Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.56082/annalsarscihist.2021.2.17
Valentin Ciorbea, Nicoleta Stanca
The present study presents and analyzes the Russian administration installed in Dobrogea after the occupation of the region by the Tsarist troops at the beginning of June 1877 and until November 1878, when most of the region (Constanța and Tulcea counties) was taken over by Romania following the decision of Berlin Congress (July 13, 1878). Romanian documents, due to the Dobrogea research team, led by Colonel Stefan Fălcoianu before the installation of the Romanian administration and army in the province, have been used. Russian sources from the Foreign Policy Archive of the Russian Empire archive are also highlighted.
{"title":"Romanian-Russian Documents on the Administration of Dobrogea (June 1877-November 1878)","authors":"Valentin Ciorbea, Nicoleta Stanca","doi":"10.56082/annalsarscihist.2021.2.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56082/annalsarscihist.2021.2.17","url":null,"abstract":"The present study presents and analyzes the Russian administration installed in Dobrogea after the occupation of the region by the Tsarist troops at the beginning of June 1877 and until November 1878, when most of the region (Constanța and Tulcea counties) was taken over by Romania following the decision of Berlin Congress (July 13, 1878). Romanian documents, due to the Dobrogea research team, led by Colonel Stefan Fălcoianu before the installation of the Romanian administration and army in the province, have been used. Russian sources from the Foreign Policy Archive of the Russian Empire archive are also highlighted.","PeriodicalId":32445,"journal":{"name":"Annals Series on History and Archaeology Academy of Romanian Scientists","volume":"284 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76845440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.56082/annalsarsciphyschem.2021.2.53
Reka Balint, A. Mocanu, G. Tomoaia, S. Riga, M. Tomoaia-Cotisel
Critical-sized defects in bone induced by trauma have in numerous presented cases difficult challenges to the current treatment for bone repair. The main purpose of bone tissue engineered scaffolds is to use advanced materials to promote the natural healing process of bone which does not easily occur in critical-sized defects or on metallic implants. A synthetic bone scaffold and a coating on Ti implants must be biocompatible and biodegradable to allow the native tissue integration, and mimic the chemical composition and structure of native bone. In addition to being physically and chemically biomimetic, an ideal scaffold and the coating layers on metallic implants must be capable of releasing essential physiologic elements, like Mg, Zn, Sr and Si, and also containing bioactive molecules (e.g., collagen, COL) to accelerate extracellular matrix production and tissue integration. Also, these advanced materials might be doped with drugs (e.g., antibiotics, such as vancomycin) to prevent undesired biological response such as infections, especially with Staphylococcus aureus, S. aureus. Various biomaterials include hydroxyapatite (HAP) ceramics or multifunctional hydroxyapatite substituted with Mg, Zn, Sr and Si, mf-HAP, polymers, such as poly lactic acid (PLA, approved for medical applications by Food and Drug Administration, US FDA, and collagen, or their mixtures as biomimetic composites which have been investigated for their potential as bone scaffold materials and coatings on metallic implants. This article briefly reviews the physical and chemical characteristics of used advanced materials and describes the key-technologies in mimicking the physical and chemical environment of bone using synthetic materials, and provides an over view of local drug delivery as it pertains to bone tissue engineering.
{"title":"ADVANCED NANOMATERIALS AND COATED SURFACES FOR ORTHOPEDIC IMPLANTS – A REVIEW","authors":"Reka Balint, A. Mocanu, G. Tomoaia, S. Riga, M. Tomoaia-Cotisel","doi":"10.56082/annalsarsciphyschem.2021.2.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56082/annalsarsciphyschem.2021.2.53","url":null,"abstract":"Critical-sized defects in bone induced by trauma have in numerous presented cases difficult challenges to the current treatment for bone repair. The main purpose of bone tissue engineered scaffolds is to use advanced materials to promote the natural healing process of bone which does not easily occur in critical-sized defects or on metallic implants. A synthetic bone scaffold and a coating on Ti implants must be biocompatible and biodegradable to allow the native tissue integration, and mimic the chemical composition and structure of native bone. In addition to being physically and chemically biomimetic, an ideal scaffold and the coating layers on metallic implants must be capable of releasing essential physiologic elements, like Mg, Zn, Sr and Si, and also containing bioactive molecules (e.g., collagen, COL) to accelerate extracellular matrix production and tissue integration. Also, these advanced materials might be doped with drugs (e.g., antibiotics, such as vancomycin) to prevent undesired biological response such as infections, especially with Staphylococcus aureus, S. aureus. Various biomaterials include hydroxyapatite (HAP) ceramics or multifunctional hydroxyapatite substituted with Mg, Zn, Sr and Si, mf-HAP, polymers, such as poly lactic acid (PLA, approved for medical applications by Food and Drug Administration, US FDA, and collagen, or their mixtures as biomimetic composites which have been investigated for their potential as bone scaffold materials and coatings on metallic implants. This article briefly reviews the physical and chemical characteristics of used advanced materials and describes the key-technologies in mimicking the physical and chemical environment of bone using synthetic materials, and provides an over view of local drug delivery as it pertains to bone tissue engineering.","PeriodicalId":32445,"journal":{"name":"Annals Series on History and Archaeology Academy of Romanian Scientists","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76223839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.56082/annalsarscihist.2021.1.76
Jipa Rotaru
Nicolae Iorga's historical work, elaborated in the course of half a century, represents, by the vastness of his concerns, by the richness of the themes addressed, by the valuable results reached, a priceless scientific and cultural treasure given by the Romanian scholar to national and universal history.
{"title":"NICOLAE IORGA HISTORY – A DUTY TO MANKIND","authors":"Jipa Rotaru","doi":"10.56082/annalsarscihist.2021.1.76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56082/annalsarscihist.2021.1.76","url":null,"abstract":"Nicolae Iorga's historical work, elaborated in the course of half a century, represents, by the vastness of his concerns, by the richness of the themes addressed, by the valuable results reached, a priceless scientific and cultural treasure given by the Romanian scholar to national and universal history.","PeriodicalId":32445,"journal":{"name":"Annals Series on History and Archaeology Academy of Romanian Scientists","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90266274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.56082/annalsarsciphyschem.2021.2.23
Radu Nartita, D. Ionita, I. Demetrescu, M. Enăchescu
All metallic alloys undergo some surface pretreatment before coating deposition. This preparation step influences the surface roughness and can also change the surface chemical composition, therefore influencing the coating adhesion and the physicochemical characteristics of the coated alloy. Choosing an appropriate surface pretreatment can maximize the coated alloys performances. In this work, we aimed to comparatively analyze the surface of the Ti-Zr-Ta-Ag alloy before and after two different surface pretreatments. The surface composition and morphology were investigated using atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy, while surface energy and mechanical properties were investigated using contact angle measurement and Vickers hardness test.
{"title":"SELECTING A SURFACE PREPARATION TREATMENT ON A MEDIUM ENTROPY Ti-Zr-Ta-Ag ALLOY","authors":"Radu Nartita, D. Ionita, I. Demetrescu, M. Enăchescu","doi":"10.56082/annalsarsciphyschem.2021.2.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56082/annalsarsciphyschem.2021.2.23","url":null,"abstract":"All metallic alloys undergo some surface pretreatment before coating deposition. This preparation step influences the surface roughness and can also change the surface chemical composition, therefore influencing the coating adhesion and the physicochemical characteristics of the coated alloy. Choosing an appropriate surface pretreatment can maximize the coated alloys performances. In this work, we aimed to comparatively analyze the surface of the Ti-Zr-Ta-Ag alloy before and after two different surface pretreatments. The surface composition and morphology were investigated using atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy, while surface energy and mechanical properties were investigated using contact angle measurement and Vickers hardness test.","PeriodicalId":32445,"journal":{"name":"Annals Series on History and Archaeology Academy of Romanian Scientists","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89512291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.56082/annalsarscihist.2021.2.73
A. Bologa
Romania, as a maritime state, after being separated from the Black Sea coast for 400 years, until the War of Independence in 1877, has a tradition in the marine sciences for over 100 years. The illustrious ancestors of Romanian oceanography, especially biological oceanography, are Emil Racoviță, Grigore Antipa and Ioan Borcea. From an oceanographic point of view, E. Racovitza distinguished himself as a biologist of the famous Antarctic multinational expedition, under the command of Captain Adrien de Gerlache, from Belgium, aboard the vessel Belgica, between 1997 and 1998. G. Antipa is the founder of the Bio-Oceanographic Institute in Constanța (1932) and of the Biological Research Station in Caliacra (currently in Bugaria) and in this context he held the positions of organizer, general administrator and director general of the State Fisheries, as the second national delegate of Romania at the International Commission for the Scientific Exploration of the Mediterranean Sea (CIESM), and as rapporteur for the Black Sea, Marmara and the Eastern Mediterranean, as well as organizer of the first Congress and General Assembly of CIESM in Romania in Bucharest in 1935. I. Borcea's main scientific achievement is the creation of the Marine Zoological Station in Agigea, in 1926, which bears his name to this day, with the maintenance of close collaborative relations in the field of marine biology, especially with France and Italy. The main marine research institutions, namely the Marine Zoological Station “Professor Ioan Borcea”, the Bio-Oceanographic Institute, which later became the Fisheries Research Station “Dr. Grigore Antipa”, the Marine Biology Sector from Constanța of the “Traian Săvulescu” Institute of Biology from Bucharest, the Oceanographic Research Station from Constanța and Sulina and the Marine Sedimentology Laboratory, affiliated to the Geological Institute of Romania, merged into the Romanian Marine Research Institute (RMRI) from Constanța on March 1, 1970. The succesor of RMRI since 1990 is the National Institute for Marine Research and Development “Grigore Antipa”, in the same headquarters (Bd. Mamaia No. 300, RO-900581 Constanța). A definite confirmation of the value of the results of the Romanian marine research, over time, is, among others, the close professional relationships with CIESM, continued to the present. Thus, Romania has further promoted and supports marine research at national, regional and international level.
{"title":"The Black Sea in Romanian Oceanographic Research","authors":"A. Bologa","doi":"10.56082/annalsarscihist.2021.2.73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56082/annalsarscihist.2021.2.73","url":null,"abstract":"Romania, as a maritime state, after being separated from the Black Sea coast for 400 years, until the War of Independence in 1877, has a tradition in the marine sciences for over 100 years. The illustrious ancestors of Romanian oceanography, especially biological oceanography, are Emil Racoviță, Grigore Antipa and Ioan Borcea. From an oceanographic point of view, E. Racovitza distinguished himself as a biologist of the famous Antarctic multinational expedition, under the command of Captain Adrien de Gerlache, from Belgium, aboard the vessel Belgica, between 1997 and 1998. G. Antipa is the founder of the Bio-Oceanographic Institute in Constanța (1932) and of the Biological Research Station in Caliacra (currently in Bugaria) and in this context he held the positions of organizer, general administrator and director general of the State Fisheries, as the second national delegate of Romania at the International Commission for the Scientific Exploration of the Mediterranean Sea (CIESM), and as rapporteur for the Black Sea, Marmara and the Eastern Mediterranean, as well as organizer of the first Congress and General Assembly of CIESM in Romania in Bucharest in 1935. I. Borcea's main scientific achievement is the creation of the Marine Zoological Station in Agigea, in 1926, which bears his name to this day, with the maintenance of close collaborative relations in the field of marine biology, especially with France and Italy. The main marine research institutions, namely the Marine Zoological Station “Professor Ioan Borcea”, the Bio-Oceanographic Institute, which later became the Fisheries Research Station “Dr. Grigore Antipa”, the Marine Biology Sector from Constanța of the “Traian Săvulescu” Institute of Biology from Bucharest, the Oceanographic Research Station from Constanța and Sulina and the Marine Sedimentology Laboratory, affiliated to the Geological Institute of Romania, merged into the Romanian Marine Research Institute (RMRI) from Constanța on March 1, 1970. The succesor of RMRI since 1990 is the National Institute for Marine Research and Development “Grigore Antipa”, in the same headquarters (Bd. Mamaia No. 300, RO-900581 Constanța). A definite confirmation of the value of the results of the Romanian marine research, over time, is, among others, the close professional relationships with CIESM, continued to the present. Thus, Romania has further promoted and supports marine research at national, regional and international level.","PeriodicalId":32445,"journal":{"name":"Annals Series on History and Archaeology Academy of Romanian Scientists","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83128218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.56082/annalsarscihist.2021.2.66
Mihai D. Drecin
"The present paper provides a brief presentation of the evolution of Romania’s national economy in the period September 1940 - August 1944, as indicate the published bibliography and unpublished archive documents of the time. It addresses the national economy and the policy of “Romanianization”, aimed at transferring the industrial and commercial enterprises and assets owned by Jews, Greeks, Armenians and Italians or Romanian citizens belonging to the aforementioned ethnic groups, to state ownership. Command of these economic enterprises was given by the state to the so-called ""commissioners of Romanianization"". They had to organize the economy in order to meet the needs of the anti-Soviet front. In reality, the Romanian state wanted to protect the local capital, regardless of the ethnicity of the owner/owners, from the offensive of the German capital which sought to regain its privileged and dominant positions from 1914-1916. The economy of the Antonescu regime, rid of the legionary Romanianization commissioners, who sought only to enrich themselves in connivance with the Jewish owners, pursued a strict planning of the war economy, in order to obtain maximum quantities of products and good quality for the supply of the ”Eastern Front” and of the cities, and to counter the economic sabotage set up by the Communist Party of Romania, which was illegal and totally subordinated to the interests of the USSR."
{"title":"On the situation of the national economy during the Antonescu regime (september 1940 - august 1944)","authors":"Mihai D. Drecin","doi":"10.56082/annalsarscihist.2021.2.66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56082/annalsarscihist.2021.2.66","url":null,"abstract":"\"The present paper provides a brief presentation of the evolution of Romania’s national economy in the period September 1940 - August 1944, as indicate the published bibliography and unpublished archive documents of the time. It addresses the national economy and the policy of “Romanianization”, aimed at transferring the industrial and commercial enterprises and assets owned by Jews, Greeks, Armenians and Italians or Romanian citizens belonging to the aforementioned ethnic groups, to state ownership. Command of these economic enterprises was given by the state to the so-called \"\"commissioners of Romanianization\"\". They had to organize the economy in order to meet the needs of the anti-Soviet front. In reality, the Romanian state wanted to protect the local capital, regardless of the ethnicity of the owner/owners, from the offensive of the German capital which sought to regain its privileged and dominant positions from 1914-1916. The economy of the Antonescu regime, rid of the legionary Romanianization commissioners, who sought only to enrich themselves in connivance with the Jewish owners, pursued a strict planning of the war economy, in order to obtain maximum quantities of products and good quality for the supply of the ”Eastern Front” and of the cities, and to counter the economic sabotage set up by the Communist Party of Romania, which was illegal and totally subordinated to the interests of the USSR.\"","PeriodicalId":32445,"journal":{"name":"Annals Series on History and Archaeology Academy of Romanian Scientists","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75144756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.56082/annalsarscihist.2021.2.42
Ion Zainea
Găsirea unui drum propriu al puterii de la Bucureşti, începută în ultimii ani ai regimului Dej, presupunea racordarea la tradiţiile şi valorile naţionale româneşti, precum şi recuperarea "moştenirii culturale", cu precădere a celei interbelice. Reconsiderarea trecutului falsificat şi debarasarea de molozul grosier al epocii staliniste, a devenit sarcina principală a istoriografiei române după 1966. Totul însă trebuia să se desfăşoare într-un mod controlat, cu arma "criticii de clasă" şi numai în termenii acceptaţi de regim. Studiul nostru are la bază constatările instituţiei de cenzură, în sintezele realizate în anii 1969 şi 1972 asupra scrisului istoric în intervalul 1966-1972.
{"title":"The Struggle of the Communist Regime with the Past and its Personalities: Two Studies Case: Ion I.C. Bratianu and Nicolae Iorga","authors":"Ion Zainea","doi":"10.56082/annalsarscihist.2021.2.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56082/annalsarscihist.2021.2.42","url":null,"abstract":"Găsirea unui drum propriu al puterii de la Bucureşti, începută în ultimii ani ai regimului Dej, presupunea racordarea la tradiţiile şi valorile naţionale româneşti, precum şi recuperarea \"moştenirii culturale\", cu precădere a celei interbelice. Reconsiderarea trecutului falsificat şi debarasarea de molozul grosier al epocii staliniste, a devenit sarcina principală a istoriografiei române după 1966. Totul însă trebuia să se desfăşoare într-un mod controlat, cu arma \"criticii de clasă\" şi numai în termenii acceptaţi de regim. Studiul nostru are la bază constatările instituţiei de cenzură, în sintezele realizate în anii 1969 şi 1972 asupra scrisului istoric în intervalul 1966-1972.","PeriodicalId":32445,"journal":{"name":"Annals Series on History and Archaeology Academy of Romanian Scientists","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79288305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.56082/annalsarsciphyschem.2021.1.48
A. Pavelescu, M. Pavelescu
The low and intermediate level activity wastes resulted from decommissioning of the VVR-S nuclear research reactor belonging to the “Horia Hulubei” National Institute for R&D in Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), are kept in an intermediary storage facility. The storage is located on the premises of the Institute near Bucharest, Romania and includes activated graphite from the reactor thermal column. In case of a very low probability hypothetical atmospheric radiological dispersal incident such as an unexpected fire, despite all the implemented safety measures, there is a certain radiological risk for the workers and general public due to potential ingestion or inhalation or contact with the radioactive aerosols released on a certain range from the storage building. For estimating the total gamma dose intake and adequate countermeasures for workers and public members, the JRODOS (Real-time On-line Decision Support) code system for off-site emergency management after nuclear accidents was used in the paper.
{"title":"MODELING OF DOSE RATES IN CASE OF A RADIOLOGICAL INCIDENT AT THE IFIN-HH INTERMEDIARY GRAPHITE STORAGE","authors":"A. Pavelescu, M. Pavelescu","doi":"10.56082/annalsarsciphyschem.2021.1.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56082/annalsarsciphyschem.2021.1.48","url":null,"abstract":"The low and intermediate level activity wastes resulted from decommissioning of the VVR-S nuclear research reactor belonging to the “Horia Hulubei” National Institute for R&D in Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), are kept in an intermediary storage facility. The storage is located on the premises of the Institute near Bucharest, Romania and includes activated graphite from the reactor thermal column. In case of a very low probability hypothetical atmospheric radiological dispersal incident such as an unexpected fire, despite all the implemented safety measures, there is a certain radiological risk for the workers and general public due to potential ingestion or inhalation or contact with the radioactive aerosols released on a certain range from the storage building. For estimating the total gamma dose intake and adequate countermeasures for workers and public members, the JRODOS (Real-time On-line Decision Support) code system for off-site emergency management after nuclear accidents was used in the paper.","PeriodicalId":32445,"journal":{"name":"Annals Series on History and Archaeology Academy of Romanian Scientists","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81896630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.56082/annalsarsciphyschem.2021.2.7
Mariana Minuț, Mihaela Roșca, P. Cozma, M. Diaconu, M. Gavrilescu
Rapid industrialization along with the use of modern practices in agriculture led to the discharge into the environment of various pollutants from which metals and metalloids are the most identified. The presence of metals in soil affects soil fertility, the growth and development of plants, and finally causing different negative effects on human health such respiratory problems, damage to endocrine and nervous systems and other dysfunction. Over time, various techniques have been used to remove pollutants from contaminated media, but most of these techniques are expensive, produce secondary contaminants and modify the structure and fertility of the soil. Thus, in recent years considerable attention has been accorded to biological methods. Plants and microorganisms may exhibit different behavior and degree of tolerance in the presence of metals.
{"title":"BEHAVIOR OF PLANTS AND MICROORGANISMS IN THE PRESENCE OF INORGANIC POLLUTANTS","authors":"Mariana Minuț, Mihaela Roșca, P. Cozma, M. Diaconu, M. Gavrilescu","doi":"10.56082/annalsarsciphyschem.2021.2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56082/annalsarsciphyschem.2021.2.7","url":null,"abstract":"Rapid industrialization along with the use of modern practices in agriculture led to the discharge into the environment of various pollutants from which metals and metalloids are the most identified. The presence of metals in soil affects soil fertility, the growth and development of plants, and finally causing different negative effects on human health such respiratory problems, damage to endocrine and nervous systems and other dysfunction. Over time, various techniques have been used to remove pollutants from contaminated media, but most of these techniques are expensive, produce secondary contaminants and modify the structure and fertility of the soil. Thus, in recent years considerable attention has been accorded to biological methods. Plants and microorganisms may exhibit different behavior and degree of tolerance in the presence of metals.","PeriodicalId":32445,"journal":{"name":"Annals Series on History and Archaeology Academy of Romanian Scientists","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72871679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.56082/annalsarsciinfo.2021.1-2.12
C. Iliescu
The deposition of thin films by Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) method is a critical process in the fabrication of MEMS or semiconductor devices. The current paper presents an comprehensive overview of PECVD process. After a short description of the PECVD reactors main layers and their application such as silicon oxide, TEOS, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, silicon carbide, amorphous silicon, diamond like carbon are presented. The influence of the process parameters such as: chamber pressure, substrate temperature, mass flow rate, RF Power and RF Power mode on deposition rate, film thickness uniformity, refractive index uniformity and film stress were analysed. The main challenge of thin films PECVD deposition for Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS)and semiconductor devices is to optimize the deposition parameters for high deposition rate with low film stress which and if is possible at low deposition temperature.
{"title":"A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON THIN FILM DEPOSITIONS ON PECVD REACTORS","authors":"C. Iliescu","doi":"10.56082/annalsarsciinfo.2021.1-2.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56082/annalsarsciinfo.2021.1-2.12","url":null,"abstract":"The deposition of thin films by Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) method is a critical process in the fabrication of MEMS or semiconductor devices. The current paper presents an comprehensive overview of PECVD process. After a short description of the PECVD reactors main layers and their application such as silicon oxide, TEOS, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, silicon carbide, amorphous silicon, diamond like carbon are presented. The influence of the process parameters such as: chamber pressure, substrate temperature, mass flow rate, RF Power and RF Power mode on deposition rate, film thickness uniformity, refractive index uniformity and film stress were analysed. The main challenge of thin films PECVD deposition for Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS)and semiconductor devices is to optimize the deposition parameters for high deposition rate with low film stress which and if is possible at low deposition temperature.","PeriodicalId":32445,"journal":{"name":"Annals Series on History and Archaeology Academy of Romanian Scientists","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78053266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：