S. Dora, M. Mansour, A. A. Aboulila, E. Abdelwahab
To evaluate the resistance of some barley genotypes for net blotch disease and grain yield and its related traits, twenty genotypes (12 local varieties and 8 exotic lines) of barley were used. Expression of severity to foliar infection varied between the evaluated genotypes, Giza 117 and Giza 2000 appeared the highest infection response, Giza 123, Giza 124, Giza 126 and Giza 131 were moderately susceptible, while the other genotypes ranged between resistant to moderately resistant. Line 81 and Line 91 proved to be most resistant genotypes for net blotch. Moreover, Giza 133 and line 91 showed superiority in grain yield values over all the tested barley genotypes and high resistance reaction for net blotch disease. Genetic variability and relationships among the used barley genotypes were evaluated by using five RAPD primers, three SCoT primers and eight SSR primer pairs. A high degree of polymorphism was detected with the three types of DNA markers which recorded 70.83, 77.42 and 72.5%, respectively. Alleles number ranged from 8 to 15, 9 to 12 and 2 to 8 per primer, with averages of 9.6, 10.33 and 5 per RAPD, SCoT and SSR primers, respectively. The highest percentage of genetic similarity as revealed by combined RAPD, SCoT and SSR data was found between line 81 and line 91 (90.7%), while the lowest similarity percentage was detected between Giza 124 and line 46 (65.2%). Giza 134 and Line 9 genotypes were resistant for net blotch disease while they gave positive genotype-specific markers with RAPD and SCoT analyses. Only Giza 123 genotype gave a positive genotype-specific marker using SSR analysis. Therefore, these genotype-specific markers could be considered as a molecular marker for net blotch disease response under similar conditions.
{"title":"GENETIC DIVERSITY AND RELATIONSHIPS AMONG SOME BARLEY GENOTYPES FOR NET BLOTCH DISEASE RESISTANCE USING RAPD, SCOT AND SSR MARKERS","authors":"S. Dora, M. Mansour, A. A. Aboulila, E. Abdelwahab","doi":"10.21608/EJGC.2018.9510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJGC.2018.9510","url":null,"abstract":"To evaluate the resistance of some barley genotypes for net blotch disease and grain yield and its related traits, twenty genotypes (12 local varieties and 8 exotic lines) of barley were used. Expression of severity to foliar infection varied between the evaluated genotypes, Giza 117 and Giza 2000 appeared the highest infection response, Giza 123, Giza 124, Giza 126 and Giza 131 were moderately susceptible, while the other genotypes ranged between resistant to moderately resistant. Line 81 and Line 91 proved to be most resistant genotypes for net blotch. Moreover, Giza 133 and line 91 showed superiority in grain yield values over all the tested barley genotypes and high resistance reaction for net blotch disease. Genetic variability and relationships among the used barley genotypes were evaluated by using five RAPD primers, three SCoT primers and eight SSR primer pairs. A high degree of polymorphism was detected with the three types of DNA markers which recorded 70.83, 77.42 and 72.5%, respectively. Alleles number ranged from 8 to 15, 9 to 12 and 2 to 8 per primer, with averages of 9.6, 10.33 and 5 per RAPD, SCoT and SSR primers, respectively. The highest percentage of genetic similarity as revealed by combined RAPD, SCoT and SSR data was found between line 81 and line 91 (90.7%), while the lowest similarity percentage was detected between Giza 124 and line 46 (65.2%). Giza 134 and Line 9 genotypes were resistant for net blotch disease while they gave positive genotype-specific markers with RAPD and SCoT analyses. Only Giza 123 genotype gave a positive genotype-specific marker using SSR analysis. Therefore, these genotype-specific markers could be considered as a molecular marker for net blotch disease response under similar conditions.","PeriodicalId":31811,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology","volume":"225 1","pages":"139-165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68483208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Khidr, M. Arafa, Samah M. M. Eldemery, R. Elsanhoty
Twenty-six potato genotypes including seventeen cultivars were used to investigate the genetic diversity of potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) grown in Egyptian sandy soil using both morphological characteristics and molecular markers. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the potato yield traits and its components showed highly significant differences among the genotypes, the growing seasons and the interaction between genotypes and the growing seasons for all the studied traits. The NAP geno type gave the highest significant values for the yield traits and the highest percentage of the tuber size more than 70 mm in diameter trait. The NIZ genotype gave the highest significant value (146.5 g) for the tuber weight trait. On the other hand, OH, Cleopatra and Sophie potato genotypes showed the least significant values for tuber weight and tuber size traits. According to the two-way hierarchical cluster analysis, the potato genotypes were separated into three main cluster groups, while in the second way of the hierarchical clustering (traits clustering), the morphological traits were separated into two clusters. According to RAPD cluster analysis, the Mondial genotype was separated at the uppermost of the dendrogram apart of the other genotypes and the Red Sun genotype was separated at the lowermost of the dendrogram. The other 24 potato genotypes were separated into five clusters. Depending upon ISSR cluster analysis; the Mozart and ALF genotypes were separated apart of all other genotypes at the lowermost of the dendrogram, while the Mondial, Sophie, Liseta, NAP and Red Sun genotypes were distributed separately throughout the dendrogram. The other genotypes were separated into four clusters. Thus, it can be concluded that both morphological and molecular markers could be efficiently used to study the genetic diversity among potato genotypes. Although the morphological characteristics are affected with the environment, their results could be supported by the molecular markers results.
利用形态特征和分子标记对埃及沙质土壤马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum L.) 26个基因型(包括17个品种)的遗传多样性进行了研究。马铃薯产量性状及其组成的方差分析表明，各基因型间、各生长季节间以及各基因型与生长季节间的互作均存在极显著差异。NAP基因型在产量性状和块茎直径大于70 mm性状中所占比例最高。在块茎重性状上，NIZ基因型的显著值最高(146.5 g)。OH、Cleopatra和Sophie基因型在块茎重量和块茎大小性状上表现不显著。通过双向层次聚类分析，将马铃薯基因型划分为3个主要聚类组，而在第二层次聚类方法(性状聚类)中，将形态性状划分为2个聚类。RAPD聚类分析表明，Mondial基因型在树状图的最上端分离，Red Sun基因型在树状图的最下端分离。其余24个马铃薯基因型被划分为5个聚类。根据ISSR聚类分析;莫扎特和ALF基因型在树状图最下方与其他基因型分离，而Mondial、Sophie、Liseta、NAP和Red Sun基因型在树状图中单独分布。其余基因型分为4个聚类。因此，形态和分子标记可以有效地用于马铃薯基因型间的遗传多样性研究。虽然形态特征受环境的影响，但其结果可以得到分子标记结果的支持。
{"title":"MOLECULAR AND MORPHOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF POTATO GENOTYPES CULTIVATED IN SANDY SOIL","authors":"Y. Khidr, M. Arafa, Samah M. M. Eldemery, R. Elsanhoty","doi":"10.21608/EJGC.2018.9487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJGC.2018.9487","url":null,"abstract":"Twenty-six potato genotypes including seventeen cultivars were used to investigate the genetic diversity of potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) grown in Egyptian sandy soil using both morphological characteristics and molecular markers. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the potato yield traits and its components showed highly significant differences among the genotypes, the growing seasons and the interaction between genotypes and the growing seasons for all the studied traits. The NAP geno type gave the highest significant values for the yield traits and the highest percentage of the tuber size more than 70 mm in diameter trait. The NIZ genotype gave the highest significant value (146.5 g) for the tuber weight trait. On the other hand, OH, Cleopatra and Sophie potato genotypes showed the least significant values for tuber weight and tuber size traits. According to the two-way hierarchical cluster analysis, the potato genotypes were separated into three main cluster groups, while in the second way of the hierarchical clustering (traits clustering), the morphological traits were separated into two clusters. According to RAPD cluster analysis, the Mondial genotype was separated at the uppermost of the dendrogram apart of the other genotypes and the Red Sun genotype was separated at the lowermost of the dendrogram. The other 24 potato genotypes were separated into five clusters. Depending upon ISSR cluster analysis; the Mozart and ALF genotypes were separated apart of all other genotypes at the lowermost of the dendrogram, while the Mondial, Sophie, Liseta, NAP and Red Sun genotypes were distributed separately throughout the dendrogram. The other genotypes were separated into four clusters. Thus, it can be concluded that both morphological and molecular markers could be efficiently used to study the genetic diversity among potato genotypes. Although the morphological characteristics are affected with the environment, their results could be supported by the molecular markers results.","PeriodicalId":31811,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology","volume":"46 1","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68481807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mango is one of the most important tropical fruits in the world. It has been cultivated in Egypt since 19th century. The usual methodologies to produce a new cultivar in Egypt are based on selection of superior seedling or importing new cultivars. To establish breeding program and improve mango cultivars, genetic variability and relationships among available mango germplasms must be detected. The present study was conducted in two successive seasons (2014 and 2015), on three common local cultivars (Ewais, Zebda and Sedeeq) and five imported cultivars (Naomi, Keitt, Fajri Klan, Tommy Atkins and Haidi) which are grown commercially in Egypt. Results revealed a wide range of variability in qualitative and quantitative characteristics of mango cultivars. On the basis of combined analysis of the two years, all fruit parameters; fruit length, breadth and weight, stone weight, TSS and acidity, showed considerably high heritability values which ranged from 80.83 to 98.27%, indicating that genetic improvement for these characters through breeding and selection would be effective. On the other hand, genetic diversity and relatedness among the eight genotypes were assessed based on fourteen decamer RAPD primers. A total of 154 bands were obtained with 81.82% polymorphism. High similarity degree was found between the local cultivar (Zebda) and the Indian cultivar (Fajri Klan) at the molecular level which was consistent with some physical characters. Results of UPGMA dendrogram revealed that the Egyptian cultivar Sedeek was the most divergent and separated in a distinct group. This was consistent with genetic relationship of pigments in peel color; Sedeek was the only cultivar that did not have yellow color in ripe fruit peel. These results indicated that RAPD analysis could be used as an effective tool in separating cultivars according to their physico-chemical properties and could be useful for genetic improvement of mango cultivars.
{"title":"GENETIC VARIABILITY AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF SOME LOCAL AND IMPORTED MANGO CULTIVARS IN EGYPT","authors":"O. Galal, H. Galal, A. A. Aboulila","doi":"10.21608/EJGC.2018.9509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJGC.2018.9509","url":null,"abstract":"Mango is one of the most important tropical fruits in the world. It has been cultivated in Egypt since 19th century. The usual methodologies to produce a new cultivar in Egypt are based on selection of superior seedling or importing new cultivars. To establish breeding program and improve mango cultivars, genetic variability and relationships among available mango germplasms must be detected. The present study was conducted in two successive seasons (2014 and 2015), on three common local cultivars (Ewais, Zebda and Sedeeq) and five imported cultivars (Naomi, Keitt, Fajri Klan, Tommy Atkins and Haidi) which are grown commercially in Egypt. Results revealed a wide range of variability in qualitative and quantitative characteristics of mango cultivars. On the basis of combined analysis of the two years, all fruit parameters; fruit length, breadth and weight, stone weight, TSS and acidity, showed considerably high heritability values which ranged from 80.83 to 98.27%, indicating that genetic improvement for these characters through breeding and selection would be effective. On the other hand, genetic diversity and relatedness among the eight genotypes were assessed based on fourteen decamer RAPD primers. A total of 154 bands were obtained with 81.82% polymorphism. High similarity degree was found between the local cultivar (Zebda) and the Indian cultivar (Fajri Klan) at the molecular level which was consistent with some physical characters. Results of UPGMA dendrogram revealed that the Egyptian cultivar Sedeek was the most divergent and separated in a distinct group. This was consistent with genetic relationship of pigments in peel color; Sedeek was the only cultivar that did not have yellow color in ripe fruit peel. These results indicated that RAPD analysis could be used as an effective tool in separating cultivars according to their physico-chemical properties and could be useful for genetic improvement of mango cultivars.","PeriodicalId":31811,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology","volume":"46 1","pages":"121-138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68483174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Osman, A. El-Shanshoury, M. Amer, M. Faheem, R. Sammour
In this study, Differential display reverse transcription (DDRT) technique was used to analyze differentially upregulated genes in Helianthus annuus in response to Pb exposure. Seeds of sunflower were germinated in lead contaminated soils and untreated plants were used as control. Twenty differentially expressed fragments were identified and characterized. The fragments were classified according to their expression levels. The significance of the function of the identified differentially expressed genes was discussed in relation to their possible roles as stress genes. Two fragments showed no significant homology with any database sequences in the GenBank. Results of the database sequence alignment identified two fragments showed homology to unclassified and unknown genes; two cDNA fragments show homology with salinity responsive genes, three fragments showed homology with drought responsive genes, one fragment showed homology with cold responsive gene, one fragment showed homology with oxidative responsive gene and one fragment showed homology with biotic stress resistance gene. More importantly, a fragment had significant homology with EST of Glycine max similar to serine/threonine-protein kinase gene, a fragment showed significant homology with EST of Arabidopsis thaliana putative anion transporter 2 (ANTR2) mRNA, a fragment had significant homology with EST of Helianthus annuus delta-12 oleate desaturase (FAD2- 2) gene, a fragment showed significant homology with EST of Dianthus caryophyllus putative MtN3-like protein mRNA, two fragments showed significant homology with EST for NADH dehydrogenase chain 3 (nad3) genes, a fragment had significant homology with EST from Volvox sp. similar to cytochrome oxidase subunit 1(CoxI) and a fragment showed significant homology with EST23 of Medicago truncatula MLP-like protein. These results implicate that several pathways are involved in the plant's response to Pb exposure which still needs to be elucidated further.
{"title":"IDENTIFICATION OF GENES UP-REGULATED IN RESPONSE TO LEAD EXPOSURE IN SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.)","authors":"M. Osman, A. El-Shanshoury, M. Amer, M. Faheem, R. Sammour","doi":"10.21608/EJGC.2018.9504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJGC.2018.9504","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, Differential display reverse transcription (DDRT) technique was used to analyze differentially upregulated genes in Helianthus annuus in response to Pb exposure. Seeds of sunflower were germinated in lead contaminated soils and untreated plants were used as control. Twenty differentially expressed fragments were identified and characterized. The fragments were classified according to their expression levels. The significance of the function of the identified differentially expressed genes was discussed in relation to their possible roles as stress genes. Two fragments showed no significant homology with any database sequences in the GenBank. Results of the database sequence alignment identified two fragments showed homology to unclassified and unknown genes; two cDNA fragments show homology with salinity responsive genes, three fragments showed homology with drought responsive genes, one fragment showed homology with cold responsive gene, one fragment showed homology with oxidative responsive gene and one fragment showed homology with biotic stress resistance gene. More importantly, a fragment had significant homology with EST of Glycine max similar to serine/threonine-protein kinase gene, a fragment showed significant homology with EST of Arabidopsis thaliana putative anion transporter 2 (ANTR2) mRNA, a fragment had significant homology with EST of Helianthus annuus delta-12 oleate desaturase (FAD2- 2) gene, a fragment showed significant homology with EST of Dianthus caryophyllus putative MtN3-like protein mRNA, two fragments showed significant homology with EST for NADH dehydrogenase chain 3 (nad3) genes, a fragment had significant homology with EST from Volvox sp. similar to cytochrome oxidase subunit 1(CoxI) and a fragment showed significant homology with EST23 of Medicago truncatula MLP-like protein. These results implicate that several pathways are involved in the plant's response to Pb exposure which still needs to be elucidated further.","PeriodicalId":31811,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology","volume":"46 1","pages":"75-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68483153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Fahmy, K. E. Mangoury, Walaa Abou El-Wafa, Hoda M. S. Barakat, S. E. El-Khodary, J. Li, S. Muthukrishnan
AtNPR1 gene plays a crucial role in biotic resistance in plants. Immature embryo derived calli of wheat cv. Giza 164 were co-transformed with the plasmid pAHC25 containing bar and gus genes and the plasmid pJS406 containing AtNPR1 gene via Biolistic bombardment. The produced calli were subcultured on bialaphos containing medium (CIMB). Surviving calli were then regenerated on selection medium (MSRB) to produce green regenerated shoots, which were then transferred onto rooting/selection medium (FMSB). Regenerated rooted plantlets were transferred to soil pots in the control growth chamber for acclimatization. Only 48 plants succeeded in acclimatization and reached seed setting in biocontainment greenhouse. Transgene integration was confirmed by PCR and dot-blot analyses. The overall transformation frequency was 1.9%.
{"title":"TRANSGENIC EGYPTIAN WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) WITH Arabidopsis NPR1 GENE via BIOLISTIC BOMBARDMENT","authors":"A. Fahmy, K. E. Mangoury, Walaa Abou El-Wafa, Hoda M. S. Barakat, S. E. El-Khodary, J. Li, S. Muthukrishnan","doi":"10.21608/EJGC.2018.9495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJGC.2018.9495","url":null,"abstract":"AtNPR1 gene plays a crucial role in biotic resistance in plants. Immature embryo derived calli of wheat cv. Giza 164 were co-transformed with the plasmid pAHC25 containing bar and gus genes and the plasmid pJS406 containing AtNPR1 gene via Biolistic bombardment. The produced calli were subcultured on bialaphos containing medium (CIMB). Surviving calli were then regenerated on selection medium (MSRB) to produce green regenerated shoots, which were then transferred onto rooting/selection medium (FMSB). Regenerated rooted plantlets were transferred to soil pots in the control growth chamber for acclimatization. Only 48 plants succeeded in acclimatization and reached seed setting in biocontainment greenhouse. Transgene integration was confirmed by PCR and dot-blot analyses. The overall transformation frequency was 1.9%.","PeriodicalId":31811,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology","volume":"46 1","pages":"19-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68482261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study is devoted to physical, biochemical and genetical investigations of three halophytic plants Salsola baryosma (Romy and Schult), Tragnum nudatum (Delile), and Nitraria retusa (Forssk.) from Khiran area to their three different environment (site 1) in front of Al Wataniyah Chalet Resort, (site 2) Behind Al Wataniyah Chalet Resort and (site 3) 5 Km. away from Al Wataniyah Chalet Resort) in Kuwait state. Abiotic and biotic factors of the study area are defined through soils and plant studies. Aerial parts of three plants were collected from three different sites of Kuwiat state. The elemental composition of leaves and stems reveals the macronutrients, micronutrients and heavy metals contents and the plant is not polluted, reflecting the safe environment. With regard to the biochemical components of the aerial parts, the moisture content varies within narrow limits is higher in leaves of plants Nitraria retusa, Tragnum nudatum and Salsola baryosma which grown in sites (3, 2 and 1), also in the stems of plants which grown in sites (3, 1 and 2), respectively. Also, ash content is relatively higher in leaves relative to stems. Moreover, total carbohydrates and total protein are quite higher in leaves relative to stems Nitraria retusa, Tragnum nudatum and Salsola baryosma in plants which grown in sites (3, 2 and 1), respectively. Total lipids are almost the same for stems and leaves and crude fiber is much higher in total amino acids in both leaves and stems, the acidic ones (aspartic and glutamic) are the most predominant while the least abundant are the cyclic and basic (tyrosine and histidine). Physiological and biochemical researches have shown that salt tolerance depend on a range of adaptations embracing many aspects of plant physiology one of these includes the compartmentation of ions. The (rbcL) species identification sequences reveled that Salsola is a genus of the subfamily Salsoloideae in the family (Amaranthaceae) or family (Chenopodiaceae) .That might be due to the in sufficient rbcL similar sequences of two plant species (Salsola baryosma, Tragnum nudatum) in the GenBank database, or the rbcL marker is the most suitable to be applied for the DNA barcoding for such families. However, the results revealed that, Nitraria is a genus of the family Nitrariaceae and Nitraria retusa is a spp.
{"title":"PHYSIOLOGICAL AND GENETICAL VARIABILITY AMONG SOME PLANTS UNDER DIFFERENT SALINITY CONDITIONS IN KUWAIT","authors":"Fayka M. El Gaaly","doi":"10.21608/EJGC.2018.9513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJGC.2018.9513","url":null,"abstract":"The present study is devoted to physical, biochemical and genetical investigations of three halophytic plants Salsola baryosma (Romy and Schult), Tragnum nudatum (Delile), and Nitraria retusa (Forssk.) from Khiran area to their three different environment (site 1) in front of Al Wataniyah Chalet Resort, (site 2) Behind Al Wataniyah Chalet Resort and (site 3) 5 Km. away from Al Wataniyah Chalet Resort) in Kuwait state. Abiotic and biotic factors of the study area are defined through soils and plant studies. Aerial parts of three plants were collected from three different sites of Kuwiat state. The elemental composition of leaves and stems reveals the macronutrients, micronutrients and heavy metals contents and the plant is not polluted, reflecting the safe environment. With regard to the biochemical components of the aerial parts, the moisture content varies within narrow limits is higher in leaves of plants Nitraria retusa, Tragnum nudatum and Salsola baryosma which grown in sites (3, 2 and 1), also in the stems of plants which grown in sites (3, 1 and 2), respectively. Also, ash content is relatively higher in leaves relative to stems. Moreover, total carbohydrates and total protein are quite higher in leaves relative to stems Nitraria retusa, Tragnum nudatum and Salsola baryosma in plants which grown in sites (3, 2 and 1), respectively. Total lipids are almost the same for stems and leaves and crude fiber is much higher in total amino acids in both leaves and stems, the acidic ones (aspartic and glutamic) are the most predominant while the least abundant are the cyclic and basic (tyrosine and histidine). Physiological and biochemical researches have shown that salt tolerance depend on a range of adaptations embracing many aspects of plant physiology one of these includes the compartmentation of ions. The (rbcL) species identification sequences reveled that Salsola is a genus of the subfamily Salsoloideae in the family (Amaranthaceae) or family (Chenopodiaceae) .That might be due to the in sufficient rbcL similar sequences of two plant species (Salsola baryosma, Tragnum nudatum) in the GenBank database, or the rbcL marker is the most suitable to be applied for the DNA barcoding for such families. However, the results revealed that, Nitraria is a genus of the family Nitrariaceae and Nitraria retusa is a spp.","PeriodicalId":31811,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology","volume":"46 1","pages":"191-220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68483264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.21608/RJAB.2017.57656
Khalil A. Elhalfawy, A. Daif, O. Shaalan
Beta-thalassemia is one of most common autosomal recessive disorders worldwide. Populations in the Middle- East, Mediterranean region, Central Asia, Indian and Far East countries show high prevalence for thalassemia. It is also relatively common in populations of African descent. The highest incidences are reported in Cyprus, Sardinia, and South East Asia. In Egypt, the genetic information concerning the molecular defects in β- thalassemia has not yet been fully investigated. The current study aims to detect the most common β-globin gene mutations in Egypt among β-thalassemic patients by using PCR and reverse hybridization method in an attempt to estimate the incidence of β-thalassemia mutations, a step in an assessment strategy of β-thalassemia management. Thirty seven confirmed β- thalassemia Egyptian patients were included in this study (twenty three males and fourteen females, seventeen thalassemia major and twenty thalassemia intermediate patients). Nine β-globin mutations were found in this study. IVS 1-110 was represented by 34% of the studied alleles while IVS 1-6 was represented by 23.5%, IVS 1-1 was represented by 19%, Codon 27 was represented by 6.5%, IVS 2-848 was represented by 6.5%, IVS 2-745 was represented by 2.1%, IVS 2.1 was represented by 2.5%, Codon 39 was represented by 4% and IVS 1.5 was represented by 1.5%. β-globin mutation (IVS 1- 110[G>A]) was found to be the most common homozygous mutation while, β- globin mutation (IVS 1-110[G>A]/ IVS 1- 6[T>C]) was found to be the most common heterozygous mutation. β-globin mutations (IVS 1-110[G>A], IVS 1-6[T>C] and IVS 1-1[G>A]) were found in 76% of allelic mutations. . In conclusion, establishment of β-thalassemia mutations data base may be a step in managing the diseases by carrier detection, prenatal diagnosis in high risk families, and thus can provide a tool in the prevention strategy of β-thalassemia
{"title":"DETECTION OF COMMON BETA THALASSEMIA MUTATIONS AMONG EGYPTIAN PATIENTS","authors":"Khalil A. Elhalfawy, A. Daif, O. Shaalan","doi":"10.21608/RJAB.2017.57656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/RJAB.2017.57656","url":null,"abstract":"Beta-thalassemia is one of most common autosomal recessive disorders worldwide. Populations in the Middle- East, Mediterranean region, Central Asia, Indian and Far East countries show high prevalence for thalassemia. It is also relatively common in populations of African descent. The highest incidences are reported in Cyprus, Sardinia, and South East Asia. In Egypt, the genetic information concerning the molecular defects in β- thalassemia has not yet been fully investigated. The current study aims to detect the most common β-globin gene mutations in Egypt among β-thalassemic patients by using PCR and reverse hybridization method in an attempt to estimate the incidence of β-thalassemia mutations, a step in an assessment strategy of β-thalassemia management. Thirty seven confirmed β- thalassemia Egyptian patients were included in this study (twenty three males and fourteen females, seventeen thalassemia major and twenty thalassemia intermediate patients). Nine β-globin mutations were found in this study. IVS 1-110 was represented by 34% of the studied alleles while IVS 1-6 was represented by 23.5%, IVS 1-1 was represented by 19%, Codon 27 was represented by 6.5%, IVS 2-848 was represented by 6.5%, IVS 2-745 was represented by 2.1%, IVS 2.1 was represented by 2.5%, Codon 39 was represented by 4% and IVS 1.5 was represented by 1.5%. β-globin mutation (IVS 1- 110[G>A]) was found to be the most common homozygous mutation while, β- globin mutation (IVS 1-110[G>A]/ IVS 1- 6[T>C]) was found to be the most common heterozygous mutation. β-globin mutations (IVS 1-110[G>A], IVS 1-6[T>C] and IVS 1-1[G>A]) were found in 76% of allelic mutations. . In conclusion, establishment of β-thalassemia mutations data base may be a step in managing the diseases by carrier detection, prenatal diagnosis in high risk families, and thus can provide a tool in the prevention strategy of β-thalassemia","PeriodicalId":31811,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology","volume":"46 1","pages":"69-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68554046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the present study, genetic variations among the Red palm weevil (RPW) Rhychophorus ferrugineus collected from three different regions of Egypt were studied using random amplified polymorphic DNA marker (RAPD) and partial sequence of mitochondrial Cytochrome c subunit 1 gene (CO1). RAPD analysis was carried out using ten oligonucleotides primers. The number of reproducible bands per primer varied between 5 and 16 bands with a total of 120 bands. From the 120 bands, 82 (68.33%) were polymorphic and 38 bands (31.67%) were monomorphic. The used primers generated 42 unique bands (RAPD markers). Genetic similarity recorded among the three populations under investigation on the base of their banding patterns in RAPD indicated that there is no relation between the genetic similarity and the geographical region. PCR product for amplification of CO1 gene gave a single band of about 1200 bp. The nucleotide composition was 58% of A-T and 42% of G-C for the partial sequence of CO1 gene (340 nt). In Neighbor-Joining tree between Egyptian and GenBank CO1 sequences, the three Egyptian populations of RPW CO1 haplo-types were clustered together and were very close to H17 haplotype. According to RAPD analysis, unique markers may be used to produce genetic markers that can distinguish between the geographic populations of RPW. Also, the results of the present study and compared with the previous studies, indicated that there may be more than one mitochondrial CO1 haplotype in Egypt. These results suggested that RPW may be introduced from the same or different origins.
{"title":"GENETIC VARIATIONS AMONG THE RED PALM WEEVIL Rhynchophorus ferrugineus POPULATIONS COLLECTED FROM EGYPT","authors":"M. Hashem","doi":"10.21608/EJGC.2016.9593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJGC.2016.9593","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, genetic variations among the Red palm weevil (RPW) Rhychophorus ferrugineus collected from three different regions of Egypt were studied using random amplified polymorphic DNA marker (RAPD) and partial sequence of mitochondrial Cytochrome c subunit 1 gene (CO1). RAPD analysis was carried out using ten oligonucleotides primers. The number of reproducible bands per primer varied between 5 and 16 bands with a total of 120 bands. From the 120 bands, 82 (68.33%) were polymorphic and 38 bands (31.67%) were monomorphic. The used primers generated 42 unique bands (RAPD markers). Genetic similarity recorded among the three populations under investigation on the base of their banding patterns in RAPD indicated that there is no relation between the genetic similarity and the geographical region. PCR product for amplification of CO1 gene gave a single band of about 1200 bp. The nucleotide composition was 58% of A-T and 42% of G-C for the partial sequence of CO1 gene (340 nt). In Neighbor-Joining tree between Egyptian and GenBank CO1 sequences, the three Egyptian populations of RPW CO1 haplo-types were clustered together and were very close to H17 haplotype. According to RAPD analysis, unique markers may be used to produce genetic markers that can distinguish between the geographic populations of RPW. Also, the results of the present study and compared with the previous studies, indicated that there may be more than one mitochondrial CO1 haplotype in Egypt. These results suggested that RPW may be introduced from the same or different origins.","PeriodicalId":31811,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology","volume":"45 1","pages":"33-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68481205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Two native goat populations present in El-Farafra and Siwa oases, located in the Western Desert of Egypt were geno-typed using ten microsatellite molecular markers (SSR). Blood samples taken from a total of 34 individual goats, 14 from Farafra and 20 from Siwa, were subjected to DNA extraction and subsequently to SSR-PCR amplification. The number of alleles ranged from two for MAF70 marker to seven for OarFCB48 and SRCRSP8 loci, the average number per population for Farafra goats was 3.0 and 3.4 for Siwa goats with a total number of a 42 alleles for both populations. The mean observed heterozygosity (Ho) and expected heterozygosity (HE) for both populations varied from 0.21 to 0.24 and 0.56 to 0.59, respectively. Fixation indices revealed a 0.7063 variation referring to differences among individuals versus total variance (Fit). While, among populations differences versus total variance had a lower fixation index (Fst = 0.2371) indicating low level of genetic differentiation between Farafra and Siwa populations. A pair wise difference between Farafra and Siwa goat populations was (0.6151) based on among breeds F index (Fis).The highest PIC was observed for SRCRSP8 microsatellite marker (0.791) and the lowest PIC was 0.375 for SRCRSP23. The average PIC of the ten markers was 0.530 and 0.570 for Farafra and Siwa goat populations, respectively, which indicated that the ten microsatellite markers contained highly polymorphic loci in both Egyptian goat populations. In the genetic diversity analysis, microsatellite markers with PIC>0.7 were taken as the most ideal selected markers. From the selected microsatellite markers in the present study, the PIC of OarFCB48 and SRCRSP8 (Siwa) exceeded 0.7 which indicated that these loci could be used as genetic markers for genetic diversity analysis of Siwa goat population. The markers generated by OarFCB48 and SRCRSP8 loci could be utilized in marker assisted selection (MAS) to improve the performance of Egyptian goat populations.
{"title":"MICROSATELLITE MARKERS POLYMORPHISM BETWEEN TWO EGYPTIAN GOAT POPULATIONS (Capra hircus)","authors":"M. El-Sayed, A. Al-Soudy, A. E. Badawy","doi":"10.21608/EJGC.2016.9699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJGC.2016.9699","url":null,"abstract":"Two native goat populations present in El-Farafra and Siwa oases, located in the Western Desert of Egypt were geno-typed using ten microsatellite molecular markers (SSR). Blood samples taken from a total of 34 individual goats, 14 from Farafra and 20 from Siwa, were subjected to DNA extraction and subsequently to SSR-PCR amplification. The number of alleles ranged from two for MAF70 marker to seven for OarFCB48 and SRCRSP8 loci, the average number per population for Farafra goats was 3.0 and 3.4 for Siwa goats with a total number of a 42 alleles for both populations. The mean observed heterozygosity (Ho) and expected heterozygosity (HE) for both populations varied from 0.21 to 0.24 and 0.56 to 0.59, respectively. Fixation indices revealed a 0.7063 variation referring to differences among individuals versus total variance (Fit). While, among populations differences versus total variance had a lower fixation index (Fst = 0.2371) indicating low level of genetic differentiation between Farafra and Siwa populations. A pair wise difference between Farafra and Siwa goat populations was (0.6151) based on among breeds F index (Fis).The highest PIC was observed for SRCRSP8 microsatellite marker (0.791) and the lowest PIC was 0.375 for SRCRSP23. The average PIC of the ten markers was 0.530 and 0.570 for Farafra and Siwa goat populations, respectively, which indicated that the ten microsatellite markers contained highly polymorphic loci in both Egyptian goat populations. In the genetic diversity analysis, microsatellite markers with PIC>0.7 were taken as the most ideal selected markers. From the selected microsatellite markers in the present study, the PIC of OarFCB48 and SRCRSP8 (Siwa) exceeded 0.7 which indicated that these loci could be used as genetic markers for genetic diversity analysis of Siwa goat population. The markers generated by OarFCB48 and SRCRSP8 loci could be utilized in marker assisted selection (MAS) to improve the performance of Egyptian goat populations.","PeriodicalId":31811,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology","volume":"45 1","pages":"89-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68481608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is considered as one of the oldest cultivated trees in the world. Six elite mango cultivars namely, Alphonse, Ewais, Hindi khassa, Keitt, Langra and Zebda were screened using Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) genetic markers with ten random primers (12 - mer) of arbitrary sequence. The obtained results showed that, the six tested mango cultivars in this study were varied at the DNA level. A total number of 130 fragments were visualized among the investigated cultivars, including 125 polymorphic fragments. Number of produced fragments were ranged from six (A1 primer) to 18 (A9 primer) among the six cultivars. Polymorphism levels were differed from one primer to the other. The ten primers showed 83 specific molecular markers which discriminated each cultivar from the others. The highest similarity index (0.600) was recorded between Ewais and Hindi khassa cultivars, while the lowest similarity index (0.220) was observed between Ewais and Langra cultivars.
{"title":"GENETIC RELATIONSHIPS AMONG SIX MANGO (Mangifera indica L.) CULTIVARS USING RAPD MARKERS","authors":"M. Rashed, M. Maklad","doi":"10.21608/EJGC.2016.9700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJGC.2016.9700","url":null,"abstract":"Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is considered as one of the oldest cultivated trees in the world. Six elite mango cultivars namely, Alphonse, Ewais, Hindi khassa, Keitt, Langra and Zebda were screened using Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) genetic markers with ten random primers (12 - mer) of arbitrary sequence. The obtained results showed that, the six tested mango cultivars in this study were varied at the DNA level. A total number of 130 fragments were visualized among the investigated cultivars, including 125 polymorphic fragments. Number of produced fragments were ranged from six (A1 primer) to 18 (A9 primer) among the six cultivars. Polymorphism levels were differed from one primer to the other. The ten primers showed 83 specific molecular markers which discriminated each cultivar from the others. The highest similarity index (0.600) was recorded between Ewais and Hindi khassa cultivars, while the lowest similarity index (0.220) was observed between Ewais and Langra cultivars.","PeriodicalId":31811,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology","volume":"45 1","pages":"105-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68481679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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