames test results showed no signs of increased reverse mutations following PS150 treatment. Further, PS150 treatment did not increase the frequency of chromosomal aberrations or number of micronuclei, and administration of PS150 (1.3 × 10<sup>11</sup> CFU/kg, 2.6 × 10<sup>11</sup> CFU/kg and 4.3 × 10<sup>11</sup> CFU/kg) for 28 days did not cause any toxicity or mortality in mice. PS150 exhibited superior gastrointestinal tolerance both <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>, enabling it to endure and survive the digestive processes. In conclusion, our results suggest that <em>L. fermentum</em> PS150 is safe in mice, supporting its potential as a psychobiotic candidate for human use. The 28-day “No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL)” is defined at the highest dose of 4.3 × 10<sup>11</sup> CFU/kg body weight/day for the PS150 powder under the test conditions employed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":317,"journal":{"name":"Food and Chemical Toxicology","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 115312"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fraglide-1 from traditional Chinese aromatic vinegar: A natural AhR antagonist for atopic dermatitis

IF 3.9 3区医学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food and Chemical Toxicology

Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2025.115301

Kosuke Kato , Miki Akamatsu , Saya Kakimaru , Mayuko Koreishi , Masahiro Takagi , Masahiro Miyashita , Yoshiyuki Murata , Yoshimasa Nakamura , Ayano Satoh , Yoshio Tsujino

Traditional Chinese Zhenjiang aromatic vinegar (Kozu) contains Fraglide-1 (FG1), a bioactive lactone with demonstrated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonist and antioxidant activities. This study explored FG1's novel ability to antagonize the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling pathway, which regulates artemin expression and contributes to itching and inflammation in atopic dermatitis. Through molecular docking simulations and cell-based assays in human keratinocytes, we demonstrated FG1's potent antagonistic activity against AhR signaling. FG1 effectively suppressed FICZ-induced inflammatory responses, including artemin expression, with potency (half maximal inhibitory concentration, IC₅₀ = 5.1 μM) comparable to the synthetic antagonist StemRegenin 1 (SR1) while demonstrating a superior safety profile (median lethal concentration, LC₅₀ > 100 μM vs. 27.5 μM for SR1). These findings expand our understanding of bioactive compounds from traditional fermented foods and their regulatory effects on AhR signaling, providing a foundation for future studies on FG1's role in modulating skin inflammation.

{"title":"Fraglide-1 from traditional Chinese aromatic vinegar: A natural AhR antagonist for atopic dermatitis","authors":"Kosuke Kato , Miki Akamatsu , Saya Kakimaru , Mayuko Koreishi , Masahiro Takagi , Masahiro Miyashita , Yoshiyuki Murata , Yoshimasa Nakamura , Ayano Satoh , Yoshio Tsujino","doi":"10.1016/j.fct.2025.115301","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fct.2025.115301","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional Chinese Zhenjiang aromatic vinegar (Kozu) contains Fraglide-1 (FG1), a bioactive lactone with demonstrated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonist and antioxidant activities. This study explored FG1's novel ability to antagonize the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling pathway, which regulates artemin expression and contributes to itching and inflammation in atopic dermatitis. Through molecular docking simulations and cell-based assays in human keratinocytes, we demonstrated FG1's potent antagonistic activity against AhR signaling. FG1 effectively suppressed FICZ-induced inflammatory responses, including artemin expression, with potency (half maximal inhibitory concentration, IC<sub>50</sub> = 5.1 μM) comparable to the synthetic antagonist StemRegenin 1 (SR1) while demonstrating a superior safety profile (median lethal concentration, LC<sub>50</sub> > 100 μM vs. 27.5 μM for SR1). These findings expand our understanding of bioactive compounds from traditional fermented foods and their regulatory effects on AhR signaling, providing a foundation for future studies on FG1's role in modulating skin inflammation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":317,"journal":{"name":"Food and Chemical Toxicology","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 115301"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143381274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Polysaccharides extracted from Polygonatum sibiricum alleviate intestine-liver-kidney axis injury induced by citrinin and alcohol co-exposure in mice

IF 3.9 3区医学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food and Chemical Toxicology

Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2025.115314

Yongli Ye , Yida Xu , Jian Ji , Yinzhi Zhang , Yongwei Feng , Xiulan Sun

Citrinin (Cit) is a metabolite of Monascus Aspergillus that is known to be nephrotoxic and affects the safety of Monascus products. Here, we investigated the effects of an intervention with bioactive Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharides (PSPS) on Cit-induced toxic damage in populations with dietary patterns characterized by alcohol consumption. Our results showed that the PSPS intervention significantly increased the levels of intestinal Cit and its metabolite M1. Additionally, the PSPS intervention mitigated intestinal damage, as well as liver and kidney stress, and flora disruption induced by combined exposure to Cit and alcohol. It also promoted the recovery of Lactobacillus abundance. However, there was no significant improvement in hippocampal damage. Metabolomics analysis indicated that the PSPS significantly influenced the metabolic pathways involved in energy metabolism in liver and kidney, such as aspartic acid and tyrosine metabolism. Correlation analysis revealed a significant relationship between the reduction of Cit metabolites and the differential metabolites in the liver and kidney. Our results demonstrated that the PSPS intervention showed promise in improving intestinal flora imbalances, enhancing the barrier function against Cit, alleviating intestinal, liver, and kidney damage, and addressing the metabolic disorders along the gut-liver-kidney axis resulting from the co-exposure to Cit and alcohol.

{"title":"Polysaccharides extracted from Polygonatum sibiricum alleviate intestine-liver-kidney axis injury induced by citrinin and alcohol co-exposure in mice","authors":"Yongli Ye , Yida Xu , Jian Ji , Yinzhi Zhang , Yongwei Feng , Xiulan Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.fct.2025.115314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fct.2025.115314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Citrinin (Cit) is a metabolite of <em>Monascus Aspergillus</em> that is known to be nephrotoxic and affects the safety of <em>Monascus</em> products. Here, we investigated the effects of an intervention with bioactive <em>Polygonatum sibiricum</em> polysaccharides (PSPS) on Cit-induced toxic damage in populations with dietary patterns characterized by alcohol consumption. Our results showed that the PSPS intervention significantly increased the levels of intestinal Cit and its metabolite M1. Additionally, the PSPS intervention mitigated intestinal damage, as well as liver and kidney stress, and flora disruption induced by combined exposure to Cit and alcohol. It also promoted the recovery of <em>Lactobacillus</em> abundance. However, there was no significant improvement in hippocampal damage. Metabolomics analysis indicated that the PSPS significantly influenced the metabolic pathways involved in energy metabolism in liver and kidney, such as aspartic acid and tyrosine metabolism. Correlation analysis revealed a significant relationship between the reduction of Cit metabolites and the differential metabolites in the liver and kidney. Our results demonstrated that the PSPS intervention showed promise in improving intestinal flora imbalances, enhancing the barrier function against Cit, alleviating intestinal, liver, and kidney damage, and addressing the metabolic disorders along the gut-liver-kidney axis resulting from the co-exposure to Cit and alcohol.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":317,"journal":{"name":"Food and Chemical Toxicology","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 115314"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143381280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of oral Mn-based nanozymes Mn3O4 NPs on morphological, antioxidation, mucosa, and fecal microbial community in mice colons

IF 3.9 3区医学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food and Chemical Toxicology

Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2025.115313

Baoyue Zhang , Lei Yang , Zhengkun Wu , Xianxiang Wang , Xiaoling Zhao , Wei Zhang , Danqin Li , Hualin Fu , Juchun Lin , Funeng Xu , Xiaoyang Ai , Gang Shu

Mn₃O₄ NPs, manganese-based nanoparticles with multienzyme-like antioxidative activity, have been widely used in anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and other related studies, especially those related to Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). However, before formalizing these studies, it is important to assess their oral safety (especially intestinal) to understand its potential adverse effects on biological systems and intestinal health. In this study, we synthesized Mn₃O₄ NP which has been reported to have proven multienzyme-like antioxidative activity based on previous studies. The fixed-dose method was used to evaluate the oral acute toxicity of Mn₃O₄ NPs in mice, followed by 14 days of observation. Then, relative parameters were explored for mice undergoing continuous gavage of 125 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg BW Mn₃O₄ NPs for 20 days. The continuous oral administration of low-dose Mn₃O₄ NPs for 20 days resulted in an increased expression of mRNA of antioxidant genes in mice colon. These changes led to an improvement in the antioxidant capacity of the colon. In contrast, the administration of a high dose of Mn₃O₄ NPs resulted in colonic oxidative damage, and mucosal damage in mice colons, as well as an increase in the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidota of the fecal microbial communities.

{"title":"Effect of oral Mn-based nanozymes Mn3O4 NPs on morphological, antioxidation, mucosa, and fecal microbial community in mice colons","authors":"Baoyue Zhang , Lei Yang , Zhengkun Wu , Xianxiang Wang , Xiaoling Zhao , Wei Zhang , Danqin Li , Hualin Fu , Juchun Lin , Funeng Xu , Xiaoyang Ai , Gang Shu","doi":"10.1016/j.fct.2025.115313","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fct.2025.115313","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs, manganese-based nanoparticles with multienzyme-like antioxidative activity, have been widely used in anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and other related studies, especially those related to Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). However, before formalizing these studies, it is important to assess their oral safety (especially intestinal) to understand its potential adverse effects on biological systems and intestinal health. In this study, we synthesized Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NP which has been reported to have proven multienzyme-like antioxidative activity based on previous studies. The fixed-dose method was used to evaluate the oral acute toxicity of Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs in mice, followed by 14 days of observation. Then, relative parameters were explored for mice undergoing continuous gavage of 125 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg BW Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs for 20 days. The continuous oral administration of low-dose Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs for 20 days resulted in an increased expression of mRNA of antioxidant genes in mice colon. These changes led to an improvement in the antioxidant capacity of the colon. In contrast, the administration of a high dose of Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs resulted in colonic oxidative damage, and mucosal damage in mice colons, as well as an increase in the ratio of <em>Firmicutes</em> to <em>Bacteroidota</em> of the fecal microbial communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":317,"journal":{"name":"Food and Chemical Toxicology","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 115313"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143378163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Update to RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, 2-phenylpropionaldehyde, CAS registry number 93-53-8

IF 3.9 3区医学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food and Chemical Toxicology

Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2025.115309

A.M. Api , A. Bartlett , D. Belsito , D. Botelho , M. Bruze , A. Bryant-Friedrich , G.A. Burton Jr. , M.A. Cancellieri , H. Chon , M. Cronin , S. Crotty , M.L. Dagli , W. Dekant , C. Deodhar , K. Farrell , A.D. Fryer , L. Jones , K. Joshi , A. Lapczynski , D.L. Laskin , Y. Thakkar

引用次数: 0

RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, (Z)-4-dodecenal, CAS registry number 21944-98-9

IF 3.9 3区医学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food and Chemical Toxicology

Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2025.115311

引用次数: 0

The content of metallic trace elements in rice-containing products used in the diet of infants and young children – Health risks for consumers

IF 3.9 3区医学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food and Chemical Toxicology

Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2025.115310

Joanna Furman, Małgorzata Ćwieląg-Drabek

Infants and young children are a group that is particularly sensitive to harmful substances. Therefore, products intended for consumption by infants and young children are subject to the requirements of food law and must meet high quality, microbiological, and chemical requirements. The study aimed to determine the content and assessment of exposure to selected metallic trace elements: arsenic, chromium, and nickel, in products marketed in Poland intended for consumption by infants (after 4 months) and small children (after 12 months). The research material consisted of 55 samples of products from 14 brands. The content of arsenic (<0.19–5.03 mg/kg), chromium (<0.08–0.88 mg/kg), and nickel (<0.41–3.24 mg/kg) was determined in the mineralized samples using the electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ET-AAS) method. The obtained values of element concentrations were used to estimate the non-cancer and cancer health risk of infants (6–11 months) and young children (1–2 years). Food for infants and young children does not pose a significant threat resulting from the chromium and nickel content in these products. Daily consumption of rice-based products by children carries the possibility of non-cancer and cancer risk, which is a consequence of the arsenic content in these products.

{"title":"The content of metallic trace elements in rice-containing products used in the diet of infants and young children – Health risks for consumers","authors":"Joanna Furman, Małgorzata Ćwieląg-Drabek","doi":"10.1016/j.fct.2025.115310","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fct.2025.115310","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Infants and young children are a group that is particularly sensitive to harmful substances. Therefore, products intended for consumption by infants and young children are subject to the requirements of food law and must meet high quality, microbiological, and chemical requirements. The study aimed to determine the content and assessment of exposure to selected metallic trace elements: arsenic, chromium, and nickel, in products marketed in Poland intended for consumption by infants (after 4 months) and small children (after 12 months). The research material consisted of 55 samples of products from 14 brands. The content of arsenic (<0.19–5.03 mg/kg), chromium (<0.08–0.88 mg/kg), and nickel (<0.41–3.24 mg/kg) was determined in the mineralized samples using the electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ET-AAS) method. The obtained values of element concentrations were used to estimate the non-cancer and cancer health risk of infants (6–11 months) and young children (1–2 years). Food for infants and young children does not pose a significant threat resulting from the chromium and nickel content in these products. Daily consumption of rice-based products by children carries the possibility of non-cancer and cancer risk, which is a consequence of the arsenic content in these products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":317,"journal":{"name":"Food and Chemical Toxicology","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 115310"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143363396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A 13-week repeated oral dose toxicity evaluation and a 4-week recovery evaluation of rosemary concentrate containing 50% ursolic acid in male and female rats

IF 3.9 3区医学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food and Chemical Toxicology

Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2025.115308

Yanghoon Peter Jung , Suyoung Lim , Seulgi An , Hyunji Kim , Jae-Ho Shin

This study was performed to evaluate the safety of rosemary concentrate containing 50% ursolic acid (RCUA50), the ethanolic extract of rosemary. RCUA50 was administered orally for 13 weeks at 1000, 2000, and 4000 mg/kg/day, and then the rats were maintained for 4 weeks without RCUA50 administration for recovery evaluation. We observed clinical signs, body weights, food consumption, functional observations, ophthalmological examination, urinalysis, estrus cycle, hematology, clinical chemistry, sperm analysis, organ weights, gross examination, and histopathological examinations. During the dosing and recovery period, there were no test substance-related deaths, clinical signs, changes in body weights, and food consumption in all treated groups. In the main group, there were no test substance-related effects in functional observations and ophthalmological examination. In the main and recovery groups, there were no test substance-related effects in hematology, clinical chemistry, sperm analysis, organ weights, necropsy and histopathological examination. In conclusion, the repeated oral administration of RCUA50 for 13 weeks resulted in no test substance-related adverse effect at all dose levels. Therefore, the NOAEL was considered to be greater than 4000 mg/kg/day in both sexes under the conditions of this study.

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