In order to assess genetic diversity among ten homozygous lines of Canola, eight RAPD and five ISSR primers as well as two various combinations of Triple-RAPD were successful in generating reproducible and reliable amplicons. A total of 115 amplicons were amplified using all molecular marker techniques applied in this study, 59 (51.3%) of them were polymorphic of which 21 (18.3%) were unique markers. ISSR technique was the best in terms of the average resolving power Rp (13.6) and number of marker amplicons/PCR reaction (1.8). From all of the targeted microsatellites by ISSRs, the repetitive motif (GA)n was more frequent from all repetitive motifs targeted by the other ISSR primers. Highly significant positive correlations were found for molecular distance among all of these molecular marker techniques and combined data, which indicates the reliability of the combined data for molecular distances in accurate assessment for genetic diversity and identifying the genetic relationships between all studied homozygous lines in canola. Accordingly, Cluster analysis and Principal Coordinate (PCo) analysis based on combined data were used for indicating degree of similarity which was high between all the studied homozygous lines. Moreover, PCo analysis have managed to divide these lines into four groups indicating that PCo analysis was succeeded in assessment of genetic diversity and description of heterogeneity within studied lines. On the other hand, the genetic fingerprint for all homozygous lines of canola was performed as DNA-Profile diagram, showing that the amplicons per homozygous line were differentiated for each other with average of 93.3 amplicons and with an appropriate number of diverse molecular markers, indicating that DNA-Profile also is a useful tool for molecular identification. Based on that, these techniques have the potential to identify specific markers for homozygous lines of canola, which indicates the possibility of using these markers as reliable resources for breeding and improvement of canola.
{"title":"MOLECULAR ASSESSMENT OF GENETIC DIVERSITY IN SOME CANOLA HOMOZYGOUS LINES","authors":"M. A. El-Aziz, R. Habiba","doi":"10.21608/EJGC.2016.9702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJGC.2016.9702","url":null,"abstract":"In order to assess genetic diversity among ten homozygous lines of Canola, eight RAPD and five ISSR primers as well as two various combinations of Triple-RAPD were successful in generating reproducible and reliable amplicons. A total of 115 amplicons were amplified using all molecular marker techniques applied in this study, 59 (51.3%) of them were polymorphic of which 21 (18.3%) were unique markers. ISSR technique was the best in terms of the average resolving power Rp (13.6) and number of marker amplicons/PCR reaction (1.8). From all of the targeted microsatellites by ISSRs, the repetitive motif (GA)n was more frequent from all repetitive motifs targeted by the other ISSR primers. Highly significant positive correlations were found for molecular distance among all of these molecular marker techniques and combined data, which indicates the reliability of the combined data for molecular distances in accurate assessment for genetic diversity and identifying the genetic relationships between all studied homozygous lines in canola. Accordingly, Cluster analysis and Principal Coordinate (PCo) analysis based on combined data were used for indicating degree of similarity which was high between all the studied homozygous lines. Moreover, PCo analysis have managed to divide these lines into four groups indicating that PCo analysis was succeeded in assessment of genetic diversity and description of heterogeneity within studied lines. On the other hand, the genetic fingerprint for all homozygous lines of canola was performed as DNA-Profile diagram, showing that the amplicons per homozygous line were differentiated for each other with average of 93.3 amplicons and with an appropriate number of diverse molecular markers, indicating that DNA-Profile also is a useful tool for molecular identification. Based on that, these techniques have the potential to identify specific markers for homozygous lines of canola, which indicates the possibility of using these markers as reliable resources for breeding and improvement of canola.","PeriodicalId":31811,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology","volume":"45 1","pages":"129-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68481483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL DEVOTED TO GENETICAL AND CYTOLOGICAL SCIENCES","authors":"H. Eissa","doi":"10.21608/ejgc.2016.9592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejgc.2016.9592","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":31811,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology","volume":"45 1","pages":"1-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68481110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With the objective of identifying restorers and maintainers, to identify fertility restoration linked markers that can distinguish cytoplasmic sources and restorer lines, four male sterile and fertile counterparts of Cytoplasmic Male Sterile (CMS) lines and 10 Restorers (R) lines were characterized. Based on spikelet fertility percentages, ten suggested restorer were identified. Giza 182, Giza 178 and Giza 181 were identified as restorers for the CMS lines G46A and D297A. Ten SSR and 12 RAPD markers were used for the identification of the fertility restoration gene in restorer lines. Among ten suggested restorer lines, only three Egyptian rice cultivars, Giza 182, Giza 178 and Giza 181 used in molecular analysis. Two out of ten SSR markers (RM493 and RM510) could differentiate the CMS line, restorer and their hybrids. RM493 produced bands with size of 123, 128 and 126 bp in the restorer cultivars Giza 181, Giza 182 and Giza 178, respectively. Whereas, the SSR marker RM510 produced bands with size of 165, 186 and 162 bp in the restorer cultivars Giza 181, Giza 182 and Giza 178, respectively. These specific markers were found in their corresponding hybrids with CMS line G46A. In addition, two RAPD primers OPK08 and OPK10 produced fertility restoration linked markers with the molecular size of 200 and 690 bp, respectively. These markers were found only in the restorer cultivars and their respective hybrids with the CMS line G46A. The results suggested effective utilization of SSR and RAPD markers in hybrid testing and marker aided heterosis breeding in rice.
{"title":"CHARACTERIZATION OF SOME RICE GENOTYPES FOR FER-TILITY RESTORING GENES USING RAPD AND SSR","authors":"A. El-Banna, I. A. Kattab, M. Farid","doi":"10.21608/EJGC.2015.9715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJGC.2015.9715","url":null,"abstract":"With the objective of identifying restorers and maintainers, to identify fertility restoration linked markers that can distinguish cytoplasmic sources and restorer lines, four male sterile and fertile counterparts of Cytoplasmic Male Sterile (CMS) lines and 10 Restorers (R) lines were characterized. Based on spikelet fertility percentages, ten suggested restorer were identified. Giza 182, Giza 178 and Giza 181 were identified as restorers for the CMS lines G46A and D297A. Ten SSR and 12 RAPD markers were used for the identification of the fertility restoration gene in restorer lines. Among ten suggested restorer lines, only three Egyptian rice cultivars, Giza 182, Giza 178 and Giza 181 used in molecular analysis. Two out of ten SSR markers (RM493 and RM510) could differentiate the CMS line, restorer and their hybrids. RM493 produced bands with size of 123, 128 and 126 bp in the restorer cultivars Giza 181, Giza 182 and Giza 178, respectively. Whereas, the SSR marker RM510 produced bands with size of 165, 186 and 162 bp in the restorer cultivars Giza 181, Giza 182 and Giza 178, respectively. These specific markers were found in their corresponding hybrids with CMS line G46A. In addition, two RAPD primers OPK08 and OPK10 produced fertility restoration linked markers with the molecular size of 200 and 690 bp, respectively. These markers were found only in the restorer cultivars and their respective hybrids with the CMS line G46A. The results suggested effective utilization of SSR and RAPD markers in hybrid testing and marker aided heterosis breeding in rice.","PeriodicalId":31811,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology","volume":"44 1","pages":"253-264"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68480420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present investigation was carried out to study the effect of altitudinal gradients on genetic and phytochemicals contents of three medicinal plant species belong to family Labiatae (Nepeta septemcrenata, Ballota undulata and Teucrium polium) in Saint Katherine Mountain under natural conditions. All analyses were carried out through three different altitudes viz., 1800 m a.s.l., 2200 m a.s.l. and 2600 m a.s.l. for the three species. Phytochemicals such as phenols, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids and saponins were present in the methanolic extracts of aerial parts of three studied plant species but their quantity varied significantly across the different altitudes. The different species under study showed different values of total flavonoids, total phenolic acids, total saponins, total alkaloids and total tannins under the same environmental conditions. Meanwhile the same species exhibited different values of these metabolites under different elevation ranks. In general, total flavonoids and total phenolic acids were strongly increased with the increase of elevation from 1800 m a.s.l. until 2600 m a.s.l., however total saponins, total alkaloids and total tannins were slightly changed. The results are encouraging but scientific validation is necessary before being put into practice. RAPD and ISSR markers were successfully applied to assess the genetic diversity of the three medicinal plant species at the three different altitudes under natural conditions. Each of the five RAPD primers and the five ISSR primers used for analysis amplified different number of fragments. Each of the ten primers yielded from 5 to 12 DNA fragments whose molecular size ranged from approximately 200 to 1890 bp. The total number of amplified was 76 bands with an average of 7.6 fragments / primer and the total number of polymorphic fragments was 64, thus, representing a level of polymorphism of 84%. The highest number of amplified fragments (60) after using all the primers was detected in N. septemcrenata at 2200 m a.s.l with an average of 6 fragments per primer while the lowest number (35) was detected in T. polium at 1800 m a.s.l with an average of 3.5 fragments/primer. The highest similarity value (0.897) was found between B. undulate at 1800 m a.s.l and at 2200 m a.s.l while the lowest value (0.420) was found between B. undulate at 1800 m a.s.l and T. polium at 2200 m a.s.l. The dendrogram separated the three medicinal plant species into two clusters. First cluster included B. undulate and T. polium while second cluster included N. septemcrenata. The dendrogram separated the three different altitudes into two clusters. First cluster included 1800 m a.s.l and 2200 m a.s.l while second cluster included 2600 m a.s.l. Genetic polymorphism, the qualitative and quantitative phytochemical among the species are related to an altitudinal gradient. Assessing of genetic and phytochemical content of plants at varying altitudes can help to select elite genotype and reflect the bes
{"title":"PHYTOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF SOME MEDICINAL PLANTS OF LABIATAE FAMILY GROWING AT DIFFERENT ALTITUDES ON SAINT KATHERINE MOUNTAIN,SOUTH SINAI, EGYPT","authors":"M. Youssef, H. Mahgoub","doi":"10.21608/EJGC.2015.9719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJGC.2015.9719","url":null,"abstract":"The present investigation was carried out to study the effect of altitudinal gradients on genetic and phytochemicals contents of three medicinal plant species belong to family Labiatae (Nepeta septemcrenata, Ballota undulata and Teucrium polium) in Saint Katherine Mountain under natural conditions. All analyses were carried out through three different altitudes viz., 1800 m a.s.l., 2200 m a.s.l. and 2600 m a.s.l. for the three species. Phytochemicals such as phenols, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids and saponins were present in the methanolic extracts of aerial parts of three studied plant species but their quantity varied significantly across the different altitudes. The different species under study showed different values of total flavonoids, total phenolic acids, total saponins, total alkaloids and total tannins under the same environmental conditions. Meanwhile the same species exhibited different values of these metabolites under different elevation ranks. In general, total flavonoids and total phenolic acids were strongly increased with the increase of elevation from 1800 m a.s.l. until 2600 m a.s.l., however total saponins, total alkaloids and total tannins were slightly changed. The results are encouraging but scientific validation is necessary before being put into practice. RAPD and ISSR markers were successfully applied to assess the genetic diversity of the three medicinal plant species at the three different altitudes under natural conditions. Each of the five RAPD primers and the five ISSR primers used for analysis amplified different number of fragments. Each of the ten primers yielded from 5 to 12 DNA fragments whose molecular size ranged from approximately 200 to 1890 bp. The total number of amplified was 76 bands with an average of 7.6 fragments / primer and the total number of polymorphic fragments was 64, thus, representing a level of polymorphism of 84%. The highest number of amplified fragments (60) after using all the primers was detected in N. septemcrenata at 2200 m a.s.l with an average of 6 fragments per primer while the lowest number (35) was detected in T. polium at 1800 m a.s.l with an average of 3.5 fragments/primer. The highest similarity value (0.897) was found between B. undulate at 1800 m a.s.l and at 2200 m a.s.l while the lowest value (0.420) was found between B. undulate at 1800 m a.s.l and T. polium at 2200 m a.s.l. The dendrogram separated the three medicinal plant species into two clusters. First cluster included B. undulate and T. polium while second cluster included N. septemcrenata. The dendrogram separated the three different altitudes into two clusters. First cluster included 1800 m a.s.l and 2200 m a.s.l while second cluster included 2600 m a.s.l. Genetic polymorphism, the qualitative and quantitative phytochemical among the species are related to an altitudinal gradient. Assessing of genetic and phytochemical content of plants at varying altitudes can help to select elite genotype and reflect the bes","PeriodicalId":31811,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology","volume":"44 1","pages":"331-356"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68480055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Abdel-Rahman, M. E. El-denary, M. Ammar, A. Abdelkhalik, A. Draz, S. Dora
High yielding rice genotypes with high N use efficiency is very important for agriculture sustainability. The study aimed to validate QTLs linked to grain yield (GY) and Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE) related-traits using association analysis and single marker analysis in order to identify marker alleles that are associated with target trait under different nitrogen environments. Fifty five rice genotypes were phenotyped for GY and NUE related traits under four different nitrogen treatments (i.e. 0, 20, 40, and 60 Kg N/Fed, respectively). The fifty five rice genotypes were genotyped using four SSR (RM223, RM246, RM242 and RM72) marker linked to QTLs for GY and NUE. Results showed that different degrees of association between the markers fragments and the different traits under the different N-treatments were found. For RM 223, the obtained two fragments (a1 and a2) showed significant and highly significant association with total dry weight (TDW) and (PL) under all N environments. Regarding RM246 marker, b2 and b3 fragments showed highly significant associations with high R2 values with PNUE, NPR and PL traits under all N-treatments. The b2 fragment showed highly significant association with high R2 values for GY, HI and 1000-GW traits. The RM242 fragments (c1 and c2), showed highly significant association with 1000-G and PL traits with high R2 values across the different N-treatments. Regarding the first fragment (c1), R2 values were ranged between 0.13 and 0.23 for 1000-G trait as well as between 0.13 and 0.18 for PL trait, while with c3 fragment, these values were ranged between 0.108 and 0.19 for 1000-G trait and between 0.26 and 0.36 for PL trait. For RM72 marker d1 fragment showed highly significant associations with 1000-GW, PNUE and NPR traits in the different N-treatments, and the R2 values were ranged between (0.21- 0.31), (0.15- 0.19) and (012-016), respectively. On the other hand there were highly significant association between RM72 d3 fragment and GY, NPR and PL with R2 values were ranged between (0.12-0.18), (0.16-0.19) and (0.15-0.26), respectively. These results will assessed in initiating marker-assisted breeding program for NUE and GY traits under low treatments of nitrogen fertilizers.
{"title":"QTL VALIDATION FOR GRAIN YIELD AND NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY UNDER DIFFERENT NITROGEN LEVELS IN RICE","authors":"M. Abdel-Rahman, M. E. El-denary, M. Ammar, A. Abdelkhalik, A. Draz, S. Dora","doi":"10.21608/EJGC.2015.9714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJGC.2015.9714","url":null,"abstract":"High yielding rice genotypes with high N use efficiency is very important for agriculture sustainability. The study aimed to validate QTLs linked to grain yield (GY) and Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE) related-traits using association analysis and single marker analysis in order to identify marker alleles that are associated with target trait under different nitrogen environments. Fifty five rice genotypes were phenotyped for GY and NUE related traits under four different nitrogen treatments (i.e. 0, 20, 40, and 60 Kg N/Fed, respectively). The fifty five rice genotypes were genotyped using four SSR (RM223, RM246, RM242 and RM72) marker linked to QTLs for GY and NUE. Results showed that different degrees of association between the markers fragments and the different traits under the different N-treatments were found. For RM 223, the obtained two fragments (a1 and a2) showed significant and highly significant association with total dry weight (TDW) and (PL) under all N environments. Regarding RM246 marker, b2 and b3 fragments showed highly significant associations with high R2 values with PNUE, NPR and PL traits under all N-treatments. The b2 fragment showed highly significant association with high R2 values for GY, HI and 1000-GW traits. The RM242 fragments (c1 and c2), showed highly significant association with 1000-G and PL traits with high R2 values across the different N-treatments. Regarding the first fragment (c1), R2 values were ranged between 0.13 and 0.23 for 1000-G trait as well as between 0.13 and 0.18 for PL trait, while with c3 fragment, these values were ranged between 0.108 and 0.19 for 1000-G trait and between 0.26 and 0.36 for PL trait. For RM72 marker d1 fragment showed highly significant associations with 1000-GW, PNUE and NPR traits in the different N-treatments, and the R2 values were ranged between (0.21- 0.31), (0.15- 0.19) and (012-016), respectively. On the other hand there were highly significant association between RM72 d3 fragment and GY, NPR and PL with R2 values were ranged between (0.12-0.18), (0.16-0.19) and (0.15-0.26), respectively. These results will assessed in initiating marker-assisted breeding program for NUE and GY traits under low treatments of nitrogen fertilizers.","PeriodicalId":31811,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology","volume":"44 1","pages":"235-251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68480415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Two natural populations of Zaprionus indianus; collected from two different cities in Kafr El-Sheikh governorate, Egypt, were analyzed for esterase variability in comparison with natural population of both of D. melanogaster and D. simulans. Drosophila melanogaster (Oregon-K) was also used as a standard laboratory strain. The electrophoresis results gave an evidence of esterase polymorphisms in the studied populations with 88.89% polymorphism. Phylogenetic analysis based on Jaccard’s similarity coefficient of esterase patterns showed that D. melanogaster and D. simulans populations formed one cluster unit of the melanogaster species group whereas other cluster unit consisted of the two Z. indianus populations.
{"title":"PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIP OF AN INVASIVE DROSOPHILID, Zaprionus indianus AND CLOSELY RELATED SPECIES OF DROSOPHILIDAE (DIPTERA) BASED ON ESTERASE PATTERNS","authors":"M. Megeed, O. Galal, M. Abdel-Razek","doi":"10.21608/EJGC.2015.9716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJGC.2015.9716","url":null,"abstract":"Two natural populations of Zaprionus indianus; collected from two different cities in Kafr El-Sheikh governorate, Egypt, were analyzed for esterase variability in comparison with natural population of both of D. melanogaster and D. simulans. Drosophila melanogaster (Oregon-K) was also used as a standard laboratory strain. The electrophoresis results gave an evidence of esterase polymorphisms in the studied populations with 88.89% polymorphism. Phylogenetic analysis based on Jaccard’s similarity coefficient of esterase patterns showed that D. melanogaster and D. simulans populations formed one cluster unit of the melanogaster species group whereas other cluster unit consisted of the two Z. indianus populations.","PeriodicalId":31811,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology","volume":"44 1","pages":"281-290"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68480430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Information on germplasm variability and relationships among elite materials is fundamentally important in crop improvement. In this study, genetic variability of 11 maize genotypes, three testers [Giza 1, Single cross 10 (S.C.10) and Three ways cross 310 (T.W.C. 310)] and eight selfed inbred lines (S1.19, S1.45, S1.46, S1.50, S1.51, S1.59, S1.61 and S1.64) was tested using ten microsatellite (SSRs) loci distributed on 10 chromosomes of maize, and 50 SRAP marker combinations, regarding the means of dry weight of 100 grains. For the SSRs results, only six markers were polymorphic. A total of 24 alleles were detected among the maize genotypes. At each locus, the number of alleles varied from one to five, with an average of 2.1 alleles. On the basis of the genetic similarity coefficients, the SSRs UPGMA clustering analysis separated the genotypes into two clusters showing four groups. The most unrelated genotypes were S1.19 and S1.61 where they had 0.48 genetic similarities. The PIC ranged from 0.5 to 0.8 with an average of 0.31. The SRAP results gained 37 polymorphic primers combinations with polymorphism average of 53.4%. The most related genotypes were inbred lines S1.50 and S1.45 with genetic similarity of 0.84. The PIC ranged from 0.24 to 0.91 with an average of 0.68. The combined results of both SSRs and SRAP create a dendrogram with three groups.
{"title":"DETECTION OF GENETIC VARIABILITY IN Zea mays INBRED LINES USING SSRs AND SRAP MARKERS","authors":"R. M. A. El-Azeem, M. Hashem, S. Abd-El-Haleem","doi":"10.21608/EJGC.2015.9717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJGC.2015.9717","url":null,"abstract":"Information on germplasm variability and relationships among elite materials is fundamentally important in crop improvement. In this study, genetic variability of 11 maize genotypes, three testers [Giza 1, Single cross 10 (S.C.10) and Three ways cross 310 (T.W.C. 310)] and eight selfed inbred lines (S1.19, S1.45, S1.46, S1.50, S1.51, S1.59, S1.61 and S1.64) was tested using ten microsatellite (SSRs) loci distributed on 10 chromosomes of maize, and 50 SRAP marker combinations, regarding the means of dry weight of 100 grains. For the SSRs results, only six markers were polymorphic. A total of 24 alleles were detected among the maize genotypes. At each locus, the number of alleles varied from one to five, with an average of 2.1 alleles. On the basis of the genetic similarity coefficients, the SSRs UPGMA clustering analysis separated the genotypes into two clusters showing four groups. The most unrelated genotypes were S1.19 and S1.61 where they had 0.48 genetic similarities. The PIC ranged from 0.5 to 0.8 with an average of 0.31. The SRAP results gained 37 polymorphic primers combinations with polymorphism average of 53.4%. The most related genotypes were inbred lines S1.50 and S1.45 with genetic similarity of 0.84. The PIC ranged from 0.24 to 0.91 with an average of 0.68. The combined results of both SSRs and SRAP create a dendrogram with three groups.","PeriodicalId":31811,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology","volume":"44 1","pages":"291-307"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68479972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Citrus L. genus includes several of the most important world’s fruit crops, such as oranges, lemons, limes, mandarins, grapefruits, pummelos and kumquats. In this respect, the present study was to determine the genetic relationship of some Citrus species, including six mandarin, four Clementine and one tangerine cultivars through RAPD and ISSRs based PCR molecular marker. The obtained results showed that, the 11 tested Citrus cultivars were highly similar at the DNA level, and exhibited using the 17 and 10 random primers, 91 and 78 polymorphic bands (20.40% and 25.7%, respectively) in both RAPD and ISSRs molecular markers, respectively. The highest degree of similarity when use RAPD molecular marker was between Balady mandarin and Seedless mandarin (57%) whereas the lowest degree of similarity (40%) between Fedela Clementine and Sunburst mandarin. But the highest degree of similarity between Kara mandarin and Fedela Clementine (51%) whereas the lowest degree of similarity (34%) between Balady mandarin and Sunburst mandarin when use ISSRs technique. In this study some RAPD and ISSRs markers may be linked to some fruiting traits such as beginning of fruit maturity (RAPD primer OPA-16 - 2278 bp and ISSRs primer 844A - 385 bp), peel color (ISSRs primer 17895A - 1178 bp), average no. of seeds per fruit (RAPD primer OPA-10 - 1088 bp) and T.S.S/ acid ratio (RAPD primer OPA-7 - 909 bp). The results from both techniques, showed that the average of polymorphism percentage through the 11 Citrus cultivars was higher using ISSRs than RAPD markers and the phylogenetic relationship was more reliable, indicate that ISSRs molecular marker for fingerprinting, mapping and diversity study of Citrus and its relatives. These results confirmed the usefulness of ISSRs-PCR analysis to detect the genetic variability between cultivars which agreed with who demonstrated that ISSRs markers are a valuable method for detecting genetic variability among rice varieties and for rapidly identifying cultivars.
{"title":"MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION AND GENETIC DIVERSITY OF SOME EGYPTIAN CITRUS CULTIVARS USING RAPD AND ISSRs MARKERS","authors":"Lamyaa M. Sayed, M. Maklad","doi":"10.21608/EJGC.2015.9722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJGC.2015.9722","url":null,"abstract":"Citrus L. genus includes several of the most important world’s fruit crops, such as oranges, lemons, limes, mandarins, grapefruits, pummelos and kumquats. In this respect, the present study was to determine the genetic relationship of some Citrus species, including six mandarin, four Clementine and one tangerine cultivars through RAPD and ISSRs based PCR molecular marker. The obtained results showed that, the 11 tested Citrus cultivars were highly similar at the DNA level, and exhibited using the 17 and 10 random primers, 91 and 78 polymorphic bands (20.40% and 25.7%, respectively) in both RAPD and ISSRs molecular markers, respectively. The highest degree of similarity when use RAPD molecular marker was between Balady mandarin and Seedless mandarin (57%) whereas the lowest degree of similarity (40%) between Fedela Clementine and Sunburst mandarin. But the highest degree of similarity between Kara mandarin and Fedela Clementine (51%) whereas the lowest degree of similarity (34%) between Balady mandarin and Sunburst mandarin when use ISSRs technique. In this study some RAPD and ISSRs markers may be linked to some fruiting traits such as beginning of fruit maturity (RAPD primer OPA-16 - 2278 bp and ISSRs primer 844A - 385 bp), peel color (ISSRs primer 17895A - 1178 bp), average no. of seeds per fruit (RAPD primer OPA-10 - 1088 bp) and T.S.S/ acid ratio (RAPD primer OPA-7 - 909 bp). The results from both techniques, showed that the average of polymorphism percentage through the 11 Citrus cultivars was higher using ISSRs than RAPD markers and the phylogenetic relationship was more reliable, indicate that ISSRs molecular marker for fingerprinting, mapping and diversity study of Citrus and its relatives. These results confirmed the usefulness of ISSRs-PCR analysis to detect the genetic variability between cultivars which agreed with who demonstrated that ISSRs markers are a valuable method for detecting genetic variability among rice varieties and for rapidly identifying cultivars.","PeriodicalId":31811,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology","volume":"44 1","pages":"387-403"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68480130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Five Molecular genetics techniques (RAPD, ISSRs, IRAP, REMAP and RRAP) were used to study the genetic diversity in five yeast strains and six barley cultivars. New two retrotransposon-based primers (ScM1 and ScM2) were designed. RAPD technique represented the highest polymorphism percentages per primer compared with the other four techniques. ISSR primers represented polymorphism percentages more than IRAP primers in yeast, but lower in barley. Both REMAP and RRAP combinations showed similar results either in yeast or barley. Retrotransposon-based techniques (IRAP, RAP and REMAP) showed more number of bands more than those non-retrotransposon (RAPD and ISSRs) based techniques which make them a useful approach as molecular markers.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF GENETIC DIVERSITY IN YEAST AND BARLEY BY RETROTRANSPOSON-BASED MOLECULAR MARKERS","authors":"M. Shehata, Lamyaa M. Sayed, F. Badawy, E. Fahmy","doi":"10.21608/EJGC.2015.9721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJGC.2015.9721","url":null,"abstract":"Five Molecular genetics techniques (RAPD, ISSRs, IRAP, REMAP and RRAP) were used to study the genetic diversity in five yeast strains and six barley cultivars. New two retrotransposon-based primers (ScM1 and ScM2) were designed. RAPD technique represented the highest polymorphism percentages per primer compared with the other four techniques. ISSR primers represented polymorphism percentages more than IRAP primers in yeast, but lower in barley. Both REMAP and RRAP combinations showed similar results either in yeast or barley. Retrotransposon-based techniques (IRAP, RAP and REMAP) showed more number of bands more than those non-retrotransposon (RAPD and ISSRs) based techniques which make them a useful approach as molecular markers.","PeriodicalId":31811,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology","volume":"44 1","pages":"371-385"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68480072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Using genetic markers can aid identifying those animals with the highest values for economically important traits in sheep. The current study was designed to detect the allelic and genotypic polymorphisms of the intron 1 of myostatin gene and to test their associations with carcass traits (slaughtering weight, dressing%, shoulder yield, loin yield, leg yield, total yield, shoulder yield%, loin yield% and leg yield%) in 529 male lambs of New Zealand Romney sheep. The polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformational polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis was used to identify the allelic and genotypic polymorphisms in intron 1 of myostatin gene for 529 males from New Zealand Romney lambs. Associations of the variation in the intron 1 of myostatin gene with carcass traits were determined using the general linear model (GLM) procedure of SAS (2000). The SSCP analysis revealed six SSCP genotypes: AA, AB, AC, BB, BC and CC with frequencies of 0.107, 0.368, 0.100, 0.289, 0.129 and 0.005, respectively, that derived from three identified alleles: A, B and C with frequency 0.34, 0.54 and 0.12, respectively. Myostatin genotype significantly affected (P˂0.05) slaughtering weight and total yield, and highly significant affected (P˂0.001) dressing%, leg yield, shoulder yield%, loin yield% and leg yield%. The presence of A allele in animal genotype was associated with higher leg yield and leg yield%, however, the presence of B allele was associated with higher loin yield and loin yield%. The LSM showed that, lambs with two copies of A allele had the highest dressing%, leg yield, leg yield% and total yield, however, lambs with two copies of B allele had the highest shoulder yield, shoulder yield% and loin yield%. The results presented here give valuable information to select for A and B alleles and against C allele to improve the most important primal cuts of lambs across most production systems.
{"title":"CORRELATION ANALYSIS BETWEEN MYOSTATIN GENE POLYMORPHISMS AND CARCASS TRAITS IN NEW ZEALAND ROMNEY SHEEP","authors":"A. Ibrahim, J. Hickford","doi":"10.21608/EJGC.2015.9705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJGC.2015.9705","url":null,"abstract":"Using genetic markers can aid identifying those animals with the highest values for economically important traits in sheep. The current study was designed to detect the allelic and genotypic polymorphisms of the intron 1 of myostatin gene and to test their associations with carcass traits (slaughtering weight, dressing%, shoulder yield, loin yield, leg yield, total yield, shoulder yield%, loin yield% and leg yield%) in 529 male lambs of New Zealand Romney sheep. The polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformational polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis was used to identify the allelic and genotypic polymorphisms in intron 1 of myostatin gene for 529 males from New Zealand Romney lambs. Associations of the variation in the intron 1 of myostatin gene with carcass traits were determined using the general linear model (GLM) procedure of SAS (2000). The SSCP analysis revealed six SSCP genotypes: AA, AB, AC, BB, BC and CC with frequencies of 0.107, 0.368, 0.100, 0.289, 0.129 and 0.005, respectively, that derived from three identified alleles: A, B and C with frequency 0.34, 0.54 and 0.12, respectively. Myostatin genotype significantly affected (P˂0.05) slaughtering weight and total yield, and highly significant affected (P˂0.001) dressing%, leg yield, shoulder yield%, loin yield% and leg yield%. The presence of A allele in animal genotype was associated with higher leg yield and leg yield%, however, the presence of B allele was associated with higher loin yield and loin yield%. The LSM showed that, lambs with two copies of A allele had the highest dressing%, leg yield, leg yield% and total yield, however, lambs with two copies of B allele had the highest shoulder yield, shoulder yield% and loin yield%. The results presented here give valuable information to select for A and B alleles and against C allele to improve the most important primal cuts of lambs across most production systems.","PeriodicalId":31811,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology","volume":"26 1","pages":"189-204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68480359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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