Pub Date : 2022-01-31DOI: 10.20885/jif.specialissue2022.art8
Sinta Rachmawati, Fania Pratiwi, Ika Norcahyanti
Abstract Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease, characterized by hyperglycemia. It occurs due to impaired insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that is often accompanied by complications, one of which is hypertension, so that drug interactions cannot be avoided. Objective: This study aimed to determine the medication profile and potential drug interactions in diabetes mellitus outpatient with hypertension at RSUD dr. H. Andi Abdurrahman Noor. Method: It was a descriptive study. The data was obtained from diabetes with hypertension outpatient in three months (October-December 2020). To analyze potential drug interaction, used drugs.com, Medscape and Stockley for literature. Results: The medication profile showed that insulin aspart (43.84%) and the combination of candesartan and amlodipine (52.05%) were the most used drugs. The most common potential drug interactions were found between insulin and candesartan (73.34%) with moderate severity. Conclusion: Insulin aspart was the most used of antidiabetic. Candesartan plus amlodipine was the most widely used antihypertensive. Both types of drugs (insulin and candesartan) have the potential for drug interactions. Keywords: antidiabetic, antihypertensive, drug interaction
{"title":"Medication profile and potential drug interactions in diabetes mellitus with hypertension outpatient at RSUD dr. H. Andi Abdurrahman Noor","authors":"Sinta Rachmawati, Fania Pratiwi, Ika Norcahyanti","doi":"10.20885/jif.specialissue2022.art8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20885/jif.specialissue2022.art8","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease, characterized by hyperglycemia. It occurs due to impaired insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that is often accompanied by complications, one of which is hypertension, so that drug interactions cannot be avoided. Objective: This study aimed to determine the medication profile and potential drug interactions in diabetes mellitus outpatient with hypertension at RSUD dr. H. Andi Abdurrahman Noor. Method: It was a descriptive study. The data was obtained from diabetes with hypertension outpatient in three months (October-December 2020). To analyze potential drug interaction, used drugs.com, Medscape and Stockley for literature. Results: The medication profile showed that insulin aspart (43.84%) and the combination of candesartan and amlodipine (52.05%) were the most used drugs. The most common potential drug interactions were found between insulin and candesartan (73.34%) with moderate severity. Conclusion: Insulin aspart was the most used of antidiabetic. Candesartan plus amlodipine was the most widely used antihypertensive. Both types of drugs (insulin and candesartan) have the potential for drug interactions. Keywords: antidiabetic, antihypertensive, drug interaction","PeriodicalId":32369,"journal":{"name":"Kartika Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91381491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-31DOI: 10.20885/jif.specialissue2022.art15
Lola Azyenela, M. Aria, Lana Aristya
Abstract Background: Pneumonia is one of the diseases that cause high rates of toddler deaths in the world. In Indonesia, pneumonia is the second cause of death of infants and toddlers after diarrheal diseases. Most pneumonia patients are treated with other diseases so many pneumonia patients receive more than two types of drugs in one prescription, this has the potential for drug interactions with drugs. Objective: The aim of this study was to look at potential occurrences of drug interactions in toddler patients at Dr.M. Djamil Padang Hospital hospitalized in 2019. Methods: This research was nonexperimental research design with cross-sectional descriptive methods of analysis and the data retrieved retrospectively. The patient's medical records were analyzed using the Drugs.com software and Medscape. Results: There were 62 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Among them, there were 5 pneumonia patients (8.1%) who experienced drug interactions with drugs, with the pharmacokinetic category as many as 3 cases (42.9%) affecting metabolism and drug interactions in the pharmacodynamic category by 4 cases (57.1%). Based on the severity of drug interactions, this study found 1 minor case (14.3%), 5 moderate cases (71.4%), and 1 major case (14.3%). Conclusion: From the results of the study it can be concluded that there was a potential for drug interactions in pneumonia toddler patients at Dr.M. Djamil Padang Hospital in the period 2019. Keywords: Bronchopneumonia, drug Interactions, toddler
{"title":"The study of drug interaction on pneumonia patients at RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang","authors":"Lola Azyenela, M. Aria, Lana Aristya","doi":"10.20885/jif.specialissue2022.art15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20885/jif.specialissue2022.art15","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: Pneumonia is one of the diseases that cause high rates of toddler deaths in the world. In Indonesia, pneumonia is the second cause of death of infants and toddlers after diarrheal diseases. Most pneumonia patients are treated with other diseases so many pneumonia patients receive more than two types of drugs in one prescription, this has the potential for drug interactions with drugs. Objective: The aim of this study was to look at potential occurrences of drug interactions in toddler patients at Dr.M. Djamil Padang Hospital hospitalized in 2019. Methods: This research was nonexperimental research design with cross-sectional descriptive methods of analysis and the data retrieved retrospectively. The patient's medical records were analyzed using the Drugs.com software and Medscape. Results: There were 62 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Among them, there were 5 pneumonia patients (8.1%) who experienced drug interactions with drugs, with the pharmacokinetic category as many as 3 cases (42.9%) affecting metabolism and drug interactions in the pharmacodynamic category by 4 cases (57.1%). Based on the severity of drug interactions, this study found 1 minor case (14.3%), 5 moderate cases (71.4%), and 1 major case (14.3%). Conclusion: From the results of the study it can be concluded that there was a potential for drug interactions in pneumonia toddler patients at Dr.M. Djamil Padang Hospital in the period 2019. Keywords: Bronchopneumonia, drug Interactions, toddler","PeriodicalId":32369,"journal":{"name":"Kartika Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81586380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-31DOI: 10.20885/jif.specialissue2022.art16
Mutiara Herawati, Mir-a Kemila, Putri Anggriani, Nur Mardhiyah, S. Maulida
Background: The mechanism of action of gentamycin is inhibiting protein synthesis inside bacteria. Meropenem and vancomycin have the same mode of action that inhibit bacterial cell wall activity. Antibiotic resistance occurs when antibiotic use does not follow the guidelines. Therefore, this study aims to determine how vancomycin, gentamycin, and meropenem are prescribed in a regional public hospital. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the prescription of vancomycin, gentamycin, and meropenem in Yogyakarta Regional Public Hospital in 2017. Methods: This research employed a descriptive analysis with a cross-sectional design. The study was conducted to describe the profiles of vancomycin, gentamycin, and meropenem utilization. Data collection was performed retrospectively using patients’ medical record data including the diagnosis, dosage, and duration of administration. Results: The study showed that the total number of patients who received aminoglycoside: meropenem: vancomycin antibiotics in 2017 and met the research criteria was 6:8:24. According to the diagnosis, gentamycin was used for post-operation (75%), then sepsis and encephalitis. Meropenem was used for sepsis with a percentage of 67% while vancomycin was for endocarditis, intraabdominal, MRSA, cellulitis, pneumonia, and sepsis. Based on the appropriate dosage in the guidelines, the prescribing of gentamycin and meropenem resulted in 100% properness and 69.23% for vancomycin. For the duration of appropriate utilization, it was found that the most prolonged use was in patients given meropenem for 29 days, and the fastest use was a day for patients using vancomycin. Conclusion:Vancomycin, gentamycin, and meropenem had the appropriate dosage. However, discrepancies were still found in the indication and duration of the treatment using these antibiotics. Keywords: Vancomycin, gentamycin, meropenem, antibiotics
{"title":"The pattern of vancomycin, gentamycin, and meropenem prescriptions for the inpatients of a regional public hospital in Yogyakarta, Indonesia","authors":"Mutiara Herawati, Mir-a Kemila, Putri Anggriani, Nur Mardhiyah, S. Maulida","doi":"10.20885/jif.specialissue2022.art16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20885/jif.specialissue2022.art16","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The mechanism of action of gentamycin is inhibiting protein synthesis inside bacteria. Meropenem and vancomycin have the same mode of action that inhibit bacterial cell wall activity. Antibiotic resistance occurs when antibiotic use does not follow the guidelines. Therefore, this study aims to determine how vancomycin, gentamycin, and meropenem are prescribed in a regional public hospital. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the prescription of vancomycin, gentamycin, and meropenem in Yogyakarta Regional Public Hospital in 2017. Methods: This research employed a descriptive analysis with a cross-sectional design. The study was conducted to describe the profiles of vancomycin, gentamycin, and meropenem utilization. Data collection was performed retrospectively using patients’ medical record data including the diagnosis, dosage, and duration of administration. Results: The study showed that the total number of patients who received aminoglycoside: meropenem: vancomycin antibiotics in 2017 and met the research criteria was 6:8:24. According to the diagnosis, gentamycin was used for post-operation (75%), then sepsis and encephalitis. Meropenem was used for sepsis with a percentage of 67% while vancomycin was for endocarditis, intraabdominal, MRSA, cellulitis, pneumonia, and sepsis. Based on the appropriate dosage in the guidelines, the prescribing of gentamycin and meropenem resulted in 100% properness and 69.23% for vancomycin. For the duration of appropriate utilization, it was found that the most prolonged use was in patients given meropenem for 29 days, and the fastest use was a day for patients using vancomycin. Conclusion:Vancomycin, gentamycin, and meropenem had the appropriate dosage. However, discrepancies were still found in the indication and duration of the treatment using these antibiotics. Keywords: Vancomycin, gentamycin, meropenem, antibiotics","PeriodicalId":32369,"journal":{"name":"Kartika Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89648037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background: Implementation of the new curriculum is tiresome for both lecturers and students. Students who are passive and have limited cognitive abilities will feel depressed. This condition can cause anxiety leading to stress and ultimately depression. The enhancement of graduation standards for apothecary students rises the depression risk factors, especially for retaker students (students who do not pass the Indonesian Pharmacist Competency Exam). Objective: This study aimed to identify the level of anxiety, stress, and depression among undergraduate pharmacy and pharmacist profession students. Method: This study was a cross-sectional design that employed the students of undergraduate and apothecary programs. Respondents involved in this study were undergraduate students in the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th year (n=451) and professional students from batches 35, 36, and 37 (n=271). The DASS 42 questionnaire (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale) was used to identify depression. The data were analyzed descriptively. Result: The number of respondents who met the inclusion criteria was 668. Most undergraduate students had moderate levels of anxiety, normal stress, and normal depression, while apothecary students had normal profiles for all parameters. Conclusion: The various activities and pressure during the learning process triggered psychological disorders for only 5% of respondents. Keywords: Anxiety, stress, depression, DASS-42
{"title":"The profile of anxiety, stress, and depression among pharmacy students in Universitas Islam Indonesia","authors":"Mutiara Herawati, Aldia Dwi Karinaningrum, Yosi Febrianti","doi":"10.20885/jif.specialissue2022.art17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20885/jif.specialissue2022.art17","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: Implementation of the new curriculum is tiresome for both lecturers and students. Students who are passive and have limited cognitive abilities will feel depressed. This condition can cause anxiety leading to stress and ultimately depression. The enhancement of graduation standards for apothecary students rises the depression risk factors, especially for retaker students (students who do not pass the Indonesian Pharmacist Competency Exam). Objective: This study aimed to identify the level of anxiety, stress, and depression among undergraduate pharmacy and pharmacist profession students. Method: This study was a cross-sectional design that employed the students of undergraduate and apothecary programs. Respondents involved in this study were undergraduate students in the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th year (n=451) and professional students from batches 35, 36, and 37 (n=271). The DASS 42 questionnaire (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale) was used to identify depression. The data were analyzed descriptively. Result: The number of respondents who met the inclusion criteria was 668. Most undergraduate students had moderate levels of anxiety, normal stress, and normal depression, while apothecary students had normal profiles for all parameters. Conclusion: The various activities and pressure during the learning process triggered psychological disorders for only 5% of respondents. Keywords: Anxiety, stress, depression, DASS-42","PeriodicalId":32369,"journal":{"name":"Kartika Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76218012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-31DOI: 10.20885/jif.specialissue2022.art13
Wati Eliana Putri, Metha Anung Anindhita
Abstract Background: Cardamom has been studied and proven to be effective as an antibacterial. Gel preparations are preferred because they have advantages such as being easy to apply, providing a cooling effect, and being able to deliver drugs well. Objective: The purpose of this study was to make a gel formulation of ethanolic cardamom fruit extract by optimizing the combination of the gelling agent of HPMC and sodium alginate using the simplex lattice design (SLD). Methods: Cardamom fruit extract was obtained by extracting cardamom fruit simplicia using 70% ethanol. The formulation of the gel preparation from cardamom fruit extract was optimized using the SLD method on Design Expert. There were 5 gel formulas made and evaluated including organoleptic, pH, viscosity, spreadability, and adhesion. The independent variables in SLD were the amount of HMC and sodium alginate, while the responses included viscosity, spreadability, and adhesion. Optimal formula selection is done by using a numerical approach. Results: FI (HPMC 3.75% and sodium alginate 2.75%) and FII (HPMC 3.50% and sodium alginate 3.00%) met the test criteria for all the tests performed. The optimal formula suggested by SLD is a combination of 3.53% HPMC and 2.98% sodium alginate with a desirability value of 1.00. The predicted value for each response was the viscosity of 214.83 dPa.s, dispersion of 5.38 cm, and adhesion of 50.08 seconds. The optimal formula showed a dispersion value of 5.37cm. The results of the t-test indicated that the dispersion value of the observed results is not significantly different from the prediction software. Conclusion: Based on this research, it can be concluded that the use of a combination of HPMC and sodium alginate as a gelling agent can be optimized by using a simplex lattice design to obtain the optimum formula for cardamom fruit extract gel. Keywords: gel, hpmc, sodium alginate, SLD, kapulaga
{"title":"Optimization of cardamom fruit ethanol extract gel with combination of HPMC and Sodium Alginate as the gelling agent using Simplex Lattice Design","authors":"Wati Eliana Putri, Metha Anung Anindhita","doi":"10.20885/jif.specialissue2022.art13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20885/jif.specialissue2022.art13","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: Cardamom has been studied and proven to be effective as an antibacterial. Gel preparations are preferred because they have advantages such as being easy to apply, providing a cooling effect, and being able to deliver drugs well. Objective: The purpose of this study was to make a gel formulation of ethanolic cardamom fruit extract by optimizing the combination of the gelling agent of HPMC and sodium alginate using the simplex lattice design (SLD). Methods: Cardamom fruit extract was obtained by extracting cardamom fruit simplicia using 70% ethanol. The formulation of the gel preparation from cardamom fruit extract was optimized using the SLD method on Design Expert. There were 5 gel formulas made and evaluated including organoleptic, pH, viscosity, spreadability, and adhesion. The independent variables in SLD were the amount of HMC and sodium alginate, while the responses included viscosity, spreadability, and adhesion. Optimal formula selection is done by using a numerical approach. Results: FI (HPMC 3.75% and sodium alginate 2.75%) and FII (HPMC 3.50% and sodium alginate 3.00%) met the test criteria for all the tests performed. The optimal formula suggested by SLD is a combination of 3.53% HPMC and 2.98% sodium alginate with a desirability value of 1.00. The predicted value for each response was the viscosity of 214.83 dPa.s, dispersion of 5.38 cm, and adhesion of 50.08 seconds. The optimal formula showed a dispersion value of 5.37cm. The results of the t-test indicated that the dispersion value of the observed results is not significantly different from the prediction software. Conclusion: Based on this research, it can be concluded that the use of a combination of HPMC and sodium alginate as a gelling agent can be optimized by using a simplex lattice design to obtain the optimum formula for cardamom fruit extract gel. Keywords: gel, hpmc, sodium alginate, SLD, kapulaga","PeriodicalId":32369,"journal":{"name":"Kartika Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74417491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-31DOI: 10.20885/jif.specialissue2022.art3
S. Anam, Armini Syamsidi, Musyahidah Musyahidah, N. Ambianti, A. Widodo, M. Zubair
Abstract Background: Endophytic fungi are microorganisms found in plant tissues that are mutually beneficial to the host plant. They are known as sources of bioactive metabolites which possess various biological activities such as antimicrobial, anticancer, antiviral, antifungal, and antioxidant. Benalu batu (Begonia medicinalis) has been used empirically as a medicinal plant and has shown anticancer activity in breast cancer cells (T47D cells) and cervical cancer cells (HeLa cells). Objective: This study aimed to isolate the endophytic fungi from benalu batu and determine the toxicity activity and Lethal Concentration 50% (LC50) value of isolated endophytic fungi using shrimp larvae (Artemia salina). Method: Endophytic fungi were isolated from fresh parts; leaves, stems, roots of Benalu Batu. The selected parts were sterilized with ethanol 70% and sodium hypochlorite 1% subsequently placed into Potato Dextrose Agar Chloramphenicol (PDAC) then incubated at 28°C for 7 days. Isolated endophytic fungi were extracted by sonication method using ethyl acetate. The toxicity activity of isolated endophytic fungi was determined using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). Results: Isolation of the endophytic fungi from benalu batu obtained 10 isolates, which the leaves part obtained 6 isolates, the stem obtained 3 isolates and the root obtained 1 isolate. The results of screening for toxicity test of 10 isolates at concentrations of 500 µg/mL shown that isolate D3, D5, and D6 gave 100% mortality. The LC50 values of isolate D3, D5, and D6 were obtained respectively in 448.03, 8.784, and 9.13 µg/mL. Conclusion: These results indicated that isolate D5 exhibits the greatest toxicity and needs to be investigated the activity for testing on cancer cells. Keywords: endophytic fungi, Begonia medicinalis, toxicity, Artemia salina
{"title":"Isolation of endophytic fungi from benalu batu (Begonia Medicinalis) and their toxicity on Artemia Salina","authors":"S. Anam, Armini Syamsidi, Musyahidah Musyahidah, N. Ambianti, A. Widodo, M. Zubair","doi":"10.20885/jif.specialissue2022.art3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20885/jif.specialissue2022.art3","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: Endophytic fungi are microorganisms found in plant tissues that are mutually beneficial to the host plant. They are known as sources of bioactive metabolites which possess various biological activities such as antimicrobial, anticancer, antiviral, antifungal, and antioxidant. Benalu batu (Begonia medicinalis) has been used empirically as a medicinal plant and has shown anticancer activity in breast cancer cells (T47D cells) and cervical cancer cells (HeLa cells). Objective: This study aimed to isolate the endophytic fungi from benalu batu and determine the toxicity activity and Lethal Concentration 50% (LC50) value of isolated endophytic fungi using shrimp larvae (Artemia salina). Method: Endophytic fungi were isolated from fresh parts; leaves, stems, roots of Benalu Batu. The selected parts were sterilized with ethanol 70% and sodium hypochlorite 1% subsequently placed into Potato Dextrose Agar Chloramphenicol (PDAC) then incubated at 28°C for 7 days. Isolated endophytic fungi were extracted by sonication method using ethyl acetate. The toxicity activity of isolated endophytic fungi was determined using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). Results: Isolation of the endophytic fungi from benalu batu obtained 10 isolates, which the leaves part obtained 6 isolates, the stem obtained 3 isolates and the root obtained 1 isolate. The results of screening for toxicity test of 10 isolates at concentrations of 500 µg/mL shown that isolate D3, D5, and D6 gave 100% mortality. The LC50 values of isolate D3, D5, and D6 were obtained respectively in 448.03, 8.784, and 9.13 µg/mL. Conclusion: These results indicated that isolate D5 exhibits the greatest toxicity and needs to be investigated the activity for testing on cancer cells. Keywords: endophytic fungi, Begonia medicinalis, toxicity, Artemia salina","PeriodicalId":32369,"journal":{"name":"Kartika Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86097136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-31DOI: 10.20885/jif.specialissue2022.art5
Sari Meisyayati, A. Rasyad, Frelis Setya Nanda, Ayu Lestari, Alex Ferianto, R. Wahyudi
Abstract Background: Herbal juice with the composition of rosella flower, garlic, red ginger, dan lime extract, apple cider vinegar andhoney has been proven to be effective as an anti-hypercholesterolemia and has a high level of safety through acute and sub chronic toxicity tests that have been carried out. To be marketed, it is also necessary to know how long this herbal juice formula preserve its antihyperlipidemic effect during the storage process. Objective: This study was aimed to examine the effectiveness of herbal juice stored for 50 days and 100 days in PTU-induced rats and high-fat diet. Methods: This test used 6 groups of animals consists of group I (Na CMC 0.5%/negative control), group II (fresh herbal juice), group III (herbal juice stored 50 days at room temperature), group IV (herbal juice stored for 50 days at cold temperatures), group V (herbal juice stored for 100 days at room temperature), and group VI (herbal juice stored for 100 days at cold temperatures). The dosage of the test preparation was 5.4 ml/kg given once a day for 10 days. Induction was carried out using PTU ad libitum and high-fat diet twice a day for 10 days. Measurement of serum total cholesterol levels was carried out on day 0 and 11 using the CHOD-PAP method. Results: Groups II and IV could reduce cholesterol significantly compared to the negative control group (p<0.05), while the other groups could increase blood cholesterol level. Conclusion: Herbal juice showed effectiveness as anti-hypercholesterolemia in male white rats after being stored for 50 days and 100 days. Shelf life and temperature do not reduce its activity. Keywords:anti-hypercholesterolemia, herbal juice, shelf life, temperature
{"title":"Anti-hypercholesterolemic activity of herbal juice with shelf life of 50 and 100 days in male rats induced by PTU and high-fat diet","authors":"Sari Meisyayati, A. Rasyad, Frelis Setya Nanda, Ayu Lestari, Alex Ferianto, R. Wahyudi","doi":"10.20885/jif.specialissue2022.art5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20885/jif.specialissue2022.art5","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: Herbal juice with the composition of rosella flower, garlic, red ginger, dan lime extract, apple cider vinegar andhoney has been proven to be effective as an anti-hypercholesterolemia and has a high level of safety through acute and sub chronic toxicity tests that have been carried out. To be marketed, it is also necessary to know how long this herbal juice formula preserve its antihyperlipidemic effect during the storage process. Objective: This study was aimed to examine the effectiveness of herbal juice stored for 50 days and 100 days in PTU-induced rats and high-fat diet. Methods: This test used 6 groups of animals consists of group I (Na CMC 0.5%/negative control), group II (fresh herbal juice), group III (herbal juice stored 50 days at room temperature), group IV (herbal juice stored for 50 days at cold temperatures), group V (herbal juice stored for 100 days at room temperature), and group VI (herbal juice stored for 100 days at cold temperatures). The dosage of the test preparation was 5.4 ml/kg given once a day for 10 days. Induction was carried out using PTU ad libitum and high-fat diet twice a day for 10 days. Measurement of serum total cholesterol levels was carried out on day 0 and 11 using the CHOD-PAP method. Results: Groups II and IV could reduce cholesterol significantly compared to the negative control group (p<0.05), while the other groups could increase blood cholesterol level. Conclusion: Herbal juice showed effectiveness as anti-hypercholesterolemia in male white rats after being stored for 50 days and 100 days. Shelf life and temperature do not reduce its activity. Keywords:anti-hypercholesterolemia, herbal juice, shelf life, temperature","PeriodicalId":32369,"journal":{"name":"Kartika Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74127700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-31DOI: 10.20885/jif.specialissue2022.art12
Putri Indah Sayakti, N. Anisa, H. Ramadhan
Background: Antioxidants are a group of organic molecules and enzymes that work synergistically to enhance cellular defenses and combat oxidative stress. Antioxidants can come from plants because they contain many groups of phytochemical compounds and vitamins. One of the plants that has compounds with antioxidant activity is cassava. Objective: To measure the antioxidant activity of methanol extract of cassava leaves using the CUPRAC method. Methods: Cassava leaves were extracted by maceration using methanol as a solvent with the addition of 5% H2SO4. Phytochemical screening of flavonoids with Mg and HCl, while phenol with the addition of FeCl3. The antioxidant activity based on the reaction of the test solution with CUPRAC reagent. Antioxidant activity can be determined by IC50 value by using x value as concentration and y value as absorbance. Results: The results of phytochemical screening showed that the methanol extract of cassava leaves contained flavonoids and phenolic groups. The antioxidant capacity of the methanol extract of cassava leaves obtained an IC50 value of 156.03 ppm, while quercetin has a very strong capacity as an antioxidant with an IC50 of 9.83 ppm. Conclusion: The methanol extract of cassava leaves has a weak antioxidant capacity in reducing metal ions. Keywords: Cassava leaves, Manihot esculenta Crantz, methanol extract, antioxidants, CUPRAC.
{"title":"Antioxidant activity of methanol extract of cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz) using CUPRAC method","authors":"Putri Indah Sayakti, N. Anisa, H. Ramadhan","doi":"10.20885/jif.specialissue2022.art12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20885/jif.specialissue2022.art12","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Antioxidants are a group of organic molecules and enzymes that work synergistically to enhance cellular defenses and combat oxidative stress. Antioxidants can come from plants because they contain many groups of phytochemical compounds and vitamins. One of the plants that has compounds with antioxidant activity is cassava. Objective: To measure the antioxidant activity of methanol extract of cassava leaves using the CUPRAC method. Methods: Cassava leaves were extracted by maceration using methanol as a solvent with the addition of 5% H2SO4. Phytochemical screening of flavonoids with Mg and HCl, while phenol with the addition of FeCl3. The antioxidant activity based on the reaction of the test solution with CUPRAC reagent. Antioxidant activity can be determined by IC50 value by using x value as concentration and y value as absorbance. Results: The results of phytochemical screening showed that the methanol extract of cassava leaves contained flavonoids and phenolic groups. The antioxidant capacity of the methanol extract of cassava leaves obtained an IC50 value of 156.03 ppm, while quercetin has a very strong capacity as an antioxidant with an IC50 of 9.83 ppm. Conclusion: The methanol extract of cassava leaves has a weak antioxidant capacity in reducing metal ions. Keywords: Cassava leaves, Manihot esculenta Crantz, methanol extract, antioxidants, CUPRAC.","PeriodicalId":32369,"journal":{"name":"Kartika Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87793090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-31DOI: 10.20885/jif.specialissue2022.art18
Lidia Lidia, E. Munarsih, Dini Aprilianti
Abstract Background: Red betel leaf (P. crocatum Ruiz & Pav) possesses antibacterial properties, so the prospect is to be developed as a deodorant in lotion dosage forms. Objective: This study was conducted with the intention to prepare, evaluate, and investigate the stability of deodorant lotion preparations from the ethanolic extract of red betel leaf (P. crocatum Ruiz & Pav) based on stearic acid. Methods: The maceration method used 70% ethanol as solvent to obtain red betel leaf extract. Furthermore, the concentrated extract was formulated as a deodorant lotion formula into three formulas, FI, FII, and FIII, with varying concentrations of stearic acid 2, 4, and 6%, respectively. All the deodorant lotion formulas were evaluated, their characteristics and stability of organoleptic, pH, homogeneity, viscosity, spreadability, adhesion, and irritation properties. The physical stability test was done by cycling test. The storage stability test was evaluated for 28 days. Results: Evaluation of physical properties for 28 days showed that deodorant lotion was homogeneous and pH in the range of 5.5-6.4; viscosity, spreadability, and adhesion tests gave good results and stability. In the irritation test, all formulas showed no irritation. Statistical test paired T-test on stability testing during storage and cycling test showed that the best and most stable formula was F3 with 6% stearic acid concentration. Conclusion: Ethanolic extract of red betel leaf (P. crocatum Ruiz & Pav) can be formulated into a deodorant lotion preparation that is stable and good during storage. Keywords: deodorant lotion, Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav, stearic acid
{"title":"Lotion deodorant formulation of ethanolic extract of red betel leaf (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav) with stearic acid as base","authors":"Lidia Lidia, E. Munarsih, Dini Aprilianti","doi":"10.20885/jif.specialissue2022.art18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20885/jif.specialissue2022.art18","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: Red betel leaf (P. crocatum Ruiz & Pav) possesses antibacterial properties, so the prospect is to be developed as a deodorant in lotion dosage forms. Objective: This study was conducted with the intention to prepare, evaluate, and investigate the stability of deodorant lotion preparations from the ethanolic extract of red betel leaf (P. crocatum Ruiz & Pav) based on stearic acid. Methods: The maceration method used 70% ethanol as solvent to obtain red betel leaf extract. Furthermore, the concentrated extract was formulated as a deodorant lotion formula into three formulas, FI, FII, and FIII, with varying concentrations of stearic acid 2, 4, and 6%, respectively. All the deodorant lotion formulas were evaluated, their characteristics and stability of organoleptic, pH, homogeneity, viscosity, spreadability, adhesion, and irritation properties. The physical stability test was done by cycling test. The storage stability test was evaluated for 28 days. Results: Evaluation of physical properties for 28 days showed that deodorant lotion was homogeneous and pH in the range of 5.5-6.4; viscosity, spreadability, and adhesion tests gave good results and stability. In the irritation test, all formulas showed no irritation. Statistical test paired T-test on stability testing during storage and cycling test showed that the best and most stable formula was F3 with 6% stearic acid concentration. Conclusion: Ethanolic extract of red betel leaf (P. crocatum Ruiz & Pav) can be formulated into a deodorant lotion preparation that is stable and good during storage. Keywords: deodorant lotion, Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav, stearic acid","PeriodicalId":32369,"journal":{"name":"Kartika Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75617328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-31DOI: 10.20885/jif.specialissue2022.art9
Agitya Resti Erwiyani, Sri Mustika Ayu, Winda Ayu Ningtyas, R. L. Vifta
Abstract Background: The fruit of pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima D.), one of genus Cucurbita, family Cucurbitaceae, has antioxidant activity due to the content of metabolites including amino acids, fatty acids, alpha-tocopherol, beta-tocopherol, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, and beta-sitosterol. The content of carotenoids and tocopherols in pumpkin has antioxidant activity, reduces skin damage due to sun exposure, and can slow down the aging process. Objective: The study aimed to formulate pumpkin fruit emulgel and evaluate its physical stability during storage Method: Emulgel contains pumpkin fruit extracts at a concentration of 0.5 – 1.5% w/v. Emulgel evaluations were organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, adhesion, and viscosity at 2 - 8°C, room temperature, and 40 degree Celcius. The stability test observed the physical properties for 28 days. Results: Pumpkin fruit extracts contain flavonoids based on the TLC test. Emulgel showed organoleptic yellow color with pH in the range of 5, homogeneous, adhesion for more than 1 second, dispersion 5 – 7 cm, and viscosity 2000 – 4000 cP. Storage for 28 days did not show a significant difference at all storage temperatures and centrifugation tests. Conclusion Pumpkin fruit emulgel is stable at all storage temperatures 2 – 8 degree Celcius, 28 ± 2 degree Celcius, and 40 ± 2 degree Celcius. Keywords: emulgel, pumpkin, formulation, physical stability
{"title":"Formulation and evaluation of pumpkin fruit (Cucurbita maxima L.) emulgel","authors":"Agitya Resti Erwiyani, Sri Mustika Ayu, Winda Ayu Ningtyas, R. L. Vifta","doi":"10.20885/jif.specialissue2022.art9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20885/jif.specialissue2022.art9","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: The fruit of pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima D.), one of genus Cucurbita, family Cucurbitaceae, has antioxidant activity due to the content of metabolites including amino acids, fatty acids, alpha-tocopherol, beta-tocopherol, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, and beta-sitosterol. The content of carotenoids and tocopherols in pumpkin has antioxidant activity, reduces skin damage due to sun exposure, and can slow down the aging process. Objective: The study aimed to formulate pumpkin fruit emulgel and evaluate its physical stability during storage Method: Emulgel contains pumpkin fruit extracts at a concentration of 0.5 – 1.5% w/v. Emulgel evaluations were organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, adhesion, and viscosity at 2 - 8°C, room temperature, and 40 degree Celcius. The stability test observed the physical properties for 28 days. Results: Pumpkin fruit extracts contain flavonoids based on the TLC test. Emulgel showed organoleptic yellow color with pH in the range of 5, homogeneous, adhesion for more than 1 second, dispersion 5 – 7 cm, and viscosity 2000 – 4000 cP. Storage for 28 days did not show a significant difference at all storage temperatures and centrifugation tests. Conclusion Pumpkin fruit emulgel is stable at all storage temperatures 2 – 8 degree Celcius, 28 ± 2 degree Celcius, and 40 ± 2 degree Celcius. Keywords: emulgel, pumpkin, formulation, physical stability","PeriodicalId":32369,"journal":{"name":"Kartika Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78235224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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