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Decolorization of dyes from textile wastewater using biochar: a review 生物炭对纺织废水中染料的脱色研究进展
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.32933/actainnovations.37.3
H. Mamane, Shir Altshuler, Elizaveta Sterenzon, V. Vadivel
The textile industry is one of the largest in many low and middle-income countries, especially in Asia, second only to agriculture. Textile wastewater is discharged into the environment due to the lack of affordable and sustainable solutions to adsorb or remove the dye from the water. Biochar is generated by pyrolysis of organic material from plant waste in low-oxygen conditions, and is considered carbon-negative. Biochar for dye adsorption in textile wastewater effluent was proven to be highly effective. However, adsorption efficiency varies with experimental parameters, therefore there is a gap in application especially in small dye houses. Efforts should be made to find innovative and affordable solution to make the textile industry more sustainable, by developing methods for collection and reuse, recycle and upcycle of textile waste, by reducing the consumption of water, energy and chemicals and by developing methods for treatment of the textile wastewater.
纺织业是许多中低收入国家中规模最大的行业之一,尤其是在亚洲,仅次于农业。由于缺乏负担得起的可持续解决方案来吸附或去除水中的染料,纺织废水被排放到环境中。生物炭是在低氧条件下由植物废物中的有机物质热解产生的,被认为是负碳的。生物炭吸附纺织废水中的染料被证明是非常有效的。然而,吸附效率随实验参数的变化而变化,因此在应用方面存在差距,尤其是在小型染料厂。应努力寻找创新和负担得起的解决方案,通过开发纺织废物的收集和再利用、回收和上循环的方法,通过减少水、能源和化学品的消耗,以及通过开发纺织废水的处理方法,使纺织业更具可持续性。
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引用次数: 2
The EU’s farm to fork strategy: missing links for transformation 欧盟从农场到餐桌的战略:转型的缺失环节
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2020-09-30 DOI: 10.32933/actainnovations.36.2
Sinead Mowlds
The Farm-to-Fork strategy, launched in May 2020, is the first attempt at a European-wide approach to food systems of this scale. The strategy sets ambitious targets and aims to create a ‘fair, healthy, and environmentally friendly food system’. Yet, within the bounds of its own regulatory and legislative context (including the Green Deal, the Circular Economy Action Plan and the new Biodiversity Strategy 2030), the strategy falls short of recognising key links in and between the food system. This review posits that the strategy and its targets do not adequately consider the importance of transforming agricultural practices for environmental outcomes; of agricultural practices for nutrition outcomes; nor the links between how we value nutrition along the supply chain, from farm to fork
2020年5月启动的“农场到餐桌”战略是欧洲范围内首次尝试采用这种规模的食品系统。该战略设定了雄心勃勃的目标,旨在创建一个“公平、健康和环保的食品系统”。然而,在其自身的监管和立法背景下(包括绿色协议、循环经济行动计划和新的2030年生物多样性战略),该战略没有认识到粮食系统内部和之间的关键联系。这项审查认为,该战略及其目标没有充分考虑到转变农业做法对环境成果的重要性;促进营养成果的农业实践;也没有我们如何重视从农场到餐桌的供应链中的营养之间的联系
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引用次数: 16
Economic, social and environmental impacts attained by the use of the effluents generated within a small-scale biorefinery concept 利用小规模生物炼制概念产生的废水所产生的经济、社会和环境影响
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2020-09-30 DOI: 10.32933/actainnovations.36.5
Tiago F. Lopes, Rafał M. Łukasik
Biorefineries are emerging as the proper route to defeat climate change and other social, socio-economic and environmental concerns. So far, no residual lignocellulosic biomass-based biorefineries have been yet industrially implemented, mainly due to its economic viability. This article exposes some elements that may help overcome the bottlenecks associated to its social, economic and environmental sustainability: small-scale approaches, biomass valorisation through added-value products and near-zero effluent.
生物精炼厂正在成为应对气候变化以及其他社会、社会经济和环境问题的正确途径。到目前为止,还没有基于残留木质纤维素的生物质生物精炼厂在工业上实施,主要是由于其经济可行性。本文揭示了一些可能有助于克服与社会、经济和环境可持续性相关的瓶颈的因素:小规模方法、通过增值产品实现生物质价值增值和接近零排放。
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引用次数: 8
The possibility of using waste materials as raw materials for the production of geopolymers 利用废料作为生产地聚合物原料的可能性
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2020-09-30 DOI: 10.32933/actainnovations.36.4
B. Figiela, K. Korniejenko
This article shows the possibility of using industrial and mining waste for creating new eco-friendly materials – geopolymers. The main objective of the article is to analyze the possibilities of using new composite received from waste materials from mining industry in practical applications, especially in construction industry. The article presents benefits and potential threats for using wastes for production of geopolymers from gangue, waste from iron processing, waste from copper mining and processing, waste from chromium processing and so-called red mud from aluminum production. Research methods applied in the article are: critical analysis of literature sources, including comparison new material with other materials used in similar applications.
这篇文章展示了利用工业和采矿废物创造新的环保材料——地质聚合物的可能性。本文的主要目的是分析从采矿业废料中获得的新型复合材料在实际应用中的可能性,特别是在建筑业中。本文介绍了利用矸石、铁加工废料、铜矿开采和加工废料、铬加工废料和铝生产的所谓赤泥生产地质聚合物的好处和潜在威胁。本文采用的研究方法是:对文献来源进行批判性分析,包括将新材料与类似应用中使用的其他材料进行比较。
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引用次数: 9
Influence of microwave treatment on quality parameters of snacks food. Impact issuees 微波处理对休闲食品质量参数的影响。影响发布者
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2020-09-30 DOI: 10.32933/actainnovations.36.6
Anna Goszkiewicz, E. Kochańska, K. Korczak, V. Potapov, S. Prasol
The following publication presents results of the research on a new, innovative, mild technology of food processing with microwaves technology in order to develop novel food in the form of “on the go” healthy snacks. Different aspects of microwave treatment technologies within the context of physical model of electromagnetic field interaction with a food product, marketing and energy aspects were considered. Furthermore, comparison of sensory quality of conventionally and microwave treated nuts was shown, which is a key feature of nuts, seeds and dried fruits for most consumers. A comparative LCA analysis of convectional and microwave roasting was performed as well.
以下出版物介绍了一种新的、创新的、温和的微波食品加工技术的研究结果,以开发出“即时”健康零食形式的新型食品。在电磁场与食品相互作用的物理模型、营销和能源方面的背景下,考虑了微波处理技术的不同方面。此外,还对传统处理和微波处理的坚果的感官质量进行了比较,这是大多数消费者坚果、种子和干果的一个关键特征。对对流焙烧和微波焙烧进行了LCA比较分析。
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引用次数: 0
A paradigm shift in sustainability: from lines to circles 可持续发展的范式转变:从线条到圆圈
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2020-09-30 DOI: 10.32933/actainnovations.36.1
P. Morone, Gulsah Yilan
The concept of sustainability is attracting great attention as societies become increasingly aware of the environmental consequences of their actions. One of the most critical challenges that humankind is facing is the scarcity of resources, which are expected to reach their limits in the foreseeable future. Associated with this, there is increasing waste generated as a consequence of rapid growth in the world population (particularly in urban areas) and a parallel rise in global income. To cope with these problems, a linear strategy has been applied to increase efficiency by reducing the use of materials and energy in order to lessen environmental impacts. However, this cradle to grave approach has proven inadequate, due to a lack of attention to several economic and social aspects. A paradigm shift is thus required to re-think and innovate processes (as early as in the design phase) in such a way that materials and energy are used more effectively within a closed-loop system. This strategy, known as the cradle to cradle approach, relies on the assumption that everything is a resource for something else since no waste is ever generated in nature. In line with the cradle to cradle approach, the bio-inspired circular economy concept aims at eco-effectiveness, rather than eco-efficiency. While the circular economy has neither a confirmed definition nor a standardized methodology, it nonetheless carries significant importance, since it “is restorative and regenerative by design and aims to keep products, components, and materials at their highest utility and value at all times, distinguishing between technical and biological cycles,” in accordance with the goals of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Despite some controversial opinions that “circles are not spirals, and for growth to occur, spirals with ever-increasing radii are required,” the circular economy concept is taking a central role in the sustainable development debate and, for this reason, deserves attention. The aim of this paper is to shed light on this debate, pointing out the main features of the emerging circular paradigm along with sustainability transition theories and circularity evaluation tools.
随着社会越来越意识到其行动对环境的影响,可持续性的概念正引起人们的极大关注。人类面临的最严峻挑战之一是资源稀缺,预计在可预见的未来,资源将达到极限。与此相关的是,由于世界人口(特别是城市地区)的快速增长和全球收入的同时增长,产生的废物越来越多。为了解决这些问题,采用了线性策略,通过减少材料和能源的使用来提高效率,以减少对环境的影响。然而,由于缺乏对几个经济和社会方面的关注,这种从摇篮到坟墓的方法已被证明是不够的。因此,需要进行范式转换,以重新思考和创新流程(早在设计阶段),从而在闭环系统中更有效地使用材料和能源。这种被称为“从摇篮到摇篮”的策略,依赖于这样一种假设,即一切都是其他东西的资源,因为自然界中从来没有产生过废物。根据从摇篮到摇篮的方法,以生物为灵感的循环经济概念旨在实现生态效益,而不是生态效率。尽管循环经济既没有明确的定义,也没有标准化的方法,但它仍然具有重要意义,因为它“在设计上具有恢复性和再生性,旨在根据《2030年可持续发展议程》的目标,在任何时候保持产品、组件和材料的最高效用和价值,区分技术周期和生物周期”。尽管有一些有争议的观点认为“圆圈不是螺旋,要实现增长,就需要半径不断增加的螺旋”,但循环经济概念在可持续发展辩论中发挥着核心作用,因此值得关注。本文的目的是阐明这场辩论,指出新兴循环范式的主要特征,以及可持续性转变理论和循环性评估工具。
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引用次数: 34
Water-paraffin dispersion systems: manufacturing and application 水石蜡分散体系的制造与应用
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2020-09-30 DOI: 10.32933/actainnovations.36.3
Alla Yovchenko, Sergii Bespalko, O. Tryhub, S. Poliakov, G. Baret, A. M. Miranda
The paper presents the study results of the stability and heat storage capacity of paraffin-in-water phase change suspensions (PCSs) obtained by the homogenization of paraffin and water in the developed rotary hydrodynamic homogenizer. The optimal concentration of components for obtaining stable paraffin-in-water suspensions is found. It is shown that the stable PCSs in the form of pastes, gels, and liquids can be obtained depending on the concentration of water, paraffin, and the surface active agent (SAA) as well as its type.In addition, the scheme of the solar heating system with the heat storage tank where the PCS functions both as the heat transfer fluid and the heat storage media is presented. It is shown that the use of PCS in the domestic solar heating system allowed the heat storage capacity of the storage tank to be increased by 25% as a result of the high fusion heat of paraffin and the high value of the water specific heat capacity. The estimation of the saving rate from applying fluid PCS as a heat storage medium is also presented and discussed.
本文介绍了在研制的旋转式流体动力均质器中对石蜡和水进行均质后得到的水相变悬浮液(PCS)中石蜡的稳定性和储热能力的研究结果。找到了在水悬浮液中获得稳定石蜡的最佳组分浓度。研究表明,根据水、石蜡和表面活性剂(SAA)的浓度及其类型,可以获得糊状、凝胶和液体形式的稳定PCS。此外,还提出了带有储热箱的太阳能供暖系统的方案,其中PCS既起传热流体的作用,又起储热介质的作用。结果表明,在家用太阳能供暖系统中使用PCS,由于石蜡的高熔融热和水比热容的高值,使储罐的储热容量增加了25%。还提出并讨论了应用流体PCS作为储热介质的节能率的估计。
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引用次数: 0
Past, present and future of thermal gasification of biomass and waste 生物质和废物热气化的过去、现在和未来
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.32933/actainnovations.35.1
J. Hrbek
The thermal gasification has been used for nearly 200 years. At the beginning coal or peat were used as a feedstock to produce gas for cooking and lighting. Nowadays, the coal gasification is still actual, anyway, in times without fossils the biomass and waste gasification becomes more important.In this paper, the past, present and future of the biomass and waste gasification (BWG) is discussed. The current status of BWG in Austria, Denmark, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Sweden and USA is detailed described and the future potential of the technology is outlined.
热气化技术已有近200年的历史。起初,煤或泥炭被用作原料,产生用于烹饪和照明的气体。如今,煤炭气化仍然是现实的,无论如何,在没有化石的时代,生物质和废物气化变得更加重要。本文论述了生物质与废弃物气化(BWG)的过去、现在和未来。详细描述了BWG在奥地利、丹麦、德国、意大利、荷兰、瑞典和美国的现状,并概述了该技术的未来潜力。
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引用次数: 6
Model and technology for prioritizing the implementation end-to-end business processes components of the green economy 为实现绿色经济的端到端业务流程组件确定优先级的模型和技术
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2020-05-04 DOI: 10.32933/actainnovations.35.5
Serhii Сhalyi, I. Levykin, Igor Guryev
The problem of sustainable development of production is directly related to the three components of the "green economy" - economic, social, and environmental. Their harmonious combination makes it possible to obtain results that improve the social relations of both producers and consumers of goods and services. The implementation of the components of the "green economy" is carried out by various projects. The projects are carried out by irregular end-to-end business processes that compete for common resources in the process of their implementation. The impact on the components of the "green economy" is realized by the proposed model and technology. For this purpose, the software tool was developed. The use of this tool by the decision-maker employee allows them to find the best solutions for process management. The solution is represented as priorities to access to shared resources by each process. This ensures their fulfillment within the deadlines established by the contracts. The level of innovations, economic indicators, production stability and competitive ability of products in a dynamically changing market is thereby improved. The results of such commercialization of scientific research have an impact on all components of the "green economy".
生产的可持续发展问题直接关系到“绿色经济”的三个组成部分——经济、社会和环境。它们的和谐结合使改善商品和服务的生产者和消费者的社会关系成为可能。“绿色经济”各组成部分的实施是通过各种项目进行的。这些项目是由不规则的端到端业务流程执行的,这些流程在实施过程中争夺共同资源。所提出的模型和技术实现了对“绿色经济”各组成部分的影响。为此,开发了该软件工具。决策者员工使用该工具可以找到流程管理的最佳解决方案。解决方案表示为每个进程访问共享资源的优先级。这确保了他们在合同规定的最后期限内完成。从而提高了产品在动态变化的市场中的创新水平、经济指标、生产稳定性和竞争力。这种科学研究商业化的结果对“绿色经济”的所有组成部分都有影响。
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引用次数: 2
Eco-management of organizations within the green economy system 绿色经济体系内组织的生态管理
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2020-05-04 DOI: 10.32933/actainnovations.35.6
O. Portna, N. Iershova
The article examines the significance and role of eco-management in the system of green economy as it is connected with the need to develop new scientific and methodological approaches to managerial decision-making aimed at ensuring resource-oriented production and economic activities of an organization. The purpose of the research is to develop management technologies for eco-management to build a green economy. The eco-management technologies are studied in the following areas: 1) an analysis and evaluation of statistical observations on economic development trends and identification of issues in resource conservation, 2) justification of the need for a new approach to managing organizations, namely considering an environmental component in the decision-making process, 3) the choice of resource-saving measures in terms of a limited financial budget, 4) algorithmic implementation of environmental management components as an important component of an organization's competitive strategy. The methodical approach to the choice of environmental measures and criteria of resource utilization completeness is suggested. This allows forming the information space as a basis for making management decisions in the field of ecological safety of industrial organizations. During the last decade, the main trends of economic development have confirmed the importance of resource efficiency as far as economic and environmental aspects, which has allowed to determine the impact of research results on the economy and the environment from the standpoint of sustainable development. To this end, practical recommendations for reusing industrial waste in the production activities of companies have been provided. Within the established system of principles, criteria, and factors of rational and efficient use of resources in the conditions of modern economy, the issues of identifying and revealing the features in the development of branch organizations within the mechanism of their resource efficiency have proved to be crucial and of paramount importance.
本文探讨了生态管理在绿色经济体系中的重要性和作用,因为它与制定新的科学和方法论管理决策方法的必要性有关,以确保一个组织的生产和经济活动以资源为导向。本研究的目的是开发生态管理的管理技术,以建设绿色经济。生态管理技术在以下领域进行了研究:1)对经济发展趋势的统计观察结果进行分析和评估,并查明资源保护方面的问题,3)在有限的财政预算方面选择资源节约措施,4)环境管理组成部分的算法实施,作为组织竞争战略的重要组成部分。提出了选择环境措施和资源利用完整性标准的方法。这允许形成信息空间,作为在工业组织的生态安全领域做出管理决策的基础。在过去十年中,经济发展的主要趋势证实了资源效率在经济和环境方面的重要性,这使得能够从可持续发展的角度确定研究结果对经济和环境的影响。为此,提供了在企业生产活动中重复使用工业废物的实用建议。在现代经济条件下合理有效利用资源的既定原则、标准和因素体系中,在分支机构的资源效率机制内识别和揭示其发展特征的问题已被证明是至关重要的。
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引用次数: 3
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Acta Innovations
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